CN108901586A - A kind of cultural method of needle mushroom - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of needle mushroom Download PDFInfo
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- CN108901586A CN108901586A CN201710235442.8A CN201710235442A CN108901586A CN 108901586 A CN108901586 A CN 108901586A CN 201710235442 A CN201710235442 A CN 201710235442A CN 108901586 A CN108901586 A CN 108901586A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of cultural methods of needle mushroom, include the following steps：1）The production of compost；2）Bottling；3）Sterilizing；4）It is cooling；5）Inoculation；6）Culture；7）Mycelium stimulation；8）Fertility：9）Harvesting；10）Export packaging.The present invention realizes the purpose for improving needle mushroom quality and yield by improving culture medium and strict control cultivation etc..The present invention starts with from compost, formulates the use standard of each raw material, and manufactured compost provides nutrition abundant for needle mushroom, creates the growing environment of high-quality needle mushroom, it is ensured that fruiting amount.Meanwhile the present invention formulates the cultural method of science from links such as bottling, sterilizing, cooling, inoculation, culture, mycelium stimulation, fertilities, selects suitable culture parameters, and it is neat to turn out the needle mushroom appearance come, anhydrous mushroom, disease-free mushroom, without rotten mushroom, without yellow head mushroom, taste is fresh and tender, and yield is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of edible fungi cultivation, refer in particular to a kind of cultural method of needle mushroom.
Background technique
Needle mushroom is one of the edible mushroom that China carries out artificial cultivation earliest, and meat is tender and crisp, delicious flavour, full of nutrition,
It is favored by people, there is very high medicinal dietary function.Water content 89.73g, protein in every fresh needle mushroom of hectogram
2.72g, fat 0.13g, ash content 0.83g, sugar 5.45g, crude fibre 0.87g, iron 0.22mg, calcium 0.097mg, phosphorus
1.48mg, sodium 0.22mg, magnesium 0.31mg, 1 0.29mg of vitamin B, vitamin C 2.27mg；Needle mushroom contains 18 kinds of ammonia
Base acid, every dry needle mushroom 20.9g containing amino acid of 100g, wherein necessary 8 kinds of amino acid of human body are the 44.5% of total amount,
Higher than general mushroom class, the lysine (lys) and arginine (Arg) content in needle mushroom are higher, can effectively facilitate children
Healthy growth and intellectual development, thus be known as " increase intelligence mushroom ".One kind is extracted from acupuncture needle deep drainpipe mycelium is POF
Protein " former Flammulin " without sugar, and have with " Flammulin " extracted in acupuncture needle massee fruiting bodies to sarcoma S-180
Etc. there is inhibiting effect.
Growth of Flammulina Velutipes development needs the nutriments such as carbon source, nitrogen source, minerals, vitamin, existing in needle mushroom production
There is technology often to select cotton seed hulls, corncob, wheat bran, sawdust, it is raw as needle mushroom that the raw material such as lime are configured to solid medium
Long nutrient source.Then plus water prior art culture medium is by raw material mostly by simply crushing and processing, and granularity is larger,
Mixing, culture medium mixing is uneven, and it is difficult to bottle, and unbalanced nutrition, growth is irregular, causes picking time to extend, product
The problems such as matter declines.And current technology is also not bound with needle mushroom productive prospecting mostly, according to different times using different
The controlling and regulating system about illumination, temperature, humidity and air quantity of parameter, cause needle mushroom fruiting speed it is unstable, development journey
It spends that inconsistent, cultivation period is long, needle mushroom fruiting quality is irregular, influences the competitiveness of edible mushroom enterprise in the market.It is right
In edible, the medicinal needle mushroom for having very big demand, how to turn out high-quality, a large amount needle mushroom becomes to satisfy social needs
The problem of those skilled in the art are always exploring.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is being improved and being innovated for disadvantage present in background technique and problem, a kind of gold is provided
The cultural method of needle mushroom.
The present invention includes the following steps：
1, the production of compost：First corncob, soybean skin, megasse, conch meal, wheat bran, rice bran and cotton seed hulls are poured into
In mixing plant, brewex's grains, Tan Suan Calcium stirring are subsequently poured into, mixing time is that 30min is mixed in dry mixing 15min rewetting, and mixture contains
Water is 64-66%；In the case that stirring is extremely pinched with hand using equal power, there is water to ooze out between webs, continuously drips in drops afterwards
When.
2, it bottles：The compost made is bottled, bottling weight is 850 ± 30g, and bottling height is charge level to bottle
The height of mouth is 1.8-2cm.
3, it sterilizes：Canned good culture bottle is sent into autoclave, terminates to entering pot at the latest must not exceed from autoclave plus water
2.5 hour；In sterilization process, autoclave needs to vacuumize positive sky 2 times, and pressure is -0.055mpa；Primary heat preservation 0.041mpa, 100
DEG C maintain one hour；Sterilize 0.121mpa, and 121 DEG C maintain one hour.
