CN108863595A - A method of fertilizer is prepared using mushroom residue - Google Patents
A method of fertilizer is prepared using mushroom residue Download PDFInfo
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- CN108863595A CN108863595A CN201810963985.6A CN201810963985A CN108863595A CN 108863595 A CN108863595 A CN 108863595A CN 201810963985 A CN201810963985 A CN 201810963985A CN 108863595 A CN108863595 A CN 108863595A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods for preparing fertilizer using mushroom residue, are related to fertilizer field, include the following steps：(1) the fiber hydrolization processing of mushroom residue；(2) coconut husk activates charing process；(3) removal of impurities of seaweed surface is handled；(4) fermentation materials mix；(5) it ferments；(6) fermentation material sterilization treatment；(7) granulation of fertilizer；The method of the present invention is decomposed through mushroom residue, after the fibrosis for reducing mushroom residue, with the raw materials mixed fermentation such as soybean residue, seaweed, by fermentation material and coconut shell flour and attapulgite mixing granulation, the fertilizer prepared amino acid rich in and carbohydrate, nutriment is abundant, has good water conservation and slow releasing function, excellent adsorption promotes that soil physico-chemical property can be improved while plant growth.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fertilizer fields, and in particular to a method of fertilizer is prepared using mushroom residue.
Background technique
Mushroom is one of second-biggest-in-the-world edible mushroom and China's specialty, it is a kind of fungi being grown on timber, taste
Road is delicious, is rich in a large amount of protein, and the nutriments such as lentinan have and improve the immunity of the human body, and reduces the function such as blood fat and blood pressure
Effect.Due to a variety of physiological active functions of lentinan, it has also become the primary raw material of many health care products and drug industrializes at present
The production of lentinan is mostly mentioned based on ethanol precipitation with water, and the extensive water of lentinan extracts, and causes a large amount of mushroom dregs
It generates.Processing to mushroom residue is turned from the mode for directly abandoning or burning of raw material to the comprehensive utilization direction of waste resource
Become.
Chinese patent CN103755401B discloses a kind of sludge mushroom residue cultivation matrix and its system suitable for Pinus Tabulaeformis Growth
Preparation Method, the constitutive material of the matrix are mushroom residue and sludge, and mushroom residue is sawdust, wheat bran and the starch mixing containing 90%
Object, being sieved into partial size is respectively 0.5mm-2mm and 2mm-5mm, is compounded according to 1: 1 ratio, sludge is less than for partial size
The powder of 0.5mm is mixed according to the quality proportioning that sludge content is 20.0% with mushroom residue.Invention enhances in Chinese pine
The nutritional ingredients such as the moisture and minerals that need in seedling raising process, play the role of water conservation；Sludge and mushroom residue are effectively tied
It closes and utilizes, both can solve the waste utilization problem of mushroom residue, create economic benefit, and can solve Chinese pine in nursery production process
Substrate problem, reduce cost.
