CN108884865A - 多列圆筒滚子轴承 - Google Patents

多列圆筒滚子轴承 Download PDF

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CN108884865A
CN108884865A CN201680083190.5A CN201680083190A CN108884865A CN 108884865 A CN108884865 A CN 108884865A CN 201680083190 A CN201680083190 A CN 201680083190A CN 108884865 A CN108884865 A CN 108884865A
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roller bearing
roller
parallel
bearing portion
cylinder
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CN108884865B (zh
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萩原继久
中泽芳司
田口和久
仓科和彦
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Harmonic Drive Systems Inc
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/38—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/38—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers
    • F16C19/381—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with at least one row for radial load in combination with at least one row for axial load
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/52—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions
    • F16C19/522—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions related to load on the bearing, e.g. bearings with load sensors or means to protect the bearing against overload
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/583—Details of specific parts of races
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/583—Details of specific parts of races
    • F16C33/585—Details of specific parts of races of raceways, e.g. ribs to guide the rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/583—Details of specific parts of races
    • F16C33/586—Details of specific parts of races outside the space between the races, e.g. end faces or bore of inner ring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/60—Raceways; Race rings divided or split, e.g. comprising two juxtaposed rings
    • F16C33/605—Raceways; Race rings divided or split, e.g. comprising two juxtaposed rings with a separate retaining member, e.g. flange, shoulder, guide ring, secured to a race ring, adjacent to the race surface, so as to abut the end of the rolling elements, e.g. rollers, or the cage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C39/00—Relieving load on bearings
    • F16C39/02—Relieving load on bearings using mechanical means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

在多列圆筒滚子轴承(1)中，一方的圆筒滚子轴承采用交叉滚子轴承部(10)，另一方的圆筒滚子轴承采用平行圆筒滚子轴承部(20)。交叉滚子轴承部(1)侧的第1圆筒滚子(11)与平行圆筒滚子轴承部(20)侧的第2圆筒滚子(21)在它们的轴承中心轴线(1a)方向上的相对位置关系未受到约束。因此，能够廉价地实现加工和组装容易的高刚性的轴承。另外，能够抑制轴承滑动部分的摩擦扭矩的增大、轴承性能的变动。

