CN113176185B - Polarization measurement system of smoke particle Mueller matrix - Google Patents
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- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
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- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
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- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
- G01N21/49—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
- G01N21/53—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid within a flowing fluid, e.g. smoke
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Abstract
The invention discloses a polarization measurement system of a smoke particle Mueller matrix, which belongs to the field of polarization detection and comprises a transmitting system, a beam splitting and polarizing system, a smoke particle simulation system, a light splitting system, an offset system and a computer data processing system, wherein the transmitting system, the smoke particle simulation system, the light splitting system and the offset system are sequentially arranged on a main light path in a light beam transmission direction; the invention can complete the measurement of sixteen groups of Mueller matrices by replacing the operation of four times of adjustment of the polarization element in the traditional smoke medium Mueller matrix test by rotating the impeller into the primary system, thereby reducing the operation steps, avoiding errors and improving the experimental accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of polarization detection, in particular to a polarization measurement system of a smoke particle Mueller matrix.
Background
The fuel combustion and the tail gas emission cause serious air pollution and serious haze. The appearance of haze not only produces very big harm to people's health, still can influence traffic safety, leads to the meteorological variation even. Haze weather has been recognized as a disaster weather. Research into smoke particles in haze environments has received attention.
The polarization state of the polarized light changes during transmission due to scattering by smoke particles. This change in polarization state can be represented by a mueller matrix. The polarized light is scattered and carries the information of the particles. The mueller matrix varies from smoke particle to smoke particle. The 16 elements of the mueller matrix comprise the intensity characteristic, the bidirectional attenuation characteristic, the polarization characteristic, the depolarization characteristic and the phase delay characteristic of the measured substance.
Most of traditional Mueller matrix measuring systems utilize a polarizing system and an analyzing system which are composed of a polarizing film and a wave plate, different polarizing and analyzing combinations are adopted, and a target Mueller matrix is calculated through 36 or 16 independent meters. However, for unstable gas media such as smoke, etc. with high real-time requirements, in order to ensure the accuracy of the test, the minimum operation is 4 independent adjustments, and after each adjustment, before the test, the smoke needs to be adjusted to an equivalent state of the previous measurement, such as: a known fractional amplitude type measurement method for a mueller matrix pattern of scattering characteristics of an aerosol medium is disclosed in patent document No. CN104865224B.
The precision requirement for smoke adjustment is high, the testing difficulty is increased, the operation is complex, the consumed time is long, and in the experimental process, the accuracy of the detection result is affected by the adjustment and the recording asynchronism every time, so that the error is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: aiming at the problems of complex operation, long time consumption and error of the existing Mueller matrix measuring system, the polarization measuring system of the Mueller matrix of the smoke particles is provided for researching the Mueller matrix of the smoke particles.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows: a polarization measurement system for a smoke particle mueller matrix, comprising: the device comprises an emission system, a beam splitting and polarizing system, a smoke particle simulation system, a light splitting system, a polarization detection system and a computer data processing system, wherein the emission system, the smoke particle simulation system, the light splitting system and the polarization detection system are sequentially arranged on a main light path in a light beam transmission direction;
wherein:
the emission system is used for emitting collimated parallel laser beams;
the beam splitting and polarizing system is used for uniformly splitting the laser beam emitted by the emitting system into three beams with the same energy and different polarization states, the three beams are respectively transmitted along a first beam splitting channel, a second beam splitting channel and a third beam splitting channel, the first beam splitting channel, the second beam splitting channel and the third beam splitting channel are parallel to each other, the second beam splitting channel is taken as a symmetry axis, the first beam splitting channel and the third beam splitting channel are positioned at two sides of the second beam splitting channel, the light emitted along the direction of the first beam splitting channel is horizontal polarized light or vertical polarized light, the light emitted along the direction of the second beam splitting channel is + 45-degree polarized light or-45-degree polarized light, and the light emitted along the direction of the third beam splitting channel is right-handed polarized light or left-handed polarized light;
