CN108793950A - 低烧成温度、低放射性通体超白仿古砖、坯体及其制备方法 - Google Patents
低烧成温度、低放射性通体超白仿古砖、坯体及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108793950A CN108793950A CN201810619282.1A CN201810619282A CN108793950A CN 108793950 A CN108793950 A CN 108793950A CN 201810619282 A CN201810619282 A CN 201810619282A CN 108793950 A CN108793950 A CN 108793950A
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- imitation tiles
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Abstract
本发明的低烧成温度、低放射性通体超白仿古砖、坯体及其制备方法,包括坯体、底釉和面釉。本发明在不对现有仿古砖生产工艺作出重大的改变的基础上,重点对生产原料进行精选、对坯体的配方组成进行调整与优化以及对烧成工艺的调整与优化等,使制得的仿古砖产品具有低放射性、低烧成温度、高白度等特点,具有良好的装饰效果;同时该技术具备较强的普适性,易于在行业内推广。本发明还涉及用于制备低烧成温度、低放射性通体超白仿古砖的坯体及其制备方法。
Description
技术领域:
本发明涉及釉面砖的制备技术领域,尤其涉及一种低烧成温度、低放射性通体超白仿古砖、坯体及其制备方法。
背景技术:
随着瓷砖装饰技术的发展,瓷质仿古砖近几年在国内外市场风行起来。仿古砖蕴藏的文化、历史内涵和丰富的装饰手法使其成为欧美市场的瓷砖主流产品,在国内也得到了迅速的发展。仿古砖的应用范围广,现已发展为墙地一体化瓷砖,其创新设计和创新技术赋予仿古砖更高的市场价值和生命力。
仿古砖通常指的是有釉装饰砖,釉以亚光的为主,色调则以黄色、咖啡色、暗红色、土色、灰色、灰黑色等为主。但在我国,以灰暗色调为主流色之外,白色一直受到国人的青睐,认为高白度的瓷砖产品更加能够提高装饰空间的美感和档次。特别是某些高档瓷砖,对底坯的白度要求越高越好,因为底坯的白度对于色料的发色、3D喷墨打印墨水的发色相当重要,白度越高,其发色越艳丽,更能满足顾客需求。目前市场上的仿古砖产品外观的特点就是坯体白度低,然后在坯体顶层施加高白度的釉层,这是因为作为生产仿古砖的矿物原料普遍含有相当量铁、钛成分,虽然在瓷砖生产过程中有着严格的除铁、除钛流程,但仍然无法从根本上提高砖体的白度。为提高瓷砖白度,部分企业会在瓷砖配方中引入硅酸锆。但硅酸锆具有一定的放射性,对人体健康存在威胁。纯度较高的硅酸锆内外照射指数在6-20之间。以锆英石矿物为例,它是岩浆早期结晶的副矿物之一,由于抗风化力强,常沉积富集而成矿砂产出,伴生矿物为独居石、石英、铁钛矿等,其杂质成分有Fe、Hf、Th、U、Ti等。纯的锆英矿物(ZrSiO4)并没有放射性,锆(Zr)、硅(Si)都不是放射性核素,但与锆砂共生的独居石矿物中含有放射性核素(232Th、238U、40K);独居石是稀土和钍、铀等的磷酸盐(La、Ce、Th、U、Ra)PO4,由于世界各地的成矿条件和地质结构的差异以及选矿水平的高低,使得锆英石精矿中的放射性也不同
此外,瓷砖作为一种建筑装饰材料,成为人们改善居室的首选。但是陶瓷产品或多或少都具有放射性,其中的放射性核素主要来源两个方面:一是原料本身含有天然放射性核素;二是加工过程导致放射性核素富集。陶瓷砖是由粘土、高岭土、钾钠长石等各种矿物原料按照一定的配比经过粉碎、球磨、造粒、压制成形和烧成等制造工艺而形成的。因此,陶瓷砖放射性的存在主要取决于各种矿物原料的放射性元素的分布、用量、材料性质等,虽然建筑陶瓷的烧成温度大多在1100℃至1300℃,但并不能消除这些物质的放射性。