4, cooling：Shift the bottle vehicle equipped with culture bottle onto chilling room, the bottle workshop of adjacent rows is every 30~40cm or so, setting
Cooling temperature is 6 DEG C -10 DEG C, until culture material temperature is lower than 20 DEG C.
5, it is inoculated with：Disinfection requirement between strict implement inoculation, inoculum concentration 30-35ml, a tank are detected 2 times and are recorded and connect
Kind amount；60 minutes one time flame disinfection；20 points of TCCA disinfections.
6, it cultivates：It was divided to for two phases, it is the period of mycelia rapid field planting at this time that a phase, which cultivates 7 days,；Second phase culture 14 days, at this time
It is mycelia growth period, cultivar should cover with entire culture bottle after culture 21 days；It is required that temperature≤18 DEG C between bottle, material temperature≤20
℃。
7, mycelium stimulation：It is operated using mushroom culturing device, it is desirable that lower water spraying time 3s, lower water spray waiting time 0.5s, lower water spray
Pressure 0.3MPa, upper water spraying time 0.2s, upper irrigation pressure 0.3MPa, 5-10ml/ bottles of upper water spray fountain height；Mycelium stimulation height 0.7
~0.9mm, culture bottle charge level defective material after upper water spray is few, smooth, bottleneck defective material is few；Uniformly, fountain height is just for upper spray sprinkling
Often, every bottle of fountain height difference is little.
8, it gives birth to：It will be sent into fertility room through upper step treated culture bottle, carry out fertility cultivation, concrete operations are as follows：
1st, 2 day, 14.5 DEG C of temperature, humidity 98%, CO2Concentration 2500PPm, inhibit machine blowing 8h, not illumination, frequency
30HZ, mycelia restore normal；3rd day, 14.5 DEG C of temperature, humidity 98%, CO2Concentration 2500PPm, inhibit machine blowing 12h, blue light
According to 6h, frequency 30HZ, mycelia restores normal；4th, 5 day, 14.5 DEG C of temperature, humidity 94%, CO2Concentration 2500PPm, inhibition machine are blown
Wind 8h, blue light shine 6h, frequency 30HZ, and mycelia restores normal；6th day, 14.5 DEG C of temperature, humidity 94%, CO2Concentration 2500PPm,
Inhibition machine blows morning wind 2h, wind 2h in afternoon, and not illumination, frequency 30HZ, bastem condensation is normally；7th day, 14.5 DEG C of temperature, humidity
94%、CO2Concentration 9500PPm or more, inhibition machine do not dry, not illumination, frequency 30HZ, and bastem condensation is normal；8th day, bastem was solidifying
Knot is normal, 14.5 DEG C of temperature, 97% or more humidity, CO2Concentration 10000PPm or more, inhibition machine do not dry, not illumination, frequency
30HZ；9th day, bud was normal out, 13 DEG C of temperature, 97% or more humidity, CO2Concentration 10000PPm or more, inhibition machine are not dried, no
Illumination, frequency 30HZ；10th day, bud was normal out, 10 DEG C of temperature, 97% or more humidity, CO2Concentration 10000PPm or more, inhibit machine
It does not dry, not illumination, frequency 30HZ；11st day, bud was normal out, 6 DEG C of temperature, 97% or more humidity, CO2Concentration 10000PPm with
It goes up, inhibition machine is not dried, not illumination, frequency 30HZ；12nd day, bastem growing way was normal, 5 DEG C of temperature, 97% or more humidity, CO2It is dense
Degree 4500PPm or more, inhibition machine do not dry, inhibit machine illumination 6h, frequency 30HZ；13rd day, bastem growing way was normal, 5 DEG C of temperature,
97% or more humidity, CO2Concentration 4500PPm or more, inhibit machine blowing 4h, not illumination, frequency 30HZ；14th, 15 day, bastem was long
Gesture is normal, 5 DEG C of temperature, 97% or more humidity, CO2Concentration 4500PPm or more, inhibit machine blowing 4h, not illumination, frequency 30HZ；The
16 days, bastem growing way was normal, 5 DEG C of temperature, humidity 95% or so, CO2Concentration 4500PPm or more, inhibit machine blowing 4h, not illumination,
Frequency 35HZ；17th day, bastem growing way was normal, 5 DEG C of temperature, humidity 95% or so, CO2Concentration 2500PPm or more, inhibition machine are blown
Wind 4h, not illumination, frequency 35HZ；18th day, bastem growing way was normal, 5 DEG C of temperature, humidity 93% or so, CO2Concentration 2500PPm with
Upper, inhibition machine blowing 4h, blue light photograph, frequency 35HZ；19th day, bastem growing way was normal, 6 DEG C of temperature, humidity 90% or so, sleeve
CO afterwards2Inhibiting machine blowing after concentration 9500PPm or more, sleeve, blue light shines 3h, frequency 30HZ for 24 hours, after sleeve；20th day, mushroom body
Growing way is normal, 6 DEG C of temperature, humidity 92% or so, CO2Concentration 1000PPm or more, inhibit machine blowing 14h, after sleeve blue light according to 8h,
Frequency 40HZ；21st day, mushroom body growing way was normal, 7 DEG C of temperature, humidity 92% or so, CO2Concentration 1000PPm or more, inhibition machine are blown
Wind 4h, blue light shine 0h, frequency 40HZ；22nd day, mushroom body growing way was normal, 7 DEG C of temperature, humidity 92% or so, CO2Concentration 1000PPm
Above, machine blowing 4h, blue light is inhibited to shine 7h, frequency 40HZ；23rd day, mushroom body growing way was normal, 8 DEG C of temperature, humidity 92% or so,
CO2Concentration 1000PPm or more, machine blowing 2h, blue light is inhibited to shine 6h, frequency 35HZ；24th day, mushroom body growing way was normal, temperature 9
DEG C, humidity 92% or so, CO2Concentration 1000PPm or more, machine blowing 0h, blue light is inhibited to shine 3h, frequency 30HZ；25th day, mushroom body
Growing way is normal, 10 DEG C of temperature, humidity 90% or so, CO2Concentration 1000PPm or more, machine blowing 0h, blue light is inhibited to shine 0h；26th
It, mushroom body growing way is normal, and 10 DEG C of temperature closes humidifier, CO2Concentration 1000PPm or more, machine blowing 0h, blue light is inhibited to shine 0h, frequency
Rate 30HZ, frequency 30HZ, into picking time.