the polarizing system comprises a polarizing plate a, wherein the polarizing plate a is used for adjusting the laser beam emitted by the emitting system into one of horizontal polarized light, vertical polarized light, + 45-degree polarized light or-45-degree polarized light, and the polarization state of the polarizing plate a is different from that of the three light beams emitted by the beam splitting polarizing system;
the smoke particle simulation system is used for storing smoke particles to be tested and is provided with three light incidence windows and three light emission windows;
the smoke particle simulation system comprises a light splitting system and a light splitting system, wherein the light splitting system comprises a first light splitting unit, a second light splitting unit and a third light splitting unit, the first light splitting unit, the second light splitting unit and the third light splitting unit are respectively arranged on three emergent light paths of the smoke particle simulation system, the first light splitting unit comprises a non-polarization light splitting prism a, the second light splitting unit comprises a non-polarization light splitting prism b, the third light splitting unit comprises a non-polarization light splitting prism c, and the ratio of transmission energy to reflection energy of the non-polarization light splitting prism a to the non-polarization light splitting prism b to the non-polarization light splitting prism c is 1;
the polarization analyzing system comprises a first polarization analyzing unit, a second polarization analyzing unit, a third polarization analyzing unit, a fourth polarization analyzing unit, a fifth polarization analyzing unit and a sixth polarization analyzing unit, wherein the first polarization analyzing unit and the second polarization analyzing unit are respectively arranged on a reflection light path and a transmission light path of the first light splitting unit; the third polarization analyzing unit and the fourth polarization analyzing unit are respectively arranged on a reflection light path and a transmission light path of the second light splitting unit; the polarization analyzing unit V and the polarization analyzing unit VI are respectively arranged on the reflection light path and the transmission light path of the light splitting unit III; the analyzer unit I comprises a 1/4 wave plate b, a polaroid e and a detector a which are sequentially arranged along the transmission direction of light, wherein the 1/4 wave plate b is adjusted to form a + 45-degree direction or a-45-degree direction with the horizontal plane, and the polaroid e is adjusted to the horizontal direction; the second polarization analyzing unit comprises a micro-polarization detector a; the analyzer unit III comprises a 1/4 wave plate c, a polaroid f and a detector b which are sequentially arranged along the transmission direction of light, the 1/4 wave plate c is adjusted to be in a + 45-degree direction or a-45-degree direction with the horizontal plane, and the polaroid f is adjusted to be in the horizontal direction; the analyzer unit IV comprises a micro-polarization detector b; the analyzer unit V comprises a 1/4 wave plate d, a polaroid g and a detector c which are sequentially arranged along the transmission direction of light, the 1/4 wave plate d is adjusted to be in a + 45-degree direction or a-45-degree direction with the horizontal plane, and the polaroid g is adjusted to be in the horizontal direction; the polarization analyzing unit VI comprises a micro-polarization detector c;
and the computer data processing system is respectively connected with the detector a, the micro-polarization detector a, the detector b, the micro-polarization detector b, the detector c and the micro-polarization detector c through data lines.
Further, the emission system includes a laser, a collimating system, and an optical filter, which are sequentially disposed along a transmission direction of light.
Further, the beam splitting and polarizing system comprises a polarizing plate b, a polarizing plate c, a polarizing plate d, a 1/4 wave plate a, a focusing lens and a one-dimensional three-channel beam splitter, wherein the one-dimensional three-channel beam splitter is arranged at the focal point of the focusing lens and is used for uniformly splitting a laser beam from the emitting system into three beams of light beam I, light beam II and light beam III, the three beams of light are converted into three parallel beams after passing through the focusing lens and are respectively transmitted along three mutually parallel channels, the three mutually parallel channels are respectively a first channel, a second channel and a third channel, and incident ports of the second channel and the one-dimensional three-channel beam splitter are positioned on the same straight line; the first channel and the third channel are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the second channel; the polaroid b is placed on the light path of the first channel and used for adjusting the received light into horizontally polarized light or vertically polarized light; the polaroid c is placed on the light path of the second channel and used for adjusting the received light into + 45-degree polarized light or-45-degree polarized light; the polaroid d and the 1/4 wave plate a are placed on the light path of the third channel, the 1/4 wave plate a is arranged on the light ray emergent side of the polaroid d, and the assembly formed by the polaroid d and the 1/4 wave plate a is used for forming light passing through the assembly into right-handed polarized light or left-handed polarized light.
Further, a fan is arranged on the bottom surface of the interior of the smoke particle simulation system.
