CN108955966A - 传感器垫 - Google Patents

传感器垫 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108955966A
CN108955966A CN201810488260.6A CN201810488260A CN108955966A CN 108955966 A CN108955966 A CN 108955966A CN 201810488260 A CN201810488260 A CN 201810488260A CN 108955966 A CN108955966 A CN 108955966A
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sensor
layer
trace
inner face
conductive ink
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K·德尔维希
H·葛瓦
J·L·罗伯茨
G·H·唐
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Impact Tech Labs AG
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Impact Tech Labs AG
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
    • G01L1/205—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using distributed sensing elements
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    • G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
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    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
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    • G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
    • G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
    • G01L1/2287—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges constructional details of the strain gauges
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    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/0052—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes measuring forces due to impact
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Abstract

传感器垫。提供一种传感器，包括：具有内面的第一衬垫材料层(10)和具有内面的第二衬垫材料层(12)。该两个层的内面彼此面对。第一层(10)的内面设置有第一印刷导电墨迹线(13)，且第二层(12)的内面设置有第二印刷导电墨迹线(15)。印刷导电墨迹线中的至少一个沿着在多个间隔位置处的多条路线横穿垫。第一层上的第一墨迹线在多个位置处与第二层上的第二墨迹线相交。层中的至少一个在其内表面上设置有多个凸起部(12)，多个凸起部在层的面上布置在导电墨迹线的相邻路线之间且面对另一层的内面，以在传感器垫未被施加压力时保持两个墨迹线分开，在向垫施加压力时，所述多个凸起部可压缩变形以允许第一墨迹线与第二墨迹线之间的局部接触。

