CN109005896B - Multi-functional sugarcane tip cutting device - Google Patents

Multi-functional sugarcane tip cutting device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109005896B
CN109005896B CN201811220395.0A CN201811220395A CN109005896B CN 109005896 B CN109005896 B CN 109005896B CN 201811220395 A CN201811220395 A CN 201811220395A CN 109005896 B CN109005896 B CN 109005896B
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China
Prior art keywords
sugarcane
cutter
lifting arm
supporting plate
tip
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CN201811220395.0A
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CN109005896A (en
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马少春
白静
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China Agricultural University
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China Agricultural University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D45/00Harvesting of standing crops
    • A01D45/10Harvesting of standing crops of sugar cane
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D57/00Delivering mechanisms for harvesters or mowers
    • A01D57/01Devices for leading crops to the mowing apparatus
    • A01D57/06Devices for leading crops to the mowing apparatus using endless conveyors

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional sugarcane tip cutting device, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. Comprises a base 1, a lifting arm I, a lifting arm II and a tip cutter which are hinged in sequence; wherein the base 1 is fixedly arranged on a sugarcane tip cutting device or a sugarcane combine harvester; two ends of the hydraulic cylinder I are respectively hinged with the base and the lifting arm I, two ends of the hydraulic cylinder II are respectively hinged with the lifting arm I and the lifting arm II, and two ends of the hydraulic cylinder III are respectively hinged with the lifting arm II and the tip cutter rotating at multiple angles. The tip cutter consists of a bracket and a cutter disc system arranged in the middle of the bracket, and the cutter disc system rotates around the bracket to cut sugarcane tips of sugarcane fixed on the outer side of the bracket. The invention has high working efficiency and simple structure, has various postures, and can realize the vertical and lodging sugarcane tip cutting at the same time through the adjustment of the hydraulic cylinder.

Description

Multi-functional sugarcane tip cutting device
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a multifunctional sugarcane tip cutting device.
Background
Sugarcane is used as a main sugar material source in China, the planting area is large, but the harvesting is still mainly performed manually. In recent years, sugarcane is moving towards mechanized harvesting, with segmented harvesting being the mainstay.
During harvesting, the sugarcane tips enter the conveying mechanism along with the sugarcane, and as the suspension speed of the sugarcane tips and the sugarcane section is basically consistent, the sugarcane tips are not easy to separate from the sugarcane leaf separating device, so that the impurity content after harvesting is greatly increased, and therefore, the sugarcane tips are required to be cut before harvesting. However, the existing tip cutter on the sugarcane harvester only has an effect on upright sugarcane, when the lodging of the sugarcane is serious, the tip cutter does not work, the sugarcane tips are fed along with the sugarcane sections, and the impurity content of the sugarcane is greatly influenced.
However, most of sugarcane in China is seriously affected by typhoon monsoon, the lodging condition is serious, and the tip cutter has no effect. Especially in the south of China, most sugarcane is planted in sloping fields and hilly areas, and is greatly influenced by typhoons and monuments, and the lodging condition is serious. Therefore, the front end of the harvester is often provided with a sugarcane supporting device, so that sugarcane in different lodging states is supported to a proper angle, and can be smoothly fed into a tip cutting device opening, and a tip cutting function is realized. However, in practical application, the lifted sugarcane often directly enters the rear conveying mechanism without entering the tip cutter opening due to the problem of angle, and the sugarcane tip cutting proportion is low.
