CN108811823A - A method of improving characteristic of ginkgo male plants hardwood cutting rooting rate - Google Patents
A method of improving characteristic of ginkgo male plants hardwood cutting rooting rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN108811823A CN108811823A CN201811002116.3A CN201811002116A CN108811823A CN 108811823 A CN108811823 A CN 108811823A CN 201811002116 A CN201811002116 A CN 201811002116A CN 108811823 A CN108811823 A CN 108811823A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods for improving characteristic of ginkgo male plants hardwood cutting rooting rate, use excellent adult staminiferous plant annotinous branch or the characteristic of ginkgo male plants branch through grafting for cuttings, by carrying out chilling treatment to cutting, growth regulator processing, matrix disinfection treatment, nutrient solution pours etc., and the moisturizing of timing water spray, puts up shading net and Routine Management after inserting.Test confirms, starts to pour one time of nutrition liquid every 2 weeks after 30 days after inserting, and cutting starts to take root after 38 days, and rooting rate is up to 93.3~100% after 60 days, and highest radical is up to 107, mean elements 6.4, and high survival rate is up to 95% or more.Operation of the present invention is simple, easy, start to take root within 38 days after inserting, root system development is good, nursery stock is healthy and strong, solve that current staminiferous plant cutting plantation is low, and rootage duration is long, the low problem of survival rate, high quality seedling can be provided for the construction of the clonal Efficient Cultivation of characteristic of ginkgo male plants and staminiferous plant special-purpose forest, there is stronger application value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to arboreal growth development and reproduction technique fields, and in particular to a kind of raising characteristic of ginkgo male plants hardwood cutting
The method of rooting rate.
Background technique
Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba L.) is dioecian plant, wherein characteristic of ginkgo male plants in addition to the general function of ginkgo such as
Medicinal function, pollination function etc., can also be used alone to do building for the extraordinary woods such as shade tree, pollen collection garden, Breeds resources library
If in addition the medicinal ingredients such as Leaves In Male Plant of Ginkgo Biloba flavonoids are higher than female plant, therefore can use Superior male clone and establish staminiferous plant and adopt
The medicinal garden of leaf.But Ginkgo Growing is slow, juvenile phase is long, under natural conditions from be planted to yield positive results take more than 20 years, 40 years after could be big
Therefore amount is as a result, be called " Gong Sunshu ", in the juvenile phase of ginkgo, female plant and staminiferous plant are all difficult to distinguish again, only in Post flowering
It can confirm that gender, this brings difficulty for the construction of characteristic of ginkgo male plants special-purpose forest, and staminiferous plant breeding seedling disparities between supply and demand are prominent.Therefore quick
Establish characteristic of ginkgo male plants pollen collection library, breeding garden, the medicinal garden best bet of picking leaves are exactly to pass through asexual reproduction method, silver at present
Apricot vegetative propagation technique it is more mature be grafting and cuttage, and cuttage is to accelerate the fast numerous effective way of ginkgo breeding.But silver
The cuttage of apricot staminiferous plant is since elite stand is older, and cutting propagation rate is still relatively low at present.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention:Long, the dioecism for ginkgo juvenile phase, female plant and staminiferous plant be all difficult to distinguish, elite stand age limit, skewer
The problems such as slotting breeding potential is still relatively low, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of sides for improving characteristic of ginkgo male plants hardwood cutting rooting rate
Method uses excellent adult staminiferous plant annotinous branch or the characteristic of ginkgo male plants branch through grafting for cuttings, by refrigerating to cutting
Processing, growth regulator processing, matrix disinfection treatment, the measures such as nutrient solution pouring overcome elite stand age limit, have operation letter
It is single, easy, it takes root morning after inserting, the advantages that root system development is good.
