CN108801465B - Laser polarization state measuring device and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Laser polarization state measuring device and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
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Abstract
The invention provides a laser polarization state measuring device and a measuring method thereof, wherein the scheme comprises a polarization beam splitter, a polarization beam splitter prism I, a polarization beam splitter prism II, a 45-degree total reflection mirror I, a 45-degree total reflection mirror II, a diffuse transmission screen I, a diffuse transmission screen II, a diffuse transmission screen III, a diffuse transmission screen IV, a CCD camera, a data processor and a synchronous trigger; the scheme adopts a method for measuring the relative energy of the sub-beams by combining a diffuse transmission screen with CCD camera imaging, is used for measuring the laser polarization state, has simple system and high integration level, and is particularly suitable for measuring the high repetition frequency pulse laser polarization state with larger caliber.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser, in particular to a laser polarization state measuring device and a measuring method thereof.
Background
With the development of laser technology, the performance parameters of lasers are receiving more and more attention. The polarization state is an important property of laser, and in many application fields of laser, such as optimization of laser cutting efficiency, laser coherent combination effect, sodium beacon laser light return efficiency, laser frequency doubling/sum frequency efficiency and the like, polarization control of laser cannot be separated, and the premise of realizing effective control and effect evaluation is accurate measurement of the laser polarization state. The main methods for measuring the polarization state parameters include a mechanical method and a partial amplitude method, and the mechanical method is limited in wide application because of the limited time response speed; the partial amplitude method can simultaneously measure four Stokes parameters of the laser, and the detector can be matched according to the test requirement, so that the method is widely applied. In 2017, li ningxin et al in patent publication no: CN107271041A discloses a laser polarization state measuring instrument for measuring the polarization state of laser based on a partial amplitude method. In 2008, wang xiaoman et al, in patent publication No.: CN101303256 discloses an embedded polarization state measuring instrument based on liquid crystal. The laser polarization state measuring device disclosed above mostly adopts multiple groups of photoelectric detectors for detection, is not beneficial to system integration and relatively complex in light path adjustment, and the whole measuring system cannot be small in size, so that the use is inconvenient. Polarization measuring instruments aiming at small-caliber common continuous laser polarization state testing are common in the current market; however, for the polarization state measurement of centimeter-level caliber, high repetition frequency and short pulse laser, no mature instrument well meeting the polarization measurement requirement is available, and research and development are urgently needed for the polarization measurement technology and the measurement device of the laser.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a laser polarization state measuring device and a measuring method thereof aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The scheme is realized by the following technical measures:
a laser polarization state measuring device comprises a polarization beam splitter (2), a polarization beam splitter prism I (3), a polarization beam splitter prism II (4), a 45-degree total reflection mirror I (5), a 45-degree total reflection mirror II (6), a diffuse transmission screen I (7), a diffuse transmission screen II (8), a diffuse transmission screen III (9), a diffuse transmission screen IV (10), a CCD camera (11), a data processor (12) and a synchronous trigger (13); a laser beam emitted by a laser device to be detected (1) is divided into two light paths of transmission and reflection with a certain amplitude ratio and phase delay difference through a polarization beam splitter (2), the divided two light beams of transmission and reflection respectively pass through a polarization beam splitter I (3) and a polarization beam splitter II (4) and respectively divide two light beams of P light and S light, the 4 light beams are respectively incident to a diffuse transmission screen I (7), a diffuse transmission screen II (8), a diffuse transmission screen III (9) and a diffuse transmission screen IV (10) to carry out body scattering to generate diffuse transmission light, a CCD camera (11) collects light spots, a data processor (12) obtains corresponding relative energy of the four light spots according to a collected light spot diagram, and the polarization state of the laser emitted by the laser device to be detected (1) can be calculated by combining an algorithm.
The scheme is preferably as follows: the polarization beam splitter (2) is coated with a film layer, the transmittance Tp of the measured laser light P is 79%, the transmittance Ts of the measured laser light S is 21%, the phase difference delta t of the transmitted light P and S, the phase difference delta r of the reflected light P and S is 90 DEG or-90 deg.
The scheme is preferably as follows: the polarization beam splitter prism I (3) and the polarization beam splitter prism II (4) have the light transmittance Tp of more than 96 percent, the light reflectance Rs of more than 99 percent and the incident angle range of 0 to 2 percent for the measured laser P.
The scheme is preferably as follows: when the polarization beam splitter prism I (3) is placed, the S light transmission axes of the polarization beam splitter prism I and the polarization beam splitter prism (2) have a 45-degree difference.
The scheme is preferably as follows: when the polarization beam splitter prism II (4) is placed, the S light transmission axes of the polarization beam splitter prism II and the polarization beam splitter mirror (2) have a 45-degree difference.