Aiming at the current situation that the lodging rate of sugarcane in China is high, the sugarcane tip cutting device is needed to realize the function of cutting the vertical sugarcane tips of the sugarcane by the common tip cutter, and can achieve the effect on the lodged sugarcane as well, and has strong functions and strong practicability.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the problems set forth in the background art, the invention discloses a multifunctional sugarcane tip cutting device, which is characterized by comprising a base, a lifting arm I, a lifting arm II and a tip cutter which are hinged in sequence; wherein the base is fixedly arranged on the sugarcane tip cutting device or the sugarcane combine harvester; two ends of a hydraulic cylinder I are respectively hinged with the base and the lifting arm I, two ends of a hydraulic cylinder II are respectively hinged with the lifting arm I and the lifting arm II, and two ends of a hydraulic cylinder III are respectively hinged with the lifting arm II and the tip cutter rotating at multiple angles;
the tip cutter consists of a bracket and a cutter disc system arranged in the middle of the bracket, and the cutter disc system rotates around the bracket to cut sugarcane tips of sugarcane fixed on the outer side of the bracket.
The support comprises a connecting plate, a lower support plate, an upper support plate, a rear baffle, an inclined baffle and a sugarcane integration opening, wherein the lower support plate is arranged in parallel with the upper support plate, and the sugarcane integration opening is arranged at the outer end of the lower support plate; the inner side of the lower supporting plate is fixedly connected with the upper supporting plate through a rear baffle; the two inclined baffles are fixedly connected outside the two side edges of the rear baffle respectively, and the lower ends of the two inclined baffles are fixedly connected with the inner side of the lower supporting plate; the back of backplate is equipped with two connecting plates, opens on the connecting plate has two connecting holes from top to bottom, and a pair of connecting hole in two connecting plates top is used for installing the round pin II that links to each other with pneumatic cylinder III, and a pair of connecting hole in below is used for installing the round pin I that links to each other with lifting arm II.
The sugarcane integration port is located the lower support plate outside and with lower support plate integrated into one piece, and the sugarcane integration port comprises two sugarcane separating rods at both ends and central rack, and wherein the tooth width of rack is greater than the diameter of sugarcane.
The space between the tooth roots in the racks and the reduced space between the racks and the sugarcane separating rod are clamping spaces; the clamping spaces are all acute angles; the inner angle of the central clamping space is 40 degrees, and the inner angles of the clamping spaces at the two sides are 60 degrees to better clamp the sugarcane which is supported by the sugarcane supporting device after lodging.
The blade disc system is bilayer structure, includes: the upper end of the rotating shaft is rotationally connected with the hydraulic motor, the lower end of the rotating shaft is rotationally connected with the opening in the middle of the lower supporting plate, the upper cutter disc and the lower cutter disc are respectively fixedly connected with the upper part and the lower part of the rotating shaft, and four blades are arranged between the two cutter discs; the four cutting blades are arranged outside the bottom surface of the cutter disc below in the radial direction through bolts, and are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction.
The distance between the cutter disc below and the lower supporting plate is 50-80 mm.
The thickness of the cutting blade is 3-6 mm; the distance that the cutting blade extends out of the cutter disc is 70-100 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the hydraulic drive is utilized, so that the device is convenient and flexible;
2. the lifting system has multiple degrees of freedom, so that the multi-angle cutting of the cutterhead can be realized;
3. aiming at sugarcane with different planting row spacing, no row tip cutting is realized;
4. not only can the tips of the upright sugarcane be removed, but also the tips of the lodged sugarcane can be cut off;
