CN108816709A - 一种钢结构防腐涂层及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种钢结构防腐涂层及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108816709A
CN108816709A CN201810295471.8A CN201810295471A CN108816709A CN 108816709 A CN108816709 A CN 108816709A CN 201810295471 A CN201810295471 A CN 201810295471A CN 108816709 A CN108816709 A CN 108816709A
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李志强
尹翠萍
吕华
石国鹏
李雪燕
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种钢结构表面防腐涂层及其制备方法,表面防腐涂层主要由三部分构成:第一部分为醇溶性无机富锌底漆层,第二部分为聚氨酯中间漆层,第三部分为氟碳面漆层;该防腐涂层制备过程中首先对钢结构表面进行清洁和喷砂除锈处理,紧接着进行底漆涂覆、中间漆涂覆和面漆涂覆;所述醇溶性无机富锌底漆层涂覆在钢结构基材表面,所述聚氨酯中间漆涂覆在底漆上,所述氟碳面漆涂覆在中间漆上。本发明所制备得到的防腐涂层具有优异的耐腐蚀、耐高温、耐化学药品性和良好的装饰性,延长了钢结构的使用期限,降低了后期的防腐蚀维护成本。

Description

一种钢结构防腐涂层及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及钢材表面的防腐领域,尤其涉及一种钢材的防腐涂层及其制备方法。
背景技术
众所周知钢铁是国家生存和发展的物质保障。钢铁工业是我国国民经济的基础产业。但是,许多钢结构材料长期曝露在复杂的外界环境中,极易受到的腐蚀而损坏,造成资源浪费。因此钢结构的防腐保护工作意义十分重大。与此同时钢结构防腐涂层也越来越受到各方面的关注。传统钢材防腐是通过加入其它元素改变钢材的种类来达到防腐目的,工艺复杂,条件严苛,从长效经济性经济考虑,必须对钢材进行有效的防腐,以确保钢结构材料的使用寿命。
发明内容
本发明的目的,就是为了解决上述问题,提供一种工艺简单、具有耐腐蚀、耐高温、耐老化、使用寿命长的防腐涂层。
为了达到上述目的,本发明具体通过以下方案得以实现:本发明提供了一种钢结构防腐涂层,首先对钢结构基材表面进行清洁和喷砂除锈处理,紧接着进行醇溶性无机富锌底漆涂覆、聚氨酯中间漆涂覆和氟碳面漆涂覆;所述醇溶性无机富锌底漆涂覆在钢结构基材表面,所述聚氨酯中间漆涂覆在底漆上,所述氟碳面漆涂覆在中间漆上。
上所述的一种钢结构防腐涂层,所述的醇溶性无机富锌底漆各组份的质量百分数如下:正硅酸乙酯15%~20%,鳞片状锌粉25%~45%,乙二醇8%~10%,丁醇9%~13%,稀盐酸2.5%~5%,冰醋酸6%~8%,分散剂0.5%~1.5%,增稠剂1%~3%。
上所述的一种钢结构防腐涂层,所述醇溶性无机富锌底漆中分散剂选自硅酸盐类、碱金属磷酸盐类和有机分散剂中的一种或多种;所述增稠剂选自羟基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素和羟丙基纤维素中的一种或多种。
上所述的一种钢结构防腐涂层,所述聚氨酯中间漆各组份的质量百分数如下:水性聚氨酯树脂35%~45%,聚羧酸金属盐2%~4%,亚硝酸钠0.5%~1.5%,稀释剂1%~1.5%,消泡剂2%~2.5%,防沉剂0.5%~2%,流平剂5%~8%,填料10%~40%。
上所述的一种钢结构防腐涂层,所述聚氨酯中间漆中稀释剂选自乙酸乙酯、丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯中的一种或多种;所述的消泡剂选自磷酸酯类、酞胺类、脂肪酸类中的一种或多种。