Technical solution:In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
A method of characteristic of ginkgo male plants hardwood cutting rooting rate is improved, is included the following steps:
1) 30~40 years excellent staminiferous plant single plants of life are chosen, or are grafted by the excellent staminiferous plant of staminiferous plant single plant branch engrafting and cultivating
Seedling establishes the garden staminiferous plant Cai Sui;
2) the excellent staminiferous plant single plant of averruncator clip life in 30~40 years mid-March or with the raw staminiferous plant of flower shears clip 2-3
Grafting annotinous branch is put into venting bags, is placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerating chambers and is refrigerated 10 days;
3) branch after refrigeration is taken out, places 6h at room temperature, branch is cut into the cutting of 10-15cm, reservation 2 is full
Bud, and tied with rubber band or rope, it is uprightly put into spare in the basin of clear water;
4) cutting for handling step 3) well is immersed in the molten of NAA containing 200mg/LIBA+200mg/L or 400mg/LIBA
1h, cutting base liquid depth 2-5cm are impregnated in liquid;
5) slotting pond matrix was pre-processed in 7 days before cuttage, cutting medium is the perlite and peat that volume ratio is 1: 1
Soil is uniformly mixed and is laid in slotting pond, and stromal thickness 20cm carries out sprinkle disinfection to matrix with 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate,
It places after disinfection 3 days, is then eluted 2~3 times with water flood irrigation under natural conditions, it is spare;
6) dipped cutting in step 4) is taken out, inserting step 5) in spare matrix;
7) every 6h water spray is primary after inserting, and formation leaching is misty, and shading net is put up on top, is changed to spray water daily once after 20 days,
And a 1/4MS nutrient solution is poured every 2 weeks, Routine Management after Survival rate of nursery stock.
In step 1), staminiferous plant single plant derives from tree-like grace, pollen amount is big, health, growing way are vigorous fine individual plant or
The raw excellent staminiferous plant individual grafting seedling branch of 2-3 is obtained by grafting.
In step 2), annotinous branch refers to that current-year branch, the venting bags are snakeskin bag or the nonwoven with mesh
Cloth bag.
In step 3), cutting is:For upper cut at the top 1cm of bud, upper cut is truncation, and it is in horse that lower cut, which is beveling,
Ear, it is desirable that the notch of cutting is smooth.
In step 5), the cuttage pond wide 120cm of bed surface, deep 40cm.
In step 5), the method for liquor potassic permanganate sprinkle matrix disinfection is to pour into prepared liquor potassic permanganate
In the sprayer of 50L, potassium permanganate is equably sprayed in matrix with sprayer.
In step 6), the depth that matrix is inserted into cutting is 7~8cm, is compacted cutting base portion after inserting.
In step 7), water injector is full-automatic intermittent spraying system, can according to circumstances adjust the water spray intermittent time.
In step 7), shading net is degree of shading 60~70%.
In step 7), 1/4MS nutrient solution composition is a great number of elements, the microelement of 1/4MS and the iron of 1/4MS of 1/4MS
Salt does not include vitamin.
Beneficial effect:Compared with prior art, method of the invention is easy to operate, easy, takes root morning after inserting, root system development
Well, nursery stock is healthy and strong, and cutting starts to take root after 38 days, and rooting rate is up to 93.3~100% after 60 days, highest radical up to 107,
Mean elements 6.4, high survival rate solves that current staminiferous plant cutting plantation is low, and rootage duration is long, survival rate up to 95% or more
Low problem, the present invention can provide high quality seedling for the construction of the clonal Efficient Cultivation of characteristic of ginkgo male plants and staminiferous plant special-purpose forest, have
There is stronger application value.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the ginkgo cuttage seeding that characteristic of ginkgo male plants grafting cuttage obtains;
Fig. 2 is the ginkgo cuttage seeding that characteristic of ginkgo male plants seedling branch cutting obtains.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated combined with specific embodiments below.
In following embodiment, 1/4MS nutrient solution is:First preparing MS mother liquor, (wherein MSI is concentrated 20 times, and MSII and MSIII are each
200 times of concentration).The preparation method of 1LMS nutrient solution is:MSI mother liquor 50mL, MSII mother liquor 5mL, MSIII mother liquor 5mL is taken, water is added
It is diluted to 1000mL.1/4MS compounding be the 1LMS nutrient solution that will be prepared be diluted with water 4 times can (MS nutrient solution composition
As shown in table 1).
