CN109007676A - 一种含乙醛脱氢酶的乳酸菌冻干粉及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种含乙醛脱氢酶的乳酸菌冻干粉及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种含乙醛脱氢酶的乳酸菌冻干粉及其制备方法,原料主要包括含乙醛脱氢酶的益生菌发酵果汁冻干粉1‑100份、中草药提取物1‑100份、低聚果糖1‑10份、果糖1‑10份、葡萄糖1‑10份、蔗糖1‑10份。通过服用该组合能够改变肠道微生物的组成,调节肠道菌群,提高肠道免疫力,缓解化学性肝损伤,从而达到改善宿醉、降低酒后不良反应的效果。本申请采用微粒冻干技术、成分中添加了中草药提取物,显著提高了乙醛脱氢酶的活性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种含乙醛脱氢酶的高浓度乳酸菌冻干粉组合物,具体是一种能够促进酒精降解,缓解酒精损伤的乳酸菌组合物。
背景技术
酒精在体内降解主要通过肝中的乙醇脱氢酶负责将乙醇氧化为乙醛,生成的乙醛作为底物进一步在乙醛脱氢酶催化下转变为无害的乙酸。乙醛毒性高于乙醇,是造成宿醉的主要原因。适当通过口服补充乙醛脱氢酶,能够加速肠道酒精代谢,减少肝脏代谢压力,从而缓解酒精引起的不适反应,减缓化学性肝损伤。
过量饮酒后,通过大量服用氨基酸、维生素等小分子,可以加速机体新陈代谢,加快酒精分解,减弱酒精对于机体的损伤。另外,通过补充葡萄糖、乳糖等碳水化合物能够快速补充能量,通过补充乳酸、乙酸等短链脂肪酸,可以有效中和肠道中的乙醇,都可以对不适症状有一定缓解作用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种能够缓解酒后不适的益生菌和中草药的组合物,强化肠道菌群调整机能,提高代谢频率,对酒后化学性肝损伤具有保护和缓解作用。
益生菌可以通过增强肠道免疫反应、改善肠道通透性、产生乳酸等机制,改善机体代谢能力,增强酒精代谢,减少机体代谢性损伤。通过培养条件、菌株组合等方式,用果蔬汁等复合原料发酵乳酸菌,可以提高其中乳酸脱氢酶活性,再添加干粉提高培养基固形物后,就行冷冻干燥,将保留发酵过程中产生的酶、乳酸菌、小分子化合物、乳酸等短链脂肪酸。通过服用该益生菌冻干粉,具有醒酒作用,专门用于预防或和改善酒后症状。
本发明解决上述问题所采用的技术方案为:
一种含乙醛脱氢酶的乳酸菌冻干粉,原料主要包括如下质量份的,含乙醛脱氢酶的益生菌发酵果汁冻干粉1-100份、中草药提取物1-100份、低聚果糖1-10份、果糖1-10份、葡萄糖1-10份、蔗糖1-10份。
含乙醛脱氢酶的益生菌发酵果汁冻干粉将选自凝结芽孢杆菌、布氏乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、罗伊氏乳杆菌、发酵乳杆菌、乳双歧杆菌、长双歧杆菌、短双歧杆菌、两歧双歧杆菌中的一种或多种菌种于山楂汁、雪梨汁、芒果汁、苹果汁中的一种果汁或者多种果汁的混合液中于25-45℃发酵12-240h,得到发酵液,之后再添加载体混合后冻干获的含乙醛脱氢酶的益生菌冻干粉组合物:以质量百分比计添加苦参提取物1-50%,菊花提取物1-50%、枳子提取物1-50%、葛根提取物1-50%、生姜提取物1-50%、姜黄1-50%、山楂粉1-50%、橘子粉1-50%、甜橙粉1-50%、蓝莓粉1-50%、柠檬粉1-50%、苹果粉1-50%、雪梨粉1-50%、芒果粉1-50%、葡萄粉1-50%、蔓越莓粉1-50%、低聚果糖1-10%、果糖1-10%、蔗糖1-10%、葡萄糖1-10%中的一种或多种,制备成益生菌发酵中草药冻干组合物。