Through the design scheme, the invention can bring the following beneficial effects: aiming at the defects of complex operation, time consumption and the like in the measurement process of the Mueller matrix in an unstable smoke medium environment, the polarization measurement system of the smoke particle Mueller matrix provided by the invention is characterized in that a polarizing system and a beam splitting polarizing system are added through a wave wheel after an emission system, and when the beam splitting polarizing system is screwed in, a light beam emitted by the emission system is divided into three channels, so that the polarization measurement system has the function of polarizing at the same time in three polarization states; in the polarization detection unit, each beam splitting channel can simultaneously detect four polarization states, so that the effect of simultaneously polarizing and detecting the three polarization states is achieved, and the test of twelve groups of Mueller matrices is completed at one time. The wave wheel is used for rapidly screwing out the beam splitting polarizing system and screwing in the polarizing system, the main light path is only provided with one channel and can be used for detecting four polarization states of a fourth polarizing light passing through a smoke medium, and the other four groups of Mueller matrix tests are completed. The whole testing process only needs to regulate the smoke medium environment once, does not need repeated regulation, and can avoid the error problem caused by repeated regulation of the smoke medium environment. In addition, the impeller is screwed into a primary system to replace the operation of adjusting the polarization element for four times in the traditional smoke medium Mueller matrix test, so that the measurement of sixteen groups of Mueller matrices can be completed, the operation steps are reduced, the error is avoided, and the experimental accuracy is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention to the right, and in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a polarization measurement system of a smoke particle mueller matrix.
The labels in the figure are as follows: 1-emission system, 101-laser, 102-collimation system, 103-optical filter, 2-beam splitting polarization system, 201-polarizer b, 202-polarizer c, 203-polarizer d, 204-1/4 wave plate a, 205-focusing lens, 206-one-dimensional three-channel beam splitter, 3-polarization system, 301-polarizer a, 4-smoke particle simulation system, 5-beam splitting system, 501-beam splitting unit I, 5011-non-polarization beam splitting prism a, 502-beam splitting unit II, 5021-non-polarization beam splitting prism b, 503-beam splitting unit III, 5031-non-polarization beam splitting prism c, 6-polarization analysis system, 601-polarization analysis unit I, 6011-detector a, 6012-polarizer e, 6013-1/4 b, 602-polarization analysis unit II, 6021-micro-polarization detector a, 603-polarization analysis unit III, 6031-polarizer detector b, 6032-f, 33-1/4 c, 605-polarization analysis unit 604-41, 6041-micro-polarization analysis unit B, 601-micro polarization detector b, 6051-604 micro polarization detector a, 6053-polarization analysis detector, 6053-604 c, 6031-polarization analysis detector, 6053-604 c, 6053-polarization analysis data processing unit, 6053-604 c.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited by the following examples, and specific embodiments can be determined according to the technical solutions and practical situations of the present invention. Well-known methods, procedures, components and circuits have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a polarization measurement system of a smoke particle mueller matrix is characterized by comprising: the system comprises a transmitting system 1, a beam splitting polarizing system 2, a polarizing system 3, a smoke particle simulation system 4, a beam splitting system 5, a polarization analyzing system 6 and a computer data processing system 7, wherein the transmitting system 1, the smoke particle simulation system 4, the beam splitting system 5 and the polarization analyzing system 6 are sequentially arranged on a main light path in a light beam transmission direction, the beam splitting polarizing system 2 and the polarizing system 3 are arranged on the same impeller, when the impeller rotates to a first position, the beam splitting polarizing system 2 is switched to enter the main light path in the light beam transmission direction, when the impeller rotates to a second position, the polarizing system 3 is switched to enter the main light path in the light beam transmission direction, and the beam splitting polarizing system 2 and the polarizing system 3 are positioned between the transmitting system 1 and the smoke particle simulation system 4.
The emitting system 1 comprises a laser 101, a collimating system 102 and an optical filter 103 which are sequentially arranged along the transmission direction of light, and the emitting system 1 is used for generating collimated parallel laser beams by taking the horizontal direction as a reference axis.
