CN108901819A - One main laver nursery shell cleaning and brushing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a washing machine for seaweed seedling raising shells, which is characterized in that it comprises: a conveyor for transporting plastic baskets filled with shells; The pressing disc under the brush is used to compress the shells. The upper box body moves vertically up and down and horizontally left and right through the vertical movement mechanism and horizontal movement mechanism of the upper box to clean the shells in the plastic basket; the water spray mechanism, It is used for wetting shells and rinsing plastic baskets; the electric control device is used to control the conveyor, vertical movement mechanism, horizontal movement mechanism and water spray mechanism; using this equipment to wash shells not only improves the washing efficiency and quality, but also reduces the Labor costs.

Description

A seaweed seedling raising shell washing machine

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of seed cultivation in the cultivation and production of laver, and in particular relates to a shell washing machine for cultivating laver seedlings.

Background technique

The conventional seedling raising process is that the reproductive cells on the leaves of Porphyra porphyra in spring mature and fertilize, produce fruit spores, and then collect the scattered fruit spores on the shells, make them drill into the shells, and cultivate the shell filaments indoors, and the filaments develop in autumn Ascospores are collected, and then the ascospores are collected on the net curtain, and finally put into the sea to cultivate the fronds.

The entire seedling raising process takes half a year. During the seedling raising process, the most common thing to do is to wash the shells. Taking Porphyra twangiban as an example, the fruit spores need to be washed for the first time 10-15 days after the seedlings are picked. In the early stage, due to the strong light control, the algae multiply quickly, and the number of washings is high. It depends on the attachment of algae and dirt. Generally, it can be washed once every two weeks. When washing, it is necessary to avoid damaging the shell surface and destroying the algae filaments. Therefore, the shells need to be washed more than ten times during the entire seedling cultivation process.

At present, there is no special equipment for washing shells after inoculation on the market, and the work of washing shells in nursery plants is usually done manually by workers. The working environment is poor, and workers usually have to wash shells in the water that overflows their feet. If it is February and March, the water temperature is still relatively low, and working for a long time will seriously affect the health of workers. The most important thing is the low efficiency. It takes five workers more than two hours to wash the shells in a 50-square-meter pool. A small and medium-sized nursery factory pays tens of thousands of wages for just shelling in a year. Seedling plants need a way to replace manual scrubbing to improve efficiency and reduce production costs. At the same time, the seedling factory is also trying to use other methods or equipment, such as directly washing the shells with a water gun, but the effect is not ideal, and the surface of the shells is easy to get dirty.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problem that the cleaning of shells in seedling cultivation plants is usually done manually by workers, the present invention proposes a washing machine for seaweed seedling cultivation shells, so as to achieve the purpose of realizing mechanized operation and improving the cleaning efficiency.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

A laver seedling raising shell washing machine is characterized in that it comprises:

Conveyors for conveying plastic baskets containing shells;

There is a brush shaft box under the upper box, a brush is arranged under the brush shaft box, and a pressing disc is provided under the brush for pressing the shells. The upper box body uses a vertical movement mechanism and a horizontal movement mechanism to make the brush shaft box Realize vertical up and down movement and horizontal left and right movement, and clean the shells in the plastic basket;

Water spray mechanism for wetting shells and rinsing plastic baskets;

The electric control device is used to control the conveyor, the vertical movement mechanism, the horizontal movement mechanism and the water spray mechanism.

Further, the conveyor is provided with a conveyor belt, the plastic basket is placed on the conveyor belt, and a photoelectric sensor is also provided on the conveyor to detect the position of the plastic basket and feed back the detection signal to the electric control device to realize Control the conveyor to stop or start.

Further, the left and right sides of the upper box are provided with pulleys, and the pulleys are in contact with the slide rails fixed on the machine casing. A water retaining plate is respectively provided on the front and rear sides of the upper box, and the lower parts of the two water retaining plates are respectively A row of water spouts is provided.

Further, the water spray port is connected to a water spray mechanism through a water pipe, and the water spray mechanism includes a water tank, a plunger pump and a motor, and the water pipe is provided with an electromagnetic flow control valve and an overflow valve.

