CN106124341B - A kind of preparation of the interface Tu Yan field direct shear test sample and experimental rig - Google Patents
A kind of preparation of the interface Tu Yan field direct shear test sample and experimental rig Download PDFInfo
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- CN106124341B CN106124341B CN201610442139.0A CN201610442139A CN106124341B CN 106124341 B CN106124341 B CN 106124341B CN 201610442139 A CN201610442139 A CN 201610442139A CN 106124341 B CN106124341 B CN 106124341B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
Abstract
A kind of preparation of the interface Tu Yan field direct shear test sample and experimental rig, it includes two guide rail brackets being parallel to each other, guide rail bracket is equipped with tripod, sleeve is equipped at the top of tripod, sleeve upper end is connected with telescopic rod, and telescopic rod is connect by sleeve with top plate, hydraulic jack is equipped with below top plate vertically, hydraulic jack is connect with force transmission rack, and force transmission rack lower end is connect with shear box, and shear box is the square frame surrounded by the side of surrounding.The present invention provides the interface the Tu Yan scene straight shear devices for integrating sample preparation, loading and shearing and its application method of a kind of self-stabilization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of live Soil Direct Shear test sample preparations and loading device to be specifically related to rock power
The preparation facilities and direct shear test loading device to the interface Tu Yan slide strips direct shear test sample in test field are learned, base is suitable for
The test of the shearing strength of rock and soil body contact interface.
Background technique
With the development of science and technology, the safety and stability of superstructure are only considered in civil engineering field
It has been insufficient for needing, ground, underground engineering, slope project etc. are also gradually furtherd investigate.And these scientific researches
It is be unable to do without soil and rock, meanwhile, the destruction and deformation of soil and rock are substantially all due to caused by failure by shear, the mistake of geotechnical engineering
Steady and destruction is all along with the development of shear displacemant.Meanwhile in practical projects, many talus slides are along
The sliding that native rock contact surface occurs, therefore, it is necessary to which the shear behavior to native rock contact surface carries out experimental study.
Direct shear test is divided into live in-situ direct shear test and two kinds of indoor direct shear test, and laboratory test condition is good, boundary
Condition is easy to control, while during sampling, transport, sample preparation, test, the shapes such as the integrality of sample, structural, moisture content
State is easy to be disturbed, and test result is often inaccurate, while laboratory test sampling size very little, affects to a certain extent
The authenticity and representativeness of test result, that is, dimensional effect, so its scope of application is restricted.And test in situ
Can avoid the disturbance to Rock And Soil well, specimen size is larger, can preferable Control Assay heterogeneity to the shadow of result
It rings, therefore, test result can more really reflect the shearing strength feature of native rock contact surface, therefore, carry out Tu Yan contact
The live in-situ direct shear test in face is promoted and applied in many important engineerings.
Since presently, there are more test difficult points for the interface Tu Yan field test, wherein the preparation of standard scissors sample is exactly
First problem, the size that live Soil Direct Shear test sample generally uses are as follows: length × width × height=500mm × 500mm ×
280mm.It is during the test, general that first in the test site excavation preparation one of selection, compared with bulk specimen base sample, (length is equal
Greater than 500mm), then use cuts the tools such as native knife and prepares sample by hand, but prepares geometric dimension, the angle of sample by hand
Degree, flatness are often nonstandard, are extremely difficult to the requirement of test specification, and then directly result in the discreteness of test result, influence
The order of accuarcy of test result；Second, the Normal stress of field direct shear test apply it is often unstable, in addition be on the slope into
Row test is manually difficult to operate, risk can greatly increase, and work at the same time if using the form loading of preloading by usual situation
Amount is very big, and time and cost of labor are all very high.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is in view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, and a kind of self-stabilization provided
Integrate the interface the Tu Yan scene straight shear device and its application method of sample preparation, loading and shearing.
The purpose of invention is achieved in that
A kind of preparation of the interface Tu Yan field direct shear test sample and experimental rig, it includes two guide rails being parallel to each other
Frame, guide rail bracket are equipped with tripod, and sleeve is equipped at the top of tripod, and sleeve upper end is connected with telescopic rod, and telescopic rod passes through another
A sleeve is connect with top plate, is equipped with hydraulic jack below top plate vertically, and hydraulic jack is connect with force transmission rack, force transmission rack lower end
It is connect with shear box, shear box is the square frame surrounded by the side of surrounding.