The beam splitting and polarizing system 2 is configured to uniformly divide a laser beam emitted by the emission system 1 into three beams with the same energy and different polarization states, the beam splitting and polarizing system 2 includes a polarizing film b201, a polarizing film c202, a polarizing film d203, a 1/4 wave plate a204, a focusing lens 205, and a one-dimensional three-channel beam splitter 206, the one-dimensional three-channel beam splitter 206 is configured to divide an incident laser into three beams, the three beams are in the same plane, the beam splitting energy and the wavefront have good consistency, and the characteristic of the initial laser is not changed at the same time, the one-dimensional three-channel beam splitter 206 is a one-dimensional three-channel beam splitter produced by shenzhen weix photoset limited, and the model is as follows: TS-272-Q-Y-A, the one-dimensional three-channel beam splitter 206 is placed in the focus of the focusing lens 205, three beams of light emitted by the one-dimensional three-channel beam splitter 206 pass through the focusing lens 205 and then are changed into three parallel beams of light, namely a beam I, a beam II and a beam III, the beam I, the beam II and the beam III are transmitted along three mutually parallel channels respectively, the three mutually parallel channels are a first channel, a second channel and a third channel respectively, wherein the second channel and the incident port of the one-dimensional three-channel beam splitter 206 are located on the same straight line, and the first channel and the third channel are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the second channel; the polarizing plate b201 is placed on the optical path of the first channel, the polarizing plate b201 is adjusted to the horizontal direction or the vertical direction, and the polarizing plate b201 is used for adjusting the received light into horizontally polarized light or vertically polarized light; the polaroid c202 is placed on the light path of the second channel, the polaroid c202 is adjusted to be in a + 45-degree direction or a-45-degree direction with the horizontal, and the polaroid c202 is used for adjusting the light received by the polaroid c202 into + 45-degree polarized light or-45-degree polarized light; the polarizing plate d203 and the 1/4 wave plate a204 are placed on the light path of the third channel, the 1/4 wave plate a204 is arranged on the light ray outgoing side of the polarizing plate d203, the polarizing plate d203 is adjusted to the horizontal direction, and the 1/4 wave plate a204 is adjusted to the direction forming +45 degrees or-45 degrees with the horizontal direction, so that right-handed polarized light or left-handed polarized light can be obtained, and the beam splitting polarizing system 2 as a whole can be screwed in and out in the main light path through the impeller.
The polarizing system 3 comprises a polarizing plate a301, the polarizing plate a301 is adjusted to be in a horizontal direction or a vertical direction, and the polarizing plate a301 is used for adjusting the light received by the polarizing plate a301 into horizontally polarized light or vertically polarized light; the polarizing plate a301 is adjusted to form a + 45-degree direction or a-45-degree direction with the horizontal plane, so that + 45-degree polarized light or-45-degree polarized light can be obtained, the polarizing system 3 is used for generating polarized light different from the polarization state of three emergent lights of the beam splitting polarizing system 2, and the polarizing system 3 can be screwed into a main light path as required.
The smoke particle simulation system 4 comprises a smoke particle gas container, the smoke particle simulation system 4 is used for storing smoke particles to be tested, and the smoke particles are inevitably deposited and settled under the action of gravitational attraction existing in nature. Therefore, the fan is arranged on the bottom surface inside the smoke particle gas container, so that air circulation is ensured, and sedimentation is prevented. The smoke particles to be measured are uniformly stirred and tend to be stable, then measurement is carried out, and the smoke particle simulation system 4 is provided with three light incidence windows and three light emission windows.
The light splitting system 5 comprises a first light splitting unit 501, a second light splitting unit 502 and a third light splitting unit 503, the first light splitting unit 501, the second light splitting unit 502 and the third light splitting unit 503 are respectively placed on three emergent light paths of the smoke particle simulation system 4, the first light splitting unit 501 comprises a non-polarizing beam splitter prism a5011, the second light splitting unit 502 comprises a non-polarizing beam splitter prism b5021, the third light splitting unit 503 comprises a non-polarizing beam splitter prism c5031, and the ratio of the transmission energy to the reflection energy of the non-polarizing beam splitter prism a5011, the non-polarizing beam splitter prism b5021 and the non-polarizing beam splitter prism c5031 is 1.
