CN108929642A - 一种耐增塑剂析出汽车用pvc焊缝密封胶及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种耐增塑剂析出汽车用pvc焊缝密封胶及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108929642A
CN108929642A CN201710388553.2A CN201710388553A CN108929642A CN 108929642 A CN108929642 A CN 108929642A CN 201710388553 A CN201710388553 A CN 201710388553A CN 108929642 A CN108929642 A CN 108929642A
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吴友华
李想
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Liaoning Tianyu Adhesive Co Ltd
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Abstract

一种耐增塑剂析出汽车用PVC焊缝密封胶,该PVC焊缝密封胶由以下质量分数的组分组成:增塑剂25~35份,树脂22~40份,稳定剂2~4份,吸湿剂3~7份,颜料1~3份,溶剂2~6份,填料25~35份,所述树脂为PVC树脂及增粘树脂的混合物,PVC树脂与增粘树脂所占比例为3‑8.5:1。本发明耐增塑剂析出,能够满足23℃、60%RH条件下至少48小时增塑剂不析出,满足绝大多数汽车主机厂正常周末压线需求;产品性能优越,具有良好的机械性能;与漆面配合性良好,尤其是主流水性漆;成本相对较低,能够满足市场需求。

Description

一种耐增塑剂析出汽车用PVC焊缝密封胶及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于汽车制造领域,具体涉及一种耐增塑剂析出汽车用PVC焊缝密封胶。
背景技术
PVC焊缝密封胶是以聚氯乙烯树脂为主体材料并复合增塑剂及各种助剂填料而成,常温下为假塑性流体,当温度达到80℃时开始出现粘度增加现象,当加热温度达到130℃-140℃时可塑化成具有一定机械强度的弹性体。但由于该材料属于多种物质通过机械混合而成,在整个生产过程中无化学变化,所以各组分间融合性相对较差,在长时间的静止过程中会发生增塑剂离析的现象。现有的技术配方中在打胶压线后,PVC焊缝密封胶的底部容易出现增塑剂迁移的现象,由于增塑剂极难挥发,迁移出的增塑剂会残留在车身电泳漆板上,在中涂漆与电泳漆间形成一层液膜,直接影响两种漆的交联配合,进而导致后期电泳漆与中面涂漆配合情况较差,影响整车质量。
现存一种以聚酯增塑剂为主体增塑剂的配方结构,其主体材料为聚酯增塑剂、通用型增塑剂、PVC树脂、纳米填料等材料配合达到耐增塑剂析出的效果,但是由于聚酯增塑剂自身性质所致,析出时间基本维持在24h左右,无法满足周末压线的要求,生产出来的产品存在硬度较高、伸长率较低、稠度较大等情况,不利于产品性能,且聚酯增塑剂造价较高,不利于成本控制。
因此,研制一种新型的耐增塑剂析出PVC焊缝密封胶,是目前亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种新型的PVC焊缝密封胶,可耐增塑剂析出,防止出现增塑剂迁移现象。
本发明的目的是这样实现的:一种耐增塑剂析出汽车用PVC焊缝密封胶按重量份含有以下组分:增塑剂25~35份,树脂22~40份,稳定剂2~4份,吸湿剂3~7份,颜料1~3份,溶剂2~6份,填料25~35份。其中树脂包含PVC树脂及增粘树脂,PVC树脂与增粘树脂所占比例为3-8.5:1。
优选的,该PVC焊缝密封胶由以下质量分数的组分组成:所述增塑剂26份,树脂34.7份,稳定剂2份,吸湿剂4份,颜料1份,溶剂6份,填料26份。
优选的,该PVC焊缝密封胶由以下质量分数的组分组成:增塑剂25份,树脂40份,稳定剂2份,吸湿剂3份,颜料3份,溶剂6份,填料25份。
优选的,该PVC焊缝密封胶由以下质量分数的组分组成:增塑剂35份,树脂22份,稳定剂4份,吸湿剂7份,颜料1份,溶剂2份,填料35份。
增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二辛脂、邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯、己二酸二辛脂、环氧大豆油的一种或两种以上混合使用。
PVC树脂为PVC均聚树脂和PVC共聚树脂中的一种或两种混合使用;增粘树脂为低分子聚酰胺或低分子聚酰胺与封端聚氨酯混合使用。
稳定剂为钙锌稳定剂。
吸湿剂为医用氧化钙或改性氧化钙。
颜料根据所需要产品的颜色选择钛白粉、炭黑等。
溶剂为直链的烷烃溶剂、异构烷烃溶剂的一种或两种混合使用。
