CN108976465A - 一种树皮液化产物泡沫材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种树皮液化产物泡沫材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种树皮液化产物泡沫材料及其制备方法,方法包括:对树皮进行处理,得到树皮液化产物,其中,树皮液化产物的固体含量为30%~45%,单宁含量为70%~90%,pH值为3.5~5.5;在容器中加入树皮液化产物,并且加入水、交联剂和改性剂,搅拌均匀,得到混合溶液;往混合溶液里加入基体树脂,搅拌均匀后加入发泡剂,随后加入酸催化剂,搅拌均匀,得到发泡混合料;将发泡混合料放入到烘箱中,静置发泡,得到树皮液化产物泡沫材料。本发明提高了生物质材料的附加值,降低了对石化产品的依赖。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及材料领域,更具体地,涉及一种树皮液化产物泡沫材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
聚氨酯泡沫(PU)、聚苯乙烯泡沫(EPS)和酚醛树脂泡沫(PF)材料是建筑领域重要的保温隔热材料、包装领域重要的缓冲材料和切花保湿领域的花泥材料。然而,上述泡沫的原材料都来源于石化衍生物,我国是人均石化资源相对比较缺乏的国家,加上石化产品价格不断变化的今天,泡沫材料亟待升级换代。因此,有效利用生物质资源逐步替代石化产品,制备生物质基的泡沫材料就显得十分有意义。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种树皮液化产物泡沫材料及制备方法,目的在于提高生物质材料的附加值,降低对石化产品的依赖。
本发明提供了一种制备树皮液化产物泡沫材料的方法,包括:对树皮进行处理,得到树皮液化产物,其中,所述树皮液化产物的固体含量为30%~45%,单宁含量为70%~90%,pH值为3.5~5.5;在容器中加入所述树皮液化产物,并且加入水、交联剂和改性剂,搅拌均匀,得到混合溶液;往所述混合溶液里加入基体树脂,搅拌均匀后加入发泡剂,随后加入酸催化剂,搅拌均匀,得到发泡混合料;将所述发泡混合料放入到烘箱中,静置发泡,得到树皮液化产物泡沫材料。
在上述方法中,其中,所述树皮液化产物、所述水、所述交联剂和所述改性剂的质量比为10:10~30:4~10:3~6。
在上述方法中,其中,所述基体树脂、所述发泡剂和所述酸催化剂的质量比为6~10:2~6:3~6。
在上述方法中,其中,所述交联剂为甲醛、乙二醛和戊二醛中的一种或多种。
在上述方法中,其中,所述改性剂为聚乙二醇(PEG400)。
在上述方法中,其中,所述基体树脂为呋喃树脂和聚异氰酸酯树脂(pMDI)中的一种或两种。
在上述方法中,其中,所述发泡剂为吐温-80、环戊烷、正戊烷和乙醚中的一种或多种。
在上述方法中,其中,所述酸催化剂是浓度为50-60%的对甲苯磺酸水溶液和35%的磷酸水溶液中的一种或两种。
在上述方法中,其中,所述烘箱的温度为50~70℃,所述静置发泡的时间为30分钟。
本发明还提供了通过上述方法制备的树皮液化产物泡沫材料。
本发明的优点在于:利用单宁含量高的树皮液化产物具有高反应活性的多酚类物质特性,合成了硬质的生物质基泡沫材料,该泡沫材料具有优异的阻燃特性和高开孔率特性,开孔率高达90%以上,因此具有较高的吸水特性,可被广泛用于切花保湿领域,更主要的是原料来自于生物质材料,具有可再生特性。
具体实施方式
下面的实施例可以使本领域技术人员更全面地理解本发明,但不以任何方式限制本发明。以下实施例中的%在没有特别说明的情况下,均指的是质量百分比。
本发明利用树皮液化产物作为主要原料来制备生物质基的泡沫材料,其方法包括如下工艺步骤:
1)将磨碎的树皮经过热水、乙醇、丙酮、甲醇、硫酸、盐酸、氢氧化钠、亚硫酸盐中的一种或几种化学方法浸提后得到树皮液化产物,无论采用何种液化工艺,只要液化产物的性能在如下指标范围内即可。液化产物的固体含量约为30%~45%,单宁含量为70%~90%,pH值为3.5~5.5。液化产物的性能指标控制在此范围的主要目的是控制液化产物的粘度及单宁含量,粘度过高,难以操作;单宁含量过低,参与反应的类黄酮酚类结构过少,难以实现发泡;pH值严重影响液化产物的贮存期,因此控制在3.5-5.5较为适宜。
2)在发泡器皿中加入一定量的树皮液化产物,加入水、交联剂和改性剂,搅拌10-30s,直至充分混合均匀,得到均一、稳定的混合溶液;
3)往均一、稳定的混合溶液里加入一定量的基体树脂,快速搅拌均匀后加入发泡剂,随即加入酸催化剂,拌匀;
4)将搅拌均匀的发泡混合料放入到50~70℃的烘箱中,静置发泡30分钟后取出,即得孔径均匀的树皮液化产物硬质泡沫材料。
上述工艺步骤中采用如下重量份的原料:树皮液化产物10份,水10~30份,交联剂4~10份,改性剂3~6份,基体树脂6~10份,发泡剂2~6份,酸催化剂3~6份。
交联剂为甲醛、乙二醛和戊二醛中的一种或多种。
改性剂为聚乙二醇(PEG400)。
基体树脂为呋喃树脂和聚异氰酸酯树脂(pMDI)中的一种或两种。
发泡剂为吐温-80、环戊烷、正戊烷和乙醚中的一种或多种。
酸催化剂是浓度为50-60%的对甲苯磺酸水溶液和35%的磷酸水溶液中的一种或两种。
下面结合具体的实施例进行说明,以更好地理解本发明。
实施例1:
将磨碎的树皮经过热水和丙酮浸提,丙酮:水=1:1,树皮和丙酮水溶液的固液比为1:10,在50℃条件下浸提16h。经过浸提、浓缩后,树皮液化产物的固体含量为45%,单宁含量为90%,pH值为5.0。往10g树皮液化产物中加入30g水、10g甲醛和6g PEG400,搅拌30s,直至充分混合均匀,得到均一、稳定的混合溶液。往混合溶液里加入10g呋喃树脂,快速搅拌均匀后加入5g乙醚,随即加入6g浓度为65%的对甲苯磺酸溶液,拌匀。将搅拌均匀的混合料放入60℃的烘箱中,静置发泡30分钟后取出,即得孔径均匀的树皮液化产物硬质泡沫材料。