Chinese patent CN103613461A discloses a kind of method for preparing planting almond abalone mushroom matrix using mushroom residue, the cultivation
It is as follows to train matrix ingredient：Mushroom residue 50%；Cotton seed hulls 30%；Wheat bran 18%；Land plaster 2%, while total ingredients by weight 1 is added:
1.2 water is puddled uniformly, and mixed culture material, which is fitted into edible mushroom culture bag, carries out normal-pressure sterilization, sterilize 24 hours to get arrive apricot
Abalone mushroom (lark mushroom) cultivation matrix.The present invention is used as planting almond abalone mushroom matrix using mushroom residue, has widened raw material sources, reduction at
This, most importantly improves the utility value of mushroom residue, provides a new approach for the sustainable development of Pleurotus eryngii.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of methods for preparing fertilizer using mushroom residue, originally
Inventive method is decomposed through mushroom residue,, will with the raw materials mixed fermentation such as soybean residue, seaweed after the fibrosis for reducing mushroom residue
Fermentation material and coconut shell flour and attapulgite mixing granulation, the fertilizer prepared amino acid rich in and carbohydrate, nutriment
It is abundant, there is good water conservation and slow releasing function, excellent adsorption promotes that soil physical chemistry can be improved while plant growth
Matter.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A method of fertilizer being prepared using mushroom residue, is included the following steps：
(1) will mushroom residue be placed in pulverizer shearing to length less than 2 centimetres after, by mushroom residue rabbit fermentation vat, to
It is wherein sprinkled into fiber hydrolization agent, after being uniformly mixed, the water content that suitable water is added to material is 40-45%, uses film
Fermentation vat is covered, is decomposed 3-5 days, natural drying is spread out and air-dries；
(2) coconut husk is sent and is crushed into pulverizer, after crossing 100-150 mesh, impregnate 2-3 with the phosphoric acid solution of 40-50%
Hour, filtering is cleaned to neutrality repeatedly with deionized water, is placed in retort and is carried out charing process；
(3) seaweed is cleaned repeatedly with clear water, removes its salt surfactant, after leading to chlorine progress surface degerming, use pulverizer
Being crushed to grain diameter is 20-60 mesh, is put into drying box and is dried to moisture content lower than 8%；
(4) by step (1) treated mushroom residue, seaweed, soybean residue, urea, microelement and the height of step (3) processing
Warm quick rotting agent is uniformly mixed, and suitable water management is added in water content in 50-60%；
(5) mixture of step (4) is added in fermentation vat and is carried out, it is primary every turning in 2 days under 58-65 degrees Celsius,
After fermentation 5-7 days, temperature control is primary every turning in 15 hours to 50-55 degrees Celsius, ferments 5-10 days to get fermentation material；
(6) into fermentation material, addition is equivalent to wherein 3% mass fraction as 20% Bravo solution, is stirred
It is even；
(7) after mixing by step (6) treated fermentation material, step (2) treated coconut husk and attapulgite, it sets
Enter in pelletizer and be granulated, to get fertilizer after pellet is dry.
Preferably, the fiber hydrolization agent in the step (1) is wheatfeed and compound biological enzyme according to mass ratio 10:1 is mixed
It is combined into, the compound biological enzyme is mannonase esterase, cellulase, zytase, protease and pectase according to matter
Measure ratio 2:1:1:2:0.5:0.2 mixing composition.
Preferably, the dosage of the fiber hydrolization agent is the 2-6% of mushroom residue weight.
Preferably, the condition of the charing process in the step (2) is：450-500 degrees Celsius of carbonization temperature, carbonization time
2-3 hours.
Preferably, the fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight meter：30-40 parts of mushroom residue, 4-9 parts of coconut husk, seaweed 12-
20 parts, 5-12 parts of soybean residue, 2-4 parts of urea, 0.1-0.3 parts of microelement, 0.2-0.6 parts of high temperature quick rotting agent and attapulgite 8-
15 parts.
Preferably, the fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight meter：38 parts of mushroom residue, 7 parts of coconut husk, 16 parts of seaweed, beans
8 parts of rotten slag, 3 parts of urea, 0.2 part of microelement, 0.4 part of high temperature quick rotting agent and 12 parts of attapulgite.
Preferably, the microelement is potassium sulfate, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulphate, manganese sulfate and boric acid
Powder is according to mass ratio 2:1:0.3:0.006:0.001:0.003:0.002 mixing composition.
Preferably, the high temperature quick rotting agent in the step (b) is made of actinomyces, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria and bacillus,
Effective active bacterium bacteria containing amount is hundred million units/grams of 0.5-1, and wherein saccharomycete accounts for 20%-30%.
Preferably, before the high temperature quick rotting agent in the step (4) is mixed with other raw materials again, first with being equivalent to its weight 8-
The uniform mixed diluting of 10 times of deionized water.
Preferably, the granulation in the step (7) uses granulating disc, and drying uses tumble-type dryers.
The present invention has following beneficial effect：
(1) the method for the present invention is decomposed through mushroom residue, former with soybean residue, seaweed etc. after the fibrosis for reducing mushroom residue
Expect mixed fermentation, by fermentation material and coconut shell flour and attapulgite mixing granulation, the fertilizer prepared amino acid rich in
Carbohydrate, nutriment is abundant, has good water conservation and slow releasing function, and excellent adsorption promotes to change while plant growth
Kind soil physico-chemical property.