It is equipped in shear box lower end and detachable cuts native knife.
It is provided with horizontal addload frame on the guide rail bracket that two are parallel to each other, perpendicular to horizontal addload frame and is located at water
Plane is equipped with horizontal hydraulic pressure jack.
It is equipped with rolling guide box in shear box two sides, the wheel on rolling guide box is set to the roller track on guide rail bracket
In.
It is equipped with lower pressure transmission plate on shear box, is equipped with above lower pressure transmission plate and uploads pressing plate, in lower pressure transmission plate and upper pressure transmission
Roller bearing is equipped between plate to arrange.
Apparatus for measuring vertical displacement Magnetic gauge stand and dial gauge are placed on uploading pressing plate.
Horizontal displacement measuring device Magnetic gauge stand and dial gauge are placed on shear box side.
Handle is equipped on telescopic rod.
A kind of side carrying out soil body sample preparation with the preparation of the above-mentioned interface Tu Yan field direct shear test sample and experimental rig
Method, comprising the following steps:
1) in test site hand excavation's annular heatable adobe sleeping platform of selection, intermediate reserved base sample is not dug, then in heatable adobe sleeping platform partial center
Stay soil block and manual amendment base sample in place；
2) before the two sides of base sample preparation installation guide rail bracket, unwrapping wire is carried out according to the position of guide rail bracket installation first, is determined
The position of earth anchor punching, after drill bit is aligned, is drilled using diesel engine drilling machine, then reserves earth anchor along guide rail bracket
Aperture, which is squeezed into, forms rock anchor in earth anchor hole, to fix guide rail bracket；Every side rails frame needs to be consolidated with an earth anchorage, with
Vertical counter-force and horizontal reacting force are provided；
3) tripod and guide rail bracket are utilized and is bolted, then will stretched by the sleeve on top plate and on tripod
Contracting bar connects, and forms it into vertical loading frame, and adjusts the height of telescopic rod, is provided by this frame vertical anti-
Power；Successively native knife, shear box, force transmission rack, normal direction hydraulic jack are cut in installation from top to bottom again, and hydraulic jack is withstood on top plate
On, and spirit level is installed on top plate, and by the spirit level on top plate, determine that top plate is in a horizontal position；
4) after above-mentioned apparatus, which is arranged, stablizes safety, thrust straight down is applied by hydraulic jack, passes through power transmission
Frame transfers force on the knife of shear box, vertically by base sample cut growth cube, removes and cuts native knife；It is with shear box upper surface again
Standard is scabbled with cutting native knife to by upper surface along shear box upper surface, is fabricated to standard sample size.
A kind of side carrying out direct shear test load with the preparation of the above-mentioned interface Tu Yan field direct shear test sample and experimental rig
Method, comprising the following steps:
1) after the completion of sample preparation, the native knife of cutting on shear box is taken off, hydraulic jack is depressured backhaul, first coarse adjustment
The height of vertical telescopic rod successively installs shear box from top to bottom, lower pressure transmission plate, roller bearing row, uploads pressing plate, normal direction hydraulic jack
Top, and hydraulic jack is withstood on top plate, then carefully adjust vertical telescopic rod height for hydraulic jack and top plate to positive pressure
Tightly, then on top plate spirit level is installed, and top plate is adjusted by spirit level and is in horizontality；Rolling guide box is passed through into rolling again
Dynamic guide rail box is bolted on shear box, is placed it on roller track and is fixed, by horizontal addload frame and guide rail bracket benefit
It is joined with bolts, forms it into horizontal addload system, and level jack is mounted on shear box and horizontal addload frame
It is intermediate.
2) it will vertically and horizontally be displaced dial gauge and be utilized respectively Magnetic gauge stand and be mounted in vertical frame head plate and shear box
On；
3) Normal stress is applied by hydraulic jack and reaches defined test value；
Etc. 4) hydraulic jacks apply after vertical pressure stablizes, and apply horizontal loading by horizontal direction level jack, make
Shear box, which moves horizontally, carries out the shearing of the slide strips soil body, stops test after shear displacemant reaches code requirement, and record test phase
Data are closed, and draw shear load and vertical load relation curve.