Further, guide holes are provided on the left and right sides of the upper box body, a guide shaft is provided in the guide hole, a pressure plate is provided at the lower part of the guide shaft, and a pressure spring is outside the guide shaft.

Further, a lead screw is installed in the middle of the upper part of the brush shaft box, the two ends of the lead screw are connected with the bearing seat, the bearing seat is fixed on the bottom surface of the upper box, the limit switch is installed on the left side of the right bearing seat, and light The two ends of the light rod are fixedly connected to the hanging flange seat, and the hanging flange seat is fixed on the bottom of the upper box. A large pulley is installed on the left end of the screw. The large pulley is connected with the small pulley through a belt, and the small pulley The wheel is connected to the motor through a shaft coupling, and the motor and the small pulley are installed in the upper box.

Further, two rows of brush shafts are installed in the brush shaft box, and each brush shaft is supported by two ball bearings. The upper end of the brush shaft and the pulley are connected by a flat key. Fixed on the brush shaft, the brush shaft is a floating structure, composed of a sleeve and a sliding shaft, the sleeve and the sliding shaft are connected by a flat key, the upper end of the sliding shaft is equipped with a spring, the lower end of the sleeve is equipped with a nut, and the lower end of the sliding shaft passes through a threaded cylinder The pin is fixedly connected with the hairbrush, and the upper end of the hairbrush has a cylindrical hole.

Further, the deceleration motor in the brush shaft box is equipped with a pulley and is connected with the pulley on one of the brush shafts by a polyurethane round belt, and the other brush shafts are sequentially connected in series by polyurethane round belts.

Further, the vertical movement mechanism is installed behind the upper box, and the vertical movement mechanism is composed of a screw, a nut, a coupling, a motor, a bearing and a bearing end cover, the nut is fixedly connected to the upper box, the nut is connected to the lead screw, and the lead screw Bearings and bearing end covers are installed at both ends, the lead screw is connected to the motor through a coupling, limit switches are installed on the slide rail of the vertical movement mechanism, and the casing of the vertical movement mechanism is fixedly connected with the machine casing.

Further, the four corners of the pressure plate are fixedly connected with the four guide shafts through nuts respectively, and the upper end of the guide shaft is installed in the guide hole of the upper box body. There is a clearance fit between the hole and the shaft, and a compression spring is installed in the middle of the guide shaft. A pressure sensor is mounted on the pressure plate.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The present invention changes the original manual cleaning method, and puts shells neatly in plastic baskets to raise seedlings, and puts them back into the pool after washing. When washing, in addition to brushing the shells, in order to remove the residual dirt on the shells and baskets after brushing, a high-pressure water gun is also used to clean, which better guarantees the washing effect. At the same time, the washing efficiency has been greatly improved. According to preliminary estimates, the time for washing a pool of shells will be shortened by at least half, and the number of hired workers will also be reduced by more than half. Using this equipment to wash shells not only improves the washing efficiency and quality, but also reduces labor costs. cost. The cleaning effect is remarkable, which can save time and reduce labor costs. By placing the shells in plastic baskets, it can also ensure that the shells are neat and solve the problem of shells being placed indiscriminately.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the washing machine.

Figure 2 is a side view of the scrubber.

Fig. 3 is a top view structure diagram of the scrubber.

Fig. 4 is a diagram of the internal structure of the brush shaft box.

Fig. 5 is a top structural view of the brush shaft box.

Fig. 6 is a structural diagram in the direction of A-A.

Fig. 7 is a structural diagram of the pressure plate.

In the figure: conveyor 1; plastic basket 2; upper box 3; brush shaft box 4; brush 5; pressing plate 6; electric control device 7; photoelectric sensor 8; Water nozzle 12; Water tank 13; Piston pump 14; Water supply motor 15; Electromagnetic flow control valve 16; Overflow valve 17; Guide hole 18; Guide shaft 19; Lead screw 20; Motor 23; Gear motor 24; Round belt 25; Axle sleeve 26; Slide shaft 27;

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described:

As shown in Figure 1-7, a laver seedling raising shell washing machine is characterized in that it comprises:

Conveyor 1 for transporting plastic baskets 2 filled with shells;

The bottom of the upper box 3 is provided with a brush shaft box, the bottom of the brush shaft box 4 is provided with a hair brush, and the pressing plate 6 provided below the hair brush 5 is used to compress the shells. Make the brush shaft box move vertically up and down and horizontally left and right to scrub the shells in the plastic basket;

Water spray mechanism for wetting shells and rinsing plastic baskets;

The electric control device 7 is used to control the conveyor, the vertical movement mechanism, the horizontal movement mechanism and the water spray mechanism.