(2) coconut husk is subjected to high temperature carbonization processing in the method for the present invention, enhances the adsorption capacity of coconut husk, while can improve
Soil environment decomposes organic matter, and peculiar smell is eliminated in deodorization, reduces the breeding of harmful bacteria in fertilizer, reduces the release speed of nutriment
Degree, improves the water-retaining property of soil.
(3) seaweed is subjected to logical chlorine degerming in the method for the present invention, removes microorganism and disease in the water of seaweed adsorption
Bacterium, algal polysaccharides rich in, phenols, heteropolymer, mannitol, glycine betaine, alginic acid, plant growth temper in seaweed
Matter and the efficient marine active ingredient such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and iron, iodine, non-chemical synthesis, green is harmless, improves the nutrition in fertilizer
Ingredient enhances plant resistance to environment stress, adjusts the growth and development for promoting plant.
(4) preparing in the method for the present invention between the material composition of fertilizer has nutrition synergistic effect, not only can sufficiently adjust
Movement own growth potential, while the gas permeability and preservation capacity of water and fertility of soil can be improved, healthy growth of crops is deposited into, is saved
Cost mitigates waste to the pressure of environment, is conducive to environmental protection.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, further description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, and following embodiment is only used for more
Technical solution of the present invention is clearly demonstrated, and not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A method of fertilizer being prepared using mushroom residue, is included the following steps：
(1) will mushroom residue be placed in pulverizer shearing to length less than 2 centimetres after, by mushroom residue rabbit fermentation vat, to
It is wherein sprinkled into fiber hydrolization agent, after being uniformly mixed, the water content that suitable water is added to material is 40%, is covered with film
Fermentation vat decomposes 3 days, spreads natural drying out and air-dries；
(2) coconut husk is sent and is crushed into pulverizer, after sieving with 100 mesh sieve, impregnated 2 hours with 40% phosphoric acid solution, filtering,
It is cleaned repeatedly to neutrality with deionized water, is placed in retort and carries out charing process；
(3) seaweed is cleaned repeatedly with clear water, removes its salt surfactant, after leading to chlorine progress surface degerming, use pulverizer
Being crushed to grain diameter is 20 mesh, is put into drying box and is dried to moisture content lower than 8%；
(4) by step (1) treated mushroom residue, seaweed, soybean residue, urea, microelement and the height of step (3) processing
Warm quick rotting agent is uniformly mixed, and suitable water management is added in water content 50%；
(5) mixture of step (4) is added in fermentation vat and is carried out, primary every turning in 2 days under 58 degrees Celsius, hair
After ferment 5 days, temperature control is primary every turning in 15 hours to 50 degrees Celsius, ferments 5 days to get fermentation material；
(6) into fermentation material, addition is equivalent to wherein 3% mass fraction as 20% Bravo solution, is stirred
It is even；
(7) after mixing by step (6) treated fermentation material, step (2) treated coconut husk and attapulgite, it sets
Enter in pelletizer and be granulated, to get fertilizer after pellet is dry.
Wherein, the fiber hydrolization agent in step (1) is wheatfeed and compound biological enzyme according to mass ratio 10:1 mixing composition,
Compound biological enzyme is mannonase esterase, cellulase, zytase, protease and pectase according to mass ratio 2:1:1:
2:0.5:0.2 mixing composition.
The dosage of fiber hydrolization agent is the 2% of mushroom residue weight.
The condition of charing process in step (2) is：450 degrees Celsius of carbonization temperature, carbonization time 2 hours.
Fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight meter：30 parts of mushroom residue, 4 parts of coconut husk, 12 parts of seaweed, 5 parts of soybean residue, urea
2 parts, 0.1 part of microelement, 0.2 part of high temperature quick rotting agent and 8 parts of attapulgite.
Microelement is potassium sulfate, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulphate, manganese sulfate and boric acid powder according to mass ratio
2:1:0.3:0.006:0.001:0.003:0.002 mixing composition.