除了提高砖体白度、减少放射性之外,绿色生产技术如降低瓷砖的烧成温度也是企业关注的问题。建筑陶瓷是我国能源消耗大户,节能减排、低碳环保是陶瓷行业永远的追求,技术节能蕴含着广阔的空间。仿古砖一般采用辊道窑一次快速烧成技术,其烧成温度一般在1230℃左右,烧成周期为50~70min,在保证产品烧成周期和性能指标不变的前提下,降低烧成温度50℃左右,是目前一项技术难度很高的课题。一旦研发成功再产业化推广,至少可降低烧成能耗10%以上,节省大量能源,也大大减少了NOX、CO2等废气的排放,其经济和社会效益十分显著,是当前陶瓷行业可持续发展的重要技术需求和动力。现有技术中,对仿古砖的制备工艺的调整很难突破1180℃,这主要是因为降温容易,但保证仿古砖的生产性能和质量很难,主要存在以下问题:(1)为了降低烧成温度,陶瓷配方中粘土类原料的加入量少,使得生坯的强度不够,容易坯体破裂的情况;(2)为了降低烧成温度,缩短烧成周期,配方中引入大量的熔剂类原料,使得制品在烧成时容易产生变形等缺陷,严重时可能引起卡窑事故;(3)引入大量的熔剂类原料,使得制品中低黏玻璃相的强度低,在烧成冷却时,由于内应力的作用很容易产生惊裂;(4)制品中大量玻璃相的存在大大增加了陶瓷砖的脆性,降低了陶瓷砖的抗热震性和强度;(5)钾钠长石等低温原料较贵,一般用于面料或釉料中,在坯料中大量引入这类原料将大大增加配方成本,这对于以盈利为目标的企业是难以接受的;(6)引入的低温熔剂料多,使陶瓷砖的烧成温度范围变窄,不利于稳定生产;(7)配方中钾、钠含量高,产品的抗化学腐蚀性能差。因此,为实现超低温快速烧成技术,获得性能合格的仿古砖产品,除了采用单纯的增加助熔性原料,似乎应该跳出局限,另辟蹊径。
发明内容:
本发明的目的在于克服上述普通仿古砖制备中的缺点,提供一种低烧成温度、低放射性通体超白仿古砖、坯体及其制备方法,在不对现有仿古砖生产工艺作出重大的改变的基础上,重点对生产原料进行精选、对坯体的配方组成进行调整与优化以及对烧成工艺的调整与优化等,使制得的仿古砖产品具有低放射性、低烧成温度、高白度等特点,具有良好的装饰效果;同时该技术具备较强的普适性,易于在行业内推广。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明通过以下技术方案实现:
本发明的一种低烧成温度、低放射性通体超白仿古砖,其包括坯体、底釉和面釉,其中:
坯体:按以下重量百分比组分配制:
SiO2 65.0%~68.0%,Al2O3 18.0%~21.0%,Fe2O3 0.1~0.6%,TiO2 0.05~0.2%,CaO 1.5%~3.0%,MgO 0.5%~1.5%,K2O 2.5%~3.5%,Na2O 2.5%~3.5%,烧失量3.0~5.0%,所有的组分之和为100%;
底釉:底釉的施釉量为0.3~0.5㎏/㎡,所述的施釉量为含水浆重,底釉比重为1.85-2.0;
面釉:面釉的施釉量为0.2~0.3㎏/㎡,所述的施釉量为含水浆重,面釉比重为1.4-1.45;
辊道窑烧成的最高烧成温度范围为1175℃~1185℃,烧成时间为70~80分钟。
本发明的低烧成温度、低放射性通体超白仿古砖的进一步优化为:
其中所述的坯体原料按以下重量百分比制备:
球土18%--22%,高岭土5%--8%,膨润土3%--5%,氧化铝粉3%--8%,硅砂15%--20%,硅灰石3%--5%,滑石3%--6%,长石40%--50%,所有的组分之和为100%。
本发明还涉及一种低烧成温度、低放射性通体超白仿古砖的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:坯体的制备、底釉的制备、面釉的制备以及产品的制备及烧成,
其中:
坯体的制备:
坯体:按以下重量百分比组分配制:
SiO2 65.0%~68.0%,Al2O3 18.0%~21.0%,Fe2O3 0.1~0.6%,TiO2 0.05~0.2%,CaO 1.5%~3.0%,MgO 0.5%~1.5%,K2O 2.5%~3.5%,Na2O 2.5%~3.5%,烧失量3.0~5.0%,所有的组分之和为100%;
按坯体重量百分比组分,将含坯体组分粒度均小于10目的原料:球土、高岭土、膨润土、氧化铝粉、硅砂、硅灰石、滑石以及长石,按照坯体重量百分比组分范围配料,加入适量的水经球磨细碎成细度为250目筛的筛余为质量百分比0.6%~0.8%且含质量百分比为34%~37%水分的浆料,经除铁过筛喷雾干燥制成含质量百分比为6%~7%水分的粉料,在440~480公斤/厘米2压力范围下用自动液压机成型,再经过抛坯、干燥窑干燥即得坯体;