The conveyor is provided with a conveyor belt, the plastic basket is placed on the conveyor belt, and a photoelectric sensor 8 is also provided on the conveyor to detect the position of the plastic basket and feed back the detection signal to the electric control device to realize the control of conveying machine stops or starts.

The left and right sides of the upper box are provided with pulleys 9, and the pulleys 9 are in contact with the slide rails 10 fixed on the machine housing. A water retaining plate 11 is respectively provided on the front and rear sides of the upper box, and the bottom of the two water retaining plates A row of water spouts 12 are respectively housed.

The water spray port 12 is connected to a water spray mechanism through a water pipe, and the water spray mechanism includes a water tank 13, a plunger pump 14 and a water supply motor 15, and the water pipe is provided with an electromagnetic flow control valve 16 and an overflow valve 17.

The left and right sides of the upper box body are provided with guide holes 18, the guide holes 18 are provided with a guide shaft 19, the lower part of the guide shaft is provided with a pressure plate, and the guide shaft is covered with a compression spring.

A lead screw 20 is installed in the middle of the upper part of the brush shaft box. Both ends of the lead screw 20 are connected to the bearing seat through bearings. The bearing seat is fixed on the bottom surface of the upper box. A limit switch is installed on the left side of the right bearing seat. 21. Both ends of the light rod are fixedly connected to the hanging flange seat, and the hanging flange seat is fixed on the bottom surface of the upper box. A large pulley 22 is installed on the left end of the screw. The large pulley is connected with the small pulley through a belt, and the small pulley Pulley links to each other with motor 23 by shaft coupling, and motor 23 and small pulley are installed in the upper casing.

Two rows of brush shafts are installed in the brush shaft box, and each brush shaft is supported by two ball bearings. The upper end of the brush shaft and the pulley are connected by a flat key. A shaft sleeve is installed between the pulley and the shaft shoulder. On the shaft, the brush shaft is a floating structure, which is composed of a shaft sleeve 26 and a sliding shaft 27. The shaft sleeve and the sliding shaft are connected by a flat key. The upper end of the sliding shaft is equipped with a spring, and the lower end of the sleeve is assembled with a nut. The hairbrush is fixedly connected, and the upper end of the hairbrush 5 has a cylindrical hole.

Pulley is housed on the reduction motor 24 in the brush shaft box and is connected with the pulley on one of the brush shafts by polyurethane round belt 25, and all the other brush shafts are connected in series successively by polyurethane round belt.

The vertical motion mechanism is installed behind the upper box. The vertical motion mechanism is composed of a lead screw 20, a nut 29, a coupling, a reduction motor 24, a bearing and a bearing end cover. The two ends of the rod are equipped with bearings and bearing end caps, the lead screw is connected with the geared motor through a coupling, the limit switch is installed on the slide rail of the vertical movement mechanism, and the casing of the vertical movement mechanism is fixedly connected with the machine casing.

The four corners of the pressure plate are respectively fixed with the four guide shafts through nuts. The upper end of the guide shaft is installed in the guide hole of the upper box. There is a clearance fit between the hole and the shaft. A compression spring is installed in the middle of the guide shaft. Equipped with a pressure sensor.

The compression plate is welded by 304 stainless steel strips, with a mesh structure, only vertical steel strips on the top surface, no horizontal steel strips, and 45 ^° slopes on the four sides.

Example:

Put the inner side of the shells upwards and arrange them in a square plastic basket in sequence. The height of the basket is basically the same as the average height of the shells (a little higher or lower will not affect the washing), and the hollow structure. In this way, the scattered shells are placed in a frame in the pool. The advantage is that the washing of a single shell becomes the washing of the whole basket of shells, and the shells only need to be arranged once during the entire seedling cultivation period, unlike the traditional method. Shells have to be rearranged every time they are washed.