High temperature quick rotting agent in step (b) is made of actinomyces, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria and bacillus, effective active bacterium
Bacteria containing amount is hundred million units/grams of 0.5-1, and wherein saccharomycete accounts for 20%.
Before high temperature quick rotting agent in step (4) is mixed with other raw materials again, first with the deionized water for being equivalent to 8 times of its weight
Uniform mixed diluting.
Granulation in step (7) uses granulating disc, and drying uses tumble-type dryers.
Embodiment 2
A method of fertilizer being prepared using mushroom residue, is included the following steps：
(1) will mushroom residue be placed in pulverizer shearing to length less than 2 centimetres after, by mushroom residue rabbit fermentation vat, to
It is wherein sprinkled into fiber hydrolization agent, after being uniformly mixed, the water content that suitable water is added to material is 45%, is covered with film
Fermentation vat decomposes 5 days, spreads natural drying out and air-dries；
(2) coconut husk is sent and is crushed into pulverizer, after crossing 150 meshes, impregnated 3 hours with 50% phosphoric acid solution, filtering,
It is cleaned repeatedly to neutrality with deionized water, is placed in retort and carries out charing process；
(3) seaweed is cleaned repeatedly with clear water, removes its salt surfactant, after leading to chlorine progress surface degerming, use pulverizer
Being crushed to grain diameter is 60 mesh, is put into drying box and is dried to moisture content lower than 8%；
(4) by step (1) treated mushroom residue, seaweed, soybean residue, urea, microelement and the height of step (3) processing
Warm quick rotting agent is uniformly mixed, and suitable water management is added in water content 60%；
(5) mixture of step (4) is added in fermentation vat and is carried out, primary every turning in 2 days under 65 degrees Celsius, hair
After ferment 7 days, temperature control is primary every turning in 15 hours to 55 degrees Celsius, ferments 10 days to get fermentation material；
(6) into fermentation material, addition is equivalent to wherein 3% mass fraction as 20% Bravo solution, is stirred
It is even；
(7) after mixing by step (6) treated fermentation material, step (2) treated coconut husk and attapulgite, it sets
Enter in pelletizer and be granulated, to get fertilizer after pellet is dry.
Fiber hydrolization agent in step (1) is wheatfeed and compound biological enzyme according to mass ratio 10:1 mixing composition, it is compound
Biological enzyme is mannonase esterase, cellulase, zytase, protease and pectase according to mass ratio 2:1:1:2:
0.5:0.2 mixing composition.
The dosage of fiber hydrolization agent is the 6% of mushroom residue weight.
The condition of charing process in step (2) is：500 degrees Celsius of carbonization temperature, carbonization time 3 hours.
Fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight meter：40 parts of mushroom residue, 9 parts of coconut husk, 20 parts of seaweed, 12 parts of soybean residue, urine
4 parts of element, 0.3 part of microelement, 0.6 part of high temperature quick rotting agent and 15 parts of attapulgite.
Microelement is potassium sulfate, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulphate, manganese sulfate and boric acid powder according to mass ratio
2:1:0.3:0.006:0.001:0.003:0.002 mixing composition.
High temperature quick rotting agent in step (b) is made of actinomyces, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria and bacillus, effective active bacterium
Bacteria containing amount is hundred million units/grams of 0.5-1, and wherein saccharomycete accounts for 20%-30%.
Before high temperature quick rotting agent in step (4) is mixed with other raw materials again, first with the deionization for being equivalent to 10 times of its weight
The uniform mixed diluting of water.
Granulation in step (7) uses granulating disc, and drying uses tumble-type dryers.