The present invention can bring following technical effect:
1. the scene interface Tu Yan slide strips field direct shear test sample preparation and the preparation of loading device collection sample and staight scissors examination
It tests and is integrated, avoid and manually repair sample bring error；
2. test at the scene, entire pilot system is constituted a closed self-stabilization system centered on guide rail bracket, is led to
Cross the internal force that guide rail bracket can convert Normal stress and horizontal loading to whole device, it is only necessary to guarantee that earth anchorage is stablized
Guarantee the stabilization of whole system；
3. upper under shear box when test be provided with idler wheel, roll it freely in orbit, avoid shear box and basement rock
The contact in face, while shear box can be made forward freely to roll, reduce shear box bring frictional force, makes horizontal shear force more
It is close to true；
4. on shear box be provided with upper and lower pressure transmission plate and between roller bearing row, guarantee normal pressure act on sample always
Middle reduces the wobbler action of Normal stress application；
5. live Soil Direct Shear test sample preparation and loading device, structure is simple, and all components are bolted,
In-site installation convenient disassembly, is readily transported, the produced on-site and teaching test suitable for the interface Tu Yan.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples:
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the side view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 4 is the side view of Fig. 3.
Specific embodiment
1: Tu Yan interface field direct shear test sample of embodiment preparation and experimental rig, it include two be parallel to each other lead
Rail gantry 1, guide rail bracket 1 are equipped with tripod 2, are equipped with sleeve 3 at the top of tripod 2,3 upper end of sleeve is connected with telescopic rod 4, telescopic rod
4 are connect by sleeve 5 with top plate 6, and 6 lower section of top plate is equipped with hydraulic jack 7 vertically, and hydraulic jack 7 is connect with force transmission rack 8,
8 lower end of force transmission rack is connect with shear box 9, and shear box 9 is the square frame surrounded by the side of surrounding.
It is equipped in 9 lower end of shear box and detachable cuts native knife 10.
Handle 19 is equipped on telescopic rod 4.
When carrying out soil body sample preparation, comprising the following steps:
1) in test site hand excavation's annular heatable adobe sleeping platform of selection, intermediate reserved base sample is not dug, and the size of heatable adobe sleeping platform is about
1200mm × 1500mm, then stay at heatable adobe sleeping platform partial center soil block and manual amendment base sample, make base sample apart from crater wall side away from
From about 700mm, for level jack work, it is respectively 540mm × 540mm × 300mm that base sample, which is trimmed to length, width and height,
Sun-dried mud brick sample is stand-by；
2) before the two sides of base sample preparation installation guide rail bracket, unwrapping wire is carried out according to the position of guide rail bracket installation first, is determined
The position of earth anchor punching, after drill bit is aligned, is drilled using diesel engine drilling machine, then reserves earth anchor along guide rail bracket
Aperture, which is squeezed into, forms rock anchor in earth anchor hole, to fix guide rail bracket.Every side rails frame needs to be consolidated with an earth anchorage, with
Vertical counter-force and horizontal reacting force are provided；
3) tripod and guide rail bracket are utilized and is bolted, then will stretched by the sleeve on top plate and on tripod
Contracting bar connects, and forms it into vertical loading frame, and adjusts the height of telescopic rod, is provided by this frame vertical anti-
Power；Successively native knife, shear box, force transmission rack, normal direction hydraulic jack are cut in installation from top to bottom again, and hydraulic jack is withstood on top plate
On, and spirit level is installed on top plate, and by the spirit level on top plate, determine that top plate is in a horizontal position；
4) thrust straight down is applied by hydraulic jack, is transferred force on the knife of shear box by force transmission rack,
Vertically by base sample cut growth × wide=500mm × 500mm cuboid, removes and cut native knife；It is again mark with shear box upper surface
Standard is scabbled to by upper surface along shear box upper surface with cutting native knife, be fabricated to standard sample size i.e. length × width × height=
500mm×500mm×280mm。
Embodiment 2: it is provided with horizontal addload frame 11 on two guide rail brackets being parallel to each other 1, perpendicular to horizontal addload
Frame 11 and be located at horizontal plane be equipped with level jack 12.
It is equipped with rolling guide box 13 in 9 two sides of shear box, the wheel 14 on rolling guide box is set to the rolling on guide rail bracket 1
In wheel track.
It is equipped with lower pressure transmission plate 15 on shear box 9, is equipped with above lower pressure transmission plate 15 and uploads pressing plate 17, in lower pressure transmission plate 15
And it uploads and is equipped with roller bearing row 16 between pressing plate 17.