5. simple structure, convenient operation, easy popularization and use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a construction of an embodiment of a multi-functional sugarcane tip-cutting apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the tip cutter according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a structure of a bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a curved attitude structure of a sugarcane tip-cutting arm in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a cut-and-raised cane feeding stand in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention with a sugarcane walker mounted to the front end of a combine harvester;
in the figure: 1-a base; 2-lifting arm I; 3-lifting arm II; 4-a tip cutter; 5-sugarcane; 6-sugarcane supporting device; 7-sugarcane pressing rollers; 8-cab; 21-a hydraulic cylinder I; 24-a hydraulic cylinder II; 31-pin I; 22-hydraulic cylinder III; 33-pin II; 41-a cutterhead system; 411-cutterhead; 412-a cutting blade; 413-a coupling nut; 414-leaf; 415-a spindle; 416-hydraulic motor; 42-a bracket; 421-sugarcane integration port; 422-lower support plate; 423-connecting plates; 424-connecting holes; 426-upper support plate; 427-tailgate; 428-inclined baffle; 4211-racks; 4212-sugarcane separating rods; 4213-clamping space.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below by means of the figures and examples, but the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the description.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment comprises a base 1, a lifting arm I2, a lifting arm II 3 and a tip cutter 4 which are hinged in sequence; wherein the base 1 is fixedly arranged on a sugarcane tip cutting device or a sugarcane combine harvester; two ends of a hydraulic cylinder I21 are respectively hinged with the base 1 and the lifting arm I2, two ends of a hydraulic cylinder II 24 are respectively hinged with the lifting arm I2 and the lifting arm II 3, two ends of a hydraulic cylinder III 22 are respectively hinged with the lifting arm II 3 and the tip cutter 4, and a cutter disc system 41 is rotatably connected with the center of the tip cutter 4;
the tip cutter 4 can realize bending rotation with multiple degrees of freedom under the action of the hydraulic cylinder I21, the hydraulic cylinder II 24 and the hydraulic cylinder III 22 so as to cut sugarcane tips fed from multiple angles;
during the operation of the present embodiment,
when meeting the vertically grown sugarcane 5, the hydraulic cylinder I21 and the hydraulic cylinder III 22 shrink, the hydraulic cylinder II 24 stretches, and the lifting device I2 tilts forward;
when encountering severely lodged sugarcane 5, as shown in fig. 6, the base 1 is fixedly arranged at a position between a cab 8 and a sugarcane pressing roller 7 of the sugarcane combine harvester;
the sugarcane lifter 6 lifts the sugarcane 5 to a certain angle, then carries out tip cutting, stretches the hydraulic cylinder I21 and the hydraulic cylinder III 22, contracts the hydraulic cylinder II 24, and rotates the lifting device I2 backwards (inwards) around the base 1.
The tip cutter 4 as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3 comprises: the side view of the cutter head system 41 is provided with a U-shaped bracket 42 and a cutter head system 41 arranged in the middle of the bracket 42, wherein the bracket 42 comprises a connecting plate 423, a lower supporting plate 422, an upper supporting plate 426, a rear baffle 427, an inclined baffle 428 and a sugarcane integrating port 421, the lower supporting plate 422 is arranged in parallel with the upper supporting plate 426, and the sugarcane integrating port 421 is arranged at the outer end of the lower supporting plate 422; and the inner side of the lower support plate 422 is fixedly connected with the upper support plate 426 through a rear baffle 427; the two inclined baffle plates 428 are fixedly connected to the outside of the two side edges of the rear baffle plate 427 respectively, and the lower ends of the two inclined baffle plates 428 are fixedly connected with the inner side of the lower support plate 422; the back of the back baffle 427 is provided with two connecting plates 423, the connecting plates 423 are provided with an upper connecting hole 424 and a lower connecting hole 424, a pair of connecting holes 424 above the two connecting plates 423 are used for installing a pin II 33 connected with a hydraulic cylinder III 22, and a pair of connecting holes 424 below the two connecting holes 424 are used for installing a pin I31 connected with a lifting arm II 3;