Embodiment 3
A method of fertilizer being prepared using mushroom residue, is included the following steps：
(1) will mushroom residue be placed in pulverizer shearing to length less than 2 centimetres after, by mushroom residue rabbit fermentation vat, to
It is wherein sprinkled into fiber hydrolization agent, after being uniformly mixed, the water content that suitable water is added to material is 43%, is covered with film
Fermentation vat decomposes 4 days, spreads natural drying out and air-dries；
(2) coconut husk is sent and is crushed into pulverizer, after crossing 130 meshes, impregnated 2.6 hours with 48% phosphoric acid solution, mistake
Filter, is cleaned to neutrality repeatedly with deionized water, is placed in retort and is carried out charing process；
(3) seaweed is cleaned repeatedly with clear water, removes its salt surfactant, after leading to chlorine progress surface degerming, use pulverizer
Being crushed to grain diameter is 40 mesh, is put into drying box and is dried to moisture content lower than 8%；
(4) by step (1) treated mushroom residue, seaweed, soybean residue, urea, microelement and the height of step (3) processing
Warm quick rotting agent is uniformly mixed, and suitable water management is added in water content 58%；
(5) mixture of step (4) is added in fermentation vat and is carried out, at 62 c, primary every turning in 2 days, hair
After ferment 6 days, temperature control is primary every turning in 15 hours to 54 degrees Celsius, ferments 8 days to get fermentation material；
(6) into fermentation material, addition is equivalent to wherein 3% mass fraction as 20% Bravo solution, is stirred
It is even；
(7) after mixing by step (6) treated fermentation material, step (2) treated coconut husk and attapulgite, it sets
Enter in pelletizer and be granulated, to get fertilizer after pellet is dry.
Fiber hydrolization agent in step (1) is wheatfeed and compound biological enzyme according to mass ratio 10:1 mixing composition, it is compound
Biological enzyme is mannonase esterase, cellulase, zytase, protease and pectase according to mass ratio 2:1:1:2:
0.5:0.2 mixing composition.
The dosage of fiber hydrolization agent is the 4% of mushroom residue weight.
The condition of charing process in step (2) is：480 degrees Celsius of carbonization temperature, carbonization time 2.6 hours.
Fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight meter：32 parts of mushroom residue, 6 parts of coconut husk, 18 parts of seaweed, 10 parts of soybean residue, urine
2.8 parts of element, 0.2 part of microelement, 0.5 part of high temperature quick rotting agent and 12 parts of attapulgite.
Microelement is potassium sulfate, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulphate, manganese sulfate and boric acid powder according to mass ratio
2:1:0.3:0.006:0.001:0.003:0.002 mixing composition.
High temperature quick rotting agent in step (b) is made of actinomyces, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria and bacillus, effective active bacterium
Bacteria containing amount is hundred million units/grams of 0.5-1, and wherein saccharomycete accounts for 28%.
Before high temperature quick rotting agent in step (4) is mixed with other raw materials again, first with the deionized water for being equivalent to 9 times of its weight
Uniform mixed diluting.
Granulation in step (7) uses granulating disc, and drying uses tumble-type dryers.
Embodiment 4
A method of fertilizer being prepared using mushroom residue, is included the following steps：
(1) will mushroom residue be placed in pulverizer shearing to length less than 2 centimetres after, by mushroom residue rabbit fermentation vat, to
It is wherein sprinkled into fiber hydrolization agent, after being uniformly mixed, the water content that suitable water is added to material is 44%, is covered with film
Fermentation vat decomposes 5 days, spreads natural drying out and air-dries；
(2) coconut husk is sent and is crushed into pulverizer, after crossing 120 meshes, impregnated 2.6 hours with 48% phosphoric acid solution, mistake
Filter, is cleaned to neutrality repeatedly with deionized water, is placed in retort and is carried out charing process；
(3) seaweed is cleaned repeatedly with clear water, removes its salt surfactant, after leading to chlorine progress surface degerming, use pulverizer
Being crushed to grain diameter is 50 mesh, is put into drying box and is dried to moisture content lower than 8%；
(4) by step (1) treated mushroom residue, seaweed, soybean residue, urea, microelement and the height of step (3) processing
Warm quick rotting agent is uniformly mixed, and suitable water management is added in water content 58%；
(5) mixture of step (4) is added in fermentation vat and is carried out, at 62 c, primary every turning in 2 days, hair
After ferment 6 days, temperature control is primary every turning in 15 hours to 54 degrees Celsius, ferments 8 days to get fermentation material；
(6) into fermentation material, addition is equivalent to wherein 3% mass fraction as 20% Bravo solution, is stirred
It is even；
(7) after mixing by step (6) treated fermentation material, step (2) treated coconut husk and attapulgite, it sets
Enter in pelletizer and be granulated, to get fertilizer after pellet is dry.
