CN108871893B - Method for preparing soil body by soil body preparation device for on-site soil body direct shear test - Google Patents
Method for preparing soil body by soil body preparation device for on-site soil body direct shear test Download PDFInfo
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- CN108871893B CN108871893B CN201810651257.1A CN201810651257A CN108871893B CN 108871893 B CN108871893 B CN 108871893B CN 201810651257 A CN201810651257 A CN 201810651257A CN 108871893 B CN108871893 B CN 108871893B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 134
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 112
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007660 shear property test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003003 spiro group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005476 size effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002522 swelling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
- G01N2001/2873—Cutting or cleaving
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
A method for preparing soil by using a soil preparation device for an on-site soil direct shear test comprises a preparation component and a loading component, wherein the preparation component comprises the following steps: including underframe, bottom plate, flexible subassembly and go up the cartridge on, flexible subassembly articulates on the underframe, and bottom plate movable mounting goes up the cartridge and is located flexible subassembly in the underframe, loading assembly: including first jack, biography power frame, fixed connection at the mount on flexible subassembly top, the one end fixed connection of first jack is on the mount, and other one end supports and leans on the terminal surface of biography power frame, and the one end that first jack was kept away from to the biography power frame supports and leans on going up the box.
Description
The invention relates to a divisional application with the application number of 2016102125710 and the patent name of a device and a method for preparing soil for a field soil direct shear test and a direct shear test.
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for preparing a soil body by using a soil body preparation device for an on-site soil body direct shear test.
Background
In recent years, the related theories, designs and constructions of underground engineering and slope engineering are deeply researched, and the deformation damage of geotechnical engineering is mostly caused by shear damage, so that the accurate measurement of the shear strength parameters of the geotechnical body plays an important role in the geotechnical engineering. In the test of testing the shear strength of the rock-soil mass, the direct shear test is widely applied due to the simple operation method and clear principle.
Due to the limitations of field test conditions and expenses, the rock-soil body direct shear test still mainly takes a laboratory small-size test as a main test. The method has the advantages that the boundary conditions are easy to control, and rock and soil mass shear strength parameters under different states can be obtained by adopting various methods such as direct shear test, triaxial test, torsional shear test and the like; its disadvantages are mainly manifested in the following two aspects: firstly, in the processes of sampling, transporting, sample preparation and testing, the states of the integrity, the structure, the water content and the like of a sample are inevitably disturbed or damaged; secondly, the indoor sample has small size, and the authenticity and the representativeness of the test result are influenced to a certain extent, namely the size effect. Therefore, in engineering practice such as landslide and slope stability analysis, the shear strength parameters obtained by indoor tests are difficult to be directly applied. In the field direct shear test, the size of the sample is large, the test can be carried out on the field, the influence of the heterogeneity and the weak structure of the soil body on the shear strength can be reflected more truly, and the test is more in line with the actual situation than the indoor soil body test. Therefore, in many cases, it is necessary to perform a field soil body direct shear test so as to obtain the actual mechanical parameters of the soil body and further guide the design and construction of the engineering.
However, in the field large-scale soil body direct shear test at present, two obvious difficulties exist, one is the problem of soil body standard sample preparation, and the sizes of the commonly used field soil body direct shear test samples are generally as follows: length × width × height =500mm × 500mm × 300 mm. During field test, a sample soil body (the length, the width and the height are all larger than 500 mm) is prepared by excavating at a selected test site, then a soil cutting knife and other tools are adopted to manually prepare the sample, but the geometric dimension, the angle and the flatness of the manually prepared sample are often not standard and hardly meet the requirement of test specification, so that the discreteness of a test result is directly caused, and the accuracy of the test result is influenced; on the other hand, the normal load application problem of the direct shear test is that the methods of ground anchor and stacking are generally adopted, but the workload of ground anchor burying and stacking application is large, and the time cost and the labor cost are high, so that a more convenient normal load application method is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, and provides the method for preparing the soil body by using the soil body preparation device for the on-site soil body direct shear test.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides an on-spot soil body direct shear is soil body preparation facilities for experiment which characterized in that: comprises a preparation component and a loading component,
preparing a component: the folding type folding machine comprises a bottom frame, a bottom plate, a telescopic assembly and an upper cutting box, wherein the telescopic assembly is hinged to the bottom frame, the bottom plate is movably arranged in the bottom frame, and the upper cutting box is positioned in the telescopic assembly;
loading a component: including first jack, biography power frame, fixed connection at the mount on flexible subassembly top, the one end fixed connection of first jack is on the mount, and other one end supports and leans on the terminal surface of biography power frame, and the one end that first jack was kept away from to the biography power frame supports and leans on going up the box.