Description

多列圆筒滚子轴承
技术领域
本发明涉及加工和组装容易的高刚性的多列圆筒滚子轴承。
背景技术
作为高刚性的圆筒滚子轴承，已知专利文献1、2所记载的多列角接触圆筒滚子轴承。对于多列角接触圆筒滚子轴承而言，内外圈之间形成有2条滚子轨道，向同一方向以45度的角度倾斜配置的圆筒滚子以能够滚动的状态而分别插入于滚子轨道。在插入于一条滚子轨道的圆筒滚子和插入于另一条滚子轨道的圆筒滚子之间，其倾斜方向相反，彼此的滚子中心轴线正交。
多列角接触圆筒滚子轴承能够承受沿着与其轴承中心轴线平行的方向而作用的轴向载荷、和沿着轴承半径方向而作用的径向载荷这两种载荷。另外，与相同外径的交叉滚子轴承等相比，能够实现刚性较高且负荷容量较大的轴承。
专利文献
专利文献1：日本特开平5-44720号公报
专利文献2：国际公开第2009/020087号
发明内容
对于多列角接触圆筒滚子轴承而言，对形成于内外圈的滚子轨道进行规定的外圈侧轨道面和内圈侧轨道面相对于轴承中心轴线倾斜45度。因此，在圆筒滚子插入于2条滚子轨道的状态下，插入于左右侧的滚子轨道的圆筒滚子被外圈侧轨道面和内圈侧轨道面从轴承中心轴线方向夹持。即，2列圆筒滚子在它们的轴承中心轴线方向上的相对位置受到约束。
因此，在插入有圆筒滚子而组装内外圈的状态下，一对内圈侧轨道面和一对外圈侧轨道面分别需要在轴承中心轴线方向上高精度地对置。因此，需要使内外圈的轨道面间的轴承中心轴线方向上的错位收敛于作为圆筒滚子的滚子直径的偏差水平的几μm以内。因此，需要高精度地进行内外圈的加工和组装，制造成本也会升高。
另外，当由于内外圈的加工误差等缘故而导致内圈侧轨道面与外圈侧轨道面之间的轴承中心轴线方向上的错位超过几μm时，会产生以下问题等：难以对轴承进行组装，过大的力施加于轨道面或者圆筒滚子，轨道面与圆筒滚子的滚动面之间的滑动部分等的摩擦扭矩变大，轴承性能的变动增大。
以往，为了避免这样的问题，采用与相同尺寸的交叉滚子轴承相比而直径较小的圆筒滚子。因此，轴承的额定载荷较小。
鉴于这样的问题，本发明的目的在于提供加工和组装容易的高刚性的多列圆筒滚子轴承。
为了解决上述问题，本发明的多列圆筒滚子轴承中，一方的圆筒滚子轴承采用了交叉滚子轴承，另一方的圆筒滚子轴承采用了平行圆筒滚子轴承。在交叉滚子轴承侧的圆筒滚子和平行圆筒滚子轴承侧的圆筒滚子之间，轴承中心轴线方向上的相对位置未受到约束。
即，无需将内外圈的加工、组装的精度提高到圆筒滚子的公差水平，从而加工和组装变得容易，能够降低成本。另外，能够抑制由内外圈的加工、组装误差引起的摩擦扭矩的增大、轴承性能的变动等。此外，由于无需减小圆筒滚子的尺寸，因此能够抑制强度的降低。
附图说明
图1是表示应用了本发明的多列圆筒滚子轴承的半剖视图。
具体实施方式
以下，参照图1对应用了本发明的组合圆筒滚子轴承的实施方式进行说明。多列圆筒滚子轴承1具有：外圈2和内圈3；以及在外圈2与内圈3之间形成于轴承中心轴线1a的方向上的一侧的交叉滚子轴承部10、和形成于另一侧的平行圆筒滚子轴承部20。在以下说明中，将排列于交叉滚子轴承部10的圆筒滚子称为第1圆筒滚子11，将排列于平行圆筒滚子轴承部20的圆筒滚子称为第2圆筒滚子21。
在交叉滚子轴承部10，在外圈2的圆形内周面形成有V形轨道槽12。V形轨道槽12由相对于轴承中心轴线1a以45度的角度而反向倾斜、且彼此正交的倾斜轨道面13、14来规定。同样地，在内圈3的圆形外周面形成有V形轨道槽15。V形轨道槽15由相对于轴承中心轴线1a以45度的角度而反向倾斜、且彼此正交的倾斜轨道面16、17来规定。
第1圆筒滚子11沿着倾斜轨道面13、14、16、17排列成滚子中心轴线交替地正交的状态。向一侧倾斜的第1圆筒滚子11(滚子中心轴线沿点划线11a的方向延伸的第1圆筒滚子)沿着倾斜轨道面14、16滚动。向另一侧倾斜的第1圆筒滚子11(滚子中心轴线沿点划线11b的方向延伸的第1圆筒滚子)沿着倾斜轨道面13、17滚动。
在平行圆筒滚子轴承部20，在外圈2的圆形内周面形成有恒定深度的矩形轨道槽22。在矩形轨道槽22的槽底面形成有与轴承中心轴线1a平行的平行轨道面23。同样地，在内圈3的圆形外周面形成有恒定深度的矩形轨道槽24，在矩形轨道槽24的槽底面形成有与轴承中心轴线1a平行的平行轨道面25。第2圆筒滚子21沿着一对平行轨道面23、25而排列成它们的滚子中心轴线21a与轴承中心轴线1a平行的状态。
交叉滚子轴承部10可以是满装滚子型交叉滚子轴承、或者具有用于将各第1圆筒滚子11保持为恒定间隔的保持器(未图示)的交叉滚子轴承。同样地，平行圆筒滚子轴承部20可以是满装滚子型圆筒滚子轴承、或者具有用于将各第2圆筒滚子21保持为恒定间隔的保持器(未图示)的圆筒滚子轴承。
本例的平行圆筒滚子轴承部20中，形成于外圈2和内圈3的矩形轨道槽22、24在外圈2和内圈3的端面2a、3a开口。在内圈3的圆环状端面3a安装有恒定厚度的圆环状的滚子按压件4(保持器压板)。滚子按压件4的外周缘部分4a将在内圈3的矩形轨道槽24的端面3a露出的槽开口24a的半径方向的内周侧部分覆盖。利用滚子按压件4来防止第2圆筒滚子21(或者保持器)从矩形轨道槽22、24沿轴承中心轴线1a方向而脱落。
另外，在交叉滚子轴承部10中，在组装状态下，外圈2与内圈3之间在轴承中心轴线1a方向上形成为微施压的状态。与此相对，在平行圆筒滚子轴承部20中，在第2圆筒滚子21的外周面与平行轨道面23或者平行轨道面25之间，在半径方向上形成有微小的间隙(径向间隙)。即，设定为：与第2圆筒滚子21的外径尺寸相比，组装状态下的外圈侧的平行轨道面23与内圈侧的平行轨道面25之间的间隔稍大。
交叉滚子轴承部10能够承担径向载荷、轴向载荷以及力矩载荷，平行圆筒滚子轴承部20能够承担径向载荷和力矩载荷。本例中，如上所述，平行圆筒滚子轴承部20的第2圆筒滚子21与平行轨道面23或者25之间形成有径向间隙。因此，载荷主要由交叉滚子轴承部10来承担。即，在轻载荷时，交叉滚子轴承部10主要承担作用载荷。在径向载荷、力矩载荷较大的重载荷时，交叉滚子轴承部10的部分发生变形，从而平行圆筒滚子轴承部20也承担径向载荷、力矩载荷。
该结构的多列圆筒滚子轴承1中，交叉滚子轴承部10的第1圆筒滚子11在轴承中心轴线1a方向上的位置，受到对形成于内外圈的V形轨道槽12、15进行规定的倾斜轨道面13、14、16、17的约束。与此相对，平行圆筒滚子轴承部20的第2圆筒滚子21能够沿形成于内外圈的平行轨道面23、25而在轴承中心轴线1a方向上移动，在轴承中心轴线1a方向上未受到约束。因此，第1、第2圆筒滚子11、21的轴承中心轴线1a方向上的相对位置关系并未固定(图1中的滚子中心间距离D并未固定)。形成于内外圈的V形轨道槽12、15和矩形轨道槽22、24的轴承中心轴线1a方向上的尺寸公差无需与对第1、第2圆筒滚子11、21所要求的尺寸公差为相同程度，可以是一般公差。
因此，能够廉价地实现加工和组装容易的高刚性的轴承。另外，能够防止或抑制在组装状态下不必要的力作用于第1、第2圆筒滚子11、21，降低滑动部分的摩擦扭矩，轴承性能实现稳定化。此外，无需为了使加工、组装变得容易、降低摩擦转矩等而减小所使用的第1、第2圆筒滚子的尺寸。