1 MS nutrient solution of table composition and mother liquor
The calculation formula of rooting rate is:The cutting number for rooting rate (%)=take root/cutting sum × 100%.
Embodiment 1
A method of characteristic of ginkgo male plants hardwood cutting rooting rate is improved, is included the following steps:
1) it chooses excellent staminiferous plant single plant branch in all parts of the country and (derives from tree-like grace, pollen amount is big, healthy, growing way is prosperous
Contain), it grafts on the raw ginkgo stock of 3-5, obtains staminiferous plant grafting.After 2-3, select annual staminiferous plant branch as cuttings.
2) mid-March is put into venting bags with flower shears clip staminiferous plant grafting annotinous branch, is placed in cold in 4 DEG C of refrigerating chambers
10 days, hiding.
3) branch after refrigeration is taken out, places 6h at room temperature, branch is cut into the cutting of 10-15cm, upper cut is in bud
Top 1cm at, it is in horse ear, it is desirable that the notch of cutting is smooth that upper cut, which is truncation, and lower cut is beveling.Reservation 2 is full
Bud, and tied with rubber band or rope, it is uprightly put into spare in the basin of clear water.
4) cutting for handling step 3) well, which is immersed in the solution of the IBA containing 400mg/L, impregnates 1h, cutting base liquid
Depth 2-5cm.
5) slotting pond matrix being pre-processed in 7 days before cuttage, cutting medium is that perlite and peat soil (1: 1) mix,
It is evenly laid out insert pond in, stromal thickness 20cm, cuttage the pond wide 120cm of bed surface, deep 40cm, with 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate
Sprinkle disinfection is carried out to matrix (to pour into prepared liquor potassic permanganate in the sprayer of 50L, with sprayer by potassium permanganate
Equably it is sprayed in matrix), it places after disinfection 3 days, is then eluted 2~3 times with water flood irrigation under natural conditions, it is spare.
6) will be taken out with IBA dipped cutting in step 4), inserting step 5) in spare matrix.Matrix is inserted into cutting
Depth is 7~8cm, is compacted cutting base portion after inserting.
7) every 6h water spray is primary (full-automatic intermittent spraying system can according to circumstances adjust the water spray intermittent time) after inserting,
It is misty to form leaching, shading net (degree of shading is 60~70%) are put up on top, are changed to spray water daily after 20 days primary, and pour every 2 weeks
1/4MS nutrient solution, Routine Management after Survival rate of nursery stock.Wherein, 1/4MS nutrient solution composition be a great number of elements, microelement and
Molysite does not include vitamin.
It counts within 60 days after inserting, the excellent annual cutting of staminiferous plant individual grafting is averaged rooting rate 97.5%, highest rooting rate
100%, as shown in Figure 1, mean elements is up to 8.3, average longest root long 3.6cm, high survival rate is up to 98% or more, seedling growth
It is healthy and strong.
Embodiment 2
A method of characteristic of ginkgo male plants hardwood cutting rooting rate is improved, is included the following steps:
1) 30~40 years excellent staminiferous plant single plant annotinous branches of life are chosen as cuttings.
2) mid-March is put into venting bags with 30~40 years excellent staminiferous plant single plant annotinous branches of life of averruncator clip, is set
It is refrigerated 10 days in 4 DEG C of refrigerating chambers.
3) branch after refrigeration is taken out, places 6h at room temperature, branch is cut into the cutting of 10-15cm, reservation 2 is full
Bud, and tied with rubber band or rope, it is uprightly put into spare in the basin of clear water.
4) cutting for handling step 3) well, which is immersed in the solution of the NAA of IBA+200mg/L containing 200mg/L, impregnates 1h,
Cutting base liquid depth 2-5cm.
5) slotting pond matrix being pre-processed in 7 days before cuttage, cutting medium is that perlite and peat soil (1: 1) mix,
It is evenly laid out insert pond in, stromal thickness 20cm carries out sprinkle disinfection to matrix with 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate, after disinfection
It places 3 days, is then eluted 2~3 times with water flood irrigation under natural conditions, it is spare.