The scheme is preferably as follows: the diffuse transmission screen I (7), the diffuse transmission screen II (8), the diffuse transmission screen III (9) and the diffuse transmission screen IV (10) are made of milk white glass or polytetrafluoroethylene plates with Lambert diffuse transmission performance.
The scheme is preferably as follows: the 45-degree total reflection mirror I (5) and the 45-degree total reflection mirror II (6) are plated with films, and the films have high reflectivity to the measured laser.
The scheme is preferably as follows: the CCD camera (11) is an area array CCD digital camera, is provided with an imaging lens and has a triggering function, and the response wave band is matched with the incident laser.
A measuring method for laser polarization state measurement is characterized in that:
the polarization state and the polarization parameter of the laser are expressed by a Stokes vector, and the Stokes vector is S ═ S (S)0,S1,S2,S3)TThe electric signal column vector corresponding to the light spot collected by the CCD camera (11) is I ═ I0,I1,I2,I3)TThen, then
I＝AS (1)
In the formula, A is an instrument matrix and can be obtained by a calibration experiment by adopting laser in a standard polarization state. When the polarization state of the laser is measured, the Stokes vector of the incident laser can be calculated by the electric signal column vector I acquired by the CCD camera (11) according to the formula (2).
S＝A-1I (2)
According to the Stokes vector, the polarization state parameter of the laser (1) to be tested can be calculated according to the formulas (3) to (8): degree of polarization P, degree of linear polarization DOLP, degree of circular polarization DOCP, angle of polarization θ, angle of ellipse e, and angle of ellipse χ
DOCP＝S3/S0(5)
The beneficial effect of the scheme can be known from the description of the scheme, because the diffuse transmission screen is combined with the method for measuring the relative energy of the sub-beams imaged by the CCD camera in the scheme, the CCD camera is used for replacing the conventional test method in which a plurality of groups of photoelectric detectors are adopted to detect the light spots of the sub-beams, the test system is more compact, and the integration level is higher. The CCD camera is adopted for light spot detection, and the measured laser sub-beam light spots can be reflected in real time through images of the CCD camera, so that the light path adjustment is relatively simple, and the aperture of the tested laser is relatively large. The configured synchronous trigger can be used for testing the polarization state of common continuous laser and measuring the polarization state of high-repetition-frequency short-pulse laser.
Therefore, compared with the prior art, the invention has substantive characteristics and progress, and the beneficial effects of the implementation are also obvious.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a spatial relationship diagram of P light and S light.
In the figure, 1 is the laser to be tested, 2 is the polarization beam splitter, 3 is polarization beam splitter I, 4 is polarization beam splitter II, 5 is 45 full reflection mirror I, 6 is 45 full reflection mirror II 6, 7 is diffuse transmission screen I, 8 is diffuse transmission screen II, 9 is diffuse transmission screen III, 10 is diffuse transmission screen IV, 11 is the CCD camera, 12 is the data processor, 13 is synchronous trigger.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
As shown in fig. 1, a laser polarization state measuring device and a measuring method thereof include a polarization beam splitter 2, a polarization beam splitter i 3, a polarization beam splitter ii 4, a 45 ° total reflection mirror i 5, a 45 ° total reflection mirror ii 6, a diffuse transmission screen i 7, a diffuse transmission screen ii 8, a diffuse transmission screen iii 9, a diffuse transmission screen iv 10, a CCD camera 11, a data processor 12, a synchronization trigger 13, and the like. The synchronous trigger 13 synchronously triggers the laser 1 and the CCD camera 11 to be detected, the laser beam emitted by the laser 1 to be detected is divided into two beams of transmission and reflection with certain amplitude ratio and phase delay difference by the polarization beam splitter 2, the two divided beams of transmission and reflection respectively pass through the polarization beam splitter I3 and the polarization beam splitter II 4 and respectively divide two beams of P light and S light, the 4 beams of light are respectively incident to the diffuse transmission screen I, the diffuse transmission screen II, the diffuse transmission screen III and the diffuse transmission screen IV to be subjected to body scattering to generate diffuse transmission light, the CCD camera 11 collects light spots, the data processor 12 obtains the corresponding relative energy of the four light spots according to the collected light spot diagram, and the polarization state of the laser emitted by the laser 1 to be detected can be calculated by combining an algorithm. The figure illustrates pulsed laser polarization state measurement, and the synchronization flip-flop 13 does not participate when the present invention is used for ordinary continuous laser polarization state testing.
As shown in FIG. 2, the P light and S light are spatially related, ∑1The cross section of the polarization beam splitter 2 where the P light and the S light are located, P1And S1The transmission axes of the P light and the S light on the polarizing beam splitter 2, ∑2The cross section of the polarizing beam splitter I3 where the P light and the S light are located, P2And S2The transmission axes of the P light and the S light on the polarization beam splitter I3, ∑3Is the cross section of the P light and the S light on the polarization beam splitter prism II 4, P3And S3The transmission axes of P light and S light on a polarization beam splitter II 4, wherein S1And S2The included angle is 45 degrees and S1And S3The included angle is 45 degrees.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications made without inventive step by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel feature or any novel combination of features disclosed in this specification and any novel method or process steps or any novel combination of features disclosed.