上所述的一种钢结构防腐涂层,所述聚氨酯中间漆中防沉剂选自气相二氧化硅、有机膨润土和改性氢化蓖麻油类中的一种或多种;所述的流平剂选自硝化纤维素、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛中的一种或多种;所述的填料选自碳酸钙、滑石粉、硅灰石中的一种或多种。
上所述的一种钢结构防腐涂层,所述氟碳面漆各组份的质量百分数如下:FEVE树脂50%~55%,多异氰酸酯树脂8%~10%,颜料15%~20%,填料10%~18%,分散剂0.6%~0.8%,消泡剂1.5%~2.5%,增稠剂2%~4%,防霉剂1%~2%。
上所述的一种钢结构防腐涂层,所述氟碳面漆中颜料选自环保颜料钛镍黄、钛铬棕、铜铬黑、钴绿、钴蓝、铁铬黑、铁锌铬棕中的一种或多种;所述填料选自云母粉、硫酸钡、硅酸钙、滑石粉中的一种或多种;所述分散剂选自聚乙烯蜡、金属皂类、脂肪族酰胺类中的一种或多种。
上所述的一种钢结构防腐涂层,所述氟碳面漆中消泡剂选自聚醚类、有机硅类、高碳醇类中的一种或多种;所述增稠剂选自聚丙烯酰胺、聚丙烯酸酯中的一种或多种;所述防霉剂选自五氯苯酚、双硫代氨基甲酸酯中的一种。
上所述的一种钢结构防腐涂层,其制备的具体步骤如下:
(1)对钢结构表面进行清洁、喷砂除锈处理,所述喷砂除锈采用金刚砂,砂粒大小控制在1.0mm~1.5mm,压缩空气为动力,喷砂气体压力控制在0.7MPa,喷砂距离控制在90mm~150mm,喷砂角度控制在60度。
(2)采用醇溶性无机富锌底漆在洁净的钢结构基材表面涂刷两次,使其表面均匀覆盖,两次涂刷总的厚度30μm~80μm。
(3)采用聚氨酯中间漆涂刷两次,使涂刷在钢结构基材表面的醇溶性无机富锌底漆均匀覆盖,两次涂刷总的厚度100μm~160μm。
(4)采用氟碳面漆涂刷两次,使涂刷在钢结构基材表面的聚氨酯中间漆均匀覆盖,两次涂刷总的厚度120μm~220μm。
上述每一次涂刷漆,要确保前一次涂刷漆平整均匀、无气泡、完全干燥。
本研究者,将经过上述防腐处理的钢结构材料,在0.1mol/L的氢氧化钠、0.05mol/L的硫酸、120#汽油中分别浸泡7天,检查钢结构的表面以及防腐涂层的外观、结构,并未发现三组试验结果与测试前相比有任何异常,并经过1000h的盐雾试验处理,发现钢结构材料不起锈、不开裂。
本发明的有益效果是,除锈方法选择喷砂除锈,与传统机械除锈、化学除锈以及手工除锈相比除锈更彻底,工作效率更高;防腐涂层采用醇溶性富锌底漆、聚氨酯中间漆涂刷、氟碳面漆;醇溶性富锌底漆不仅起到隔离屏蔽的作用,而且其中的金属锌,在水和氧的存在下发生阳极反应,减缓腐蚀速率,对钢结构起到长效的电化学保护作用,这是传统防腐漆层所达不到的;聚氨酯中间漆具有优异的物理机械性能和耐腐蚀性能;氟碳面漆具有良好的自洁性、耐化学腐蚀性、耐候性和阻燃性,而且氟碳面漆可以实现外观调色,有利于实现与周围环境的协调,起到装饰的作用;此外,漆层涂刷工艺简单,对设备要求低,方便操作,选取的原料易获得,使得钢结构材料能够不受外界环境的侵蚀,更好的发挥自身的作用。
附图说明
图1是本发明钢结构防腐涂层的横截面结构示意图。
图中,1.钢结构基材,2.醇溶性无机富锌底漆层,3.聚氨酯中间漆层,4.氟碳面漆层。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体的实施方案来对本发明做进一步限定,但要求保护的范围不仅局限于此。
【实施例1】
一种钢结构防腐涂层,首先对钢结构基材表面进行清洁和喷砂除锈处理,紧接着进行醇溶性无机富锌底漆涂覆、聚氨酯中间漆涂覆和氟碳面漆涂覆;所述醇溶性无机富锌底漆涂覆在钢结构基材表面,所述聚氨酯中间漆涂覆在底漆上,所述氟碳面漆涂覆在中间漆上;
所述醇溶性无机富锌底漆各组份的质量百分数如下:正硅酸乙酯20%,鳞片状锌粉42%,乙二醇10%,丁醇12%,稀盐酸5%,冰醋酸7%,水玻璃1%,羟基纤维素3%;