Apparatus for measuring vertical displacement Magnetic gauge stand and dial gauge 18 are placed on uploading pressing plate 17.
The method for carrying out direct shear test load, comprising the following steps:
1) after the completion of sample preparation, the native knife of cutting on shear box is taken off, hydraulic jack is depressured backhaul, first coarse adjustment
The height of vertical telescopic rod successively installs shear box from top to bottom, lower pressure transmission plate, roller bearing row, uploads pressing plate, normal direction hydraulic jack
Top, and hydraulic jack is withstood on top plate, then carefully adjust vertical telescopic rod height for hydraulic jack and top plate to positive pressure
Tightly, then on top plate spirit level is installed, and top plate is adjusted by spirit level and is in horizontality；Rolling guide box is passed through into rolling again
Dynamic guide rail box is bolted on shear box, is placed it on roller track and is fixed, by horizontal addload frame and guide rail bracket benefit
It is joined with bolts, forms it into horizontal addload system, and level jack is mounted on shear box and horizontal addload frame
Among 11；
2) it will vertically and horizontally be displaced dial gauge and be utilized respectively Magnetic gauge stand and be mounted in vertical frame head plate and shear box
On；
3) Normal stress is applied by hydraulic jack and reaches defined test value；
Etc. 4) hydraulic jacks apply after vertical pressure stablizes, and apply horizontal loading by horizontal direction level jack, make
Shear box, which moves horizontally, carries out the shearing of the slide strips soil body, stops test after shear displacemant reaches code requirement, and record test phase
Data are closed, and draw shear load and vertical load relation curve.
Using the above structure, in use, the invention patent is the instrument based on Coulomb block effect test soil shear strength test
Device is mainly reached by generation horizontal displacement between shear box and basement rock and is sheared to sample.When test, sample, which is loaded into, to be cut
It cuts in box, shear box is connected with guide rail bracket by rolling guide box, and shearing is facilitated, and reduces the friction between shear box and guide rail bracket
Power；The top of shear box, which is put, upper and lower pressure transmission plate and roller bearing row.It uploads and is placed with apparatus for measuring vertical displacement on pressing plate
Magnetic gauge stand and dial gauge.Horizontal displacement measuring device Magnetic gauge stand and dial gauge are placed on shear box.Shear box can be in water
The horizontal sliding between roller track and rolling guide box under the driving of hydraulic jack is put down, to reach the effect of shearing sample
Fruit.Horizontal thrust can be read by the pressure gauge being connected in level jack, and horizontal displacement is by being placed in shear box rear end
Magnetic gauge stand and dial gauge measure；Normal pressure can be read by the pressure gauge being connected in normal direction hydraulic jack, normal direction position
It moves and is read by being mounted on the dial gauge uploaded on pressing plate.During the whole test process, dial gauge (or displacement sensor) is recorded
With the data of jack pressure table, until the relative displacement between upper and lower shear box reaches code requirement, test is tied at this time
Beam.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of interface Tu Yan field direct shear test sample preparation and experimental rig, it is characterised in that: it includes two mutually flat
Capable guide rail bracket (1), guide rail bracket (1) are equipped with tripod (2), are equipped with sleeve (3) at the top of tripod (2), and sleeve (3) upper end connects
It is connected to telescopic rod (4), telescopic rod (4) is connect by sleeve (5) with top plate (6), is equipped with hydraulic jack below top plate (6) vertically
(7), hydraulic jack (7) is connect with force transmission rack (8), and force transmission rack (8) lower end is connect with shear box (9), and shear box (9) is by four
The square frame that the side in week surrounds；It is equipped in shear box (9) lower end and detachable cuts native knife (10)；It is parallel to each other at two
Guide rail bracket (1) on be provided with horizontal addload frame (11), perpendicular to horizontal addload frame (11) and be located at horizontal plane be equipped with
Level jack (12)；
When carrying out soil body sample preparation, using following methods:
1) in test site hand excavation's annular heatable adobe sleeping platform of selection, intermediate reserved base sample is not dug, then is stayed at heatable adobe sleeping platform partial center
Soil block and manual amendment base sample；
2) before the two sides of base sample preparation installation guide rail bracket, unwrapping wire is carried out according to the position of guide rail bracket installation first, determines earth anchor
The position of punching after aligning drill bit, is drilled using diesel engine drilling machine, the aperture for then reserving earth anchor along guide rail bracket
It squeezes into and forms rock anchor in earth anchor hole, to fix guide rail bracket；Every side rails frame needs to be consolidated with an earth anchorage, to provide
Vertical counter-force and horizontal reacting force；
3) tripod and guide rail bracket are utilized and is bolted, then connected telescopic rod by the sleeve on top plate and on tripod
It picks up and, form it into vertical loading frame, and adjust the height of telescopic rod, provide vertical counter-force by this frame；Again
Successively native knife, shear box, force transmission rack, normal direction hydraulic jack are cut in installation from top to bottom, and hydraulic jack is withstood on top plate, and
Spirit level is installed on top plate, and by the spirit level on top plate, determines that top plate is in a horizontal position；
4) after described device, which is arranged, stablizes safety, thrust straight down is applied by hydraulic jack, it will by force transmission rack
Power is transmitted on the knife of shear box, vertically by base sample cut growth cube, is removed and is cut native knife；It is again mark with shear box upper surface
Standard is scabbled with cutting native knife to by upper surface along shear box upper surface, is fabricated to standard sample size.