The polarization analyzing system 6 comprises a first polarization analyzing unit 601, a second polarization analyzing unit 602, a third polarization analyzing unit 603, a fourth polarization analyzing unit 604, a fifth polarization analyzing unit 605 and a sixth polarization analyzing unit 606, wherein the first polarization analyzing unit 601 and the second polarization analyzing unit 602 are respectively arranged on a reflection light path and a transmission light path of the first light splitting unit 501; the third analyzer 603 and the fourth analyzer 604 are respectively arranged on the reflection light path and the transmission light path of the second light splitting unit 502; the polarization analyzing unit five 605 and the polarization analyzing unit six 606 are respectively arranged on the reflection light path and the transmission light path of the light splitting unit three 503; the first analyzer unit 601 comprises a 1/4 wave plate b6013, a polarizing plate e6012 and a detector a6011 which are sequentially arranged along the transmission direction of light, wherein the 1/4 wave plate b6013 is adjusted to be in a + 45-degree direction or a-45-degree direction with the horizontal direction, the polarizing plate e6012 is adjusted to be in the horizontal direction, and the detector a6011 detects right-handed polarized light or left-handed polarized light; the second analyzer unit 602 includes a micro-polarization detector a6021, which is known in the art, and is a special polarization camera capable of detecting polarized light of horizontal, vertical, +45 °, and 135 ° simultaneously, among the four detection results, the present invention only needs to select three polarization detection results corresponding to polarization to calculate the mueller matrix, and the micro-polarization detector a6021 adopts the existing product, LUCID company, model: PHX050S-QC, the light intensity that the little polarized detector a6021 detects is the light intensity picture after the light is analyzed the direction of polarization to be 0, 45, 90 and 135 separately (based on the polarized imaging method of the little polaroid array, integrate the little polaroid array on the sensitization chip, divide the way of the flat 2 x 2 areas of target surface of the detector, the light intensity detected is the light intensity picture after the light is analyzed the direction of polarization to be 0, 90, 45 and 135 separately, thus realize, the light intensity that the little polarized detector a6021 detects is the light intensity picture function after the direction of polarization is 0, 45, 90 and 135 separately; the third analyzer 603 includes a 1/4 wave plate c6033, a polarizer f6032 and a detector b6031 arranged in sequence along the light transmission direction, the 1/4 wave plate c6033 is adjusted to be in a +45 ° direction or a-45 ° direction with the horizontal, the polarizer f6032 is adjusted to be in the horizontal direction, and the detector b6031 detects right-handed polarized light or left-handed polarized light; the analyzer unit iv 604 includes a micro-polarization detector b6041, and the micro-polarization detector b6041 is an existing product, LUCID corporation, model number: the light intensity detected by a PHX050S-QC and a micro-polarization detector b6041 are light intensity images after the light is analyzed in the polarization direction of 0 degree, 45 degrees, 90 degrees and 135 degrees respectively; the analyzer unit five 605 comprises a 1/4 wave plate d6053, a polarizing plate g6052 and a detector c6051 which are sequentially arranged along the transmission direction of light, wherein the 1/4 wave plate d6053 is adjusted to be in a direction of +45 degrees or-45 degrees with the horizontal direction, the polarizing plate g6052 is adjusted to be in the horizontal direction, and the detector e6051 detects right-handed polarized light or left-handed polarized light; the sixth analyzer unit 606 includes a micro-polarization detector c6061, and the micro-polarization detector c6061 is an existing product, LUCID company, model: the light intensity detected by a PHX050S-QC and a micro-polarization detector c6061 are light intensity images after the light is analyzed in the polarization direction of 0 degree, 45 degrees, 90 degrees and 135 degrees respectively;
the computer data processing system 7 is respectively connected with the detector a6011, the micro-polarization detector a6021, the detector b6031, the micro-polarization detector b6041, the detector c6051 and the micro-polarization detector c6061 through data lines.
