CN108899494A - 多孔氮掺杂碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
多孔氮掺杂碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000002055 nanoplate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000005002 naphthylamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003837 high-temperature calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- -1 amine compound Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229940043267 rhodamine b Drugs 0.000 description 10
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 7
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108091023037 Aptamer Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MAQAUGBCWORAAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C+4].[O-2].[Fe+2].[O-2].[O-2] Chemical compound [C+4].[O-2].[Fe+2].[O-2].[O-2] MAQAUGBCWORAAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004709 eyebrow Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000720 eyelash Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002135 nanosheet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
本发明属于无机纳米材料制备技术领域,具体涉及一种多孔氮掺杂碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料,即具有层状结构的氧化铁纳米板在其层间及纳米板表面均有包覆层,包覆层为氮掺杂碳,氮掺杂碳为多孔结构,增强了有机碳与氧化铁的紧密接触,最大限度的发挥二者的协同效应,有利于其光电性能的提高,应用前景广泛;本发明同时提供其制备方法,利用氯氧化铁和为有机胺类化合物为原料,原料价格低廉,储量丰富,环境友好,同时利用插层反应和煅烧的工艺,简单,操作方便,成分可控,成本低、适合规模化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于无机纳米材料制备技术领域,具体涉及一种多孔氮掺杂碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
当今社会经济的快速发展带来了环境的污染和能源的耗竭,已经严重威胁人类的生存和健康。开发新颖的材料处理能源危机和环境污染,实现人类的可持续发展已经迫在眉睫。复合材料可以有效地避免单一材料地局限,最大限度的发挥材料的性能,因而备受关注。特别是氧化铁基材料,由于具有丰富的储量,价格低廉,对环境友好等诸多优点,在处理环境污染和解决能源危机方面具有很大的优势。氧化铁和有机碳材料构成的有机-无机复合纳米材料在锂电、催化、吸附、传感、电极等领域具有很大地应用前景。例如,发明专利(201711318852.5)公布了一种锂离子电池碳布基负极氧化铁的制备方法,具有优异的锂电性能;发明专利(201711168333.5)公布了一种氧化铁/碳纳米管复合电极材料,具有较高的比电容和较好的倍率性能;发明专利(201711086340.0)公布了一种碳包覆氧化铁纳米管;发明专利(201610182535.4)公布了一种掺N多孔碳/氧化铁复合粉体,作为活性电极材料单极比电容可达279.5F/g以上;发明专利(201410785069.X)公布了一种碳-氧化铁纳米复合材料,具有优异的光催化降解有机污染物性能;发明专利(201611188873.5)公布了一种负载氧化铁的生物质碳化微球,对废水中铅、镉吸附性能好;发明专利(201710633240.9)公布了一种氧化铁-介孔碳锂离子电池负极材料的制备方法,可显著提高电极材料的可逆电容量和循环稳定性;发明专利(201710427576.X)公布了一种氧化铁-介孔碳(Fe3O4@C)纳米复合材料,适体传感器具有高灵敏度和选择性。但是,目前氧化铁与碳材料的复合只是局限于碳材料在氧化铁的表面包覆,碳材料对氧化铁的包覆面积较小。目前,对于同时具备表面包覆和层间包覆的氧化铁-碳复合材料及其制备方法还未见报道。此外,现有技术中通常将铁盐分散于碳前驱体中进行煅烧制备,难以精确控制包覆结构,限制了其复合材料性能的发挥。