9, it harvests：For mushroom body length to coil paper concordantly or on coil paper, entire room of giving birth to has 20% mushroom body to reach harvesting standard
Harvesting, when harvesting, first tear and are being harvested after coil paper.
10, export is packed：The mushroom body export that will have been harvested, is then packed into make-up room by packaging standard.
The usage amount of each raw material of the production single bottle compost is in one of the embodiments,：Corncob 135g,
Soybean skin 10g, wheat bran 20g, rice bran 125g, cotton seed hulls 25g, megasse 10g, conch meal 2.5g, brewex's grains 10g and Tan Suan Calcium 5.
Corncob requirement in one of the embodiments,：Appearance is fresh, it is clean, dry, without worm, without it is mould, be no different
Taste, the sum of granularity 2~4mm and 4~6mm are greater than 50%, and innocuous impurities content 3% is hereinafter, water content≤15%, pH value 5.75
~7.4.
Soybean skin requirement in one of the embodiments,：Appearance is fresh, it is clean, dry, without worm, without it is mould, be no different
Taste, for granularity 4mm hereinafter, innocuous impurities content 1% is hereinafter, water content≤14%, pH value is 5.9~6.9.
Wheat bran requirement in one of the embodiments,：Appearance is fresh, it is clean, dry, without worm, without it is mould, be no different
Taste, the middle bran of granularity 4mm or less, innocuous impurities content 1% is hereinafter, water content≤15%, pH value are 6.2~6.8.
Rice bran requirement in one of the embodiments,：Appearance is fresh, it is clean, dry, without worm, without it is mould, be no different
Taste, 2% or less rice chaff impurity, content of cracking rice 3% are hereinafter, water content≤15%, pol average out to 3.35, pH value are 6.2~7.4.
Cotton seed hulls requirement in one of the embodiments,：Canescence, it is fresh, clean, dry, without worm, without it is mould,
Free from extraneous odour, granularity are middle shell, middle hair, and innocuous impurities content 1% is hereinafter, water content≤15%, pH value are 6~7.3.
Corncob requirement in one of the embodiments,：Appearance is fresh, it is clean, dry, without worm, without it is mould, be no different
Taste, the sum of granularity 2~4mm and 4~6mm are greater than 50%, impurity content 3% hereinafter, water content≤15%, pH value is 5.75~
7.4。
Brewex's grains requirement in one of the embodiments,：It is fresh, clean, dry, without worm, without mould, free from extraneous odour,
For granularity 4mm hereinafter, innocuous impurities content 1% is hereinafter, water content≤14%, pH value is 4.0~6.5.
The conch meal is oyster shell powder in one of the embodiments, and granularity 2mm is hereinafter, innocuous impurities content
1% hereinafter, water content≤9%, pH value are 8.5~9.1.
Advantages of the present invention and beneficial effect：
The present invention improves needle mushroom quality and yield by improving culture medium and strict control cultivation etc. to realize
Purpose.The present invention starts with from compost, formulates the use standard of each raw material, and manufactured compost provides for needle mushroom
Nutrition abundant creates the growing environment of high-quality needle mushroom, it is ensured that fruiting amount.Meanwhile the present invention is from bottling, sterilizing, cold
But, the links such as inoculation, culture, mycelium stimulation, fertility formulate the cultural method of science, select suitable culture parameters, turn out
Needle mushroom appearance is neat, anhydrous mushroom, disease-free mushroom, and without rotten mushroom, without yellow head mushroom, taste is fresh and tender, and yield is high.
