CN108901458A - The applicable diversified plant in town dweller room, the vertical cultivation apparatus of aquatic animal - Google Patents

The applicable diversified plant in town dweller room, the vertical cultivation apparatus of aquatic animal Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN108901458A
CN108901458A CN201810899306.3A CN201810899306A CN108901458A CN 108901458 A CN108901458 A CN 108901458A CN 201810899306 A CN201810899306 A CN 201810899306A CN 108901458 A CN108901458 A CN 108901458A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
plate
cultivation
cultivation plate
edge
plant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201810899306.3A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
练仕菊
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to CN201810899306.3A priority Critical patent/CN108901458A/en
Publication of CN108901458A publication Critical patent/CN108901458A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/022Pots for vertical horticulture
    • A01G9/023Multi-tiered planters
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G27/00Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G27/00Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
    • A01G27/008Component parts, e.g. dispensing fittings, level indicators
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A01G31/02Special apparatus therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/003Aquaria; Terraria
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
    • A01K67/02Breeding vertebrates
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

Abstract

The invention discloses the applicable diversified plants in town dweller room, the vertical cultivation apparatus of aquatic animal, including support post, the first cultivation plate, the second cultivation plate, planter units tank body, the first turnover device and the second turnover device, wherein:The first cultivation plate, the second cultivation plate and water plant and animal box for breeding is arranged in support post from top to bottom;First cultivation plate and the second cultivation plate, planter units tank body are respectively placed in first level cultivation plate, first edge cultivation plate, the second horizontal cultivation plate and second edge cultivation plate;First turnover device and the second turnover device are connected between the bottom of the first and second horizontal cultivation plate and the bottom of first edge cultivation plate;The top position of support post also passes through a connecting rod connection ultraviolet disinfection lamp and ventilation device.Vertical cultivation apparatus of the invention, use scope is wider, and area is smaller within doors for occupancy, and cultivation plant and animal is relatively broad, and using effect is good.