The specific implementation steps of the polarization measurement system for the smoke particle Mueller matrix for measuring sixteen groups of Mueller matrices are as follows:
step one, early preparation:
firstly, a polarizing plate b201, a polarizing plate c202, a polarizing plate d203 and a 1/4 wave plate a204 in a beam splitting polarizing system 2 are adjusted, so that emergent light of a first channel passing through a one-dimensional three-channel beam splitter 206 and a focusing lens 205 is horizontally polarized light, emergent light of a second channel is + 45-degree polarized light, and emergent light of a third channel is right-handed polarized light; then, the 1/4 wave plate b6013 and the polarizing plate e6012 are adjusted, so that the first analyzer unit 601 detects right-handed polarized light, the second analyzer unit 602 detects horizontal polarized light, vertical polarized light and + 45-degree polarized light, and the third analyzer unit 603 and the fifth analyzer unit 605 are adjusted so that the two units are consistent with the first analyzer unit 601; adjusting a fourth analyzing unit 604 and a sixth analyzing unit 606 to make the two units consistent with the second analyzing unit 602, and then adjusting the polarizer a301 in the polarizing system 3 to make the incident light entering the smoke particle simulation system 4 be vertical polarized light;
step two, turning on a laser 101, wherein light emitted by the laser 101 passes through a collimation system 102 and is emitted to an optical filter 103 to be filtered, so that collimated parallel light is obtained;
step three, the collimated parallel light obtained in the step two is emitted to a beam splitting polarization system 2, the light beam is divided into three paths through a one-dimensional three-channel beam splitter 206 and a focusing lens 205, the intensity of each path of light beam is the same, and the three beams of emergent light passing through the beam splitting polarization system 2 are horizontal polarized light, + 45-degree polarized light and right-handed polarized light respectively;
step four, emergent light is emitted into the smoke particle simulation system 4 in the step three, and smoke particles to be detected are uniformly stirred in a smoke particle gas container;
a light beam is incident into a light splitting system 5 through a smoke particle simulation system 4, a first channel of horizontal polarized light is incident into a first light splitting unit 501, a second channel of + 45-degree polarized light is incident into a second light splitting unit 502, a third channel of right-handed polarized light is incident into a third light splitting unit 503, three non-polarized light splitting prisms do not change the polarization state of the polarized light and are only used for splitting one light beam into two transmitted and reflected light beams, and the intensity is halved, so that six emergent lights are obtained;
step six, the obtained six paths of light beams are simultaneously incident to six polarization detection units, and right-hand circularly polarized light, horizontal polarized light, vertical polarized light and + 45-degree polarized light under the condition of horizontal polarized light incidence are respectively detected; dextrorotation circular polarized light, horizontal polarized light, vertical polarized light and + 45-degree polarized light under the incidence condition of + 45-degree polarized light; the polarization light source comprises right-handed circularly polarized light, horizontal polarized light, vertical polarized light and + 45-degree polarized light under the incident condition of the right-handed circularly polarized light;
seventhly, simultaneously detecting the light intensity of six outgoing light beams by the three detectors and the three micro-polarization detectors to obtain twelve groups, transmitting the light intensity information to the computer data processing system 7, and calculating the Mueller matrix by the computer data processing system 7;
step eight, after the adjustment of the step one is finished, without re-adjustment, the beam splitting and polarizing system 2 is screwed out through a wave wheel and screwed into the polarizing system 3, namely, the vertical polarized light is incident into the smoke particle simulation system 4, the vertical polarized light is incident into the beam splitting unit two 502, the right-handed circularly polarized light, the horizontal polarized light, the vertical polarized light and the + 45-degree polarized light under the incident condition of the vertical polarized light are detected, the light intensity patterns received by the detector c6031 and the micro-polarization detector d6041 under the state are recorded, four groups are formed, and then the sixteen groups of Mueller matrix patterns are calculated.