Claims (9)
1. A laser polarization state measuring device is characterized in that: the device comprises a polarization beam splitter (2), a polarization beam splitter prism I (3), a polarization beam splitter prism II (4), a 45-degree total reflection mirror I (5), a 45-degree total reflection mirror II (6), a diffuse transmission screen I (7), a diffuse transmission screen II (8), a diffuse transmission screen III (9), a diffuse transmission screen IV (10), a CCD camera (11), a data processor (12) and a synchronous trigger (13); the laser beam emitted by the laser (1) to be tested is divided into two light paths of transmission and reflection with certain amplitude ratio and phase delay difference by the polarization beam splitter (2), the divided two light beams of transmission and reflection respectively pass through the polarization beam splitter I (3) and the polarization beam splitter II (4) and respectively divide two light beams of P light and S light, the 4 light beams are respectively incident to the diffuse transmission screen I (7), the diffuse transmission screen II (8), the diffuse transmission screen III (9) and the diffuse transmission screen IV (10) to carry out volume scattering to generate diffuse transmission light, the CCD camera (11) simultaneously collects light spots after the diffuse transmission screen I (7), the diffuse transmission screen II (8), the diffuse transmission screen III (9) and the diffuse transmission screen IV (10) are scattered, the data processor (12) obtains the relative energy corresponding to the four light spots according to the collected light spot patterns, and the polarization state of the laser emitted by the laser to be detected (1) can be calculated by combining an algorithm.
2. The laser polarization state measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: the polarization beam splitter (2) is coated with a film layer, the transmittance Tp =79% of the measured laser light P, the transmittance Ts =21% of the measured laser light S, the phase difference Deltat between the P light and the S light of the transmitted light, and the phase difference Deltar between the P light and the S light of the reflected light, the Deltar-Deltar =90 degrees or minus 90 degrees.
3. The laser polarization state measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: the polarization beam splitter prism I (3) and the polarization beam splitter prism II (4) have the light transmittance Tp of more than 96 percent, the light reflectance Rs of more than 99 percent and the incident angle range of 0 to 2 percent for the measured laser P.
4. The laser polarization state measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: when the polarization beam splitter prism I (3) is placed, the S light transmission axes of the polarization beam splitter prism I and the polarization beam splitter prism (2) have a 45-degree difference.
5. The laser polarization state measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: when the polarization beam splitter prism II (4) is placed, the S light transmission axes of the polarization beam splitter prism II and the polarization beam splitter mirror (2) have a 45-degree difference.
6. The laser polarization state measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: the diffuse transmission screen I (7), the diffuse transmission screen II (8), the diffuse transmission screen III (9) and the diffuse transmission screen IV (10) are made of milk white glass or polytetrafluoroethylene plates with Lambert diffuse transmission performance.
7. The laser polarization state measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: the 45-degree total reflection mirror I (5) and the 45-degree total reflection mirror II (6) are plated with film layers, and the film layers have high reflectivity to the measured laser.
8. The laser polarization state measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: the CCD camera (11) is an area array CCD digital camera, is provided with an imaging lens and has a triggering function, and the response wave band is matched with incident laser.
9. A laser polarization state measuring method based on the laser polarization state measuring apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that:
the polarization state and the polarization parameter of the laser are represented by Stokes vectors, and the Stokes vectors are S = (C)S 0,S 1,S 2,S 3) T The method adopts a CCD camera (11) to simultaneously acquire electric signal column vectors corresponding to four groups of light spots as I = (C)I 0,I 1,I 2,I 3) T Then, then
In the formula, A is an instrument matrix and is obtained by adopting laser in a standard polarization state through a calibration experiment; when the polarization state of the laser is measured, the Stokes vector of the incident laser can be calculated by the electric signal column vector I acquired by the CCD camera (11) according to the formula (2);
according to the Stokes vector, the polarization state parameter of the laser (1) to be tested can be calculated according to the formulas (3) to (8): degree of polarizationPDegree of linear polarizationDOLPDegree of circular polarizationDOCPAngle of polarization theta, ellipsometryeAnd ellipse Angle x
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| CN112345078A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-09 | 衡阳市智谷科技发展有限公司 | Polarization measurement system based on light wave polarization state |
| CN113008529B (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-06 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | Large-caliber optical element measuring system based on ultrafast laser imaging |
| CN116773151A (en) * | 2023-08-23 | 2023-09-19 | 四川中久大光科技有限公司 | High-power laser polarization degree testing method and device |
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