Furthermore, the force transmission frame is n-shaped, and two ends of the force transmission frame are respectively and fixedly provided with a clamping groove.
Furthermore, the upper cutting box is a square tube surrounded by four steel plates, a plurality of cutters are arranged at the lower end of the upper cutting box, wing plates are fixedly arranged at the edges of two sides of the lower end of the upper cutting box respectively, the lower end of the upper cutting box abuts against the upper end face of each cutter, and the outer wall of the upper cutting box is located in the clamping groove.
Further, the underframe includes two card strips, and two card strips are located the both sides of the soil body respectively, are equipped with the slide in one side of card strip, are equipped with a plurality of hinges on the terminal surface of card strip, and the bottom plate is located the slide, can slide in the slide, is equipped with a plurality of anchor holes on the terminal surface of card strip.
Further, flexible subassembly includes many telescopic links, and the one end of telescopic link articulates on the hinge, and one end cup joints on the mount in addition, the telescopic link includes sleeve pipe and screw rod, is equipped with the screw thread through-hole at the intraductal screw thread that is equipped with of cover, and the screw rod has two, and the spiro union is at sheathed tube both ends respectively, has set firmly at the tip of screw rod to be used for with hinge articulated steel pipe, is equipped with a locking hole at the sheathed tube middle part, has cup jointed the power application pole in the locking hole.
A method for preparing a sample by using a soil body preparation device for an on-site soil body direct shear test comprises the following steps:
firstly, excavating a foundation pit at a selected test site, reserving an initial soil body in the middle of the foundation pit, and reserving certain spaces around the initial soil body;
secondly, placing two clamping strips on two sides of the initial soil body respectively, and requiring that the clamping strips on the two sides of the initial soil body are parallel to each other, one end of each clamping strip with a slide way faces the initial soil body, and fixing the clamping strips at the bottom of the foundation pit by using an anchor;
thirdly, hinging each telescopic rod on a hinge on the clamping strip;
fourthly, standing up each telescopic rod, and fixedly installing a fixed frame at the upper end of each telescopic rod;
fifthly, fixedly connecting one end of the first jack to a fixing frame, and placing the upper cutting box on the upper end face of the soil body;
sixthly, after the upper cutting box is lifted up, the cutters are clamped into the lower end part of the upper cutting box, and then the force transmission frame is clamped on the upper cutting box;
seventhly, one end, far away from the fixed frame, of the first jack supports the force transmission frame, the height of each telescopic rod is adjusted by utilizing the force application rod, certain pressure is applied to the upper cutting box, and after each cutter is uniformly embedded into the soil body, the telescopic rods are stopped to be adjusted;
eighthly, extending the first jack, cutting the soil body in a normal direction, cleaning redundant cut soil residues after cutting, taking the upper cutting box and the force transmission frame down from the soil body, and taking the soil body cut by the upper cutting box as a finished product soil body;
and ninthly, clamping the bottom plate into the slide ways on the clamping strips, arranging battens on the side wall at the rear part of the foundation pit, arranging a third jack between the battens and the bottom plate, using the battens as bases of the third jack, extending the third jack, pushing the bottom plate by the third jack, transversely cutting the finished soil body by the bottom plate, and obtaining the soil body after the finished soil body is cut by the bottom plate as a test soil body for a field soil body direct shear test.
