CN108797157A - 工艺简单、轮廓特征明显的无版多套色印花织物及制备方法 - Google Patents

工艺简单、轮廓特征明显的无版多套色印花织物及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108797157A
CN108797157A CN201810711125.3A CN201810711125A CN108797157A CN 108797157 A CN108797157 A CN 108797157A CN 201810711125 A CN201810711125 A CN 201810711125A CN 108797157 A CN108797157 A CN 108797157A
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printing
fabric
bush
natural dye
temperature
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CN108797157B (zh
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张瑞萍
王杰
王红卫
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Nantong University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种工艺简单、轮廓特征明显的无版多套色印花织物及制备方法，采用天然染料的多套色印花方法制成，利用天然染料本身多组份特性和酸碱显色特性，通过等离子前处理、印碱性蛋白浆，再进行染色和后处理等流程，只使用一种天然染料就能实现在织物上产生非印花处染色得到的颜色1、碱性蛋白印花轮廓处的颜色2、碱性蛋白印花部分的颜色3，即三套色的具有工笔画轮廓特征的印花效果；本发明减少了所需染料的品种，无需制版，工艺简单，成本低廉，花型具有仿工笔画效果，助剂生态环保，达到加工节能减排和产品生态安全的要求。

Description

工艺简单、轮廓特征明显的无版多套色印花织物及制备方法
本申请是申请号：201710151660.3、申请日：2017-03-15、名称：“天然染料的多套色印花方法”的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种天然染料的多套色印花方法。
背景技术
随着人民生活水平的提高，对纺织品的质量要求也越来越高，在工作紧张的现代社会，人们对自身生活质量包括安全、健康更加关注了，对衣着追求舒适、自然和保健。近年来，德国和其他欧美国家相继制定了系列生态纺织品标准，也限制了合成染料的使用。由于国内外对合成禁用染料的危害问题高度重视，为保护公众健康和环境安全，来源于植物的天然染料对纺织品的染色方面研究活跃，关注重点是天然染料染色方面。天然染料多色谱印花研究不多。天然染料多色谱印花克服了染色织物的单一颜色的单调外观，花纹图案的表现力更加丰富，给人的视觉冲击更强，更加吸引消费者,有广阔的市场前景。专利ZL201410608308.4采用阳离子改性剂进行印花,然后用天然染料染色，在印花处和未印花处产生深浅不同的效果，但色相未变化，只是深浅不同。专利ZL201510589803.X采用阳离子改性处理，然后天然染料染色，最后用一种或多种组合的媒染剂印花，得到两套色印花织物，这种方法存在多种媒染剂的互相干扰问题。专利ZL201510270120.8采用先阳离子全面处理纺织品，再通过印花的方法局部拔除阳离子剂，最后进行天然染料染色，只产生一种颜色的深浅不同的效果，色相未变化,存在阳离子拔除困难,对织物存在损伤和多步使用化学品的问题。专利ZL201210494467.7通过预媒染的方法对织物进行前处理，然后用天然染料进行印花，再在留白处用去媒染剂的助剂印花，过程复杂,必须使用化学试剂拔除媒染剂。除留白处以外，若得到两套色以上的花纹必须选择两种以上不同的天然染料。目前尚无只用一种天然染料产生三套色的印花方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种只用一种天然染料(植物提取液)的多套色印花方法，该方法减少了所需染料的品种，无需制版,工艺简单，成本低廉,花型具有仿工笔画效果，助剂生态环保，达到加工节能减排和产品生态安全的要求。
本发明的技术解决方案是：
一种天然染料的多套色印花方法，其特征是：依次包括下列步骤：
（1）低温等离子前处理：功率5-10千瓦，车速5-10米/分钟，气氛：空气；
（2）织物进行碱性蛋白浆印花：印花浆的组成：石灰，豆粉，水，比例1：3-4：5-6；印花浆均匀调和，通过数码印花喷头，由电脑控制花型进行喷印；
（3）60℃-90℃低温烘干；
（4）天然染料染液配制：提取的天然染料60-100g/L，加醋酸或盐酸调节pH至3-6；
（5）将烘干的印花织物放入染液中染色，染色温度80-90℃，染色时间10-30min；