Description

The applicable diversified plant in town dweller room, the vertical cultivation apparatus of aquatic animal
Technical field
The present invention relates to indoor culture engineering device technique fields, are applicable in more particularly to the town dweller room that town dweller is applicable in Diversified plant, the vertical cultivation apparatus of aquatic animal.
Background technique
As the improvement of people's living standards, cultivation ornamental fish has become the hobby of more and more people.It is indoor at present to support It grows ornamental fish and mainly uses aquarium, this aquarium is only used for breeding fish, although some Shui nationality cage breedings plant part submerged plant, to feeding Breeding fish kind has many limitations.Feeding patterns mainly use forage feed(Or bait fish), containing big in the waste of ornamental fish excretion The ammonia nitrogen of amount and other organic matters, although fraction solids waste, the main harms ornamental fish such as ammonia nitrogen can be removed by filtering Water-soluble substances can not but remove, only change water by diligent and solve, that is, waste water and increase operational sequence.
In addition, the people inhabited inside the especially building of city want that cultivating some vegetables, fresh flower and green sees mostly Plant and fish etc. are appreciated, but since living space is limited, is difficult to be simutaneously arranged the lower frame for cultivating and fish jar for cultivating these.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides one kind can cultivate flower plant, green simultaneously The applicable diversified plant in the town dweller room of vegetables, water plant, fish, tortoise etc., the vertical cultivation apparatus of aquatic animal.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:The applicable diversified plant in town dweller room, aquatic animal vertically cultivate Device, including support post, the first cultivation plate, the second cultivation plate, planter units tank body, the first turnover device and the second overturning dress It sets, wherein:
The first cultivation plate, the second cultivation plate and water plant and animal box for breeding is arranged in support post from top to bottom;
First cultivation plate cultivates plate including first level and first edge of top tilting cultivates plate around it;
Second cultivation plate, second edge of lower section tilting cultivates plate including the second horizontal cultivation plate and around it;
Planter units tank body is respectively placed in first level cultivation plate, first edge cultivation plate, the second horizontal cultivation plate and the second side Edge cultivates plate;
First turnover device is connected between the bottom of first level cultivation plate and the bottom of first edge cultivation plate;
Second turnover device is connected between the second horizontal cultivation plate and second edge cultivation plate;
The top position of support post also passes through a connecting rod connection ultraviolet disinfection lamp and ventilation device.
Further, first level cultivation plate and the second horizontal cultivation plate are respectively relative to support post and are rotatably attached On it.
Further, support post includes support base and telescopic mast, and first level cultivates plate and the second horizontal cultivation plate It is connected to the flexible post part of support post.
Further, water plant and animal box for breeding are connected to the top of support post by a water pump and drinking-water pipe Planting plants are sprayed position.
Further, planter units tank body is movable or the top of first level cultivation plate and the second horizontal cultivation plate is arranged in Portion, planter units tank body are fixed on the bottom of first edge cultivation plate, and fix or be movably located in first edge and support Grow the top of plate and the top position of second edge cultivation plate.
Further, water plant and animal box for breeding are integrally wrapped in the outside of support post, and water plant and Animal box for breeding is additionally provided with idler wheel and knob.
Further, first level cultivation plate and the second horizontal cultivation plate are disc or polygon disk-like structure, And first edge cultivation plate and second edge cultivation plate are made of anti-corrosive rubber material and metal plates combine.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:Diversified plant of the invention, aquatic animal vertically cultivate Device, whole installation are vertical type structure, set gradually folding first cultivation plate and the second cultivation plate, especially first is supported First edge cultivation the two-sided of plate for growing plate can cultivate plant, take full advantage of the space of cultivation plate, furthermore the first cultivation plate It can be overturn by the first turnover device and second with the first edge cultivation plate and second edge cultivation plate of the second cultivation plate The angle of device rotation adjustment first edge cultivation plate and second edge cultivation plate relative to the first cultivation plate and the second cultivation plate, And then its angle relative to the sun is adjusted, to guarantee that various planting plants have preferable growth performance.
In addition, the water plant and animal of the vertical cultivation apparatus bottom setting of diversified plant of the invention, aquatic animal In box for breeding, water plant such as epipremnum aureum, asparagus fern, fishscale bamboo etc. can be cultivated, can also be breeded fish, the aquatic animals such as tortoise.The dress The use scope set is wider, and area is smaller within doors for occupancy, and cultivation plant and animal is relatively broad, and using effect is good.
Detailed description of the invention
The knot of one embodiment of diversified plant, the vertical cultivation apparatus of aquatic animal that Fig. 1 is applicable in for town dweller room Composition;
Wherein:1- support post, 11- support base, 12- telescopic mast;2- first cultivates plate, and 21- first level cultivates plate, 22- First edge cultivates plate;3- second cultivates plate, the horizontal cultivation plate of 31- second, and 32- second edge cultivates plate;3- second cultivates plate, 4- planter units tank body, the first turnover device of 5-, the second turnover device of 6-, 7- water plant and animal box for breeding, 8- water pump, 9- Drinking-water pipe, 10- idler wheel, 13- knob, 14- connecting rod, 15- ultraviolet disinfection lamp, 16- ventilation device.
Specific embodiment
In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples, the implementation Example for explaining only the invention, does not constitute protection scope of the present invention and limits.