To sixteen sets of Mueller matrices S' 11 ～S′ 44 The calculation is carried out according to the formula:
S′ 11 ＝I 11 +I 12 +I 21 +I 22 ，S′ 12 ＝I 11 +I 12 -I 21 -I 22 ，
S′ 13 ＝2(I 31 +I 32 )-(I 11 +I 12 +I 21 +I 22 )，S′ 14 ＝2(I 41 +I 42 )-(I 11 +I 12 +I 21 +I 22 )，
S′ 21 ＝I 11 -I 12 +I 21 -I 22 ，S′ 22 ＝I 11 -I 12 -I 21 +I 22 ，
S′ 23 ＝2(I 31 -I 32 )-(I 11 -I 12 +I 21 -I 22 )，S′ 24 ＝2(I 41 -I 42 )-(I 11 -I 12 +I 21 -I 22 )
S′ 31 ＝2(I 13 +I 23 )-(I 11 +I 12 +I 21 +I 22 )，S′ 32 ＝2(I 13 -I 23 )-(I 11 +I 12 -I 21 -I 22 )，
S′ 33 ＝4I 33 -2(I 13 +I 23 +I 31 +I 32 )+(I 11 +I 12 +I 21 +I 22 )，
S′ 34 ＝4I 43 -2(I 13 +I 23 +I 41 +I 42 )+(I 11 +I 12 +I 21 +I 22 )
S′ 41 ＝2(I 14 +I 24 )-(I 11 +I 12 +I 21 +I 22 )，S′ 42 ＝2(I 14 -I 24 )-(I 11 +I 12 -I 21 -I 22 )，
S′ 43 ＝4I 34 -2(I 14 +I 24 +I 31 +I 32 )+(I 11 +I 12 +I 21 +I 22 )，
S′ 44 ＝4I 44 -2(I 14 +I 24 +I 41 +I 42 )+(I 11 +I 12 +I 21 +I 22 )。
wherein I is the detected light intensity, the first number of the lower corner mark represents the polarization, the second number represents the polarization detection, the lower corner mark 1 represents the horizontal, 2 represents the vertical, 3 represents +45 degrees, and 4 represents the right-hand.
Claims (4)
1. A polarization measurement system for a smoke particle mueller matrix, comprising: the device comprises an emission system (1), a beam splitting polarizing system (2), a polarizing system (3), a smoke particle simulation system (4), a beam splitting system (5), an analyzing system (6) and a computer data processing system (7), wherein the emission system (1), the smoke particle simulation system (4), the beam splitting system (5) and the analyzing system (6) are sequentially arranged on a main light path in a light beam transmission direction, the beam splitting polarizing system (2) and the polarizing system (3) are arranged on the same impeller, when the impeller rotates to a first position, the beam splitting polarizing system (2) is switched to enter the main light path in the light beam transmission direction, when the impeller rotates to a second position, the polarizing system (3) is switched to enter the main light path in the light beam transmission direction, and the beam splitting polarizing system (2) and the polarizing system (3) are positioned between the emission system (1) and the smoke particle simulation system (4);
wherein:
the emitting system (1) is used for emitting collimated parallel laser beams;
the beam splitting and polarizing system (2) is used for uniformly splitting the laser beam emitted by the emitting system (1) into three beams with the same energy and different polarization states, the three beams are respectively transmitted along a first beam splitting channel, a second beam splitting channel and a third beam splitting channel, the first beam splitting channel, the second beam splitting channel and the third beam splitting channel are parallel to each other, the second beam splitting channel is taken as a symmetry axis, the first beam splitting channel and the third beam splitting channel are positioned at two sides of the second beam splitting channel, the light emitted along the direction of the first beam splitting channel is horizontal polarized light or vertical polarized light, the light emitted along the direction of the second beam splitting channel is + 45-degree polarized light or-45-degree polarized light, and the light emitted along the direction of the third beam splitting channel is right-handed polarized light or left-handed polarized light;
the polarization system (3) comprises a polarizing plate a (301), wherein the polarizing plate a (301) is used for adjusting the laser beam emitted by the emitting system (1) into one of horizontal polarized light, vertical polarized light, + 45-degree polarized light or-45-degree polarized light, and the polarization state of the three-way light beam emitted by the beam splitting and polarization system (2) is different;
the smoke particle simulation system (4) is used for storing smoke particles to be tested, and the smoke particle simulation system (4) is provided with three light incidence windows and three light emission windows;
the light splitting system (5) comprises a first light splitting unit (501), a second light splitting unit (502) and a third light splitting unit (503), wherein the first light splitting unit (501), the second light splitting unit (502) and the third light splitting unit (503) are respectively placed on three emergent light paths of the smoke particle simulation system (4), the first light splitting unit (501) comprises a non-polarization light splitting prism a (5011), the second light splitting unit (502) comprises a non-polarization light splitting prism b (5021), the third light splitting unit (503) comprises a non-polarization light splitting prism c (5031), and the ratio of transmission energy to reflection energy of the non-polarization light splitting prism a (5011), the non-polarization light splitting prism b (5021) and the non-polarization light splitting prism c (5031) is 1;