It is of the invention for ease of understanding, the embodiment of the present invention is shown below.But the present invention can be with many different
Form is realized, however it is not limited to embodiment described herein.On the contrary, purpose of providing these embodiments is makes to the present invention
Disclosure it is more thorough and comprehensive.
Unless otherwise defined, the skill of all technical and scientific terms and technical field of the invention used herein
The normally understood meaning of art personnel is identical.Term used in the description is intended merely to describe specifically to implement purpose, is not
It is designed to limit the invention.
Embodiment：
1, first by 135g corncob, 10g soybean skin, 10g megasse, 2.5g conch meal, 20g wheat bran, 125g rice bran and 25g cottonseed
Shell pours into mixing plant, is subsequently poured into 10g brewex's grains, 5g carbon acid Calcium stirring, and mixing time is dry mixing 15min wet-mixing again
30min, mixture moisture content are 65% or so.In the case that stirring is extremely pinched with hand using equal power, there is water to ooze out between webs, after
Up to one bottle of compost when continuously dripping in drops, more bottles are made according to actual needs.Make each raw material standard of compost
It is as follows：
Corncob
Soybean skin
Wheat bran
Rice bran
Cotton seed hulls
Brewex's grains
Conch meal
2, the compost made is bottled, bottling weight is 850 ± 30g, and bottling height is that charge level arrives bottleneck
Height is 1.8-2cm.
3, canned good culture bottle is sent into autoclave, terminated from autoclave plus water small to entering pot at the latest and must not exceed 2.5
When；In sterilization process, autoclave needs to vacuumize positive sky 2 times, and pressure is -0.055mpa；Primary heat preservation 0.041mpa, 100 DEG C of dimensions
It holds one hour；Sterilize 0.121mpa, and 121 DEG C maintain one hour.Main valve pressure is checked when booting, to check once safety within one week
Valve.
4, shift the bottle vehicle equipped with culture bottle onto chilling room, every 4 vehicle of row traverse of chilling room, the bottle workshops of adjacent rows every 30~
40cm or so sets cooling temperature as 6 DEG C -10 DEG C, until culture material temperature is lower than 20 DEG C.
5, the disinfection requirement between strict implement inoculation, inoculum concentration 30-35ml, a tank detect 2 times and record inoculum concentration；
60 minutes one time flame disinfection；20 points of TCCA disinfections.
6, culture was divided to for two phases, and it is the period of mycelia rapid field planting at this time that a phase, which cultivates 7 days,；Second phase cultivates 14 days, is at this time
Mycelia growth period, cultivar should cover with entire culture bottle after culture 21 days；It is required that temperature≤18 DEG C between bottle, material temperature≤20
℃.Culture observation：5th day, bottleneck position can be clearly visible white hypha, and small part mycelia can grow to shoulder（It shoots unknown
It is aobvious）.8th day, cultivar mycelia grew shoulder, and portion mycelia can grow to culture bottle 1/2, and mycelia is pure white.12nd day, greatly
Portion mycelia grows to culture bottle 1/2, and mycelia is pure white, and mycelia is connected with the mycelia of bottom bacterium germination at charge level.16th
It, cultivar bacterium germination area is about the 70% of entire culture bottle.20th day, cultivar sent out full entire culture bottle.
7, mycelium stimulation operation is carried out using mushroom culturing device, it is desirable that lower water spraying time 3s, lower water spray waiting time 0.5s, lower water spray pressure
Power 0.3MPa, upper water spraying time 0.2s, upper irrigation pressure 0.3MPa, 5-10ml/ bottles of upper water spray fountain height；Mycelium stimulation height 0.7~
0.9mm, culture bottle charge level defective material after upper water spray is few, smooth, bottleneck defective material is few；Uniformly, fountain height is normal for upper spray sprinkling,
Every bottle of fountain height difference is little.
8, it will be sent into fertility room through upper step treated culture bottle, carry out fertility cultivation, concrete operations are as follows：
A, the fertility each facility in room is checked：
Evaporator system：（1）For the fertility room after warehouse entry, into room before be first confirmed whether to open, enter the room, check gold
Needle mushroom growing way, ear listen evaporator to rotate sound, while checking evaporator flabellum service condition, and confirmation revolving speed is normal and without sound,
Can patrol next fertility room.（2）Revolving speed abnormal conditions are encountered, close power supply at the first time, notice equipment portion is rebuild immediately.
Humidifier system：（1）The same day needs the fertility room using humidification, into room before be first confirmed whether to open, enter
Interior checks needle mushroom growing way, wipes talent scout's head, while checking that humidifier host is breathed freely service condition, and confirmation humidification is normal
And uniformly, can patrol next fertility room.（2）Humidification apparatus abnormal conditions are encountered, close power supply at the first time, notify equipment
Portion is rebuild immediately.