所述聚氨酯中间漆各组份的质量百分数如下:水性聚氨酯树脂43%,聚羧酸金属盐2.5%,亚硝酸钠1%,乙酸乙酯1.5%,磷酸三丁酯2%,气相二氧化硅2%,硝化纤维素8%,滑石粉40%;
所述氟碳面漆各组份的质量百分数如下:FEVE树脂54%,多异氰酸酯树脂8%,钛镍黄15%,云母粉15.4%,聚乙烯蜡0.6%,聚氧乙烯醚2%,聚丙烯酰胺3.2%,五氯苯酚1.8%。
一种钢结构防腐涂层,按以下步骤制备:
(1)对钢结构表面进行清洁、喷砂除锈处理,所述喷砂除锈采用金刚砂,砂粒大小控制在1.0mm,压缩空气为动力,喷砂气体压力控制在0.7MPa,喷砂距离控制在90mm,喷砂角度控制在60度。
(2)采用醇溶性无机富锌底漆在洁净的钢结构基材表面涂刷两次,使其表面均匀覆盖,两次涂刷总的厚度30μm。
(3)采用聚氨酯中间漆涂刷两次,使涂刷在钢结构基材表面的醇溶性无机富锌底漆均匀覆盖,两次涂刷总的厚度100μm。
(4)采用氟碳面漆涂刷两次,使涂刷在钢结构基材表面的聚氨酯中间漆均匀覆盖,两次涂刷总的厚度120μm。
上述每一次涂刷漆,要确保前一次涂刷漆平整均匀、无气泡、完全干燥。
【实施例2】
一种钢结构防腐涂层,首先对钢结构基材表面进行清洁和喷砂除锈处理,紧接着进行醇溶性无机富锌底漆涂覆、聚氨酯中间漆涂覆和氟碳面漆涂覆;所述醇溶性无机富锌底漆涂覆在钢结构基材表面,所述聚氨酯中间漆涂覆在底漆上,所述氟碳面漆涂覆在中间漆上;
所述醇溶性无机富锌底漆各组份的质量百分数如下:正硅酸乙酯19%,鳞片状锌粉43%,乙二醇9%,丁醇13%,稀盐酸4.5%,冰醋酸8%,焦磷酸钠1.5%,羟丙基纤维素2%,
所述聚氨酯中间漆各组份的质量百分数如下:水性聚氨酯树脂44%,聚羧酸金属盐3.5%,亚硝酸钠1.5%,丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯1.5%,磷酸正丁酯2.2%,有机膨润土1.8%,聚乙烯醇缩丁醛7.5%,硅灰石38%,
所述氟碳面漆各组份的质量百分数如下:FEVE树脂52%,多异氰酸酯树脂9%,钴蓝16.3%,硫酸钡14%,硬脂酸锌0.7%,甘油聚醚2.5%,聚丙烯酸酯4%,双硫代氨基甲酸酯1.5%,
一种钢结构防腐涂层,按以下步骤制备:
(1)对钢结构表面进行清洁、喷砂除锈处理,所述喷砂除锈采用金刚砂,砂粒大小控制在1.5mm,压缩空气为动力,喷砂气体压力控制在0.7MPa,喷砂距离控制在150mm,喷砂角度控制在60度。
(2)采用醇溶性无机富锌底漆在洁净的钢结构基材表面涂刷两次,使其表面均匀覆盖,两次涂刷总的厚度70μm。
(3)采用聚氨酯中间漆涂刷两次,使涂刷在钢结构基材表面的醇溶性无机富锌底漆均匀覆盖,两次涂刷总的厚度160μm。
(4)采用氟碳面漆涂刷两次,使涂刷在钢结构基材表面的聚氨酯中间漆均匀覆盖,两次涂刷总的厚度200μm。
上述每一次涂刷漆,要确保前一次涂刷漆平整均匀、无气泡、完全干燥。
上面结合实例对本发明进行了示例性描述,而非对本发明的限制,在本发明的精神范围内,还可以做出各种等同修改和变换,这种等同修改和变换属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种钢结构防腐涂层,其特征在于,首先对钢结构基材表面进行清洁和喷砂除锈处理,紧接着进行醇溶性无机富锌底漆涂覆、聚氨酯中间漆涂覆和氟碳面漆涂覆;所述醇溶性无机富锌底漆涂覆在钢结构基材表面,所述聚氨酯中间漆涂覆在底漆上,所述氟碳面漆涂覆在中间漆上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种钢结构防腐涂层,其特征在于,所述的醇溶性无机富锌底漆各组份的质量百分数如下:正硅酸乙酯15%~20%,鳞片状锌粉25%~45%,乙二醇8%~10%,丁醇9%~13%,稀盐酸2.5%~5%,冰醋酸6%~8%,分散剂0.5%~1.5%,增稠剂1%~3%。