A device for a soil body direct shear test comprises a preparation assembly, a pressurizing assembly, a direct shear assembly and a measuring part;
preparing a component: the telescopic component is hinged on the bottom frame, and the bottom plate is movably arranged in the bottom frame; the bottom frame comprises two clamping strips, the two clamping strips are respectively positioned on two sides of a soil body, a slide way is arranged on one side of each clamping strip, a plurality of support hinges are arranged on the end surfaces of the clamping strips, the bottom plate is positioned in the slide way and can slide in the slide way, and a plurality of anchor nail holes are formed in the end surfaces of the clamping strips; the telescopic component comprises a plurality of telescopic rods, one ends of the telescopic rods are hinged to the support hinges, the other ends of the telescopic rods are sleeved on the fixing frame, the telescopic rods comprise a sleeve and a screw rod, threaded through holes are formed in the sleeve, the screw rod is provided with two screw threads and is respectively screwed at two ends of the sleeve, steel pipes hinged to the support hinges are fixedly arranged at the end portions of the screw rod, a locking hole is formed in the middle of the sleeve, and a force applying rod is sleeved in the locking hole.
A pressurizing assembly: the second jack is hinged with the support frame on one side of the clamping strip through a support hinge, and one end of the second jack is in contact with the support frame;
the direct shear component: the soil body cutting device comprises an upper cutting box and a lower cutting box which are coated outside soil body, and further comprises a first jack, a fixing frame fixedly connected to the top end of a telescopic component, wherein one end of the first jack is fixedly connected to the fixing frame, a ball is arranged on the end face, close to the upper cutting box, of the lower cutting box, a lower force transmission plate and an upper force transmission plate are arranged on the top surface of the soil body in the upper cutting box, a roller row is arranged between the upper force transmission plate and the lower force transmission plate, one end, far away from the fixing frame, of the first jack abuts against the end face of the upper force transmission plate, one end, far away from a supporting frame, of the second jack abuts against one side of the upper cutting box, the upper cutting box is a square tube surrounded by four steel plates, a wing plate is fixedly arranged on the edges of two sides of the lower end part of the upper cutting box, the ball is arranged on the wing plate, the shape and the size of the lower cutting box, the supporting plate is hinged on the support hinge;
a measurement part: comprises a first dial indicator for measuring the normal displacement of the upper force plate and a second dial indicator for measuring the transverse displacement of the cutting box.
Furthermore, the support frame is "n" font, and the both ends of support frame are articulated respectively on the hinge of soil body both sides.
Furthermore, a pressure gauge is respectively arranged on the first jack and the second jack.
A soil body direct shear test method is characterized in that:
firstly, sleeving an upper cutting box and a lower cutting box outside a finished soil body, inserting balls into the corresponding end surfaces of wing plates on two sides of the upper cutting box and the lower cutting box, and hinging support plates on two sides of the lower cutting box on a support hinge;
secondly, mounting the telescopic rod and the support frame on the clamping strip, and plugging a second jack into a gap between the support frame and the upper cutting box;
thirdly, sequentially arranging a lower force transmission plate, a roller row and an upper force transmission plate on the top surface of the soil body;
fourthly, after the telescopic rod is erected, mounting the fixed frame at the top end of the telescopic rod, inserting a first jack into a gap between the fixed frame and the upper force transmission plate, extending the first jack to apply a normal load to a soil body, and observing the level of the fixed frame;
fifthly, extending the second jack, applying a transverse load to the upper cutting box, pushing the upper cutting box to move, observing the change values of the first dial indicator, the second dial indicator and the pressure gauge, stopping the test after the soil body reaches the shearing displacement required by the specification, and recording and storing test data in the test process;
the invention has the advantages that: the invention can conveniently prepare the soil body standard sample meeting the test requirement, and avoids the error caused by manual sample preparation;
during field test, the whole test system forms a closed system, normal load and horizontal load can be converted into internal force of the loading device through the bottom frame, and an additional counter-force device is not needed;
in the test process, the lower cutting box is completely fixed, and the upper cutting box can only translate but cannot rotate, so that the shearing seam cannot be suddenly changed due to the shearing and swelling effect of the sample, and the shearing deformation of the sample is more uniform;
the balls between the upper cutting box and the lower cutting box can effectively reduce the friction effect, so that the test result is more real; the roller row between the upper and lower force transmission plates ensures that the normal pressure always acts on the middle of the sample, thereby avoiding the eccentric action of the normal load;
the invention has simple structure, convenient field installation and disassembly and convenient transportation, and is suitable for field production and teaching test of soil body.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a manufacturing apparatus of the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the testing apparatus of the present invention,
FIG. 3 is a front view of the manufacturing apparatus of the present invention,
FIG. 4 is a side view of the manufacturing apparatus of the present invention,
FIG. 5 is a front view of the test device of the present invention,
FIG. 6 is a side view of a test device according to the invention,
fig. 7 is a schematic top view of the invention in use, showing a transverse cut in the finished soil mass,
fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line a-a in fig. 7.