Air intake/outtake system：（1）The same day needs fertility room to be used, into room before be first confirmed whether to open, enter the room,
Check needle mushroom growing way, measurement CO2 concentration, while ear listens nearly air draft engine speed situation, confirms and closely arranges normal and CO2Concentration reaches
To technique requirement, can patrol next fertility room.（2）Nearly exhaust equipment abnormal conditions are encountered, close power supply at the first time, are led to
Know that equipment portion is rebuild immediately.
Control cabinet system：（1）The same day needs the fertility room using humidification, into room before be first confirmed whether to open, enter
Interior checks needle mushroom growing way, wipes talent scout's head, while checking that humidifier host is breathed freely service condition, and confirmation humidification is normal
And uniformly, can patrol next fertility room.（2）Humidification apparatus abnormal conditions are encountered, close power supply at the first time, notify equipment
Portion is rebuild immediately.
Inhibition machine system：（1）The same day need using inhibit machine fertility room, into room before first open inhibition machine, enter
Needle mushroom growing way is checked in fertility interior, while hand touches air outlet wind conditions, and confirmation inhibition machine wind speed reaches technique requirement,
Can patrol next fertility room.（2）It encounters and inhibits machine equipment abnormal conditions, close power supply at the first time, notice equipment portion is vertical
Rebuild.
Blue-ray light band：（1）The same day needs using blue color band and the fertility room of machine illumination is inhibited first to open into before room
Light is opened, is entered the room, checks needle mushroom growing way, while checking blue color band and inhibiting machine fluorescent tube service condition, confirms illumination
Equipment is normal, and can patrol next fertility room.（2）Light irradiation apparatus abnormal conditions are encountered, close power supply at the first time, notice is set
Standby portion rectifies and improves immediately.（3）The same day is announced in the fertility room situation of illumination：Give birth to room number, light application time（As far as possible in fertility room
Inlet）.
B, breeding time controls：
1st day, mycelia restored normal, 14.5 DEG C of temperature, humidity 98%, CO2Concentration 2500PPm, inhibit machine blowing 8h, not illumination,
Frequency 30HZ.
2nd day, mycelia restored normal, 14.5 DEG C of temperature, humidity 98%, CO2Concentration 2500PPm, inhibit machine blowing 8h, no
Illumination, frequency 30HZ.
3rd day, mycelia restored normal, 14.5 DEG C of temperature, humidity 98%, CO2Concentration 2500PPm, inhibit machine blowing 12h, indigo plant
Illumination 6h, frequency 30HZ.
4th day, 14.5 DEG C of temperature, humidity 94%, CO2Concentration 2500PPm, machine blowing 8h, blue light is inhibited to shine 6h, frequency
30HZ, mycelia restore normal.
5th day, 14.5 DEG C of temperature, humidity 94%, CO2Concentration 2500PPm, machine blowing 8h, blue light is inhibited to shine 6h, frequency
30HZ, mycelia restore normal.
6th day, 14.5 DEG C of temperature, humidity 94%, CO2Concentration 2500PPm, inhibition machine blow morning wind 2h, wind 2h in afternoon, no
Illumination, frequency 30HZ, bastem condensation are normal.
7th day, 14.5 DEG C of temperature, humidity 94%, CO2Concentration 9500PPm or more, inhibition machine do not dry, not illumination, frequency
30HZ, bastem condensation are normal.
8th day, bastem condensation was normal, 14.5 DEG C of temperature, 97% or more humidity, CO2Concentration 10000PPm or more, inhibit machine
It does not dry, not illumination, frequency 30HZ.
9th day, bud was normal out, 13 DEG C of temperature, 97% or more humidity, CO2Concentration 10000PPm or more, inhibition machine do not dry,
Not illumination, frequency 30HZ.
10th day, bud was normal out, 10 DEG C of temperature, 97% or more humidity, CO2Concentration 10000PPm or more, inhibition machine are not blown
Wind, not illumination, frequency 30HZ.
11st day, bud was normal out, 6 DEG C of temperature, 97% or more humidity, CO2Concentration 10000PPm or more, inhibition machine do not dry,
Not illumination, frequency 30HZ.
12nd day, bastem growing way was normal, 5 DEG C of temperature, 97% or more humidity, CO2Concentration 4500PPm or more, inhibition machine are not blown
Wind inhibits machine illumination 6h, frequency 30HZ.
13rd day, bastem growing way was normal, 5 DEG C of temperature, 97% or more humidity, CO2Concentration 4500PPm or more, inhibit machine blowing
4h, not illumination, frequency 30HZ.
14th day, bastem growing way was normal, 5 DEG C of temperature, 97% or more humidity, CO2Concentration 4500PPm or more, inhibit machine blowing
4h, not illumination, frequency 30HZ.
15th day, bastem growing way was normal, 5 DEG C of temperature, 97% or more humidity, CO2Concentration 4500PPm or more, inhibit machine blowing
4h, not illumination, frequency 30HZ.
16th day, bastem growing way was normal, 5 DEG C of temperature, humidity 95% or so, CO2Concentration 4500PPm or more, inhibit machine blowing
4h, not illumination, frequency 35HZ.