Description

传感器垫
技术领域
本发明涉及传感器垫。特别是，本发明涉及用于可穿戴服装的传感器垫，以便感测对穿戴这种垫的用户的身体的撞击。
背景技术
在可穿戴服装中，特别是上身穿戴的服装，需要传感器垫覆盖该服装的相当大区域，诸如在许多运动或休闲活动中，穿戴者将在服装的任何部分上受到撞击。即使对于诸如鞋类和帽子的服装来说，也需要可以在广泛区域内操作的传感器垫。另外，要求该垫是柔性的，因为该垫需要围绕身体的轮廓弯曲。
现有压力传感器通常被设计成覆盖小区域并且通常是平坦的。一个示例是由Sensitronics LLC生产的ShuntMode矩阵阵列样品(如图1和图2所示)。
这种传感器由力敏电阻油墨1构成，该油墨可以被丝网印刷在一膜2上，而另一膜3印刷有导电叉指式电极指4。这两个膜装配有彼此面对的印刷表面并且与围绕周长的间隔体粘附在一起。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种可以更容易适于可穿戴服装要求的传感器。
根据本发明，提供了一种根据权利要求1所述的传感器。
本发明有效地使间隔层跨该传感器的面伸展而不是围绕该传感器的外围。因此，一旦力被去除，其更容易吸收朝向较大垫的中心的撞击并使层返回至它们的撞击前构造。而且，该传感器可以围绕更复杂的形状弯曲，同时跨内表面的突出物将在这些层之间在任何弯曲区域中提供周边空间无法做到的所要求支撑。
所述第一印刷导电墨迹线(track)和第二印刷导电墨迹线中的每个都可以是在任一端部处具有连接点的单条迹线。但是，这样的传感器将无法确定关于传感器垫上的撞击位置的信息。因此，优选地，所述印刷导电墨迹线中的至少一个包括多条分立(discreet)迹线。
通过使多条迹线在所述层中的至少一个上，因为传感器可以识别哪些分立迹线已经受到撞击，所以可以确定关于所述垫的撞击位置的信息。所述第一印刷导电墨迹线和第二印刷导电墨迹线两者都可以被设置为多条分立迹线，因为这在确定撞击位置方面提供了最大灵活性。然而，这会使结构复杂化，因为每条单独迹线都需要自己的连接点。因此，优选地，印刷导电墨迹线中的仅一个具有多条路径，而另一迹线具有单条曲折路径。
所述传感器还可以包括设置在该传感器的一侧上的撞击吸收层。所述传感器还可以包括在所述撞击吸收层内的撞击消散层。该层跨所述传感器吸收和/或分布任何吸收力，以减少对该传感器所在的物体的任何损坏。
本发明优选地延伸至包括根据本发明的第一方面的至少一个传感器垫的可穿戴服装。
附图说明
下面参照附图对根据本发明的传感器垫的示例进行描述，其中：
图1是现有技术传感器垫的示意性横截面；
图2是类似于图1的视图，其示出了被拆开的传感器垫；
图3是根据本发明的第一示例的垫的层的平面图；
图4是贯穿第一示例的垫的横截面图；
图5是第二示例的层的平面图；
图6是图5中未示出的另一层的示意性平面图；
图7是示出被叠加到制成的传感器中的图5和图6的去除了细节的示意性平面图；
图8是示出传感器的第三示例的与图7类似的视图；
图9A是根据本发明的第二方面的服装的正视图；
图9B是图9A的服装的后视图；
图9C是图9A和图9B的服装的立体图；
图9D是图9A至图9C的服装的俯视图；以及
图10是贯穿结合本发明的第一方面的传感器的垫的各层的示意性横截面。
具体实施方式
如图3和图4所示，该传感器垫包括第一衬垫材料层10和第二衬垫材料层11。该衬垫材料例如可以是热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)或硅橡胶。第一衬垫层10设置有一行突出物12，每个突出物12都沿跨该垫的方向延长。突出物12沿着垫在正交方向上布置。针对这些突出物的重要考虑是它们跨该垫的面分散。因此，它们可以穿过图3中的页面而不是在页面之下。另选地，这里所示的每个延长突出物被分成多个更小部分。这些突出物都被示出在单层上，但可以跨两个层10、11分开。
在突出物12之间是单条印刷曲折导电迹线13，该导电迹线连接至地，地再次需要跨垫的面散布。如该示例中所示，迹线13缠绕突出物12。如这里例示，在相邻突出物12之间存在迹线的两条路线。然而，在迹线13的相邻路线之间的区域14中可以存在额外突出物12。
第二层11印刷有另一导电墨迹线15。该墨迹线应当沿大致横向于第二导电墨迹线13的方向的方向行进，以创建尽可能多的交叉点。图4中的第二导电墨迹线15优选采取多条分立迹线的形式，其中，跨每条迹线连接电压，如在后面的示例中更详细地示出的。
如将从图4明白，突出物12在未加载构造中保持印刷导电迹线13、15彼此远离。当该垫经历撞击时，这导致突出物12的压缩，从而使导电迹线13、15彼此接触。
图5至图7示出了第二示例。在这种情况下，第一导电墨迹线是设置在没有突出物的垫上的单条接地曲折迹线21。第二导电墨迹线22形成为多条分立路径，其中，跨在相邻突出物23之间延伸的每条路径连接电压。图7中例示了两层之间的交叠，多个交叉点是显而易见的。
参照图7，如果在区域R上受到撞击，则底部两条迹线22将被迫与接地迹线21接触，使得传感器将记录对底部两条迹线的撞击。如这里配置的，该传感器无法确定沿着迹线22受到撞击的位置，只能确定是受到撞击的两条迹线。如果需要更好的精度，则每条迹线22都可以被分成多个短分立区段，每个分立区段都可以分别记录撞击。相对轻微撞击将在迹线21、22之间提供更小接触面积。另一方面，更大影响将提供更大接触面积。这影响跨每条迹线22连接的电压，使得传感器能够确定撞击力的幅值。
图8中示出了另一示例。这示出了导电迹线30中的一个现在可以具有环状构造。在这种情况下，存在四个分立且大致同心环31，每个环都终止于形成导电迹线之一的其自己的连接器。单个中央传感器33也设置在最内环31内。
第二导电迹线32是类似于图5中所示的单条接地曲折迹线。图8中未示出所述突出物，但是突出物优选地是在曲折迹线32的相邻路线之间的延长元件。它们同样可以被配置成在环31之间适配，但这需要更复杂的构造。
与之前示例一样，导电迹线30中的每个都能够独立地感测到其已经受到撞击并且感测到该撞击的幅值。因此，再次地，传感器的布局应当根据可能的预期撞击来进行配置。
下面参照图9A至图9D以及图10对可以应用前述传感器的服装进行描述。
图9A至图9D示出了作为旨在由橄榄球运动员使用的一种衬垫衬层的衬垫顶部。如本申请中其它地方所述的，本发明可应用于要求撞击保护的一般可穿戴服装。虽然图9A至图9D所示的顶部被用作例示，但应当容易明白，对于其它这种服装来说，撞击吸收垫被放置在最有可能受到撞击的区域中。
如图9A至图9C所示，服装101包括五个撞击吸收垫102，其包括一对肩垫、一对上臂垫以及一个胸垫。朝向服装101背面的上部是控制模块103。这被柔软层104包围，以为穿着该服装的人以及撞击他们的任何人提供舒适感。控制模块103经由导电线105连接至每个垫102。线105可以简单为保持在服装的层之间的导线，使得该导线不妨碍穿戴者。
垫的数量和定位仅作为一个示例来提供。可能有更少的垫(例如仅肩垫)或附加垫(诸如保护肋骨的垫)。
图10更详细地示出了垫102的结构。该垫被夹在外部织物层110与内部织物层111之间。该垫由撞击吸收层112构成。这可以由诸如发泡弹性体、热塑性弹性体、发泡热塑性弹性体或任何合适的柔顺材料制成。该层112通常小于100mm厚，更优选小于50mm厚，并且最优选小于20mm厚。在撞击吸收材料112内是撞击消散层113。这是可选层。这可以在制造时嵌入撞击吸收材料中。另选地，该撞击吸收材料112可以由夹在撞击消散层113周围的两个部分形成。该撞击消散层113可以是高撞击工程聚合物(诸如聚碳酸酯或尼龙)、玻璃纤维或碳纤维复合材料、双轴取向膜或提供高挠曲强度、高抗穿刺性以及挠性的任何其它材料。
在撞击吸收材料112与内部织物层111之间是图3至图8的传感器。

