CN108998213A - A kind of preparation method of walnut oil - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of walnut oil Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108998213A
CN108998213A CN201810984110.4A CN201810984110A CN108998213A CN 108998213 A CN108998213 A CN 108998213A CN 201810984110 A CN201810984110 A CN 201810984110A CN 108998213 A CN108998213 A CN 108998213A
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China
Prior art keywords
parts
preparation
walnut oil
walnut
oil
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CN201810984110.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
姜殿成
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Linjiang Shanhua Green Food Co Ltd
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Linjiang Shanhua Green Food Co Ltd
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Publication of CN108998213A publication Critical patent/CN108998213A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11BPRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/02Pretreatment
    • C11B1/04Pretreatment of vegetable raw material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11BPRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/02Pretreatment
    • C11B1/025Pretreatment by enzymes or microorganisms, living or dead
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11BPRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/16Refining fats or fatty oils by mechanical means

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of walnut oil, solve conventional method oil yield is low, nutritional ingredient vulnerable to destroy, complex process the technical issues of, belong to the technical field of plant oil making technology.The preparation method of walnut oil provided by the invention, including crushing, drying, defibrination, stirring, ultrasound, enzymatic hydrolysis and centrifugation and etc..The preparation method of walnut oil provided by the invention, simple process, mild condition, low energy consumption, and protein denaturation is few, does not destroy nutritional ingredient, and oil yield is high;The walnut oil being prepared using this method, unsaturated fatty acid content is high, and quality is good.

Description

A kind of preparation method of walnut oil
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of plant oil making technology more particularly to a kind of preparation methods of walnut oil.
Background technique
The fat content of walnut is up to 65%~70%, and shelter has first of woody oleiferous plants, there is the good reputation of " oil depot on tree ".Core Peach oil is to choose good walnut to do raw material, and the natural fruit oil juice for producing out using oil-producing technique.According to analysis, every 100 grams The fat content of walnut kernel is 63~76 grams.Its fatty main component is glyceryl linoleate, linolenic acid and olein, this It is all a bit fatty acid necessary to human body.In the international market, walnut oil is known as " east olive oil ", equally standby with olive oil It is popular with consumers.
Current walnut oil-producing technique has, mechanical expression technique, organic solvent extraction process and supercritical CO2Extraction process Deng, wherein mechanical expression technological temperature is low, simple process, it can preferably keep nutritional ingredient in walnut, but its oil yield It is relatively low 60% or so, cause production cost and the wasting of resources;Using organic solvent extraction process, recovery rate is high, processing Period is short, but will cause toxic organic solvent residual, and nutritional ingredient is destroyed in walnut oil;And it uses overcritical Carbon dioxide method for extracting, although recovery rate is high, rich in nutrition content, its complex process, equipment price is expensive, and institute Power cost to be offered is higher, is not suitable for small oil expression class production.
Summary of the invention
The present invention for traditional walnut method for producing oil oil yield low, nutritional ingredient vulnerable to destroy, the skill of complex process Art problem provides a kind of preparation method of walnut oil.
To achieve the goals above, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of preparation method of walnut oil, comprising the following steps:
(1) walnut kernel is crushed and is dried;
(2) walnut meat powder after drying is worn into slurry;
(3) parts by weights meter takes 100 parts of slurries, into slurry be added 8~12 parts of sodium carbonate, 4~8 parts of cellulases, 0.5~1 part of α-determines powder enzyme, 3~6 parts of protease and 400~600 parts of distilled water, stirs and evenly mixs;
(4) ultrasonic mixing 60~90 minutes under 50~60 DEG C, 30~35kHz, obtain enzymolysis product;
(5) enzymolysis product is centrifuged 30~60 minutes under 20~25 DEG C, the revolving speed of 8000~12000r/min, takes upper layer It is centrifuged product, obtains walnut oil.
As preferred embodiment, the drying temperature of step (1) is 40~50 DEG C, and drying time is 30~60 minutes.
As preferred embodiment, the vigor of step (3) described cellulase is >=10000 unit of activity/g.
As preferred embodiment, the vigor that step (3) described α-determines powder enzyme is >=4000 unit of activity/g.
As preferred embodiment, the vigor of step (3) described protease is >=100000 unit of activity/g.
As preferred embodiment, step (3) whipping temp is 25~35 DEG C, and pH is 6.5~6.8.
As preferred embodiment, step (3) speed of agitator is 4000~5000r/min, and mixing time is 3~5 small When.