6) will be taken out with IBA and NAA dipped cutting in step 4), inserting step 5) in spare matrix.
7) every 6h water spray is primary after inserting, and formation leaching is misty, and shading net is put up on top, is changed to spray water daily once after 20 days,
And a 1/4MS nutrient solution is poured every 2 weeks, Routine Management after Survival rate of nursery stock.
It counting within 60 days after inserting, rooting rate is average 96.7%, as shown in Fig. 2, mean elements is up to 8.6, average longest root
Long 5.5cm, for high survival rate up to 96% or more, seedling growth is healthy and strong.
Comparative example 1
Mid-March is put into flower shears clip by excellent staminiferous plant grafting 1 year raw branch of staminiferous plant branch engrafting and cultivating
In airbag, it is placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerating chambers and refrigerates 10 days.
Processing and management after other cutting trimmings, cutting time, the foundation in cuttage seedbed, cuttage technique and cuttage is same
Embodiment 1, wherein:In step 4), cutting impregnates 1h with clear water.
It counts within 60 days after inserting, the annual cutting plantation 64.4% of rooting rate average out to staminiferous plant grafting, mean elements reaches
5.1, average longest root long 2.6cm, for high survival rate up to 90%, seedling growth is healthy and strong.
Comparative example 2
Mid-March is put into flower shears clip by excellent staminiferous plant grafting 1 year raw branch of staminiferous plant branch engrafting and cultivating
In airbag, it is placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerating chambers and refrigerates 10 days.
Processing and management after other cutting trimmings, cutting time, the foundation in cuttage seedbed, cuttage technique and cuttage is same
Embodiment 1, wherein:In step 4), cutting 200mg/LIBA+200mg/LNAA, the processing time is 1h.
Comparative example 3
Mid-March is put into flower shears clip by excellent staminiferous plant grafting 1 year raw branch of staminiferous plant branch engrafting and cultivating
In airbag, it is placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerating chambers and refrigerates 10 days.
Processing and management after other cutting trimmings, cutting time, the foundation in cuttage seedbed, cuttage technique and cuttage is same
Example 1, wherein:In step 4), cutting impregnates 1h with clear water, in step 5), cutting medium be the perlite that volume ratio is 2: 1 and
Peat soil, in step 7), degree of shading 50%.
Comparative example 4
Mid-March is put into flower shears clip by excellent staminiferous plant grafting 1 year raw branch of staminiferous plant branch engrafting and cultivating
In airbag, it is placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerating chambers and refrigerates 10 days.
Processing and management after other cutting trimmings, cutting time, the foundation in cuttage seedbed, cuttage technique and cuttage is same
Embodiment 1, wherein:In step 5), cutting medium is the perlite and peat soil that volume ratio is 2: 1, in step 7), degree of shading
50%.
Comparative example 5
Mid-March passes through excellent staminiferous plant grafting 1 year raw branch of staminiferous plant branch engrafting and cultivating with flower shears clip, without
Chilling treatment, the same day adopt item, same day cuttage.Other cutting trimmings, cutting time, the foundation in cuttage seedbed, cuttage technique and
Processing and management after cuttage is the same as embodiment 1.
Comparative example 6
It is put into venting bags, is placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerating chambers with 30~40 years excellent staminiferous plant annotinous branches of life of averruncator clip
Refrigeration 10 days.
Processing and management after other cutting trimmings, cutting time, the foundation in cuttage seedbed, cuttage technique and cuttage is same
Embodiment 2, wherein in step 4), cutting handles 1h with clear water.
It counts within 60 days after inserting, 30~40 years raw seedling staminiferous plant branch cutting rooting rates are up to 63.1%, and mean elements is up to 4.3
Item, average longest root long 1.8cm, high survival rate is up to 87.5%.
Comparative example 7
Mid-March is put into venting bags with 30~40 years excellent staminiferous plant annotinous branches of life of averruncator clip, be placed in 4 DEG C it is cold
Hiding refrigerates 10 days in room.