填料为纳米碳酸钙、云母、硅藻土、高岭土其中的一种或两种以上混合使用。
一种耐增塑剂析出汽车用PVC焊缝密封胶的制备方法,该方法包括如下步骤:加入增塑剂与增粘树脂混合搅拌10min使其充分混合,加入稳定剂、吸湿剂、颜料、填料,搅拌5min后加入PVC树脂,充分混合15min后,加入溶剂搅拌5min即可进行研磨分散,研磨分散完成后即可脱气熟化,脱气是压力应达到-0.08MPa,脱气时间视物料含量决定,即得。
本发明与现有技术相比,优点在于。
1、耐增塑剂析出,能够满足23℃、60%RH条件下至少48小时增塑剂不析出,满足绝大多数汽车主机厂正常周末压线需求。
2、产品性能优越,具有良好的机械性能:拉伸强度达到2.0 MPa,断裂伸长率达到300%,剪切强度达到1.8 MPa,邵氏硬度达到52邵A。
3、与漆面配合性良好,尤其是近年来环保意识的提升,传统油性漆逐渐被主流水性漆取代,而PVC焊缝密封胶所采用的增塑剂及溶剂。
4、与市场相同质量PVC焊缝密封胶相比,成本相对较低,大约低于同类产品10%,能够满足现有的汽车市场需求。
具体实施方式
以下是对本发明的进一步说明,而不是对本发明的限制。
实施例1。
加入环氧大豆油16份,邻苯二甲酸二辛酯10份与低分子聚酰胺3.5份,封端聚氨酯1.2份混合搅拌10min使其充分混合,加入钙锌稳定剂2份、医用氧化钙4份、钛白粉1份、纳米碳酸钙26份,搅拌5min后加入PVC共聚树脂15份,PVC均聚树脂15份,充分混合15min后,加入溶剂6份搅拌5min即可进行研磨分散,研磨分散完成后即可脱气熟化,脱气是压力应达到-0.08MPa,脱气时间视物料含量决定,即得。
实施例2。
一、树脂及树脂组分比例的筛选试验。
试验分为5组,在其余组分不变的情况下,以不同比例的PVC树脂和增粘树脂混合使用,检测各组物质在23℃、60%RH条件下析出时间及附着力。具体结果见下表。
由试验结果可见,当选用PVC树脂和增粘树脂时,比例在3-8.5:1的范围内,析出时间可达48小时以上,满足周末压线的需要,但当二者的比例低于3:1或高于8.5:1时,析出时间均不理想。
二、增塑剂的筛选试验。
试验分为5组,在其余组分不变的情况下,加入不同份数的增塑剂,检测各组物质在23℃、60%RH条件下析出时间及粘度。具体结果见下表。
由试验结果可见,当增塑剂的范围在25-35份时,耐增塑剂析出的效果均可以满足要求,但是当增塑剂添加量为22时由于粘度较大,不利于施工,而不可选择,而当增塑剂含量达到37份时由于增塑剂含量过高而导致其析出。故当增塑剂的范围在25-35份时,耐增塑剂析出的效果最好。
三、稳定剂的筛选试验。
实验分为5组,在其余组分不变的情况下,分别选择不同组分的稳定剂(1-5份),检测各组物质在23℃、60%RH条件下析出时间及稳定性(160℃下的变色程度)。具体结果见下表。
由试验结果可见,稳定剂对于增塑剂的析出时间影响不大,但会影响其稳定性,由于其价格昂贵最终选择稳定剂的份数为2-4份。
四、溶剂的筛选试验。
实验分为5组,在其余组分不变的情况下,分别选择不同组分的溶剂(1,2,4,6和8份),检测各组物质在23℃、60%RH条件下析出时间,粘度和不挥发物质的含量。具体结果见下表。
由试验结果可见,当溶剂的范围在2-6份时,耐增塑剂析出的效果最好,优选6份,且能满足不挥发物质含量及粘度的要求。
实施例3。
邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯15份,邻苯二甲酸二辛脂10份,PVC共聚树脂10份,PVC均聚树脂10份,低分子聚酰胺3份,封端聚氨酯1份,钙锌稳定剂2份,医用氧化钙3份、钛白粉1份,纳米碳酸钙20份,云母5份,直链的烷烃溶剂3份。
实施例4。
邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯18份,环氧大豆油5份,邻苯二甲酸二辛酯5份,PVC共聚树脂15份,PVC均聚树脂10份,低分子聚酰胺3.5份,封端聚氨酯1.2份,钙锌稳定剂3份,改性氧化钙6份、钛白粉2份,纳米碳酸钙25份,高岭土3份,芳香烃溶剂4份。
实施例5。
环氧大豆油18份,邻苯二甲酸二辛酯12份,PVC共聚树脂13份,PVC均聚树脂15份,低分子聚酰胺3.9份,封端聚氨酯1.3份,钙锌稳定剂3份,改性氧化钙5份、炭黑1份,纳米碳酸钙25份,硅藻土5份,直链的烷烃溶剂5份。
实施例6。
环氧大豆油18份,邻苯二甲酸二辛酯,15份,PVC共聚树脂13份,PVC均聚树脂17份,低分子聚酰胺4.2份,封端聚氨酯1. 4份,钙锌稳定剂4份,改性氧化钙6份、炭黑1份,纳米碳酸钙25份,云母8,异构烷烃溶剂6份。
实施例7。
环氧大豆油16份,邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯19份,PVC共聚树脂17份,PVC均聚树脂17份,低分子聚酰胺4.5份,封端聚氨酯1.5份,钙锌稳定剂4份,医用氧化钙7份、钛白粉3份,纳米碳酸钙26份,高岭土4份,硅藻土5份,脱芳溶剂6份。