（6）染色织物放入后处理液中，处理温度30-50℃， 处理时间10-20 min，后处理剂浓度2-10g/L，pH6-10；
（7）取出，超声波洗涤，超声功率60-100W，频率40-80Hz，温度50℃，时间5-20min。
所述天然染料是从苏木、茜草或淡竹叶等植物中的一种提取的染料。
所述后处理剂为硫酸亚铁、硫酸铜或草木灰。所述织物是棉、麻、真丝、羊毛、羊绒、锦纶、腈纶、氨纶、竹纤维、粘胶、天丝、莫代尔、聚乳酸纤维、醋酸纤维中的一种或几种制成的织物。
本发明利用天然植物提取的染料本身多组份特性和酸碱显色特性，通过等离子前处理、印碱性蛋白浆，再进行染色和后处理等流程，提供只使用一种天然染料,就能实现三套色印花的方法。该方法减少了所需染料的品种，无需制版,工艺简单，成本低廉,花型具有仿工笔画效果，助剂生态环保，达到加工节能减排和产品生态安全的要求。
等离子处理的目的是提高碱性蛋白印花浆对织物的黏附性，使用的连续化等离子处理设备，空气气氛，操作高效，成本低廉。
利用碱性蛋白印花浆对后续天然染料的物理化学作用，即经过后续染色和后处理加工，由于印花部分和染色部分酸碱性差异(印花部分碱性,染色部分弱酸性)以及印花浆中蛋白质的作用，使得染色液除在非印花部位上染外，染液在印花部分首先被轮廓处的碱性蛋白浆阻挡中和分离，分离后的部分染料进入印花处上染纤维，轮廓部分是分离后的另一种染料组分。所以，在织物上产生非印花处染色得到的颜色1、碱性蛋白印花轮廓处的颜色2、碱性蛋白印花部分的颜色3，即三套色的具有工笔画轮廓特征的印花效果。
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
一种天然染料的多套色印花方法，依次包括下列步骤：
（1）低温等离子前处理：功率5-10千瓦，车速5-10米/分钟，气氛：空气；
（2）织物进行碱性蛋白浆印花，印花浆的组成：石灰，豆粉，水，比例1：3-4：5-6。均匀调和，通过数码印花喷头，由电脑控制花型进行喷印；
（3）低温烘干（60℃-90℃）
（4）天然染料染液配制：提取的染液80g/L，加盐酸调节pH至5。
染料是从中药苏木提取，提取方法：
苏木8重量份, 氢氧化钠 2重量份,水100重量份,在苏木中加入水，再加入氢氧化钠，浸泡一段时间后，通过煮沸30min后过滤，制成80g/L的苏木提取液。
（5）将烘干的印花织物放入染液中染色，80-90℃，10-30min。
（6）染色织物放入后处理液中，30-50℃， 10-20 min，后处理剂浓度2-10g/L，pH6-10, 后处理剂为硫酸亚铁。
（7）取出，超声波洗涤。超声功率60-100W，频率40-80Hz，温度50℃，时间5-20min。
所述织物是棉、麻、真丝、羊毛、羊绒、锦纶、腈纶、氨纶、竹纤维、粘胶、天丝、莫代尔、聚乳酸纤维、醋酸纤维中的一种或几种制成的织物。
实施例2：
（1）低温等离子前处理：功率5-10千瓦，车速5-10米/分钟，气氛：空气；
（2）织物进行碱性蛋白浆印花，印花浆的组成：石灰，豆粉，水，比例1：3-4：5-6。均匀调和，通过数码印花喷头，由电脑控制花型进行喷印。
（3）低温烘干（60℃-90℃）
（4）天然染料染液配制：提取的染液60g/L，加盐酸调节pH至3。
染料是从中药茜草提取，提取方法：
茜草6重量份, 碳酸钠3重量份,水100重量份,在茜草中加入水，再加入碳酸钠，浸泡一段时间后，通过煮沸30min后过滤，制成60g/L的茜草提取液。
（5）将烘干的印花织物放入染液中染色，80-90℃，10-30min。
（6）染色织物放入后处理液中，30-50℃， 10-20 min，后处理剂浓度2-10g/L，pH6-10, 后处理剂为草木灰。
（7）取出，超声波洗涤。超声功率60-100W，频率40-80Hz，温度50℃，时间5-20min。
所述织物是棉、麻、真丝、羊毛、羊绒、锦纶、腈纶、氨纶、竹纤维、粘胶、天丝、莫代尔、聚乳酸纤维、醋酸纤维中的一种或几种制成的织物。
实施例3：
（1）低温等离子前处理：功率5-10千瓦，车速5-10米/分钟，气氛：空气；
（2）织物进行碱性蛋白浆印花，印花浆的组成：石灰，豆粉，水，比例1：3-4：5-6。均匀调和，通过数码印花喷头，由电脑控制花型进行喷印。
（3）低温烘干（60℃-90℃）
（4）天然染料染液配制：提取的染液100g/L，加醋酸调节pH至6。
染料是从中药淡竹叶提取，提取方法：
淡竹叶10重量份, 氢氧化钠 2重量份,水100重量份,在淡竹叶中加入水，再加入氢氧化钠，浸泡一段时间后，通过煮沸30min后过滤，制成100g/L的淡竹叶提取液。
（5）将烘干的印花织物放入染液中染色，80-90℃，10-30min。
（6）染色织物放入后处理液中，30-50℃， 10-20 min，后处理剂浓度2-10g/L，pH6-10, 后处理剂为硫酸铜。
（7）取出，超声波洗涤。超声功率60-100W，频率40-80Hz，温度50℃，时间5-20min。
所述织物是棉、麻、真丝、羊毛、羊绒、锦纶、腈纶、氨纶、竹纤维、粘胶、天丝、莫代尔、聚乳酸纤维、醋酸纤维中的一种或几种制成的织物。