Detailed Description
A soil body preparation device for an on-site soil body direct shear test comprises a preparation component and a loading component,
preparing a component: the folding type folding box comprises a bottom frame, a bottom plate 1, a telescopic assembly and an upper cutting box 5, wherein the telescopic assembly is hinged to the bottom frame, the bottom plate 1 is movably arranged in the bottom frame, and the upper cutting box 5 is positioned in the telescopic assembly;
loading a component: including first jack 7, biography power frame 6, fixed connection at the mount 8 on flexible subassembly top, the one end fixed connection of first jack 7 is on mount 8, and one end supports and leans on the terminal surface of biography power frame 6 in addition, and the one end that first jack 7 was kept away from to biography power frame 6 supports and leans on going up box 5.
Furthermore, the force transmission frame 6 is n-shaped, and two ends of the force transmission frame 6 are respectively and fixedly provided with a clamping groove 601.
Furthermore, the upper cutting box 5 is a square tube surrounded by four steel plates, a plurality of cutters 4 are arranged at the lower end of the upper cutting box 5, wing plates 501 are fixedly arranged at the edges of two sides of the lower end of the upper cutting box 5 respectively, the lower end of the upper cutting box 5 abuts against the upper end face of each cutter 4, and the outer wall of the upper cutting box 5 is located in the clamping groove 601.
Further, the underframe includes two card strips 2, and two card strips 2 are located the both sides of the soil body respectively, are equipped with slide 201 in one side of card strip 2, are equipped with a plurality of hinges 202 on the terminal surface of card strip 2, and bottom plate 1 is located slide 201, can slide in slide 201, is equipped with a plurality of anchor holes 203 on the terminal surface of card strip 2.
Further, flexible subassembly includes many telescopic links 3, and the one end of telescopic link 3 articulates on hinge 202, and one end cup joints on mount 8 in addition, telescopic link 3 includes sleeve pipe 301 and screw rod 302, is equipped with the screw thread through-hole in sleeve pipe 301, and screw rod 302 has two, and the spiro union is respectively at the both ends of sleeve pipe 301, has set firmly at the tip of screw rod 302 to be used for with hinge 202 articulated steel pipe 303, is equipped with a locking hole in the middle part of sleeve pipe 301, has cup jointed the power application pole 18 in the locking hole.