17th day, bastem growing way was normal, 5 DEG C of temperature, humidity 95% or so, CO2Concentration 2500PPm or more, inhibit machine blowing
4h, not illumination, frequency 35HZ.
18th day, bastem growing way was normal, 5 DEG C of temperature, humidity 93% or so, CO2Concentration 2500PPm or more, inhibit machine blowing
4h, blue light photograph, frequency 35HZ.
19th day, bastem growing way was normal, CO after 6 DEG C of temperature, humidity 90% or so, sleeve2Concentration 9500PPm or more, sleeve
Inhibiting machine blowing afterwards, blue light shines 3h, frequency 30HZ for 24 hours, after sleeve.
20th day, mushroom body growing way was normal, 6 DEG C of temperature, humidity 92% or so, CO2Concentration 1000PPm or more, inhibit machine blowing
Blue light shines 8h, frequency 40HZ after 14h, sleeve.
21st day, mushroom body growing way was normal, 7 DEG C of temperature, humidity 92% or so, CO2Concentration 1000PPm or more, inhibit machine blowing
4h, blue light shine 0h, frequency 40HZ.
22nd day, mushroom body growing way was normal, 7 DEG C of temperature, humidity 92% or so, CO2Concentration 1000PPm or more, inhibit machine blowing
4h, blue light shine 7h, frequency 40HZ.
23rd day, mushroom body growing way was normal, 8 DEG C of temperature, humidity 92% or so, CO2Concentration 1000PPm or more, inhibit machine blowing
2h, blue light shine 6h, frequency 35HZ.
24th day, mushroom body growing way was normal, 9 DEG C of temperature, humidity 92% or so, CO2Concentration 1000PPm or more, inhibit machine blowing
0h, blue light shine 3h, frequency 30HZ.
25th day, mushroom body growing way was normal, 10 DEG C of temperature, humidity 90% or so, CO2Concentration 1000PPm or more, inhibition machine are blown
Wind 0h, blue light shine 0h.
26th day, mushroom body growing way was normal, and 10 DEG C of temperature closes humidifier, CO2Concentration 1000PPm or more, inhibit machine blowing
0h, blue light shine 0h, frequency 30HZ, frequency 30HZ, into picking time
9, to coil paper concordantly or on coil paper, entire fertility room has 20% mushroom body to reach harvesting standard to be harvested mushroom body length,
It first tears when harvesting and is being harvested after coil paper.
10, the mushroom body export that will have been harvested, is then packed into make-up room by packaging standard.Packaging standard is such as
Under：
1）Big packaging A grade standard：
Mushroom lid diameter≤1cm, the long 15-17cm of mushroom handle, every 2521-2529 grams of packet.Mushroom handle length is consistent, and mushroom lid is uniform in size, produces
Product put neat Founder, free from admixture, and sack tightens.Every case 8 wraps, and covers inner bag, head to head tying is put neatly upward.Using 20KG
Stamp carton green lettering adhesive tape.
2）B grades of product standards of packaging greatly：
1-1.5 centimetres of diameter of mushroom lid, handle is 15-17 centimetres long, every 2521-2529 grams of packet.Mushroom handle length is consistent, and mushroom lid size is equal
Even, product placement is neatly upright, and free from admixture, sack tightens.Every case 8 wraps, and no inner bag, root is put root tying neatly upward.Using
20KG stamp carton, blue lettering adhesive tape.
3）C grades of product standards of packaging greatly：
1.5-2 centimetres of diameter of mushroom lid, stem is 15-17 centimetres long, every 2521-2529 grams of packet.Mushroom handle length is consistent, and mushroom lid size is equal
Even, product placement is neatly upright, and free from admixture, sack tightens.Every case 8 wraps, and no inner bag, root puts neatly root tying upward.It adopts
With 20KG lettering carton, green adhesive tape.
Embodiment of the present invention is only the description carried out to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, not to the present invention
Conception and scope is defined, and under the premise of not departing from design philosophy of the present invention, engineers and technicians are to this hair in this field
The all variations and modifications that bright technical solution is made should all fall into protection scope of the present invention, the claimed skill of the present invention
Art content, is all described in the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of cultural method of needle mushroom, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
1）The production of compost：Corncob, soybean skin, megasse, conch meal, wheat bran, rice bran and cotton seed hulls are first poured into stirring
In equipment, brewex's grains, Tan Suan Calcium stirring are subsequently poured into, mixing time is that 30min, mixture moisture content are mixed in dry mixing 15min rewetting
For 64-66%；In the case that stirring is extremely pinched with hand using equal power, there is water to ooze out between webs, when continuously dripping in drops afterwards i.e.