对于氧化铁-有机碳复合纳米材料,二者间的接触面积对性能的优劣起到关键作用。但是目前所制备的氧化铁-有机碳复合纳米材料,块体之间的接触限制了其接触面积,难以最大限度的发挥二者的协同效应。因此,采用新型的制备手段制备具有高接触面积的氧化铁-有机碳复合纳米材料是目前研究的难点。此外,如何利用简单的制备方法,简化工艺,降低成本,实现工业化的转化也是现阶段的研究重点。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种多孔氮掺杂碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料,提高了有机碳与氧化铁的接触面积,提升了其光电性能;本发明目的还在于提供所述多孔氮掺杂碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料的制备方法,具有工艺流程简单、成本低、适合规模化生产等优点。
本发明所述的多孔氮掺杂碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料,即具有层状结构的氧化铁纳米板在其层间及纳米板表面均有包覆层,包覆层为氮掺杂碳,氮掺杂碳为多孔结构。
本发明所述的多孔氮掺杂碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料的制备方法,是以具有层状结构的氯氧化铁为主体,利用有机胺在氯氧化铁层间的插层形成插层复合物,然后将插层复合物经高温煅烧所得,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)将氯氧化铁和有机胺分散在有机溶剂中,然后在60-200℃温度下溶剂热反应1-36h,得产物A;
(2)将产物A洗涤、干燥得产物B;
(3)将产物B在气氛保护下煅烧:即以1-15℃/min的升温速率升温至500-900℃后保温1-6h,得成品。
其中:
有机胺为芳香胺类、萘胺、酰胺类中的一种或复配。
有机溶剂为乙腈、乙醇或丙酮中的一种。
步骤(1)中氯氧化铁、有机胺、有机溶剂的摩尔比为1:(5-30):(100-1000)。
步骤(2)中洗涤所用洗涤剂为水、丙酮或乙醇中的一种。
步骤(2)中干燥温度为50-100℃,干燥时间为1-24h。
煅烧所用气氛为氮气或氩气。
本发明氯氧化铁的制备方法为,以三氯化铁为原料,在200-270℃下煅烧制得。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有以下有益效果。
(1)本发明所制备的多孔氮掺杂碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料具有新颖的包覆结构,增强了有机碳与氧化铁的紧密接触,最大限度的发挥二者的协同效应,有利于其光电性能的提高,应用前景广泛;
(2)本发明制备时,利用氯氧化铁和为有机胺类化合物为原料,原料价格低廉,储量丰富,环境友好,同时利用插层反应和煅烧的工艺,简单,操作方便,成分可控,是一种制备具有包覆结构的纳米片复合材料的新的制备方法。
附图说明
图1、实施例1中所制得产物B的XRD图;
图2、实施例1中所制得多孔氮掺杂碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料的XRD图;
图3、实施例1中所制得多孔氮掺杂碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料的TEM图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例和说明书附图对本发明做进一步说明。
实施例1-10中所用氯氧化铁均为以三氯化铁为原料,在270℃下煅烧制得。
实施例1
(1)将0.05g氯氧化铁和0.5mL苯胺分散到20mL乙腈中,于90℃反应12h,得溶剂热产物A;
(2)将溶剂热产物A用乙醇洗涤三次,然后在80℃干燥12h,得产物B;
(3)将产物B在氮气气氛下煅烧,即5℃/min的升温速率升温至700℃后保温4h得多孔碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板成品。
由图1可知,氯氧化铁(010)峰的消失(11.05o)和新出现的特征峰(12.5o),表明产物B中苯胺成功插层进入氯氧化铁层间;
由图2可知,煅烧产物为氮掺杂碳包覆氧化铁,氮掺杂碳的晶型为无定形结构;
由图3可知,所制得成品为纳米板,纳米板的表面存在纳米孔,氮掺杂碳包覆于氧化铁的表面,同时也存在于在层状氧化铁纳米板的层间。
为了进一步说明所制得多孔氮掺杂碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料的优异性能,以光催化性能为例进行说明:将0.05g本实施例所制得的成品加入到100mL浓度为10mg/L的罗丹明B溶液中,黑暗中搅拌30min后,加入0.5mL浓度为30wt%的双氧水进行降解实验。对罗丹明B的降解可知,本实施例所制得的多孔氮掺杂碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料在60分钟内可完全降解罗丹明B。
实施例2
如实施例1所述,所不同的是加入0.5g二苯胺于乙醇中120℃反应20h,煅烧时将产物B在氮气气氛下于2℃/min升温至900℃保温5h后得多孔碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料。本实施例所制得的成品在60min内可完全降解罗丹明B。
实施例3