A method for preparing a sample by using a soil body preparation device for an on-site soil body direct shear test comprises the following steps:
firstly, excavating a foundation pit 102 in a selected test site, reserving an initial soil body in the middle of the foundation pit 102, and reserving certain spaces around the initial soil body;
secondly, placing two clamping strips 2 on two sides of the initial soil body respectively, and requiring that the clamping strips 2 on the two sides of the initial soil body are parallel to each other, one end of each clamping strip 2 with a slide rail 201 faces the initial soil body, and fixing the clamping strips 2 at the bottom of the foundation pit 102 by using anchor bolts 21;
thirdly, hinging each telescopic rod 3 on a hinge 202 on the clamping strip 2;
fourthly, standing up each telescopic rod 3, and fixedly installing a fixed frame 8 at the upper end of each telescopic rod 3;
fifthly, fixedly connecting one end of a first jack 7 to a fixing frame 8, and placing an upper cutting box 5 on the upper end face of the soil body 101;
sixthly, after the upper cutting box 5 is lifted up, the cutters 4 are clamped into the lower end part of the upper cutting box 5, and then the force transmission frame 6 is clamped on the upper cutting box 5;
seventhly, one end, far away from the fixed frame 8, of the first jack 7 props against the force transmission frame 6, the height of each telescopic rod 3 is adjusted by utilizing the force applying rod 18, certain pressure is applied to the upper cutting box 5, and after each cutter 4 is uniformly embedded into the soil body 101, the telescopic rods 3 are stopped to be adjusted;
eighthly, extending the first jack 7, carrying out normal cutting on the soil body 101, cleaning redundant cut soil residues after the cutting is finished, taking the upper cutting box 5 and the force transmission frame 6 down from the soil body 101, and taking the soil body after the cutting by the upper cutting box 5 as a finished product soil body;
and ninthly, clamping the bottom plate 1 into the slide rails 201 on the clamping strips 2, disposing the battens 20 on the side wall of the rear part of the foundation pit 102, arranging third jacks 111 between the battens 20 and the bottom plate 1, using the battens 20 as bases of the third jacks 111, extending the third jacks 111, pushing the bottom plate 1 by the third jacks 111, transversely cutting the finished soil body by the bottom plate 1, and obtaining the soil body for the on-site soil body direct shear test after the bottom plate 1 finishes cutting the finished soil body.
After the preparation of the soil body is completed by using the soil body preparation device for the on-site soil body direct shear test, the preparation device can be changed into a test device;
and a pressurizing assembly, a direct shear assembly and a measuring part are arranged on the preparation device to form an on-site soil body direct shear test device.
A pressurizing assembly: a support frame 12 hinged on one side of the clamping strip 2 through a hinge 202, and a second jack 11 with one end contacting with the support frame 12;
the direct shear component: the soil body 101 is coated with an upper cutting box 5 and a lower cutting box 10, the end face of the lower cutting box 10 close to the upper cutting box 5 is provided with a ball 9, the soil body 101 also comprises a lower force transmission plate 13 and an upper force transmission plate 15 which are arranged in the upper cutting box 5 and on the top surface of the soil body 101, a roller row 14 is arranged between the upper force transmission plate 15 and the lower force transmission plate 13, one end of a first jack 7 far away from a fixed frame 8 abuts against the end face of the upper force transmission plate 15, one end of a second jack 11 far away from a supporting frame 12 abuts against one side of the upper cutting box 5, the shape and size of the lower cutting box 10 are the same as those of the upper cutting box 5, two side faces of the lower cutting box are fixedly provided with a plurality of supporting plates 110, and the;
a measurement part: comprises a first dial indicator 17 for measuring the normal displacement of the upper thrust plate 15 and a second dial indicator 171 for measuring the transverse displacement of the cutting box.
Furthermore, the support frame 12 is n-shaped, and two ends of the support frame 12 are respectively hinged to the hinges 202 on two sides of the soil body 101.
Further, a pressure gauge 170 is installed on each of the first jack 7 and the second jack 11.