As shown in Figure 1, the applicable diversified plant in town dweller room, the vertical cultivation apparatus of aquatic animal, including support are vertical Column 1, first cultivates plate 2, second and cultivates plate 3, planter units tank body 4, the first turnover device 5 and the second turnover device 6, wherein: The first cultivation plate 2, second is arranged from top to bottom and cultivates plate 3 and water plant and animal box for breeding 7 for support post 1;First cultivation Plate 2 cultivates plate 21 including first level and first edge of top tilting cultivates plate 22 around it;Second cultivation plate 3, including Second horizontal cultivation plate 31 and the second edge that lower section tilts around it cultivate plate 32;Planter units tank body 4 is respectively placed in One horizontal cultivation plate 21, the horizontal cultivation plate 31 of first edge cultivation plate 22, second and second edge cultivate plate 32;First overturning dress 5 are set, is connected between the bottom of first level cultivation plate 21 and the bottom of first edge cultivation plate 22;Second turnover device 6, even It connects between the second horizontal cultivation plate 31 and second edge cultivation plate 32;The top position of support post 1 also passes through a connection Bar 14 connects ultraviolet disinfection lamp 15 and ventilation device 16.
In the above-described embodiments, first level cultivation plate 21 and the second horizontal cultivation plate 31 are respectively relative to support post 1 It is rotatably connected to thereon, under the premise of not changing support post, suitably changes the direct sunlight direction of each cultivation plate.
In the above-described embodiments, support post 1 includes support base 11 and telescopic mast 12, and first level cultivates plate 21 and the Two horizontal cultivation plates 31 are connected to 12 part of telescopic mast of support post 1, and telescope motor or cylinder can be used in telescopic mast 12 It is flexible up and down to start it, is suitable for the more heavier device of planting plants.
In the above-described embodiments, water plant and animal box for breeding 7 pass through a water pump 8 and drinking-water pipe 9 is connected to support The top position of column 1 sprays planting plants, and the water in box for breeding can be made full use of to be recycled.
In the above-described embodiments, 4 activity of planter units tank body or setting are horizontal in first level cultivation plate 21 and second Cultivate the top of plate 31, planter units tank body 4 is fixed on the bottom of first edge cultivation plate 22, and fixed or actively cloth Set the top in first edge cultivation plate 22 and the top position of second edge cultivation plate 32.The cultivation apparatus of this structure can More fully to utilize, the stability used is also preferable.
In the above-described embodiments, water plant and the whole outside for being wrapped in support post 1 of animal box for breeding 7, and water Plant and animal box for breeding 7 are additionally provided with idler wheel 10 and knob 13, are moved easily and replace water.
In the above-described embodiments, first level cultivation plate 21 and the second horizontal cultivation plate 31 are disc or polygon Disk-like structure all has preferable service performance, more beautiful, and first edge cultivation plate 22 and second edge cultivate plate 32 Be made of anti-corrosive rubber material and metal plates combine, service life is longer, and can decorative performance more preferably.
What the embodiment of the present invention was announced is preferred embodiment, and however, it is not limited to this, those skilled in the art, pole Easily according to above-described embodiment, spirit of the invention is understood, and make different amplification and variation, but as long as not departing from of the invention Spirit, all within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. the applicable diversified plant in town dweller room, the vertical cultivation apparatus of aquatic animal, it is characterised in that:Including support post (1), first cultivation plate(2), second cultivation plate(3), planter units tank body(4), the first turnover device(5)With the second turnover device (6), wherein:
Support post(1), the first cultivation plate is set from top to bottom(2), second cultivation plate(3)With water plant and animal box for breeding (7);
First cultivation plate(2), including first level cultivation plate(21)And the first edge that top tilts around it cultivates plate (22);
Second cultivation plate(3), including the second horizontal cultivation plate(31)And the second edge that lower section tilts around it cultivates plate (32);
Planter units tank body(4), it is respectively placed in first level cultivation plate(21), first edge cultivate plate(22), second horizontal support Grow plate(31)Plate is cultivated with second edge(32);
First turnover device(5), it is connected to first level cultivation plate(21)Bottom and first edge cultivate plate(22)Bottom Between;
Second turnover device(6), it is connected to the second horizontal cultivation plate(31)Plate is cultivated with second edge(32)Between;
Support post(1)Top position also pass through a connecting rod(14)Connect ultraviolet disinfection lamp(15)And ventilation device (16).
2. the applicable diversified plant in town dweller room according to claim 1, the vertical cultivation apparatus of aquatic animal, special Sign is:First level cultivates plate(21)With the second horizontal cultivation plate(31)It is respectively relative to support post(1)Rotatably connect It connects on it.
3. the applicable diversified plant in town dweller room according to claim 1, the vertical cultivation apparatus of aquatic animal, special Sign is:Support post(1)Including support base(11)And telescopic mast(12), first level cultivation plate(21)It is horizontal feeding with second Grow plate(31)It is connected to support post(1)Telescopic mast(12)Part.
4. the applicable diversified plant in town dweller room according to claim 1, the vertical cultivation apparatus of aquatic animal, special Sign is:Water plant and animal box for breeding(7)Pass through a water pump(8)And drinking-water pipe(9)It is connected to support post(1)Top Portion sprays planting plants at position.
5. the applicable diversified plant in town dweller room according to any one of claims 1-4, aquatic animal are vertically supported Grow device, it is characterised in that:Planter units tank body(4)Activity or setting are in first level cultivation plate(21)It is horizontal feeding with second Grow plate(31)Top, planter units tank body(4)It is fixed on first edge cultivation plate(22)Bottom, and fixed or activity Ground is arranged in first edge cultivation plate(22)Top and second edge cultivate plate(32)Top position.
6. the applicable diversified plant in town dweller room according to claim 5, the vertical cultivation apparatus of aquatic animal, special Sign is:Water plant and animal box for breeding(7)Entirety is wrapped in support post(1)Outside, and water plant and animal Box for breeding(7)It is additionally provided with idler wheel(10)And knob(13).
7. the applicable diversified plant in town dweller room according to claim 5, the vertical cultivation apparatus of aquatic animal, special Sign is:First level cultivates plate(21)With the second horizontal cultivation plate(31)It is disc or polygon disk-like structure, and And first edge cultivates plate(22)Plate is cultivated with second edge(32)It is made of anti-corrosive rubber material and metal plates combine.
CN201810899306.3A 2018-08-08 2018-08-08 The applicable diversified plant in town dweller room, the vertical cultivation apparatus of aquatic animal Pending CN108901458A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810899306.3A CN108901458A (en) 2018-08-08 2018-08-08 The applicable diversified plant in town dweller room, the vertical cultivation apparatus of aquatic animal