上述工艺制备所得的泡沫材料的密度为0.05g/cm3,吸水率为50%,氧指数为35%。
实施例2:
将磨碎的树皮经过热水和乙醇浸提,乙醇:水=1:1,树皮和乙醇水溶液的固液比为1:10,在40℃条件下浸提10h。经过浸提、浓缩后,树皮液化产物的固体含量为40%,单宁含量为85%,pH值为4.5。往10g树皮液化产物中加入20g水、8g甲醛和6g PEG400,搅拌30s,直至充分混合均匀,得到均一、稳定的混合溶液。往混合溶液里加入6g pMDI,快速搅拌均匀后加入6g环戊烷,随即加入5g浓度为65%的对甲苯磺酸溶液,拌匀。将搅拌均匀的混合料放入70℃的烘箱中,静置发泡30分钟后取出,即得孔径均匀的树皮液化产物硬质泡沫材料。
上述工艺制备所得的泡沫材料的密度为0.06g/cm3,吸水率为42%,氧指数为29%。
实施例3:
将磨碎的树皮经过热水和丙酮浸提,丙酮:水=1:1,树皮和丙酮水溶液的固液比为1:8,在40℃条件下浸提18h。经过浸提、浓缩后,树皮液化产物的固体含量为45%,单宁含量为90%,pH值为5.0。往10g树皮液化产物中加入20g水、10g甲醛和6g PEG400,搅拌30s,直至充分混合均匀,得到均一、稳定的混合溶液。往混合溶液里加入10g呋喃树脂和pMDI树脂(质量比为1:1),快速搅拌均匀后加入5g乙醚,随即加入4g浓度为65%的对甲苯磺酸溶液,拌匀。将搅拌均匀的混合料放入60℃的烘箱中,静置发泡30分钟后取出,即得孔径均匀的树皮液化产物硬质泡沫材料。
上述工艺制备所得的泡沫材料的密度为0.053g/cm3,吸水率为57%,氧指数为31%。
由实施例1-3制备的泡沫材料得知,泡沫的密度可以根据配方调整,泡沫总体上具有较高的氧指数和吸水率,从而说明该工艺下制备的泡沫属于难燃材料,而且在插花保湿领域具有潜在的应用价值。
本领域技术人员应理解,以上实施例仅是示例性实施例,在不背离本申请的精神和范围的情况下,可以进行多种变化、替换以及改变。
Claims (10)
1.一种制备树皮液化产物泡沫材料的方法,包括:
对树皮进行处理,得到树皮液化产物,其中,所述树皮液化产物的固体含量为30%~45%,单宁含量为70%~90%,pH值为3.5~5.5;
在容器中加入所述树皮液化产物,并且加入水、交联剂和改性剂,搅拌均匀,得到混合溶液;
往所述混合溶液里加入基体树脂,搅拌均匀后加入发泡剂,随后加入酸催化剂,搅拌均匀,得到发泡混合料;
将所述发泡混合料放入到烘箱中,静置发泡,得到树皮液化产物泡沫材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述树皮液化产物、所述水、所述交联剂和所述改性剂的质量比为10:10~30:4~10:3~6。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述基体树脂、所述发泡剂和所述酸催化剂的质量比为6~10:2~6:3~6。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述交联剂为甲醛、乙二醛和戊二醛中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述改性剂为聚乙二醇(PEG400)。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述基体树脂为呋喃树脂和聚异氰酸酯树脂(pMDI)中的一种或两种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述发泡剂为吐温-80、环戊烷、正戊烷和乙醚中的一种或多种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述酸催化剂是浓度为50-60%的对甲苯磺酸水溶液和35%的磷酸水溶液中的一种或两种。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述烘箱的温度为50~70℃,所述静置发泡的时间为30分钟。
10.根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法制备的树皮液化产物泡沫材料。
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EP2757126A1 (fr) * | 2013-01-16 | 2014-07-23 | Université de Lorraine | Mouses rigides à bases de tannins de type prorobinetidine/profisetinidine et exemptes de formaldéhyde |
CN105237795A (zh) * | 2014-07-03 | 2016-01-13 | 施华化工集团有限公司 | 用于制造基于多酚的泡沫材料的聚合物组合物,及其工艺 |
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EP2757126A1 (fr) * | 2013-01-16 | 2014-07-23 | Université de Lorraine | Mouses rigides à bases de tannins de type prorobinetidine/profisetinidine et exemptes de formaldéhyde |
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