Fiber hydrolization agent in step (1) is wheatfeed and compound biological enzyme according to mass ratio 10:1 mixing composition, it is described
Compound biological enzyme is mannonase esterase, cellulase, zytase, protease and pectase according to mass ratio 2:1:1:
2:0.5:0.2 mixing composition.
The dosage of fiber hydrolization agent is the 4% of mushroom residue weight.
The condition of charing process in step (2) is：490 degrees Celsius of carbonization temperature, carbonization time 2.6 hours.
Fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight meter：38 parts of mushroom residue, 7 parts of coconut husk, 16 parts of seaweed, 8 parts of soybean residue, urea
3 parts, 0.2 part of microelement, 0.4 part of high temperature quick rotting agent and 12 parts of attapulgite.
Microelement is potassium sulfate, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulphate, manganese sulfate and boric acid powder according to mass ratio
2:1:0.3:0.006:0.001:0.003:0.002 mixing composition.
High temperature quick rotting agent in step (b) is made of actinomyces, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria and bacillus, effective active bacterium
Bacteria containing amount is hundred million units/grams of 0.5-1, and wherein saccharomycete accounts for 24%.
Before high temperature quick rotting agent in step (4) is mixed with other raw materials again, first with the deionized water for being equivalent to 9 times of its weight
Uniform mixed diluting.
Granulation in step (7) uses granulating disc, and drying uses tumble-type dryers.
Comparative example 1：Commercially available common chemical fertilizer
Fertilizer made from embodiment 1-4 and commercially available common inorganic fertilizer are tested for the property, subjects are capsicum, test
As a result such as the following table 1：
Table 1：
In conclusion the present invention has the following advantages that：
(1) the method for the present invention is decomposed through mushroom residue, former with soybean residue, seaweed etc. after the fibrosis for reducing mushroom residue
Expect mixed fermentation, by fermentation material and coconut shell flour and attapulgite mixing granulation, the fertilizer prepared amino acid rich in
Carbohydrate, nutriment is abundant, has good water conservation and slow releasing function, and excellent adsorption promotes to change while plant growth
Kind soil physico-chemical property.
(2) coconut husk is subjected to high temperature carbonization processing in the method for the present invention, enhances the adsorption capacity of coconut husk, while can improve
Soil environment decomposes organic matter, and peculiar smell is eliminated in deodorization, reduces the breeding of harmful bacteria in fertilizer, reduces the release speed of nutriment
Degree, improves the water-retaining property of soil.
(3) seaweed is subjected to logical chlorine degerming in the method for the present invention, removes microorganism and disease in the water of seaweed adsorption
Bacterium, algal polysaccharides rich in, phenols, heteropolymer, mannitol, glycine betaine, alginic acid, plant growth temper in seaweed
Matter and the efficient marine active ingredient such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and iron, iodine, non-chemical synthesis, green is harmless, improves the nutrition in fertilizer
Ingredient enhances plant resistance to environment stress, adjusts the growth and development for promoting plant.
