CN108889103A - 一种用于堆肥尾气脱臭的设备 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于堆肥尾气脱臭的设备,依次包括水洗喷淋系统、干燥装置、低温等离子体系统和排空装置;所述水洗喷淋系统具有进气口、水箱、喷淋水泵、喷淋分布器、填料、视窗、排水口和溢流口,堆肥尾气通过进气口进入到水洗喷淋系统中,通过投加在水洗喷淋系统中的微生物菌剂与尾气充分逆流吸收后,降低尾气中挥发性有机物的浓度。该设备在处理堆肥尾气时,可通过吸收作用和氧化分解作用将尾气中的挥发性有机物浓度降低到一定的水平,最终实现达标排放的目的。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于废气处理技术及环境保护领域,更具体地说是一种利用水洗喷淋系统联合低温等离子体系统处理堆肥尾气的设备。
背景技术
恶臭污染已成为堆肥过程中的主要环境问题。堆肥作为一种生物加工技术,在处理畜禽粪便方面具有低能耗、低成本等优点,但在堆肥过程中会产生大量臭气,如氨气(NH3)、硫化氢(H2S)、二氧化硫(SO2)、硫醇类、胺类、酰胺类等挥发性有机化合物,这些臭气不仅给操作人员带来直接的嗅觉刺激,甚至长期在这样的环境中工作可导致呼吸道疾病,而且进入大气后可造成酸雨及水体富营养化等环境破坏,尾气处理问题刻不容缓。
目前,针对堆肥过程中产生的臭气除臭的设备有很多,如燃烧设备、生物滤池、药剂吸收设备、多介质催化氧化设备、低温等离子技术设备等,其中各类设备都存在自身的缺陷,未能真正实现使用范围广、净化效率高、流量范围宽、浓度范围宽等要求,针对以上设备存在的缺点,设计发明了一种可用于堆肥尾气脱臭的设备。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对堆肥尾气处理设备现有技术缺陷,提供一种利用水洗喷淋系统联合低温等离子体系统处理堆肥尾气的设备。该设备在处理堆肥尾气时,可通过吸收作用和氧化分解作用将尾气中的挥发性有机物浓度降低到一定的水平,最终实现达标排放的目的。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供的技术方案是:
一种用于堆肥尾气脱臭的设备,依次包括水洗喷淋系统、干燥装置、低温等离子体系统和排空装置;
所述水洗喷淋系统具有进气口、水箱、喷淋水泵、喷淋分布器、填料、视窗、排水口和溢流口,堆肥尾气通过进气口进入到水洗喷淋系统中,通过投加在水洗喷淋系统中的微生物菌剂与尾气充分逆流吸收后,降低尾气中挥发性有机物的浓度;
在所述水洗喷淋系统与低温等离子体系统之间设有干燥装置,通过干燥装置内部的脱水剂脱除尾气中的水汽;
脱水后的尾气进入低温等离子体系统中,在高能电子的瞬时高能量作用下,利用大量高能电子、离子、激发态粒子和氧自由基、氢氧自由基的作用将尾气组分氧化分解成无害产物,使其直接分解成单质原子或无害分子;
尾气经低温等离子体系统处理后经过引风机进入排空装置。
进一步的,所述水箱位于水洗喷淋系统最下端,喷淋水泵安装在水箱顶部的喷淋塔外部,通过连接在水箱的底阀将水提升至喷淋水管中,通过喷淋分布器自上而下喷出。
进一步的,所述填料被填充在各级喷淋隔间中,并可以通过视窗观察到喷淋效果。
进一步的,通过水箱内部的液位控制进行自动补水,水箱中多余的水可通过溢流口进入排水口排放。
进一步的,所述水箱底部设有恒温系统,保证喷淋系统运行所需温度。
进一步的,定期更干燥装置内的换脱水剂并通过排水阀定期排放多余的水分。
通过在管路末端设置的在线检测仪分析处理的尾气,若达到排放标准开启排空阀直接排放,若未达到排放标准,排空阀紧闭并打开循环管路阀门,让尾气通过循环管路回到水洗喷淋系统前端再次处理,直至达标排放。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
本发明中堆肥尾气首先进入水洗喷淋系统,通过预先投加在水洗系统中的微生物菌剂与尾气充分逆流吸收后,降低了尾气中各类挥发性有机物的浓度;紧接着通过干燥装置减少进入低温等离子系统中水汽的量,避免水汽给系统带来不必要的影响及安全隐患;在高能电子的瞬时高能量作用下,利用大量高能电子、离子、激发态粒子和氧自由基、氢氧自由基等作用氧化分解成无害产物,使其直接分解成单质原子或无害分子,最终达到去除恶臭尾气的效果,实现尾气达标排放的目的。处理后气体达到《恶臭污染物排放标准》(GB14554-93)一级标准。
附图说明
图1:本发明的用于堆肥尾气脱臭的设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
一种用于堆肥尾气脱臭的设备,包括水洗喷淋系统1、干燥装置2、低温等离子体系统3、排空装置4。该设备的四大部分彼此独立又相互联系。水洗喷淋系统由进气口5、水箱6、喷淋水泵7、喷淋分布器8、填料9、视窗10、排水口11、溢流口12组成。堆肥尾气通过进气口5进入到水洗喷淋系统中;水箱6位于水洗喷淋系统最下端,喷淋水泵7安装在水箱顶部,但处于喷淋塔外部,通过连接在水箱的底阀将水提升至喷淋水管中,通过喷淋分布器8自上而下喷出;填料9被填充在各级喷淋隔间中,并可以通过视窗10观察到喷淋效果;通过水箱6内部的液位控制19进行自动补水,水箱中多余的水可通过溢流口12进入排水口11排放;水箱6底部设有恒温系统18,可保证喷淋系统全年运行所需温度需要。