Processing and management after other cutting trimmings, cutting time, the foundation in cuttage seedbed, cuttage technique and cuttage is same
Embodiment 2, wherein in step 4), cutting handles 1h with 400mg/L IBA.
Comparative example 8
Mid-March is put into venting bags with 30~40 years excellent female plant annotinous branches of life of averruncator clip, be placed in 4 DEG C it is cold
Hiding refrigerates 10 days in room.
Processing and management after other cutting trimmings, cutting time, the foundation in cuttage seedbed, cuttage technique and cuttage is same
Embodiment 2, wherein in step 4), cutting clear water handles processing 1h.
Comparative example 9
Mid-March is put into venting bags with 30~40 years excellent female plant annotinous branches of life of averruncator clip, be placed in 4 DEG C it is cold
Hiding refrigerates 10 days in room.Processing after other cutting trimmings, cutting time, the foundation in cuttage seedbed, cuttage technique and cuttage
And management is the same as embodiment 2.
The Seedlings of Ginkgo biloba strain number of embodiment 1,2 and comparative example 1-9 is identical, counts the rooting rate of each group nursery stock (60 days after inserting)
With survival rate (90 days after inserting), it the results are shown in Table 2.
The situation statistics of taking root of 2 nursery stock of table
Group | Average rooting rate/% | Survival rate/% | Average longest root long/cm | Mean elements/item |
Embodiment 1 | 97.5 | 95 | 3.6 | 8.3 |
Embodiment 2 | 96.7 | 96 | 5.5 | 8.6 |
Comparative example 1 | 64.4 | 90 | 2.6 | 5.1 |
Comparative example 2 | 83.9 | 95 | 3.4 | 5.8 |
Comparative example 3 | 21.0 | 64 | 1.3 | 2.0 |
Comparative example 4 | 49.7 | 90 | 2.8 | 5.3 |
Comparative example 5 | 73.3 | 93 | 2.5 | 4.8 |
Comparative example 6 | 63.1 | 87.5 | 1.8 | 4.3 |
Comparative example 7 | 69.7 | 90 | 4.4 | 8.9 |
Comparative example 8 | 55.5 | 90 | 4.3 | 6.4 |
Comparative example 9 | 77.7 | 95 | 4.2 | 7.1 |
From Table 2, it can be seen that the growth regulating processing of staminiferous plant grafting cutting is impregnated in the solution of 400mg/L IBA
1h rooting rate highest (embodiment 1);200mg/LIBA+200mg/ is used in raw seedling cutting growth regulating processing in staminiferous plant 30~40 years
1h, rooting rate highest (embodiment 2) are impregnated in the solution of L NAA.
Comparative example 1- comparative example 5 be carry out clear water processing 1h (comparative example 1), 200mg/L IBA+200mg/L NAA it is molten
1h (comparative example 2), clear water processing 1h are impregnated in liquid, cutting medium is the perlite and peat soil that volume ratio is 2: 1, degree of shading
50% (comparative example 3), 400mg/L IBA solution in impregnate 1h, cutting medium is the perlite and peat that volume ratio is 2: 1
Soil, the scheme comparison of degree of shading 50% (comparative example 4);The same day adopts item, and same day cuttage (comparison example 5) can from rooting rate
Embodiment 1 is best processing out.
Comparative example 6- comparative example 7 is that cutting clear water handles 1h (comparative example 6) and cutting 400mg/L IBA processing 1h
The scheme comparison of (comparative example 7), from the point of view of rooting rate, the two is far below the rooting rate of example 1.