the sugarcane integrating port 421 which is positioned at the outer side of the lower supporting plate 422 and is integrally formed with the lower supporting plate 422 consists of two sugarcane separating rods 4212 at two ends and a central rack 4211, wherein the tooth width of the rack 4211 is larger than the diameter of the sugarcane 5; the two sugarcane separating rods 4212 are respectively arranged at the outer sides of the two tooth roots at the two ends;
the cutterhead system 41 is of a double-layer structure, comprising: the upper cutter disc 411, the lower cutter disc 411, the four cutting blades 412, the four blades 414, the rotating shaft 415 and the hydraulic motor 416, wherein the hydraulic motor 416 is arranged in an opening in the front half part of the upper supporting plate 426, the upper end of the rotating shaft 415 is rotationally connected with the hydraulic motor 416, the lower end of the rotating shaft 415 is rotationally connected with an opening in the middle part of the lower supporting plate 422, the upper cutter disc 411 and the lower cutter disc 411 are respectively fixedly connected with the upper part and the lower part of the rotating shaft 415, and the four blades 414 are arranged between the two cutter discs 411; the four cutting blades 412 are arranged outside the bottom surface of the cutter disc 411 below in the radial direction through bolts, and the four cutting blades 412 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction;
the space between the tooth roots in the rack 4211 plus the reduced space between the rack 4211 and the sugarcane separating rod 4212 is collectively referred to as a clamping space 4213;
in the present embodiment, the number of teeth of the rack 4211 is three, so that four clamping spaces 4213 are provided, and the four clamping spaces 4213 in the present embodiment are all acute angles; the inner angle of the two clamping spaces 4213 at both sides is 60 degrees, and the inner angle of the two clamping spaces 4213 at the center is 40 degrees; the upright sugarcane 5 can be easily and vertically fed into the middle rack 4211, and the lodged sugarcane 5 has different postures after being lifted and possibly has a certain included angle with the ground, so that the sugarcane 5 needs to be gathered together by the sugarcane separating rod 4212, and then the stalks are clamped by the clamping spaces 4213 at two sides; since the racks 4211 are parallel to the horizontal direction, if the sugar cane 5 is lodged and fed, a larger angle is required to clamp it, so the inside angle of the both side clamping spaces 4213 is larger.
In the present embodiment, four blades 414 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction;
in the present embodiment, the distance by which the cutting blade 412 protrudes from the cutter head 411 (theoretical effective cutting distance of the cutting blade 412) is 90mm, and the maximum distance by which the tip of the cutting blade 412 protrudes from the rack 4212 is 60mm;
in the present embodiment, the distance between the cutter 411 and the lower support plate 422 is 60mm, and the maximum thickness of the cutter blade 412 is 5mm;
when the embodiment works, the sugarcane 5 with sugarcane tips is clamped in each clamping space 4213 after being gathered by the sugarcane separating rods 4212, and the rotating shaft 415 drives the cutter head 411 to rotate at a high speed to cut sugarcane tips under the driving of the hydraulic motor 416; the cut sugarcane tips are thrown into the field by each blade 414 on the cutter 411;
as shown in fig. 1, the workflow of this example when encountering vertically grown sugar cane is:
1. the hydraulic cylinder I21 and the hydraulic cylinder III 22 are contracted, the hydraulic cylinder II 24 is stretched, the lifting device I2 is tilted forwards, and the lower support plate 422 is approximately in a horizontal state;
2. along with the advancing of the sugarcane 5 harvester, the sugarcane 5 is regularly fed into the sugarcane integrating port 421 in the direction perpendicular to the cutter head, and the sugarcane 5 entering the sugarcane integrating port 421 is mainly concentrated in two clamping spaces 4213 among three teeth, and enters and is fixed in the two clamping spaces 4213;
3. under the drive of the hydraulic motor 416, the rotating shaft 415 drives the cutter 411 and the cutting blade 412 bolted to the cutter 411 to rotate at a high speed, sugarcane tips fixed in the two clamping spaces 4213 are cut off under the high-speed rotation of the cutting blade 412, and then the tips are thrown into the field by the blades 414 on the cutter 411, so that the tips are cut firstly and then cut and harvested.