2. a kind of interface Tu Yan field direct shear test sample preparation according to claim 1 and experimental rig, feature exist
In: it is equipped with rolling guide box (13) in shear box (9) two sides, the wheel (14) on rolling guide box is set on guide rail bracket (1)
Roller track in.
3. a kind of interface Tu Yan field direct shear test sample preparation according to claim 2 and experimental rig, feature exist
In: it is equipped with lower pressure transmission plate (15) on shear box (9), is equipped with above lower pressure transmission plate (15) and uploads pressing plate (17), in lower pressure transmission
Roller bearing row (16) is equipped between plate (15) and upload pressing plate (17).
4. a kind of interface Tu Yan field direct shear test sample preparation according to claim 3 and experimental rig, feature exist
In: upload pressing plate (17) on be placed with apparatus for measuring vertical displacement Magnetic gauge stand and dial gauge (18).
5. a kind of interface Tu Yan field direct shear test sample preparation according to claim 1 and experimental rig, feature exist
In: equipped with handle (19) on telescopic rod (4).
6. a kind of preparation of the interface the Tu Yan field direct shear test sample described in claim 1 and experimental rig carry out direct shear test and add
The method of load, comprising the following steps:
1) after the completion of sample preparation, the native knife of cutting on shear box is taken off, hydraulic jack is depressured backhaul, first coarse adjustment is vertical
The height of telescopic rod successively installs shear box from top to bottom, lower pressure transmission plate, roller bearing row, uploads pressing plate, normal direction hydraulic jack,
And withstand on hydraulic jack on top plate, then carefully adjust vertical telescopic rod height and compress hydraulic jack and top plate to positive,
Spirit level is installed on top plate again, and top plate is adjusted by spirit level and is in horizontality；Rolling guide box is passed through into rolling again
Guide rail box is bolted on shear box, is placed it on roller track and is fixed, horizontal addload frame and guide rail bracket are utilized
It is bolted fixation, forms it into horizontal addload system, and level jack is mounted on shear box and horizontal addload frame
(11) intermediate；
2) will vertically and horizontally be displaced dial gauge be utilized respectively Magnetic gauge stand be mounted in vertical frame head plate and shear box on；
3) Normal stress is applied by hydraulic jack and reaches defined test value；
Etc. 4) hydraulic jacks apply after vertical pressure stablizes, and apply horizontal loading by horizontal direction level jack, make to shear
Box, which moves horizontally, carries out the shearing of the slide strips soil body, stops test after shear displacemant reaches code requirement, and record test dependency number
According to, and draw shear load and vertical load relation curve.
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| CN201610442139.0A CN106124341B (en) | 2016-06-20 | 2016-06-20 | A kind of preparation of the interface Tu Yan field direct shear test sample and experimental rig |
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| CN106124341B true CN106124341B (en) | 2019-02-19 |
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| CN104749049B (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2017-11-17 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of rock mass discontinuity shearing test method and device |
| CN105466741B (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2019-03-29 | 成都理工大学 | A kind of arbitrary orientation multiple groups joint rock bridge sample preparation device |
| CN105510153B (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2018-01-23 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of large-scale soil body interface shearing test model and test method |
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2016
- 2016-06-20 CN CN201610442139.0A patent/CN106124341B/en active Active
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