如实施例1所述,所不同的是加入1.0mL二甲基苯胺于乙醇中180℃反应10h,煅烧时将产物B在氮气气氛下于10℃/min升温至850℃保温4h后得多孔碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料。本实施例所制得的成品在60min内可降解98%罗丹明B。
实施例4
如实施例1所述,所不同的是加入1.0mL二甲基甲酰胺于乙腈中200℃反应1h,煅烧时将产物B在氩气气氛下于15℃/min升温至850℃保温4h后得多孔碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料。本实施例所制得的成品在60min内可完全降解罗丹明B。
实施例5
如实施例1所述,所不同的是加入1.0mL二甲基甲酰胺于乙腈中200℃反应1h,煅烧时将产物B在氩气气氛下于15℃/min升温至850℃保温4h后得多孔碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料。本实施例所制得的成品在60min内可完全降解罗丹明B。
实施例6
如实施例1所述,所不同的是加入的是0.1g萘胺于乙醇中150℃反应24h,煅烧时以15℃/分钟的升温速率升至850℃保温2h后得多孔碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料。本实施例所制得的成品在60min内可完全降解罗丹明B。
实施例7
如实施例1所述,所不同的是步骤(1)中加入1.5mL苯胺,煅烧时以8℃/分钟的升温速率升至750℃保温2h后得多孔碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料。本实施例所制得的成品在60min内可降解95%的罗丹明B材料。本实施例所制得的成品在60min内可降解95%的罗丹明B。
实施例8
如实施例1所述,所不同的步骤(1)中加入50mL乙腈,步骤(2)中采用水洗涤,干燥时间为24h,干燥温度为50℃,步骤(3)煅烧时以5℃/分钟的升温速率升至800℃保温3h后得多孔碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料。本实施例所制得的成品在60min内可降解95%的罗丹明B。
实施例9
如实施例1所述,所不同的步骤(1)中加入50mL乙腈,于60℃溶剂热反应36h,步骤(2)中采用丙酮洗涤,干燥时间为1h,干燥温度为100℃。本实施例所制得的成品在60min内可完全降解罗丹明B。
实施例10
如实施例1所述,所不同的步骤(1)中加入20mL丙酮于100℃溶剂热反应36h。本实施例所制得的成品在60min内可完全降解罗丹明B。
实施例11
如实施例1所述,所不同的是步骤(1)中加入1.0mL苯胺和0.03g萘胺。本实施例所制得的成品在60min内可降解100%的罗丹明B。
Claims (10)
1.一种多孔氮掺杂碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料,其特征在于:具有层状结构的氧化铁纳米板在其层间及纳米板表面均有包覆层,包覆层为氮掺杂碳,氮掺杂碳为多孔结构。
2.一种多孔氮掺杂碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料的制备方法,其特征在于:以具有层状结构的氯氧化铁为主体,利用有机胺在氯氧化铁层间的插层形成插层复合物,然后将插层复合物经高温煅烧所得。
3.根据权利要求1所述的多孔氮掺杂碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料的制备方法,其特征在于:具体包括以下步骤:
(1)将氯氧化铁和有机胺分散在有机溶剂中,然后在60-200℃温度下溶剂热反应1-36h,得产物A;
(2)将产物A洗涤、干燥得产物B;
(3)将产物B在气氛保护下煅烧:即以1-15℃/min的升温速率升温至500-900℃后保温1-6h,得成品。
4.根据权利要求3所述的多孔氮掺杂碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料的制备方法,其特征在于:有机胺为芳香胺类、萘胺、酰胺类中的一种或复配。
5.根据权利要求3所述的多孔氮掺杂碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料的制备方法,其特征在于:有机溶剂为乙腈、乙醇或丙酮中的一种。
6.根据权利要求3所述的多孔氮掺杂碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中氯氧化铁、有机胺、有机溶剂的摩尔比为1:(5-30):(100-1000)。
7.根据权利要求3所述的多孔氮掺杂碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中洗涤所用洗涤剂为水、丙酮或乙醇中的一种。
8.根据权利要求3所述的多孔氮掺杂碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中干燥温度为50-100℃,干燥时间为1-24h。
9.根据权利要求3所述的多孔氮掺杂碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料的制备方法,其特征在于:煅烧所用气氛为氮气或氩气。
10.根据权利要求2-9所述的多孔氮掺杂碳插层包覆氧化铁纳米板材料的制备方法,其特征在于:氯氧化铁为以三氯化铁为原料,在200-270℃下煅烧制得。
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