It can；
2）Bottling：The compost made is bottled, bottling weight is 850 ± 30g, and bottling height is that charge level arrives bottleneck
Height is 1.8-2cm；
3）Sterilizing：Canned good culture bottle is sent into autoclave, is terminated from autoclave plus water small to entering pot at the latest and must not exceed 2.5
When；In sterilization process, autoclave needs to vacuumize positive sky 2 times, and pressure is -0.055mpa；Primary heat preservation 0.041mpa, 100 DEG C of dimensions
It holds one hour；Sterilize 0.121mpa, and 121 DEG C maintain one hour；
4）It is cooling：Shift the bottle vehicle equipped with culture bottle onto chilling room, the bottle workshop of adjacent rows is every 30~40cm or so, setting cooling
Temperature is 6 DEG C -10 DEG C, until culture material temperature is lower than 20 DEG C；
5）Inoculation：Disinfection requirement between strict implement inoculation, inoculum concentration 30-35ml, a tank detect 2 times and record inoculation
Amount；60 minutes one time flame disinfection；20 points of TCCA disinfections；
6）Culture：It was divided to for two phases, it is the period of mycelia rapid field planting at this time that a phase, which cultivates 7 days,；Second phase culture 14 days, is bacterium at this time
Silk growth period, cultivar should cover with entire culture bottle after culture 21 days；It is required that temperature≤18 DEG C between bottle, material temperature≤20 DEG C；
7）Mycelium stimulation：It is operated using mushroom culturing device, it is desirable that lower water spraying time 3s, lower water spray waiting time 0.5s, lower irrigation pressure
0.3MPa, upper water spraying time 0.2s, upper irrigation pressure 0.3MPa, 5-10ml/ bottles of upper water spray fountain height；Mycelium stimulation height 0.7~
0.9mm, culture bottle charge level defective material after upper water spray is few, smooth, bottleneck defective material is few；Uniformly, fountain height is normal for upper spray sprinkling,
Every bottle of fountain height difference is little；
8）Fertility：It will be sent into fertility room through upper step treated culture bottle, carry out fertility cultivation, concrete operations are as follows：
1st, 2 day, 14.5 DEG C of temperature, humidity 98%, CO2Concentration 2500PPm, inhibit machine blowing 8h, not illumination, frequency 30HZ, bacterium
Silk restores normal；
3rd day, 14.5 DEG C of temperature, humidity 98%, CO2Concentration 2500PPm, machine blowing 12h, blue light is inhibited to shine 6h, frequency 30HZ, bacterium
Silk restores normal；
4th, 5 day, 14.5 DEG C of temperature, humidity 94%, CO2Concentration 2500PPm, machine blowing 8h, blue light is inhibited to shine 6h, frequency 30HZ,
Mycelia restores normal；
6th day, 14.5 DEG C of temperature, humidity 94%, CO2Concentration 2500PPm, inhibition machine blow morning wind 2h, wind 2h in afternoon, not illumination,
Frequency 30HZ, bastem condensation are normal；
7th day, 14.5 DEG C of temperature, humidity 94%, CO2Concentration 9500PPm or more, inhibition machine do not dry, not illumination, frequency 30HZ,
Bastem condensation is normal；
8th day, bastem condensation was normal, 14.5 DEG C of temperature, 97% or more humidity, CO2Concentration 10000PPm or more, inhibition machine are not blown
Wind, not illumination, frequency 30HZ；
9th day, bud was normal out, 13 DEG C of temperature, 97% or more humidity, CO2Concentration 10000PPm or more, inhibition machine are not dried, not only
According to, frequency 30HZ；
10th day, bud was normal out, 10 DEG C of temperature, 97% or more humidity, CO2Concentration 10000PPm or more, inhibition machine are not dried, not only
According to, frequency 30HZ；
11st day, bud was normal out, 6 DEG C of temperature, 97% or more humidity, CO2Concentration 10000PPm or more, inhibition machine are not dried, not only
According to, frequency 30HZ；
12nd day, bastem growing way was normal, 5 DEG C of temperature, 97% or more humidity, CO2Concentration 4500PPm or more, inhibition machine are not dried, are pressed down
Machine illumination 6h processed, frequency 30HZ；
13rd day, bastem growing way was normal, 5 DEG C of temperature, 97% or more humidity, CO2Concentration 4500PPm or more, inhibit machine blowing 4h, no
Illumination, frequency 30HZ；
14th, 15 day, bastem growing way was normal, 5 DEG C of temperature, 97% or more humidity, CO2Concentration 4500PPm or more, inhibit machine blowing
4h, not illumination, frequency 30HZ；
16th day, bastem growing way was normal, 5 DEG C of temperature, humidity 95% or so, CO2Concentration 4500PPm or more, inhibit machine blowing 4h, no
Illumination, frequency 35HZ；
17th day, bastem growing way was normal, 5 DEG C of temperature, humidity 95% or so, CO2Concentration 2500PPm or more, inhibit machine blowing 4h, no
Illumination, frequency 35HZ；
18th day, bastem growing way was normal, 5 DEG C of temperature, humidity 93% or so, CO2Concentration 2500PPm or more, inhibit machine blowing 4h, indigo plant
Illumination, frequency 35HZ；
19th day, bastem growing way was normal, CO after 6 DEG C of temperature, humidity 90% or so, sleeve2Press down after concentration 9500PPm or more, sleeve
Blue light shines 3h, frequency 30HZ for 24 hours, after sleeve for machine blowing processed；