As shown in fig. 4, the working procedure of this embodiment when encountering severely lodged sugarcane is:
1. the hydraulic cylinder I21 and the hydraulic cylinder III 22 are stretched, the hydraulic cylinder II 24 is contracted, the lifting arm I2 rotates backwards, and the tip cutting device descends and rotates to the position, close to an angle of 40 degrees, of the lower support plate 422 and the horizontal plane under the combined action of the hydraulic cylinder and the lifting arm;
2. a sugarcane pressing roller 7 and a sugarcane lifter 6 are sequentially arranged in front of the sugarcane harvester, and sugarcane 5 lifted by the sugarcane lifter 6 can be fed into the sugarcane integrating port 421 at different angles;
3. along with the advance of the harvester of the sugarcane 5, the sugarcane lifter 6 lifts the sugarcane 5 to a certain angle, and the lodged sugarcane 5 is irregularly arranged right in front of the embodiment; after being gathered by the sugarcane separating rods 4212, the sugarcane 5 is fixed in four clamping spaces 4213;
4. under the drive of the hydraulic motor 416, the rotating shaft 415 drives the cutter 411 and the cutting blade 412 bolted to the cutter 411 to rotate at a high speed, sugarcane tips fixed in the four clamping spaces 4213 are cut off under the high-speed rotation of the cutting blade 412, and the cut sugarcane tips are thrown into the field by the blades 414 on the cutter 411, so that the tips are firstly supported and then removed.
In this workflow, the stress conditions of the irregularly arranged sugar cane 5 during cutting are different, and the sugar cane 5 farther from the center needs to be clamped more sufficiently in high-speed movement to ensure that the outer sugar cane tips are completely cut.
In the working flow, as the lodged sugarcane 5 can be fed in a plurality of different angles, the tooth width of the rack 4211 is larger than the diameter of the sugarcane 5, and the inlets of the clamping spaces 4213 on two sides have larger widths, the lodged sugarcane 5 which is in a plurality of angles with the ground after being propped up can be just clamped; therefore, the adaptability is stronger, and more convenience can be provided for mechanized tip cutting.

Claims (2)

1. The multifunctional sugarcane tip cutting device is characterized by comprising a base (1), a lifting arm I (2), a lifting arm II (3) and a tip cutter (4) which are hinged in sequence; wherein the base (1) is fixedly arranged on the sugarcane tip cutting device or the sugarcane combine harvester; two ends of a hydraulic cylinder I (21) are respectively hinged with a base (1) and a lifting arm I (2), two ends of a hydraulic cylinder II (24) are respectively hinged with the lifting arm I (2) and the lifting arm II (3), and two ends of a hydraulic cylinder III (22) are respectively hinged with the lifting arm II (3) and a multi-angle rotating tip cutter (4);
the tip cutter (4) consists of a bracket (42) and a cutter disc system (41) arranged in the middle of the bracket (42), and the cutter disc system (41) rotates around the bracket (42) to cut sugarcane tips of sugarcane fixed on the outer side of the bracket (42);
the support (42) comprises a connecting plate (423), a lower supporting plate (422), an upper supporting plate (426), a rear baffle (427), an inclined baffle (428) and a sugarcane integrating port (421), wherein the lower supporting plate (422) and the upper supporting plate (426) are arranged in parallel, and the sugarcane integrating port (421) is arranged at the outer end of the lower supporting plate (422); the inner side of the lower supporting plate (422) is fixedly connected with the upper supporting plate (426) through a rear baffle (427); the two inclined baffle plates (428) are fixedly connected outside the two side edges of the rear baffle plate (427) respectively, and the lower ends of the two inclined baffle plates (428) are fixedly connected with the inner side of the lower support plate (422); the back of the back baffle plate (427) is provided with two connecting plates (423), the connecting plates (423) are provided with an upper connecting hole and a lower connecting hole (424), a pair of connecting holes (424) above the two connecting plates (423) are used for installing a pin II (33) connected with a hydraulic cylinder III (22), and a pair of connecting holes (424) below are used for installing a pin I (31) connected with a lifting arm II (3);