the polarization analyzing system (6) comprises a first polarization analyzing unit (601), a second polarization analyzing unit (602), a third polarization analyzing unit (603), a fourth polarization analyzing unit (604), a fifth polarization analyzing unit (605) and a sixth polarization analyzing unit (606), wherein the first polarization analyzing unit (601) and the second polarization analyzing unit (602) are respectively arranged on a reflection light path and a transmission light path of the first light splitting unit (501); a third analyzer unit (603) and a fourth analyzer unit (604) are respectively arranged on a reflection light path and a transmission light path of the second light splitting unit (502); a fifth analyzing unit (605) and a sixth analyzing unit (606) are respectively arranged on a reflection light path and a transmission light path of the third light splitting unit (503); the first analyzer unit (601) comprises a 1/4 wave plate b (6013), a polarizing plate e (6012) and a detector a (6011) which are sequentially arranged along the transmission direction of light, wherein the 1/4 wave plate b (6013) is adjusted to be in a + 45-degree direction or a-45-degree direction with the horizontal direction, and the polarizing plate e (6012) is adjusted to be in the horizontal direction; the second analyzing unit (602) comprises a micro-polarization detector a (6021); the third analyzer unit (603) comprises a 1/4 wave plate c (6033), a polaroid f (6032) and a detector b (6031) which are sequentially arranged along the transmission direction of light, wherein the 1/4 wave plate c (6033) is adjusted to be in a direction of +45 degrees or-45 degrees with the horizontal direction, and the polaroid f (6032) is adjusted to be in the horizontal direction; the analyzer unit four (604) comprises a micro-polarization detector b (6041); the polarization analyzing unit V (605) comprises a 1/4 wave plate d (6053), a polarizing plate g (6052) and a detector c (6051) which are sequentially arranged along the transmission direction of light, wherein the 1/4 wave plate d (6053) is adjusted to be in a direction of +45 degrees or-45 degrees with the horizontal direction, and the polarizing plate g (6052) is adjusted to be in the horizontal direction; the polarization analyzing unit six (606) comprises a micro-polarization detector c (6061);
and the computer data processing system (7) is respectively connected with the detector a (6011), the micro-polarization detector a (6021), the detector b (6031), the micro-polarization detector b (6041), the detector c (6051) and the micro-polarization detector c (6061) through data lines.
2. Polarization measurement system of a smoke particle mueller matrix of claim 1, characterized in that: the emission system (1) comprises a laser (101), a collimating system (102) and an optical filter (103) which are arranged in sequence along the transmission direction of light.
3. The polarization measurement system of the smoke particle mueller matrix of claim 1, wherein: the beam splitting and polarizing system (2) comprises a polarizing plate b (201), a polarizing plate c (202), a polarizing plate d (203), a 1/4 wave plate a (204), a focusing lens (205) and a one-dimensional three-channel beam splitter (206), wherein the one-dimensional three-channel beam splitter (206) is arranged at the focal point of the focusing lens (205), the one-dimensional three-channel beam splitter (206) is used for uniformly splitting a laser beam from the emitting system (1) into three beams of light beam I, light beam II and light beam III, the three beams of light are converted into three parallel light beams through the focusing lens (205) and are transmitted along three mutually parallel channels respectively, the three mutually parallel channels are a first channel, a second channel and a third channel respectively, and incident ports of the second channel and the one-dimensional three-channel beam splitter (206) are positioned on the same straight line; the first channel and the third channel are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the second channel; a polarizing plate b (201) is arranged on the optical path of the first channel, and the polarizing plate b (201) is used for adjusting the received light into horizontally polarized light or vertically polarized light; a polarizing plate c (202) is placed on the optical path of the second channel, and the polarizing plate c (202) is used for adjusting the light received by the polarizing plate c (202) into + 45-degree polarized light or-45-degree polarized light; the polarizing plate d (203) and the 1/4 wave plate a (204) are arranged on the optical path of the third channel, the 1/4 wave plate a (204) is arranged on the light ray outgoing side of the polarizing plate d (203), and the assembly formed by the polarizing plate d (203) and the 1/4 wave plate a (204) is used for forming light passing through the assembly into right-handed polarized light or left-handed polarized light.
4. The polarization measurement system of the smoke particle mueller matrix of claim 1, wherein: and a fan is arranged on the bottom surface inside the smoke particle simulation system (4).
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