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种钢结构防腐涂层,其特征在于,所述分散剂选自硅酸盐类、碱金属磷酸盐类和有机分散剂中的一种或多种;所述增稠剂选自羟基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素和羟丙基纤维素中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种钢结构防腐涂层,其特征在于,所述聚氨酯中间漆各组份的质量百分数如下:水性聚氨酯树脂35%~45%,聚羧酸金属盐2%~4%,亚硝酸钠0.5%~1.5%,稀释剂1%~1.5%,消泡剂2%~2.5%,防沉剂0.5%~2%,流平剂5%~8%,填料10%~40%。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种钢结构防腐涂层,其特征在于,所述的稀释剂选自乙酸乙酯、丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯中的一种或多种;所述的消泡剂选自磷酸酯类、酞胺类、脂肪酸类中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种钢结构防腐涂层,其特征在于,所述的防沉剂选自气相二氧化硅、有机膨润土和改性氢化蓖麻油类中的一种或多种;所述的流平剂选自硝化纤维素、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛中的一种或多种;所述的填料选自碳酸钙、滑石粉、硅灰石中的一种或多种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种钢结构防腐涂层,其特征在于,所述氟碳面漆各组份的质量百分数如下:FEVE树脂50%~55%,多异氰酸酯树脂8%~10%,颜料15%~20%,填料10%~18%,分散剂0.6%~0.8%,消泡剂1.5%~2.5%,增稠剂2%~4%,防霉剂1%~2%。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种钢结构防腐涂层,其特征在于,所述颜料选自环保颜料钛镍黄、钛铬棕、铜铬黑、钴绿、钴蓝、铁铬黑、铁锌铬棕中的一种或多种;所述填料选自云母粉、硫酸钡、硅酸钙、滑石粉中的一种或多种;所述分散剂选自聚乙烯蜡、金属皂类、脂肪族酰胺类中的一种或多种。
9.根据权利要求7所述的一种钢结构防腐涂层,其特征在于,所述消泡剂选自聚醚类、有机硅类、高碳醇类中的一种或多种;所述增稠剂选自聚丙烯酰胺、聚丙烯酸酯中的一种或多种;所述防霉剂选自五氯苯酚、双硫代氨基甲酸酯中的一种。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种钢结构防腐涂层的制备方法,其特征在于,其制备的具体步骤如下:
(1)对钢结构表面进行清洁、喷砂除锈处理,所述喷砂除锈采用金刚砂,砂粒大小控制在1.0mm~1.5mm,压缩空气为动力,喷砂气体压力控制在0.7MPa,喷砂距离控制在90mm~150mm,喷砂角度控制在60度。
(2)采用醇溶性无机富锌底漆在洁净的钢结构基材表面涂刷两次,使其表面均匀覆盖,两次涂刷总的厚度30μm~80μm。
(3)采用聚氨酯中间漆涂刷两次,使涂刷在钢结构基材表面的醇溶性无机富锌底漆均匀覆盖,两次涂刷总的厚度100μm~160μm。
(4)采用氟碳面漆涂刷两次,使涂刷在钢结构基材表面的聚氨酯中间漆均匀覆盖,两次涂刷总的厚度120μm~220μm。
上述每一次涂刷漆,要确保前一次涂刷漆平整均匀、无气泡、完全干燥。
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Application publication date: 20181116