优选地,益生菌发酵果汁冻干粉的制备过程中,菌株优选植物植物乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌、长双歧杆菌。这些菌种属于常用于酸奶、发酵乳制品及膳食补充剂的益生菌,被列入卫生部公布的《可用于食品的菌种名单》(卫办监督发[2010]65号),可保持肠道的菌群平衡。长双歧杆菌和干酪乳杆菌在发酵过程中可产生胞外多糖,作为一种大分子聚合物,胞外多糖具有一定的粘性和持水性,胞外多糖也是一种有效免疫因子,经过特定的培养基培养后,可强化免疫效果,培养基选自类糖、糖醇和蔬果汁以及奶类蛋白,不添加动物性蛋白,不含有动物脂,所以更加健康,即使是糖尿病患者也可以放心服用,几乎不会产生副作用。
进一步地,益生菌冻干粉组合物是采用微粒冻干工艺,将发酵液离心,然后加入苦参提取物,菊花提取物、枳子提取物、葛根提取物、生姜提取物、姜黄山楂粉、橘子粉、甜橙粉、蓝莓粉、柠檬粉、苹果粉、雪梨粉、芒果粉、葡萄粉、蔓越莓粉中的一种或多种,混合均匀后,添加甘油溶液形成流状物料,静置乳化,然后造粒,颗粒的直径≤1.5mm,造粒结束后将颗粒入冻干机冻干,颗粒在冻干盘内的装料厚度不超过3cm,将冻干盘放入冻干舱内,冻干盘和冻干机的隔板需提前预冷到-25℃以下,放入后开始干燥,干燥分为多个阶段,不同阶段的前舱真空度不同,呈逐渐降低的趋势,不同阶段的前舱隔板温度也不同,呈逐渐升高的趋势。
一般地,控制流状物料的固含量为10~60%。
优选地,所述干燥分为5个阶段:
第一阶段,前舱的真空度控制在100Pa-150Pa,前舱隔板温度-20℃,干燥时间5h;
第二阶段,前舱的真空度控制在60Pa-100Pa,前舱隔板温度-15℃,干燥时间8h;
第三阶段,前舱的真空度控制在20Pa-40Pa,前舱隔板温度-10℃,干燥时间8h;
第四阶段,前舱的真空度控制在10Pa-20Pa,前舱隔板温度10℃,干燥时间5h;
第五阶段,前舱的真空度控制在0Pa-5Pa,前舱隔板温度25℃,干燥时间5h。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点在于:
(1)本发明提供了一种特定功能益生菌特定比例的组合,通过服用该组合能够改变肠道微生物的组成,调节肠道菌群,提高肠道免疫力,缓解化学性肝损伤,从而达到改善宿醉、降低酒后不良反应的效果。
(2)为了提高本产品的保健效果,本申请中菌种的存活率以及乙醛脱氢酶的活性都更好,本申请采用微粒冻干工艺,先将乳化的菌泥造粒,将乳化液速冻成微粒,冷冻成颗粒的时间较短,菌种体内形成的冰晶更小,菌种的存活率更高。此外,与一般冻干微粒相比,本申请冻干微粒的粒径更小,这样微粒的比表面积更大,微粒中水分升华更快,从而缩短了干燥时间,也有利于提高酶活力。
(3)本申请在产品中特别添加的中草药提取物,一方面这些中草药具有人体保健作用,暖胃、助消化、加速身体代谢等,另一方面,中草药在人体中的代谢为碱性,其成分中含有丰富的K+、Ca2+、Mg2+、Na+、Zn2+等矿物质,虽然不同的金属矿物质对酶活性具有激活或抑制作用,但是试验下来,添加中草药提取物后,酶的活性最终是被激活的,这可理解为,作为显著激活剂的K+、Ca2+、Na+的整体含量更好,而作为酶活性抑制剂的Mg2+、Zn2+含量相对较小,且其抑制效果没有激活效果显著,所以,中草药提取物最终表现为对酶的激活效果。
附图说明
图1为实施例中深冷冻装置的结构示意图;
图2为实施例中分散器的俯视图;
图3为实施例中固定盘的俯视图;
图4为实施例中酒精讲解试验的结果图。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。
本申请涉及一种促进酒精降解,缓解酒精损伤的益生菌组合物,包括益生菌发酵果汁冻干粉、中草药提取物、低聚果糖、果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖。其制备方法如下