Claims (6)

1.一种传感器，所述传感器包括：具有内面的第一衬垫材料层和具有内面的第二衬垫材料层，两个所述层的所述内面彼此面对；所述第一衬垫材料层的所述内面设置有第一印刷导电墨迹线；所述第二衬垫材料层的所述内面设置有第二印刷导电墨迹线；其中，所述印刷迹线中的至少一个沿着在多个间隔位置处的多条路线横穿所述垫，所述第一衬垫材料层上的所述第一印刷导电墨迹线在多个位置处与所述第二衬垫材料层上的所述第二印刷导电墨迹线相交；所述层中的至少一个在其内表面上设置有多个凸起部，所述多个凸起部在所述层的所述面上布置在所述导电迹线的相邻路线之间，并且面对另一层的所述内面，以在传感器垫未被施加压力时保持两条所述迹线分开，而在所述垫被施加压力时，所述多个凸起部能够压缩变形，以允许所述第一印刷导电墨迹线与所述第二印刷导电墨迹线之间的局部接触。
2.根据权利要求1所述的传感器，其中，所述印刷导电墨迹线中的至少一个包括多条分立墨迹线。
3.根据权利要求1或权利要求2所述的传感器，其中，所述印刷导电墨迹线中的至少一个具有单条曲折路径。
4.根据任何前述权利要求所述的传感器，所述传感器还包括设置在所述传感器的一侧上的撞击吸收层。
5.根据权利要求4所述的传感器，所述传感器还包括在所述撞击吸收层内的撞击消散层。
6.一种可穿戴服装，所述可穿戴服装包括至少一个根据任何前述权利要求所述的传感器垫。
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