A field soil body direct shear test method comprises the following steps:
firstly, an upper cutting box 5 and a lower cutting box 10 are sleeved outside a finished soil body, balls 9 are plugged into the corresponding end surfaces of wing plates 501 at two sides of the upper cutting box 5 and the lower cutting box 10, and supporting plates 110 at two sides of the lower cutting box 10 are hinged to a support hinge 202;
secondly, installing the telescopic rod 3 and the support frame 12 on the clamping strip 2, and inserting the second jack 11 into a gap between the support frame 12 and the upper cutting box 5;
thirdly, sequentially arranging a lower force transmission plate 13, a roller row 14 and an upper force transmission plate 15 on the top surface of the soil body 101;
fourthly, after the telescopic rod 3 is erected, the fixing frame 8 is installed at the top end of the telescopic rod 3, the first jack 7 is plugged into a gap between the fixing frame 8 and the upper thrust plate 15, the first jack 7 extends to apply normal load to the soil body 101, and the level of the fixing frame 8 is observed;
fifthly, extending the second jack 11, applying a transverse load to the upper cutting box 5, pushing the upper cutting box 5 to move, observing the change values of the first dial indicator 17, the second dial indicator 171 and the pressure gauge 170, stopping the test after the soil body 101 meets the shearing displacement required by the specification, and recording and storing test data in the test process;
the invention relates to an instrument for testing the shear strength of a soil body based on a coulomb theory test, which mainly achieves the aim of shearing the soil body on site by generating horizontal displacement between an upper cutting box 5 and a lower cutting box 10. During testing, soil is loaded between the upper cutting box 5 and the lower cutting box 10, and the upper cutting box 5 is connected with the lower cutting box 10 through the ball 9; the lower cutting box 10 is hinged on the bottom frame through a support plate 110, the bottom surface of the lower cutting box is contacted with the bottom plate 1, and the upper force transmission plate 15 and the lower force transmission plate 13, as well as the roller row 14 are arranged on the top of the upper cutting box 5. The upper force transmission plate 15 is provided with a first dial indicator 17 for measuring the normal displacement. The upper cutting box 5 can horizontally slide between the balls 9 and the roller row 14 under the driving of a horizontal hydraulic jack, thereby achieving the effect of shearing soil. The horizontal thrust can be read by a pressure gauge 170 connected to the second jack 11, and the horizontal displacement is measured by a second dial gauge 171; the normal pressure may be read by a pressure gauge 170 on the first jack. In the whole test process, data of a dial indicator (or a displacement sensor) and a jack pressure gauge are recorded until the relative displacement between the upper and lower cutting boxes 10 meets the specification requirement, and the test is finished at the moment.
The invention can conveniently prepare the soil body standard sample meeting the test requirement, and avoids the error caused by manual sample preparation; during field test, the whole test system forms a closed system, normal load and horizontal load can be converted into internal force of the loading device through the bottom frame, and an additional counter-force device is not needed; in the test process, the lower cutting box is completely fixed, and the upper cutting box 5 can only translate but cannot rotate, so that the shearing seam cannot change suddenly due to the shearing expansion effect of the sample, and the shearing deformation of the sample is more uniform; the ball 9 between the upper cutting box 5 and the lower cutting box 10 can effectively reduce the friction effect, so that the test result is more real; the roller row 14 between the upper force transmission plate 15 and the lower force transmission plate 13 ensures that normal pressure always acts on the right middle of the soil body, and the eccentric action of normal load is avoided; the invention has simple structure, convenient field installation and disassembly and convenient transportation, and is suitable for field production and teaching test of soil body.
Claims (1)
1. A method for preparing soil by using a soil preparation device for an on-site soil direct shear test is characterized by comprising the following steps of: comprises a soil body preparation device for an on-site soil body direct shear test, the soil body preparation device for the on-site soil body direct shear test comprises a preparation component and a loading component,
preparing a component: the folding type folding box comprises a bottom frame, a bottom plate (1), a telescopic assembly and an upper cutting box (5), wherein the telescopic assembly is hinged to the bottom frame, the bottom plate (1) is movably arranged in the bottom frame, and the upper cutting box (5) is positioned in the telescopic assembly;
loading a component: the lifting device comprises a first jack (7), a force transmission frame (6) and a fixing frame (8) fixedly connected to the top end of a telescopic assembly, wherein one end of the first jack (7) is fixedly connected to the fixing frame (8), the other end of the first jack abuts against the end face of the force transmission frame (6), and the end, far away from the first jack (7), of the force transmission frame (6) abuts against an upper cutting box (5);
the force transmission frame (6) is n-shaped, and two ends of the force transmission frame (6) are respectively and fixedly provided with a clamping groove (601);