Claims (3)

1.一种多列圆筒滚子轴承，其特征在于，具有：
外圈和内圈；
在所述外圈与所述内圈之间形成于轴承中心轴线方向上的一侧的交叉滚子轴承部、和形成于另一侧的平行圆筒滚子轴承部；
排列于所述交叉滚子轴承部的多个第1圆筒滚子；以及
排列于所述平行圆筒滚子轴承部的多个第2圆筒滚子，
在所述交叉滚子轴承部，在所述外圈和所述内圈分别形成有V形轨道槽，所述V形轨道槽分别由相对于所述轴承中心轴线以45度的角度而反向倾斜、且彼此正交的倾斜轨道面来规定，所述第1圆筒滚子沿着所述倾斜轨道面排列成：它们的滚子中心轴线交替地正交的状态，
在所述平行圆筒滚子轴承部，在所述外圈和所述内圈分别形成有矩形轨道槽，在所述矩形轨道槽各自的槽底面形成有与所述轴承中心轴线平行的平行轨道面，所述第2圆筒滚子沿着所述平行轨道面排列成：它们的滚子中心轴线与轴承中心轴线平行的状态。
2.根据权利要求1所述的多列圆筒滚子轴承，其特征在于，
所述平行圆筒滚子轴承部的所述第2圆筒滚子的外周面与所述平行轨道面之间形成有径向间隙。
3.根据权利要求1所述的多列圆筒滚子轴承，其特征在于，
所述矩形轨道槽在所述外圈和所述内圈的所述平行圆筒滚子轴承部侧的端面开口，
在所述内圈的所述端面安装有用于防止所述第2圆筒滚子沿所述轴承中心轴线方向而从所述矩形轨道槽脱落的滚子按压件。
CN201680083190.5A 2016-03-30 2016-03-30 多列圆筒滚子轴承 Active CN108884865B (zh)

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US20210207652A1 (en) 2021-07-08
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WO2017168611A1 (ja) 2017-10-05
CN108884865B (zh) 2020-06-23

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