20th day, mushroom body growing way was normal, 6 DEG C of temperature, humidity 92% or so, CO2Concentration 1000PPm or more, inhibit machine blowing 14h,
Blue light shines 8h, frequency 40HZ after sleeve；
21st day, mushroom body growing way was normal, 7 DEG C of temperature, humidity 92% or so, CO2Concentration 1000PPm or more, inhibit machine blowing 4h, indigo plant
Illumination 0h, frequency 40HZ；
22nd day, mushroom body growing way was normal, 7 DEG C of temperature, humidity 92% or so, CO2Concentration 1000PPm or more, inhibit machine blowing 4h, indigo plant
Illumination 7h, frequency 40HZ；
23rd day, mushroom body growing way was normal, 8 DEG C of temperature, humidity 92% or so, CO2Concentration 1000PPm or more, inhibit machine blowing 2h, indigo plant
Illumination 6h, frequency 35HZ；
24th day, mushroom body growing way was normal, 9 DEG C of temperature, humidity 92% or so, CO2Concentration 1000PPm or more, inhibit machine blowing 0h, indigo plant
Illumination 3h, frequency 30HZ；
25th day, mushroom body growing way was normal, 10 DEG C of temperature, humidity 90% or so, CO2Concentration 1000PPm or more, inhibit machine blowing 0h,
Blue light shines 0h；
26th day, mushroom body growing way was normal, and 10 DEG C of temperature closes humidifier, CO2Concentration 1000PPm or more, inhibit machine blowing 0h, blue light
According to 0h, frequency 30HZ, frequency 30HZ, into picking time；
9）Harvesting：To coil paper concordantly or on coil paper, entire fertility room has 20% mushroom body to reach harvesting standard to adopt mushroom body length
It receives, when harvesting first tears and harvested after coil paper；
10）Export packaging：The mushroom body export that will have been harvested, is then packed into make-up room by packaging standard.
2. the cultural method of needle mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the production single bottle compost it is each
The usage amount of raw material is：
Corncob 135g, soybean skin 10g, wheat bran 20g, rice bran 125g, cotton seed hulls 25g, megasse 10g, conch meal 2.5g, beer
Poor 10g and Tan Suan Calcium 5.
3. the cultural method of needle mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the corncob requirement：Appearance is new
It is fresh, clean, dry, without worm, without mould, free from extraneous odour, the sum of granularity 2~4mm and 4~6mm are greater than 50%, innocuous impurities content 3%
Hereinafter, water content≤15%, pH value is 5.75~7.4.
4. the cultural method of needle mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the soybean skin requirement：Appearance is new
It is fresh, clean, dry, without worm, without mould, free from extraneous odour, granularity 4mm hereinafter, innocuous impurities content 1% hereinafter, water content≤14%,
PH value is 5.9~6.9.
5. the cultural method of needle mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the wheat bran requirement：Appearance is fresh,
It is clean, dry, without worm, without mould, free from extraneous odour, the middle bran of granularity 4mm or less, innocuous impurities content 1% hereinafter, water content≤15%,
PH value is 6.2~6.8.
6. the cultural method of needle mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the rice bran requirement：Appearance is fresh,
It is clean, dry, without worm, without mould, free from extraneous odour, 2% or less rice chaff impurity, content of cracking rice 3% are hereinafter, water content≤15%, pol are flat
It is 3.35, pH value is 6.2~7.4.
7. the cultural method of needle mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the cotton seed hulls requirement：Canescence,
It is fresh, clean, dry, without worm, without mould, free from extraneous odour, granularity is middle shell, middle hair, innocuous impurities content 1% hereinafter, water content≤
15%, pH value is 6~7.3.
8. the cultural method of needle mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the corncob requirement：Appearance is new
It is fresh, clean, dry, without worm, without mould, free from extraneous odour, the sum of granularity 2~4mm and 4~6mm are greater than 50%, impurity content 3% hereinafter,
Water content≤15%, pH value are 5.75~7.4.
9. the cultural method of needle mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the brewex's grains requirement：It is fresh, clean
Only, dry, without worm, without mould, free from extraneous odour, granularity 4mm hereinafter, innocuous impurities content 1% hereinafter, water content≤14%, pH value are
4.0~6.5.
10. the cultural method of needle mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the conch meal is oyster shell powder,
For granularity 2mm hereinafter, innocuous impurities content 1% is hereinafter, water content≤9%, pH value is 8.5~9.1.
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| CN110226451A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-09-13 | 江苏华绿生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of edible fungus industrial formula of beanstalk stalk preparation |
| CN113412760A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-09-21 | 江苏华绿生物科技股份有限公司 | Hypsizigus marmoreus culture medium and hypsizigus marmoreus cultivation process |
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