Claims (10)

1.一种耐增塑剂析出汽车用PVC焊缝密封胶,其特征在于该PVC焊缝密封胶由以下质量分数的组分组成:增塑剂25~35份,树脂22~40份,稳定剂2~4份,吸湿剂3~7份,颜料1~3份,溶剂2~6份,填料25~35份,所述树脂为PVC树脂及增粘树脂的混合物,PVC树脂与增粘树脂所占比例为3-8.5:1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐增塑剂析出汽车用PVC焊缝密封胶,其特征在于该PVC焊缝密封胶由以下质量分数的组分组成:增塑剂26份,树脂34.7份,稳定剂2份,吸湿剂4份,颜料1份,溶剂6份,填料26份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的耐增塑剂析出汽车用PVC焊缝密封胶,其特征在于该PVC焊缝密封胶由以下质量分数的组分组成:增塑剂25份,树脂40份,稳定剂2份,吸湿剂3份,颜料3份,溶剂6份,填料25份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的耐增塑剂析出汽车用PVC焊缝密封胶,其特征在于该PVC焊缝密封胶由以下质量分数的组分组成:增塑剂35份,树脂22份,稳定剂4份,吸湿剂7份,颜料1份,溶剂2份,填料35份。
5.根据权利要求1所述的耐增塑剂析出汽车用PVC焊缝密封胶,其特征在于所述增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二辛脂、邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯、己二酸二辛脂、环氧大豆油的一种或两种以上混合使用。
6.根据权利要求1所述的耐增塑剂析出汽车用PVC焊缝密封胶,其特征在于所述PVC树脂为PVC均聚树脂和PVC共聚树脂中的一种或两种混合共用;增粘树脂为低分子聚酰胺或低分子聚酰胺与封端聚氨酯混合物。
7.根据权利要求1所述的耐增塑剂析出汽车用PVC焊缝密封胶,其特征在于所述稳定剂为钙锌稳定剂,所述吸湿剂为医用氧化钙或改性氧化钙,所述颜料根据所需要产品的颜色选择炭黑、钛白粉等。
8.根据权利要求1所述的耐增塑剂析出汽车用PVC焊缝密封胶,其特征在于所述溶剂为直链的烷烃溶剂、芳香烃溶剂、脱芳溶剂、异构烷烃溶剂的一种或两种以上混合使用。
9.根据权利要求1所述的耐增塑剂析出汽车用PVC焊缝密封胶,其特征在于所述填料为纳米碳酸钙、云母、硅藻土、高岭土其中的一种或两种以上混合使用。
10.一种权利要求1所述耐增塑剂析出汽车用PVC焊缝密封胶的制备方法,其特征在于该方法包括如下步骤:加入增塑剂与增粘树脂混合搅拌10min使其充分混合,加入稳定剂、吸湿剂、颜料、填料,搅拌5min后加入PVC树脂,充分混合15min后,加入溶剂搅拌5min即可进行研磨分散,研磨分散完成后即可脱气熟化,脱气时压力应达到-0.08MPa,脱气时间视物料含量决定,即得。
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