As preferred embodiment, the ultrasonic method of step (4) is specially primary at interval of 5 minutes ultrasounds, surpasses repeatedly Sound 2~3 times.
As preferred embodiment, the preparation method of walnut oil of the invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) walnut kernel is crushed and is dried, drying temperature is 45 DEG C, and drying time is 50 minutes;
(2) walnut meat powder after drying is worn into slurry;
(3) parts by weights meter takes 100 parts of slurries, and 10 parts of sodium carbonate, 6 parts of cellulases, 0.6 part of α-are added into slurry Determine powder enzyme, 5 parts of protease and 500 parts of distilled water, stirs and evenly mixs;The vigor of cellulase is >=10000 unit of activity/g;α-is fixed The vigor of powder enzyme is >=4000 unit of activity/g;The vigor of protease is >=100000 unit of activity/g;
(4) ultrasonic mixing 80 minutes under 55 DEG C, 32kHz, it is primary at interval of 5 minutes ultrasounds, repeatedly ultrasound 3 times enzyme Solve product;
(5) enzymolysis product is centrifuged 45 minutes under 23 DEG C, the revolving speed of 10000r/min, takes upper layer to be centrifuged product, obtains core Peach oil.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
The preparation method of walnut oil provided by the invention, simple process, mild condition, low energy consumption, and protein denaturation is few, no Nutritional ingredient is destroyed, oil yield is high;The walnut oil being prepared using this method, unsaturated fatty acid content is high, and quality is good.
Specific embodiment
The preparation method of walnut oil of the invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) walnut kernel is crushed and is dried, drying temperature is 40~50 DEG C, and drying time is 30~60 minutes;
(2) walnut meat powder after drying is worn into slurry;
(3) parts by weights meter takes 100 parts of slurries, into slurry be added 8~12 parts of sodium carbonate, 4~8 parts of cellulases, 0.5~1 part of α-determines powder enzyme, 3~6 parts of protease and 400~600 parts of distilled water, stirs and evenly mixs;Sodium carbonate, cellulase, α-are fixed Powder enzyme and protease make the clasmatosis in slurry, intracellular nutritional substance release, between protein-water, protein-protein Interaction enhanced, enhancing stirs oily effect, improves oil yield, wherein the vigor of cellulase be >=10000 unit of activity/ g;The vigor that α-determines powder enzyme is >=4000 unit of activity/g;The vigor of protease is >=100000 unit of activity/g;Whipping temp It is 25~35 DEG C, pH is 6.5~6.8, and speed of agitator is 4000~5000r/min, and mixing time is 3~5 hours;Whipping temp Higher, the albumen solubility of walnut increases as the temperature rises, the stereochemical structure stretching, extension of molecule, to the adsorption capacity of oil droplet Increasing, oil yield is lower, and when temperature is higher than 65 DEG C, the protein denaturation of walnut, the intermolecular precipitating that be combined with each other, to oil droplet Adsorption capacity rapid drawdown, so oil yield sharply increases, but oil quality declines, and therefore, selecting whipping temp is 25~35 DEG C, Mild condition, protein denaturation is few, does not destroy nutritional ingredient, and utilization rate is high;Mixing time is longer, and oil yield is higher, and when friendship Class's time is more than 5 hours, and oil yield increasing degree is slow, in order to save the production cycle, reduces energy consumption, while also slurry being avoided to put Therefore setting overlong time influence quality selects mixing time for 3~5 hours;
(4) ultrasonic mixing 60~90 minutes under 50~60 DEG C, 30~35kHz, it is primary at interval of 5 minutes ultrasounds, instead Answer ultrasound 2~3 times to obtain enzymolysis product;The synergistic effect of the ultrasonic effects such as sharp pounding, cavitation and stirring using ultrasonic wave, mentions The molecular motion frequency and speed of high slurry make cell tissue generate cavitation bubble collapse, further make cell rupture, improve fuel-displaced The colleague of rate shortens extraction time, guarantees walnut oil quality;
(5) enzymolysis product is centrifuged 30~60 minutes under 20~25 DEG C, the revolving speed of 8000~12000r/min, takes upper layer It is centrifuged product, obtains walnut oil.With the increase of centrifugal rotational speed, oil yield can be improved, at 20~25 DEG C, mild condition will not Destroy the nutritional ingredient in walnut oil.