the upper cutting box (5) is a square tube surrounded by four steel plates, a plurality of cutters (4) are arranged at the lower end of the upper cutting box (5), wing plates (501) are fixedly arranged at the edges of two sides of the lower end of the upper cutting box (5), the lower end of the upper cutting box (5) abuts against the upper end face of each cutter (4), and the outer wall of the upper cutting box (5) is positioned in the clamping groove (601);
the bottom frame comprises two clamping strips (2), the two clamping strips (2) are respectively positioned on two sides of a soil body, a slide way (201) is arranged on one side of each clamping strip (2), a plurality of support hinges (202) are arranged on the end faces of the clamping strips (2), the bottom plate (1) is positioned in the slide way (201) and can slide in the slide way (201), and a plurality of anchor nail holes (203) are formed in the end faces of the clamping strips (2);
the telescopic assembly comprises a plurality of telescopic rods (3), one end of each telescopic rod (3) is hinged to the support hinge (202), the other end of each telescopic rod is sleeved on the fixing frame (8), each telescopic rod (3) comprises a sleeve (301) and a screw rod (302), a threaded through hole is formed in each sleeve (301), the screw rods (302) are respectively in threaded connection with two ends of each sleeve (301), a steel pipe (303) used for being hinged to the support hinge (202) is fixedly arranged at the end part of each screw rod (302), a locking hole is formed in the middle of each sleeve (301), and a force applying rod (18) is sleeved in each locking hole;
the method for preparing the soil body by using the soil body preparation device for the on-site soil body direct shear test comprises the following steps of:
firstly, excavating a foundation pit (102) at a selected test site, reserving an initial soil body in the middle of the foundation pit (102), and reserving a certain space around the initial soil body;
secondly, placing two clamping strips (2) on two sides of the initial soil body respectively, and requiring that the clamping strips (2) on the two sides of the initial soil body are parallel to each other, one end of each clamping strip (2) with a slide way (201) faces the initial soil body, and fixing the clamping strips (2) at the bottom of the foundation pit (102) by using anchor bolts (21);
thirdly, each telescopic rod (3) is hinged on a hinge (202) on the clamping strip (2);
fourthly, standing up each telescopic rod (3), and fixedly installing a fixed frame (8) at the upper end of each telescopic rod (3);
fifthly, one end of the first jack (7) is fixedly connected with a fixing frame (8), and the upper cutting box (5) is placed on the upper end face of the soil body (101);
sixthly, after the upper cutting box (5) is lifted up, the cutters (4) are clamped into the lower end part of the upper cutting box (5), and then the force transmission frame (6) is clamped into the upper cutting box (5);
seventhly, one end, far away from the fixed frame (8), of the first jack (7) props against the force transmission frame (6), the height of each telescopic rod (3) is adjusted by utilizing the force application rod (18), certain pressure is applied to the upper cutting box (5), and after each cutting knife (4) is uniformly embedded into the soil body (101), the telescopic rods (3) are stopped to be adjusted;
eighthly, extending the first jack (7), cutting the soil body (101) in a normal direction, cleaning the cut redundant soil residues after the cutting is finished, taking the upper cutting box (5) and the force transmission frame (6) down from the soil body, and taking the soil body cut by the upper cutting box (5) as a finished product soil body;
and ninthly, clamping the bottom plate (1) into a slide way (201) on the clamping strip (2), arranging a batten (20) on the side wall at the rear part of the foundation pit (102), arranging a third jack (111) between the batten (20) and the bottom plate (1), enabling the batten (20) to serve as a base of the third jack (111), extending the third jack (111), pushing the bottom plate (1) by the third jack (111), transversely cutting the finished soil body by the bottom plate (1), and enabling the soil body after the finished soil body is cut by the bottom plate (1) to be a test soil body for a field soil body direct shear test.
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| CN201610212571.0A CN105890947B (en) | 2016-04-07 | 2016-04-07 | A kind of device and method of scene Soil Direct Shear experiment soil body preparation and direct shear test |
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| CN107942031A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-04-20 | 华南理工大学 | The simulation experiment method of soil body weather alternating and staight scissors |
| CN107817173B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2023-10-20 | 华侨大学 | In-situ diagonal shear test system for raw soil wall and application method thereof |
| CN110455713B (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2024-03-22 | 南京林业大学 | Pressurized single-interface micro-distance rotary cutting testing device and testing method |
| CN114739729A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-12 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Construction method for rapidly obtaining undisturbed soil samples in batches |
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| CN105890947B (en) | 2018-07-31 |
| CN108871893A (en) | 2018-11-23 |
| CN105890947A (en) | 2016-08-24 |
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