Put the shells in the plastic basket 2 on the conveyor belt of the conveyor 1. After the square plastic basket 2 reaches the working position, the photoelectric sensor 8 generates a signal, and the electric control device 7 controls the motor of the conveyor 1 to stop rotating, and then the conveyor belt stops. movement, while the electric control device 7 starts the geared motor 24 of the vertical motion mechanism, drives the upper box body 3 to move downward by the lead screw 20 and the nut 29, after the pressure plate 6 is pressed on the square plastic basket 2, the upper box body 3 Continue to move downward, the pressure plate 6 no longer moves, the four guide shafts 19 fixed on the pressure plate 6 slide upward in the guide holes of the upper box body 3, and the upper box body 3 continues to drive the brush shaft box 4 downward Movement makes the cylindrical hairbrush 5 on the brush shaft box 4 contact with the shell in the square plastic basket 2, and the pressing force is mainly controlled by the pressure sensor installed on the pressing plate by stage clips.

When the pressing force reaches the set value, the electric control device 7 controls the reduction motor 24 of the vertical motion mechanism to stop, and after the upper box body 3 stops moving, the electric control device 7 opens the electromagnetic flow control valve 16 and the overflow valve 17 to start Water supply motor 15, spraying system starts to spray water, and in the process of brush washing shell, water pressure setting is lower, and its main purpose is in order to moisten shell, and the regulation of water pressure is to realize by controlling electromagnetic flow control valve 16.

Then the electric control device 7 starts the deceleration motor 24 in the brush shaft box 4, the deceleration motor 24 drives the hairbrush 5 to rotate, and starts the motor 23 of the horizontal motion mechanism after three seconds, and the motor 23 drives the leading screw 20 to rotate, and the leading screw 20 drives the brush shaft The box moves, and the light rods 21 on both sides of the lead screw 20 play the role of guiding and supporting the brush shaft box 4, and the brush 5 moves to the right while rotating. During the movement of the brush, the pressure disc 6 does not hinder the brush.

Because the inner surface of the shell is an arc surface, in order to make the brush 5 fully contact with the inner surface of the shell, the brush shaft for installing the brush is designed to be floating.

In order to improve the scrubbing efficiency and scrubbing effect, the hair brushes 5 are designed into two rows, and only need to brush the shaft box 4 for one stroke, which is equivalent to that each shell is brushed twice.

The brush shaft box 4 will touch the limit switch installed on the bearing seat after a stroke, the electric control device 7 controls the geared motor 24 in the brush shaft box 4 to stop, and the pressing disc 6 continues to compress the square plastic basket 2 , the electric control device 7 controls the electromagnetic flow control valve 16, increases the water pressure of the spraying system, and washes away the residual dirt on the shells and the square plastic basket 2 after washing.

After a few seconds of high-pressure water spraying, the spraying system stops working, and the electric control device 7 starts the reverse rotation of the reduction motor 24 of the vertical motion mechanism, driving the upper box 3 to move upwards. After touching the limit switch, the reduction motor 24 stops, and the conveyor belt drives When the square plastic basket 2 was moved out of the machine, the motor 23 of the horizontal motion mechanism reversed to drive the brush shaft box 4 to get back to its original position.

A lead screw is installed in the middle of the upper part of the brush shaft box. The two ends of the lead screw are connected with the bearing seat through bearings. The bearing seat is fixed on the bottom of the upper box by bolts. Install a light rod, the two ends of the light rod are fixedly connected to the hanging flange seat, the hanging flange seat is fixed on the bottom of the upper box by bolts, a large pulley is installed on the left end of the screw, and the large pulley passes through the belt and the small The pulley is connected, and the small pulley is connected with the motor through a shaft coupling, and the motor and the small pulley are installed in the upper casing.