In order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand technical solution of the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment to this Invention is further detailed.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of walnut oil of the invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) walnut kernel is crushed and is dried, drying temperature is 50 DEG C, and drying time is 30 minutes;
(2) walnut meat powder after drying is worn into slurry;
(3) parts by weights meter takes 100 parts of slurries, and it is fixed that 12 parts of sodium carbonate, 8 parts of cellulases, 1 part of α-are added into slurry Powder enzyme, 6 parts of protease and 600 parts of distilled water, stir and evenly mix;The vigor of cellulase is >=10000 unit of activity/g;α-determines powder The vigor of enzyme is >=4000 unit of activity/g;The vigor of protease is >=100000 unit of activity/g;
(4) ultrasonic mixing 60 minutes under 60 DEG C, 35kHz, it is primary at interval of 5 minutes ultrasounds, repeatedly ultrasound 2 times enzyme Solve product;
(5) enzymolysis product is centrifuged 30 minutes under 20 DEG C, the revolving speed of 12000r/min, takes upper layer to be centrifuged product, obtains core Peach oil.
(6) oil yield=upper layer edible vegetable oil quality/pulp quality × 100% is calculated, obtaining oil yield is 79.6%.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of walnut oil, comprising the following steps:
(1) walnut kernel is crushed and is dried, drying temperature is 45 DEG C, and drying time is 50 minutes;
(2) walnut meat powder after drying is worn into slurry;
(3) parts by weights meter takes 100 parts of slurries, and 10 parts of sodium carbonate, 6 parts of cellulases, 0.6 part of α-are added into slurry Determine powder enzyme, 5 parts of protease and 500 parts of distilled water, stirs and evenly mixs;The vigor of cellulase is >=10000 unit of activity/g;α-is fixed The vigor of powder enzyme is >=4000 unit of activity/g;The vigor of protease is >=100000 unit of activity/g;
(4) ultrasonic mixing 80 minutes under 55 DEG C, 32kHz, it is primary at interval of 5 minutes ultrasounds, repeatedly ultrasound 3 times enzyme Solve product;
(5) enzymolysis product is centrifuged 45 minutes under 23 DEG C, the revolving speed of 10000r/min, takes upper layer to be centrifuged product, obtains core Peach oil.
(6) oil yield=upper layer edible vegetable oil quality/pulp quality × 100% is calculated, obtaining oil yield is 81.3%.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of walnut oil, comprising the following steps:
(1) walnut kernel is crushed and is dried, drying temperature is 40 DEG C, and drying time is 60 minutes;
(2) walnut meat powder after drying is worn into slurry;
(3) parts by weights meter takes 100 parts of slurries, and it is fixed that 8 parts of sodium carbonate, 4 parts of cellulases, 0.5 part of α-are added into slurry Powder enzyme, 3 parts of protease and 400 parts of distilled water, stir and evenly mix;The vigor of cellulase is >=10000 unit of activity/g;α-determines powder The vigor of enzyme is >=4000 unit of activity/g;The vigor of protease is >=100000 unit of activity/g;
(4) ultrasonic mixing 90 minutes under 50 DEG C, 30kHz, it is primary at interval of 5 minutes ultrasounds, repeatedly ultrasound 3 times enzyme Solve product;
(5) enzymolysis product is centrifuged 60 minutes under 25 DEG C, the revolving speed of 8000r/min, takes upper layer to be centrifuged product, obtains walnut Oil.
(6) oil yield=upper layer edible vegetable oil quality/pulp quality × 100% is calculated, obtaining oil yield is 80.7%.
The measurement of 4 oil quality of embodiment
According to GB/T5528-1995, GB/T5530-2005 and GB/T5538-2005 respectively to Examples 1 to 3 preparation Moisture and volatile matter content content, acid value and the peroxide value of walnut oil are measured, and as a result meet country-level walnut oil standard, in detail It is shown in Table 1.
Moisture and volatile matter content content, acid value and the determination of POV result of 1 walnut oil of table
Project Embodiment 1 Embodiment 2 Embodiment 3 Level-one walnut oil standard
Moisture and volatile matter content content (%) 0.1 0.1 0.1 ≤0.1
Acid value (mg/g) 0.9 0.8 0.9 ≤1.0
Peroxide value (mg/kg) It is not detected It is not detected It is not detected ≤5.0
5 Analysis of Nutritive Composition of embodiment
It is contained in the walnut oil for utilizing GC-MS to prepare Examples 1 to 3 using the ester-interchange method in GB-T17376-2008 Some fatty acid and its content are analyzed, wherein Mass Spectrometry Conditions: 250 DEG C of ion source temperature, electronics energy 70eV, scanning range 50~650amu.GC conditions: RTX-5MS type elastic quartz capillary tube (30m × 0.25mm × 0.25 μm);Carrier gas He, Flow velocity 1.0ML/min;Split ratio 50:1.Transmitting temperature is 250 DEG C;250 DEG C of injector temperature.Temperature programming: initial temperature 160 It DEG C maintains 30 minutes, is increased to 210 DEG C from 160 DEG C with 2 DEG C/min, keeps 1min;250 are increased to from 210 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min DEG C, keep 1min;Sample volume is 1.0 μ L.GC-MS measurement Examples 1 to 3 preparation walnut oil contained in fatty acid and Its content part table 2, wherein the content of unsaturated fatty acid is up to 98% or more.