Claims (2)

1.一种工艺简单、轮廓特征明显的无版多套色印花织物，其特征是：所述织物是棉、麻、真丝、羊毛、羊绒、锦纶、腈纶、氨纶、竹纤维、粘胶、天丝、莫代尔、聚乳酸纤维、醋酸纤维等中的一种或几种制成的织物；
采用天然染料的多套色印花方法制成，所述天然染料的多套色印花方法依次包括下列步骤：
（1）低温等离子前处理：功率5-10千瓦，车速5-10米/分钟，气氛：空气；
（2）织物进行碱性蛋白浆印花：印花浆的组成：石灰，豆粉，水，比例1：3-4：5-6；印花浆均匀调和，通过数码印花喷头，由电脑控制花型进行喷印；
（3）60℃-90℃低温烘干；
（4）天然染料染液配制：提取的染液80g/L，加盐酸调节pH至5；
染料是从中药苏木提取，提取方法：
苏木8重量份, 氢氧化钠 2重量份,水100重量份,在苏木中加入水，再加入氢氧化钠，浸泡一段时间后，通过煮沸30min后过滤，制成80g/L的苏木提取液；
（5）将烘干的印花织物放入染液中染色，染色温度80-90℃，染色时间10-30min；
（6）染色织物放入后处理液中，处理温度30-50℃， 处理时间10-20 min，后处理剂浓度2-10g/L，pH6-10；
（7）取出，超声波洗涤，超声功率60-100W，频率40-80Hz，温度50℃，时间5-20min；
所述后处理剂为硫酸亚铁、硫酸铜或草木灰。
2.一种权利要求1所述的工艺简单、轮廓特征明显的无版多套色印花织物的制备方法，其特征是：采用天然染料的多套色印花方法制成，所述天然染料的多套色印花方法依次包括下列步骤：
（1）低温等离子前处理：功率5-10千瓦，车速5-10米/分钟，气氛：空气；
（2）织物进行碱性蛋白浆印花：印花浆的组成：石灰，豆粉，水，比例1：3-4：5-6；印花浆均匀调和，通过数码印花喷头，由电脑控制花型进行喷印；
（3）60℃-90℃低温烘干；
（4）天然染料染液配制：提取的染液80g/L，加盐酸调节pH至5；
染料是从中药苏木提取，提取方法：
苏木8重量份, 氢氧化钠 2重量份,水100重量份,在苏木中加入水，再加入氢氧化钠，浸泡一段时间后，通过煮沸30min后过滤，制成80g/L的苏木提取液；
（5）将烘干的印花织物放入染液中染色，染色温度80-90℃，染色时间10-30min；
（6）染色织物放入后处理液中，处理温度30-50℃， 处理时间10-20 min，后处理剂浓度2-10g/L，pH6-10；
（7）取出，超声波洗涤，超声功率60-100W，频率40-80Hz，温度50℃，时间5-20min；
所述后处理剂为硫酸亚铁、硫酸铜或草木灰。
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