The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A seaweed seedling raising shell washing machine is characterized in that, comprising: Conveyors for conveying plastic baskets containing shells; There is a brush shaft box under the upper box, a brush is arranged under the brush shaft box, and a pressing disc is provided under the brush for pressing the shells. The upper box body uses a vertical movement mechanism and a horizontal movement mechanism to make the brush shaft box Realize vertical up and down movement and horizontal left and right movement, and clean the shells in the plastic basket; Water spray mechanism for wetting shells and rinsing plastic baskets; The electric control device is used to control the conveyor, the vertical movement mechanism, the horizontal movement mechanism and the water spray mechanism. 2. A kind of laver seedling raising shell washing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: said conveyor is provided with a conveyor belt, said plastic basket is placed on the conveyor belt, said conveyor is also provided with a photoelectric sensor, It is used to detect the position of the plastic basket and feed back the detection signal to the electric control device to realize the control of the stop or start of the conveyor. 3. A kind of seaweed seedling raising shell washing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the left and right sides of the upper box are provided with pulleys, the pulleys contact with the slide rails fixed on the machine housing, and the upper box A water retaining plate is respectively arranged on the front and rear sides, and a row of water spouts are respectively arranged on the bottom of the two water retaining plates. 4. A kind of laver seedling-raising shell washing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: the water spray port is connected to a water spray mechanism through a water pipe, and the water spray mechanism includes a water tank, a plunger pump and a motor, and the water pipe There is an electromagnetic flow control valve and a relief valve on it. 5. A seaweed seedling-raising shell washing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: guide holes are arranged on the left and right sides of the upper box, guide shafts are arranged in the guide holes, and pressing holes are arranged on the lower part of the guide shafts. The disc is tight, and the guide shaft is covered with a compression spring. 6. A laver seedling-raising shell washing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: a lead screw is installed in the middle of the upper part of the brush shaft box, the two ends of the lead screw are connected to the bearing seat through bearings, and the bearing seat is fixed on the bottom surface of the upper box , the limit switch is installed on the left side of the right bearing seat, the light rod is installed on both sides of the lead screw, the two ends of the light rod are fixedly connected to the hanging flange seat, the hanging flange seat is fixed on the bottom of the upper box, and the left end of the lead screw is installed. A large pulley, the large pulley is connected with the small pulley through a belt, the small pulley is connected with the motor through a shaft coupling, and the motor and the small pulley are installed in the upper box. 7. A laver seedling-raising shell washing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: two rows of brush shafts are installed in the brush shaft box, each brush shaft is supported by two ball bearings, and the upper end of the brush shaft and the pulley pass through the flat Key connection, a shaft sleeve is installed between the pulley and the shaft shoulder, the pulley is fixed on the brush shaft by a nut, the brush shaft is a floating structure, composed of a sleeve and a sliding shaft, the shaft sleeve and the sliding shaft are connected by a flat key, The upper end of the shaft is equipped with a spring, the lower end of the shaft sleeve is assembled with a nut, the lower end of the sliding shaft is fixedly connected with a brush through a threaded cylindrical pin, and the upper end of the brush has a cylindrical hole. 8. A kind of laver seedling-raising shell washing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: the deceleration motor in the brush shaft box is equipped with a pulley and is connected with the pulley on one of the brush shafts by a polyurethane round belt, and the rest The brush shafts are sequentially connected in series by polyurethane round belts. 9. A kind of seaweed seedling raising shell washing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vertical motion mechanism is installed behind the upper casing, and the vertical motion mechanism is composed of a screw, a nut, a shaft coupling, a motor, a bearing and a bearing end cover Composition, the nut is firmly connected to the upper box, the nut is connected to the lead screw, the two ends of the lead screw are equipped with bearings and bearing end covers, the lead screw is connected to the motor through a coupling, and the limit switch is installed on the slide rail of the vertical movement mechanism. The casing of the motion mechanism is fixedly connected with the casing of the machine. 10. A seaweed seedling-raising shell washing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: the four corners of the pressing plate are fixedly connected to the four guide shafts through nuts, and the upper ends of the guide shafts are installed on the guide shafts of the upper box. In the hole, there is clearance fit between the hole and the shaft, a pressure spring is installed in the middle of the guide shaft, and a pressure sensor is installed on the pressure plate.