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810899306.3A CN108901458A (en) 2018-08-08 2018-08-08 The applicable diversified plant in town dweller room, the vertical cultivation apparatus of aquatic animal

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN108901458A true CN108901458A (en) 2018-11-30

Family

ID=64397269

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201810899306.3A Pending CN108901458A (en) 2018-08-08 2018-08-08 The applicable diversified plant in town dweller room, the vertical cultivation apparatus of aquatic animal

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN108901458A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109618712A (en) * 2018-12-24 2019-04-16 霸州市辉月网络技术有限公司 A kind of ring light is according to the plantation frame utilized

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IL105601A (en) * 1993-05-04 1997-06-10 N C A Ltd Plant holder
CN205161424U (en) * 2015-10-23 2016-04-20 孙以川 Use urban households to breed case as production unit's planting
CN105850547A (en) * 2016-03-30 2016-08-17 刘厚良 Slideable integrated flower shelf
CN106171602A (en) * 2016-08-17 2016-12-07 卢乐平 A kind of multiple-layer stacked spacing adjustable water-retention planting facility
CN107087510A (en) * 2017-06-07 2017-08-25 绿地集团森茂园林有限公司 Vertical greening wall
CN206517931U (en) * 2016-11-22 2017-09-26 宋德东 A kind of family fishes and shrimps symbiotic fish (shrimp)-vegetable system
CN107494028A (en) * 2017-09-29 2017-12-22 邓爱娜 A kind of waste plastic bottle A fonts automatic-watering multidecker cultivating device
CN207100180U (en) * 2017-09-08 2018-03-16 黄未 Indoor ecological landscape integrating device
CN107820922A (en) * 2017-11-28 2018-03-23 嵩县禾源生态农业有限公司 A kind of fixed mount of Chinese medicine plantation
CN107980599A (en) * 2016-10-26 2018-05-04 陈鸽 A kind of automatic swing tilts and swings upright plantation frame