Comparative example 8- comparative example 9 is raw cuttage experiments in 30~40 years of female plant, including cutting handles 1h (comparative example with clear water
8) 1h (comparative example 9) is handled with cutting 400mg/L IBA, from the point of view of rooting rate, the two is far below 2 staminiferous plant cuttage of embodiment
Rooting rate.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for improving characteristic of ginkgo male plants hardwood cutting rooting rate, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
1) 30~40 years excellent staminiferous plant single plants of life are chosen, or by the excellent staminiferous plant grafting of staminiferous plant branch engrafting and cultivating, are established
The garden staminiferous plant Cai Sui;
2) it the excellent staminiferous plant single plant of averruncator clip life in 30~40 years mid-March or is grafted with the raw staminiferous plant of flower shears clip 3-5
Seedling annotinous branch is put into venting bags, is placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerating chambers and is refrigerated 10 days;
3) branch after refrigeration is taken out, places 6h at room temperature, branch is cut into the cutting of 10-15cm, retain 2 full buds,
And tied with rubber band or rope, it is uprightly put into spare in the basin of clear water;
4) cutting for handling step 3) well is immersed in the solution of NAA containing 200mg/LIBA+200mg/L or 400mg/LIBA
Impregnate 1h, cutting base liquid depth 2-5cm;
5) slotting pond matrix being pre-processed in 7 days before cuttage, cutting medium is the perlite and peat soil that volume ratio is 1: 1,
It is uniformly mixed and is laid in slotting pond, stromal thickness 20cm carries out sprinkle disinfection to matrix with 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate, disappears
It places after poison 3 days, is then eluted 2~3 times with water flood irrigation under natural conditions, it is spare;
6) dipped cutting in step 4) is taken out, inserting step 5) in spare matrix;
7) every 6h water spray is primary after inserting, and formation leaching is misty, and shading net is put up on top, is changed to spray water once daily after 20 days, and every 2
Pour a 1/4MS nutrient solution, Routine Management after Survival rate of nursery stock week.
2. the method according to claim 1 for improving characteristic of ginkgo male plants hardwood cutting rooting rate, it is characterised in that:Step 1)
In, staminiferous plant single plant derives from tree-like grace, the fine individual plant or obtain 3-5 by grafting that pollen amount is big, healthy, growing way is vigorous
The excellent staminiferous plant grafting branch of year life.
3. the method according to claim 1 for improving characteristic of ginkgo male plants hardwood cutting rooting rate, it is characterised in that:Step 2)
In, annotinous branch refers to that current-year branch, the venting bags are snakeskin bag or the non-woven bag with mesh.
4. the method according to claim 1 for improving characteristic of ginkgo male plants hardwood cutting rooting rate, it is characterised in that:Step 3)
In, cutting is:For upper cut at the top 1cm of bud, upper cut is truncation, and it is in horse ear, it is desirable that cutting that lower cut, which is beveling,
Notch is smooth.
5. the method according to claim 1 for improving characteristic of ginkgo male plants hardwood cutting rooting rate, it is characterised in that:Step 5)
In, the cuttage pond wide 120cm of bed surface, deep 40cm.
6. the method according to claim 1 for improving characteristic of ginkgo male plants hardwood cutting rooting rate, it is characterised in that:Step 5)
In, the method for liquor potassic permanganate sprinkle matrix disinfection is to pour into prepared liquor potassic permanganate in the sprayer of 50L, is used
Potassium permanganate is equably sprayed in matrix by sprayer.
7. the method according to claim 1 for improving characteristic of ginkgo male plants hardwood cutting rooting rate, it is characterised in that:Step 6)
In, the depth that matrix is inserted into cutting is 7~8cm, is compacted cutting base portion after inserting.
8. the method according to claim 1 for improving characteristic of ginkgo male plants hardwood cutting rooting rate, it is characterised in that:Step 7)
In, water injector is full-automatic intermittent spraying system, can according to circumstances adjust the water spray intermittent time.
9. the method according to claim 1 for improving characteristic of ginkgo male plants hardwood cutting rooting rate, it is characterised in that:Step 7)
In, shading net is degree of shading 60~70%.
10. the method according to claim 1 for improving characteristic of ginkgo male plants hardwood cutting rooting rate, it is characterised in that:Step 7)
In, 1/4MS nutrient solution composition is a great number of elements, the microelement of 1/4MS and the molysite of 1/4MS of 1/4MS, does not include dimension life
Element.
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CN109566127A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-05 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of Phoebe bournei cuttage seeding cultivating method |
CN114027086A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-02-11 | 曹文玉 | Ginkgo cutting propagation seedling raising method |
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