(4) preparing in the method for the present invention between the material composition of fertilizer has nutrition synergistic effect, not only can sufficiently adjust
Movement own growth potential, while the gas permeability and preservation capacity of water and fertility of soil can be improved, healthy growth of crops is deposited into, is saved
Cost mitigates waste to the pressure of environment, is conducive to environmental protection.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, although referring to aforementioned reality
Applying example, invention is explained in detail, for those skilled in the art, still can be to aforementioned each implementation
Technical solution documented by example is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features.It is all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for preparing fertilizer using mushroom residue, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) will mushroom residue be placed in pulverizer shearing to length less than 2 centimetres after, by mushroom residue rabbit fermentation vat, thereto
It is sprinkled into fiber hydrolization agent, after being uniformly mixed, the water content that suitable water is added to material is 40-45%, is covered with film
Fermentation vat decomposes 3-5 days, spreads natural drying out and air-dries；
(2) coconut husk is sent and is crushed into pulverizer, after crossing 100-150 mesh, impregnated 2-3 hours with the phosphoric acid solution of 40-50%,
Filtering, is cleaned to neutrality repeatedly with deionized water, is placed in retort and is carried out charing process；
(3) seaweed is cleaned repeatedly with clear water, removes its salt surfactant, after leading to chlorine progress surface degerming, crushed with pulverizer
It is 20-60 mesh to grain diameter, is put into drying box and is dried to moisture content lower than 8%；
(4) by step (1) treated mushroom residue, the seaweed of step (3) processing, soybean residue, urea, microelement and high temperature speed
Rotten agent is uniformly mixed, and suitable water management is added in water content in 50-60%；
(5) mixture of step (4) is added in fermentation vat and is carried out, primary every turning in 2 days under 58-65 degrees Celsius, fermentation
After 5-7 days, temperature control is primary every turning in 15 hours to 50-55 degrees Celsius, ferments 5-10 days to get fermentation material；
(6) into fermentation material, addition is equivalent to wherein 3% mass fraction as 20% Bravo solution, is uniformly mixed；
(7) after mixing by step (6) treated fermentation material, step (2) treated coconut husk and attapulgite, merging is made
It is granulated in grain machine, to get fertilizer after pellet is dry.
2. the method according to claim 1 for preparing fertilizer using mushroom residue, which is characterized in that in the step (1)
Fiber hydrolization agent is wheatfeed and compound biological enzyme according to mass ratio 10:1 mixing composition, the compound biological enzyme are mannosan
Enzyme, esterase, cellulase, zytase, protease and pectase are according to mass ratio 2:1:1:2:0.5:0.2 mixing composition.
3. the method according to claim 2 for preparing fertilizer using mushroom residue, which is characterized in that the fiber hydrolization agent
Dosage is the 2-6% of mushroom residue weight.
4. the method according to claim 1 for preparing fertilizer using mushroom residue, which is characterized in that in the step (2)
The condition of charing process is：450-500 degrees Celsius of carbonization temperature, carbonization time 2-3 hours.
5. the method according to claim 1 for preparing fertilizer using mushroom residue, which is characterized in that the fertilizer includes following
The raw material of parts by weight meter：It is 30-40 parts of mushroom residue, 4-9 parts of coconut husk, 12-20 parts of seaweed, 5-12 parts of soybean residue, 2-4 parts of urea, micro-
0.1-0.3 parts of secondary element, 0.2-0.6 parts of high temperature quick rotting agent and 8-15 parts of attapulgite.
6. the method according to claim 5 for preparing fertilizer using mushroom residue, which is characterized in that the fertilizer includes following
The raw material of parts by weight meter：38 parts of mushroom residue, 7 parts of coconut husk, 16 parts of seaweed, 8 parts of soybean residue, 3 parts of urea, 0.2 part of microelement, height
0.4 part and 12 parts of attapulgite of warm quick rotting agent.
7. the method according to claim 5 for preparing fertilizer using mushroom residue, which is characterized in that the microelement is sulphur
Sour potassium, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulphate, manganese sulfate and boric acid powder are according to mass ratio 2:1:0.3:0.006:0.001:
0.003:0.002 mixing composition.
8. the method according to claim 5 for preparing fertilizer using mushroom residue, which is characterized in that in the step (b)
High temperature quick rotting agent is made of actinomyces, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria and bacillus, and effective active bacterium bacteria containing amount is hundred million lists of 0.5-1
Position/gram, wherein saccharomycete accounts for 20%-30%.
9. the method that mushroom residue according to claim 1 prepares fertilizer, which is characterized in that the high temperature in the step (4)
Before quick rotting agent is mixed with other raw materials again, first with the uniform mixed diluting of deionized water for being equivalent to 8-10 times of its weight.
10. the method according to claim 1 for preparing fertilizer using mushroom residue, which is characterized in that in the step (7)
It is granulated and uses granulating disc, drying uses tumble-type dryers.
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