益生菌发酵果汁冻干粉将植物乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌、长双歧杆菌的均比例的混合菌接种于由山楂汁、雪梨汁、苹果汁构成的混合果汁中,于25-45℃发酵48小时,得到发酵液,将发酵液离心,然后加入中草药提取物(混合物),包括苦参提取物,菊花提取物、枳子提取物、葛根提取物、生姜提取物、姜黄细粉,各提取物的添量为1-50wt%。然后再加入山楂粉、橘子粉、甜橙粉、蓝莓粉、柠檬粉、苹果粉、雪梨粉、芒果粉、葡萄粉、蔓越莓粉,各果粉的添加量为1-50wt%,混合均匀后,添加浓度为20%的甘油水溶液,混合均匀形成流状物料,静置30min以上进行乳化,然后造粒,颗粒的直径1.2-1.3mm,造粒结束后将颗粒入冻干机冻干,颗粒在冻干盘内的装料厚度为3cm,将冻干盘放入冻干舱内,冻干盘和冻干机的隔板需提前预冷到-25℃以下,放入后开始干燥,干燥分为5个阶段,各阶段的前舱真空度逐渐降低,前舱隔板温度逐渐升高。具体如下
第一阶段,前舱的真空度控制在100Pa-150Pa,前舱隔板温度-20℃,干燥时间5h;
第二阶段,前舱的真空度控制在60Pa-100Pa,前舱隔板温度-15℃,干燥时间8h;
第三阶段,前舱的真空度控制在20Pa-40Pa,前舱隔板温度-10℃,干燥时间8h;
第四阶段,前舱的真空度控制在10Pa-20Pa,前舱隔板温度10℃,干燥时间5h;
第五阶段,前舱的真空度控制在0Pa-5Pa,前舱隔板温度25℃,干燥时间5h。
然后根据口味要求进一步在冻干粉物料中添加的低聚果糖、果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖,糖分的总添加量为10wt%。
为了获得粒径均匀、尺寸更小的冻干颗粒,本申请是在特定的造粒设备上进行,包括进液管1、蠕动泵2、液体分散器3、若干导液管4、若干针头5、固定盘6,蠕动泵2设置在进液管1上,液体分散器3设置在进液管2末端,导液管4竖直设置,其上端连接液体分散器3的各出液嘴301,出液嘴301为锥形,沿出液方向逐渐收窄,入口口径为3mm,出口口径为2mm,高15mm。针头5设置在导液管4末端,针头5固定在固定盘6上。
液体分散器3为中空的圆盘结构,各出液嘴301均匀设置在液体分散器的外周,各导液管的长度相同,各针头的型号相同。
液体分散器3和固定盘6均为圆形对称结构,确保各导液管4内的液体压力、流速相同,所有型号相同的针头5均固定在固定盘6上,可确保各针头出液速度和液滴大小一致,提高冷冻颗粒的均一性,提高生产稳定性。
分散器和固定盘为金属或耐低温材质。固定盘的材质不限于橡胶。
在蠕动泵的作用下,液体进入液体分散器3再均匀流入导液管4,最后在针头位置形成液滴,液滴滴入冷冻器皿内变成深冷冻颗粒。
对上述产品中酶活性进行定量检测,检测方法参照脱氢酶酶活测定的方法,酶、辅酶NAD和底物在一定温度和pH值的条件下反应,通过测定没分钟波长340mm处吸光度值得变化,可计算出每分钟NAD+转化为NADH的量,从而得到产品中酶的酶活。定义每分钟波长340mm处吸光度值变化0.01为1个活力单位(U)。测定体系:总反应体系3mL,其中包括缓冲液0.3mL,冻干粉0.1mL,20mmol/L13-NAD0.1mL,100mmol/L乙醛0.05mL,3mol/LKCl0.1mL,1mol/L疏基乙醇(2-Me)0.03mL和10%吡唑0.02mL。其中乙醛作为底物,K+为该酶所需金属离子,2—Me为酶抗氧化剂,吡唑为抑制剂。调节缓冲液的pH值在8左右与人体肝脏ALD活性最佳的pH值接近,不同批次产品重复试验8次,得到产品中酶活性范围为2.8—3.2U。而采用传统冻干粉生产工艺制作的乳酸菌冻干粉(不含中草药提取物)的酶活为2.0U,显著低于本申请。
本申请对酒精得降解试验:
1.取雄性实验鼠,随机分为对照组、酒精组、乳酸菌冻干粉组。各组小鼠禁食12小时,酒精组和上述乳酸菌冻干粉组均以6mg/g乙醇灌胃,对照组用同体积生理盐水灌胃。30min后乳酸菌冻干粉组用乳酸菌冻干粉灌胃(1ml/只),对照组和酒精组用同体积生理盐水灌胃。
8小时后处死小鼠,内眦取血,离心,取血清,用酒精含量(BAC)检测试剂盒在酶标仪570nm下检测血浆BAC,结果显示300分钟乳酸菌冻干粉组血浆BAC显著低于酒精组,如图4。
实验结果表明:乳酸菌冻干粉可以加速酒精降解。
Claims (6)
1.一种含乙醛脱氢酶的乳酸菌冻干粉,其特征在于:原料主要包括如下质量份的,含乙醛脱氢酶的益生菌发酵果汁冻干粉1-100份、中草药提取物1-100份、低聚果糖1-10份、果糖1-10份、葡萄糖1-10份、蔗糖1-10份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的含乙醛脱氢酶的乳酸菌冻干粉的制备方法,其特征在于:益生菌发酵果汁冻干粉将选自凝结芽孢杆菌、布氏乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、罗伊氏乳杆菌、发酵乳杆菌、乳双歧杆菌、长双歧杆菌、短双歧杆菌、两歧双歧杆菌中的一种或多种菌种于山楂汁、雪梨汁、芒果汁、苹果汁中的一种果汁或者多种果汁的混合液中于25-45℃发酵12-240h,得到发酵液,之后再添加载体混合后冻干获的含乙醛脱氢酶的益生菌冻干粉组合物:以质量百分比计添加苦参提取物1-50%,菊花提取物1-50%、枳子提取物1-50%、葛根提取物1-50%、生姜提取物1-50%、姜黄1-50%、山楂粉1-50%、橘子粉1-50%、甜橙粉1-50%、蓝莓粉1-50%、柠檬粉1-50%、苹果粉1-50%、雪梨粉1-50%、芒果粉1-50%、葡萄粉1-50%、蔓越莓粉1-50%、低聚果糖1-10%、果糖1-10%、蔗糖1-10%、葡萄糖1-10%中的一种或多种,制备成益生菌发酵中草药冻干组合物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的含乙醛脱氢酶的乳酸菌冻干粉的制备方法,其特征在于:益生菌发酵果汁冻干粉的制备过程中,菌株优选植物乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌、长双歧杆菌。
4.根据权利要求2所述的含乙醛脱氢酶的乳酸菌冻干粉的制备方法,其特征在于:益生菌冻干粉组合物是采用微粒冻干工艺,将发酵液离心,然后加入苦参提取物,菊花提取物、枳子提取物、葛根提取物、生姜提取物、姜黄山楂粉、橘子粉、甜橙粉、蓝莓粉、柠檬粉、苹果粉、雪梨粉、芒果粉、葡萄粉、蔓越莓粉中的一种或多种,混合均匀后,添加甘油溶液形成流状物料,静置乳化,然后造粒,颗粒的直径≤1.5mm,造粒结束后将颗粒入冻干机冻干,颗粒在冻干盘内的装料厚度不超过3cm,将冻干盘放入冻干舱内,冻干盘和冻干机的隔板需提前预冷到-25℃以下,放入后开始干燥,干燥分为多个阶段,不同阶段的前舱真空度不同,呈逐渐降低的趋势,不同阶段的前舱隔板温度也不同,呈逐渐升高的趋势。
5.根据权利要求4所述的含乙醛脱氢酶的乳酸菌冻干粉的制备方法,其特征在于:流状物料的固含量为10~60%。
6.根据权利要求4所述的含乙醛脱氢酶的乳酸菌冻干粉的制备方法,其特征在于:所述干燥分为5个阶段:
第一阶段,前舱的真空度控制在100Pa-150Pa,前舱隔板温度-20℃,干燥时间5h;
第二阶段,前舱的真空度控制在60Pa-100Pa,前舱隔板温度-15℃,干燥时间8h;
第三阶段,前舱的真空度控制在20Pa-40Pa,前舱隔板温度-10℃,干燥时间8h;
第四阶段,前舱的真空度控制在10Pa-20Pa,前舱隔板温度10℃,干燥时间5h;
第五阶段,前舱的真空度控制在0Pa-5Pa,前舱隔板温度25℃,干燥时间5h。
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