the sugarcane integrating opening (421) is positioned at the outer side of the lower supporting plate (422) and is integrally formed with the lower supporting plate (422), the sugarcane integrating opening (421) is composed of two sugarcane separating rods (4212) at two ends and a central rack (4211), and the tooth width of the rack (4211) is larger than the diameter of sugarcane;
the space between the tooth roots in the rack (4211) and the reduced space between the rack (4211) and the sugarcane separating rod (4212) are clamping spaces (4213); the clamping spaces (4213) are all acute angles; the inner angle of the central clamping space (4213) is 40 degrees, and the inner angles of the two side clamping spaces (4213) are 60 degrees to better clamp the sugarcane supported by the sugarcane supporter (6) after lodging; because the lodged sugarcane (5) can be fed at various angles, the tooth width of the rack 4211 is larger than the diameter of the sugarcane (5), and the inlets of the clamping spaces 4213 on two sides have larger widths, so that the sugarcane (5) which is supported and forms various angles with the ground can be clamped;
the cutterhead system (41) is of a double-layer structure and comprises: the cutting machine comprises an upper cutter disc (411), a lower cutter disc (412), four blades (414), a rotating shaft (415) and a hydraulic motor (416), wherein the hydraulic motor (416) is arranged in an opening in the front half part of an upper supporting plate (426), the upper end of the rotating shaft (415) is rotationally connected with the hydraulic motor (416), the lower end of the rotating shaft (415) is rotationally connected with an opening in the middle part of a lower supporting plate (422), the upper cutter disc (411) and the lower cutter disc (411) are fixedly connected with the upper part and the lower part of the rotating shaft (415) respectively, and four blades (414) are arranged between the two cutter discs (411); the four cutting blades (412) are radially arranged outside the bottom surface of the cutter disc (411) below through bolts, and the four cutting blades (412) are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction;
the distance between the cutter head (411) below and the lower supporting plate (422) is 50-80 mm; the distance of the cutting blade (412) extending out of the cutter disc (411) is 70-100 mm; the distance that the cutting blade (412) extends beyond the cutterhead (411) is the effective cutting distance of the cutting blade (412).
2. A multi-function sugarcane tip-cutting apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said cutting blade (412) has a thickness of 3-6 mm.
CN201811220395.0A 2018-10-19 2018-10-19 Multi-functional sugarcane tip cutting device Active CN109005896B (en)

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Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110140518A (en) * 2019-04-28 2019-08-20 孙吴天之草汉麻新材料科技有限公司 The split type walking crudefiber crop agricultural product harvest equipment of one kind and method
CN110558040A (en) * 2019-10-24 2019-12-13 中国农业大学 Sugarcane harvester removes tip device
CN111480472A (en) * 2020-03-28 2020-08-04 无锡中维建筑机械制造有限公司 Modular pruning equipment

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JPH0515725U (en) * 1991-08-13 1993-03-02 株式会社筑豊製作所 Sugar cane reaper
CN200994285Y (en) * 2007-01-25 2007-12-26 广西大学 Tip cutter of sugarcane
CN201467705U (en) * 2009-06-04 2010-05-19 广西大学 Tip cutting mechanism of sugarcane harvester
CN203136556U (en) * 2012-11-19 2013-08-21 湖南云马华盛汽车科技有限公司 Sugarcane harvester and tip cutting device thereof
CN204796237U (en) * 2015-07-14 2015-11-25 范嘉丽 Aerofoil bend type farm machinery blade disc
CN209089439U (en) * 2018-10-19 2019-07-12 中国农业大学 A kind of multifunctional bagasse cuts tip device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103858598B (en) * 2014-03-20 2016-06-29 广西大学 A kind of sugar-cane cutting machine cut tip device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0515725U (en) * 1991-08-13 1993-03-02 株式会社筑豊製作所 Sugar cane reaper
CN200994285Y (en) * 2007-01-25 2007-12-26 广西大学 Tip cutter of sugarcane
CN201467705U (en) * 2009-06-04 2010-05-19 广西大学 Tip cutting mechanism of sugarcane harvester
CN203136556U (en) * 2012-11-19 2013-08-21 湖南云马华盛汽车科技有限公司 Sugarcane harvester and tip cutting device thereof
CN204796237U (en) * 2015-07-14 2015-11-25 范嘉丽 Aerofoil bend type farm machinery blade disc
CN209089439U (en) * 2018-10-19 2019-07-12 中国农业大学 A kind of multifunctional bagasse cuts tip device

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