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IL105601A (en) * 1993-05-04 1997-06-10 N C A Ltd Plant holder
CN205161424U (en) * 2015-10-23 2016-04-20 孙以川 Use urban households to breed case as production unit's planting
CN105850547A (en) * 2016-03-30 2016-08-17 刘厚良 Slideable integrated flower shelf
CN106171602A (en) * 2016-08-17 2016-12-07 卢乐平 A kind of multiple-layer stacked spacing adjustable water-retention planting facility
CN107980599A (en) * 2016-10-26 2018-05-04 陈鸽 A kind of automatic swing tilts and swings upright plantation frame
CN206517931U (en) * 2016-11-22 2017-09-26 宋德东 A kind of family fishes and shrimps symbiotic fish (shrimp)-vegetable system
CN107087510A (en) * 2017-06-07 2017-08-25 绿地集团森茂园林有限公司 Vertical greening wall
CN207100180U (en) * 2017-09-08 2018-03-16 黄未 Indoor ecological landscape integrating device
CN107494028A (en) * 2017-09-29 2017-12-22 邓爱娜 A kind of waste plastic bottle A fonts automatic-watering multidecker cultivating device
CN107820922A (en) * 2017-11-28 2018-03-23 嵩县禾源生态农业有限公司 A kind of fixed mount of Chinese medicine plantation

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109618712A (en) * 2018-12-24 2019-04-16 霸州市辉月网络技术有限公司 A kind of ring light is according to the plantation frame utilized
CN109618712B (en) * 2018-12-24 2021-08-17 霸州市辉月网络技术有限公司 Planting frame that annular illumination utilized

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US8181391B1 (en) Vertical aquaponic micro farm
CN208285961U (en) A kind of gardens cultivation plantation frame
US20180206421A1 (en) Segregated hydroponic assembly
CN113273406A (en) Building block building type multifunctional crop planting and cultivating equipment
CN204306503U (en) The interplanting cultivation device of roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud and dendrobium candidum
CN108901458A (en) The applicable diversified plant in town dweller room, the vertical cultivation apparatus of aquatic animal
CN204707662U (en) A kind of climbing plant stereoscopic cultivating frame
CN206791321U (en) A kind of ecological cat frame
CN205408888U (en) Be fit for cultivation in north height, width, grape trellis hangs down
CN209244317U (en) A kind of corridor that can collect rainwater
CN112673851B (en) Potting device for mangrove plants and application thereof
CN202722198U (en) Vertical landscaping system
CN210275443U (en) Be applied to three-dimensional cultivation device in greenhouse of stem of noble dendrobium cultivation
CN208708231U (en) A kind of ornamental plant cultivation bracket
CN105028292B (en) A kind of suitable the coastal south industrial fish farming greenhouse
CN209768444U (en) Morchella cultivation is with breeding frame that has from shakeout structure
CN208387389U (en) A kind of flower planting flowerpot with height adjustment device
JP2003116381A (en) Floating bed for water surface cultivation with sinking and floating regulating function and system for cultivating crop
CN205884180U (en) Day -light greenhouse
CN207135633U (en) One kind is breeded fish landscape flower bowl of raising flowers
RU126892U1 (en) MODULAR ELEMENTS OF HYDROPONIC INSTALLATION OF MIXED TYPE FOR CREATION OF VERTICAL GARDENS AND VERTICAL GARDENS
TWM608582U (en) Indoor aquaculture and planting symbiosis field structure
CN202127652U (en) Three-dimensional greening planting and water-nutrient feeding device
JP2003023852A (en) Culture soil for plant cultivation, method for cultivating plant at high position using the soil, and bed for cultivating plant at high position
CN207626207U (en) A kind of liana climbing growth holder

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20181130