Fatty acid contained in 2 walnut oil of table and its content (%) measurement result
Project Molecular weight Embodiment 1 Embodiment 2 Embodiment 3
Palmitinic acid 270 3.32 3.28 3.23
Linoleic acid 294 59.88 60.19 60.07
Linolenic acid 352 34.12 34.05 33.94
Stearic acid 298 1.43 1.52 1.48
11- eicosenoic acid 324 0.12 0.15 0.14
To sum up, the preparation method of walnut oil provided by the invention, simple process, mild condition, low energy consumption, protein denaturation It is few, nutritional ingredient is not destroyed, oil yield is high;The walnut oil being prepared using this method, unsaturated fatty acid content is high, quality It is good.
It is above that certain exemplary embodiments of the invention are only described by way of explanation, undoubtedly, for ability The those of ordinary skill in domain without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention can be with a variety of different modes to institute The embodiment of description is modified.Therefore, foregoing description is regarded as illustrative in nature, and should not be construed as wanting right of the present invention Ask the limitation of protection scope.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of preparation method of walnut oil, which comprises the following steps:
(1) walnut kernel is crushed and is dried;
(2) walnut meat powder after drying is worn into slurry;
(3) parts by weights meter takes 100 parts of slurries, and 8~12 parts of sodium carbonate, 4~8 parts of cellulases, 0.5~1 are added into slurry Part α-determines powder enzyme, 3~6 parts of protease and 400~600 parts of distilled water, stirs and evenly mixs;
(4) ultrasonic mixing 60~90 minutes under 50~60 DEG C, 30~35kHz, obtain enzymolysis product;
(5) enzymolysis product is centrifuged 30~60 minutes under 20~25 DEG C, the revolving speed of 8000~12000r/min, upper layer is taken to be centrifuged Product obtains walnut oil.
2. the preparation method of walnut oil as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the drying temperature of step (1) is 40~50 DEG C, drying time is 30~60 minutes.
3. the preparation method of walnut oil as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the vigor of step (3) described cellulase For >=10000 unit of activity/g.
4. the preparation method of walnut oil as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step (3) described α-determines the vigor of powder enzyme For >=4000 unit of activity/g.
5. the preparation method of walnut oil as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the vigor of step (3) described protease is >=100000 unit of activity/g.
6. the preparation method of walnut oil as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step (3) whipping temp is 25~35 DEG C, PH is 6.5~6.8.
7. the preparation method of walnut oil as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step (3) speed of agitator be 4000~ 5000r/min, mixing time are 3~5 hours.
8. the preparation method of walnut oil as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the ultrasonic method of step (4) is specially every It is primary to be spaced 5 minutes ultrasounds, ultrasound 2~3 times repeatedly.
9. the preparation method of walnut oil as described in claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
(1) walnut kernel is crushed and is dried, drying temperature is 45 DEG C, and drying time is 50 minutes;
(2) walnut meat powder after drying is worn into slurry;
(3) parts by weights meter takes 100 parts of slurries, and 10 parts of sodium carbonate, 6 parts of cellulases, 0.6 part of α-are added into slurry and determines powder Enzyme, 5 parts of protease and 500 parts of distilled water, stir and evenly mix;The vigor of cellulase is >=10000 unit of activity/g;α-determines powder enzyme Vigor be >=4000 unit of activity/g;The vigor of protease is >=100000 unit of activity/g;
(4) ultrasonic mixing 80 minutes under 55 DEG C, 32kHz, it is primary at interval of 5 minutes ultrasounds, production must be digested ultrasound 3 times repeatedly Object;
(5) enzymolysis product is centrifuged 45 minutes under 23 DEG C, the revolving speed of 10000r/min, takes upper layer to be centrifuged product, obtains walnut oil.
CN201810984110.4A 2018-06-15 2018-08-28 A kind of preparation method of walnut oil Pending CN108998213A (en)

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CN2018106180504 2018-06-15

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