考虑到喷淋过程中尾气带有大量的水汽可能给后续低温等离子体系统3带来不必要的影响及安全隐患,在尾气进入低温等离子体系统3前设置干燥装置2,通过干燥装置2内部的脱水剂13脱除尾气中的水汽,定期更换脱水剂13并通过排水阀14定期排放多余的水分。
经过脱水后的尾气进入低温等离子体系统3中,在高能电子的瞬时高能量作用下,利用大量高能电子、离子、激发态粒子和氧自由基、氢氧自由基等作用将尾气组分氧化分解成无害产物,使其直接分解成单质原子或无害分子。
尾气经低温等离子体系统3处理后经过引风机20进入排空装置4,通过在管路末端设置的在线检测仪15分析处理的尾气是否达标来进行下一步动作,若达到排放标准开启排空阀16直接排放,若未达到排放标准,排空阀16紧闭并打开循环管路阀门17,让尾气通过循环管路回到水洗喷淋系统前端再次处理,直至达标排放。
采用上述方案后,本发明设备可通过各个环节间相互作用可实现堆肥尾气脱臭的目的,最终达到尾气达标排放的目标。
所述微生物菌剂可选用恶臭假单胞菌(Pseudomonas putida)ATCC 17485、寡养单胞菌(Stenotrophomonas)NAECC 1863、短小芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus)CMCC 63202、铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)ATCC 27853、肺炎克雷伯氏菌(KlebsiellaPneumoniae)ATCC 10031、门多萨假单胞菌(Pseudomonas mendocina)ATCC 13884、地衣芽孢杆菌(Baclicus lincheniformis)ATCC 11946中的一种或几种。
该系统的具体操作步骤包括:
(1)打开引风机,让堆肥尾气进入管路,开启水洗喷淋系统中的水泵,让喷淋水自上而下与尾气逆流充分接触并吸收,并通过微生物菌剂的进一步作用降低气体浓度;
(2)气体离开水洗喷淋系统后进入到干燥装置中,通过干燥剂的作用脱除气体中绝大部分的水汽后进入到低温等离子体系统;
(3)开启低温等离子体系统,在高能电子的瞬时高能量作用下与尾气进行反应,将尾气中的挥发性有机物氧化分解成无害物质;
(4)通过在管路末端设置的在线检测仪分析处理的尾气是否达标来进行下一步动作,若达到排放标准开启排空阀直接排放,若未达到排放标准,排空阀紧闭并打开循环管路阀门,让尾气通过循环管路回到水洗喷淋系统前端再次处理,直至达标排放。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制,任何熟悉本专业的技术人员,在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内,依据本发明的技术实质,对以上实施例所作的任何简单的修改、等同替换与改进等,均仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种用于堆肥尾气脱臭的设备,其特征在于:依次包括水洗喷淋系统(1)、干燥装置(2)、低温等离子体系统(3)和排空装置(4);
所述水洗喷淋系统具有进气口(5)、水箱(6)、喷淋水泵(7)、喷淋分布器(8)、填料(9)、视窗(10)、排水口(11)和溢流口(12),堆肥尾气通过进气口(5)进入到水洗喷淋系统中,通过投加在水洗喷淋系统中的微生物菌剂与尾气充分逆流吸收后,降低尾气中挥发性有机物的浓度;
在所述水洗喷淋系统(1)与低温等离子体系统(3)之间设有干燥装置(2),通过干燥装置(2)内部的脱水剂(13)脱除尾气中的水汽;
脱水后的尾气进入低温等离子体系统(3)中,在高能电子的瞬时高能量作用下,利用大量高能电子、离子、激发态粒子和氧自由基、氢氧自由基的作用将尾气组分氧化分解成无害产物,使其直接分解成单质原子或无害分子;
尾气经低温等离子体系统(3)处理后经过引风机(20)进入排空装置(4)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于堆肥尾气脱臭的设备,其特征在于:所述水箱(6)位于水洗喷淋系统最下端,喷淋水泵(7)安装在水箱顶部的喷淋塔外部,通过连接在水箱的底阀将水提升至喷淋水管中,通过喷淋分布器(8)自上而下喷出。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于堆肥尾气脱臭的设备,其特征在于:所述填料(9)被填充在各级喷淋隔间中,可通过视窗(10)观察到喷淋效果。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于堆肥尾气脱臭的设备,其特征在于:通过水箱(6)内部的液位控制(19)进行自动补水,水箱(6)中多余的水可通过溢流口(12)进入排水口(11)排放。
5.根据权利要求1所述的用于堆肥尾气脱臭的设备,其特征在于:所述水箱(6)底部设有恒温系统(18),保证喷淋系统运行所需温度。
6.根据权利要求1所述的用于堆肥尾气脱臭的设备,其特征在于:定期更干燥装置(2)内的换脱水剂(13)并通过排水阀(14)定期排放多余的水分。
7.根据权利要求1所述的用于堆肥尾气脱臭的设备,其特征在于:通过在管路末端设置的在线检测仪(15)分析处理的尾气,若达到排放标准开启排空阀(16)直接排放,若未达到排放标准,排空阀(16)紧闭并打开循环管路阀门(17),让尾气通过循环管路回到水洗喷淋系统前端再次处理,直至达标排放。
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