其中:
产品的制备及烧成:
根据前面所述的坯体的制备方法制备得到的坯体,先施底釉,底釉的施釉量为0.3~0.5㎏/㎡,所述的施釉量为含水浆重,底釉比重为1.85-2.0;再经过印花,然后施面釉,面釉的施釉量为0.2~0.3㎏/㎡,所述的施釉量为含水浆重,面釉比重为1.4-1.45;进入辊道窑烧成,最高烧成温度范围为1175℃~1185℃,烧成时间为70~80分钟,然后经过磨边、分级工序,即制成成品。
其中底釉和面釉的制备可以采用常用的仿古砖或其他釉面砖的组分配比进行配料,经球磨、过筛除铁等通用方法、通用参数及工艺进行制备。
本发明的低烧成温度、低放射性通体超白仿古砖的制备方法的进一步优化为:
其中所述的坯体原料按以下重量百分比制备:
球土18%--22%,高岭土5%--8%,膨润土3%--5%,氧化铝粉3%--8%,硅砂15%--20%,硅灰石3%--5%,滑石3%--6%,长石40%--50%,所有的组分之和为100%。
本发明还涉及一种用于制备低烧成温度、低放射性通体超白仿古砖的坯体,
其中坯体:按以下重量百分比组分配制:
SiO2 65.0%~68.0%,Al2O3 18.0%~21.0%,Fe2O3 0.1~0.6%,TiO2 0.05~0.2%,CaO 1.5%~3.0%,MgO 0.5%~1.5%,K2O 2.5%~3.5%,Na2O 2.5%~3.5%,烧失量3.0~5.0%,所有的组分之和为100%;
本发明的用于制备低烧成温度、低放射性通体超白仿古砖的坯体的进一步优化为:其中所述的坯体原料按以下重量百分比制备:
球土18%--22%,高岭土5%--8%,膨润土3%--5%,氧化铝粉3%--8%,硅砂15%--20%,硅灰石3%--5%,滑石3%--6%,长石40%--50%,所有的组分之和为100%。
本发明还涉及一种用于制备低烧成温度、低放射性通体超白仿古砖的坯体的制备方法,其中:
坯体的制备:
坯体:按以下重量百分比组分配制:
SiO2 65.0%~68.0%,Al2O3 18.0%~21.0%,Fe2O3 0.1~0.6%,TiO2 0.05~0.2%,CaO 1.5%~3.0%,MgO 0.5%~1.5%,K2O 2.5%~3.5%,Na2O 2.5%~3.5%,烧失量3.0~5.0%,所有的组分之和为100%;
按坯体重量百分比组分,将含坯体组分粒度均小于10目的原料:球土、高岭土、膨润土、氧化铝粉、硅砂、硅灰石、滑石以及长石,按照坯体重量百分比组分范围配料,加入适量的水经球磨细碎成细度为250目筛的筛余为质量百分比0.6%~0.8%且含质量百分比为34%~37%水分的浆料,经除铁过筛喷雾干燥制成含质量百分比为6%~7%水分的粉料,在440~480公斤/厘米2压力范围下用自动液压机成型,再经过抛坯、干燥窑干燥即得坯体。
本发明的用于制备低烧成温度、低放射性通体超白仿古砖的坯体的制备方法的进一步优化为,其中所述的坯体原料按以下重量百分比制备:
球土18%--22%,高岭土5%--8%,膨润土3%--5%,氧化铝粉3%--8%,硅砂15%--20%,硅灰石3%--5%,滑石3%--6%,长石40%--50%,所有的组分之和为100%。
本发明通过优化仿古砖配方及制备工艺,开发出了低放射性通体超白仿古砖,使仿古砖同时具有优良的超白性能、低放射性、低温烧成、干坯强度较高等性能。
目前市场上流行的仿古砖产品表面白度值很高,其原因是砖体表面的釉层白度值高,但其仿古砖坯体白度值却很低,两者产生的强烈对比显得产品档次较低,难登大雅之堂。而仿古砖坯体白度较低的原因是配方中的黑泥的铁钛含量较高导致的。
本发明改变传统仿古砖泥、砂、石配方体系,放弃锆英石增白方式,选用低铁钛含量的球土完全替代黑泥,同时选用硅砂等原料进行配料,并引入纯的氧化铝粉来解决配方中的Al2O3含量的偏低问题,还引入少量膨润土来调整坯体的工艺性能,在零硅酸锆加入量的基础上,成功研发出坯体白度值高达62.8的仿古砖,同时还降低了仿古砖产品的放射性。
此外,本发明通过对组成坯体的各种原料进行测试分析优选,并进行配方设计及工艺参数的优化,采用放射性较低的球土、高岭土、硅砂、长石、硅灰石、滑石、膨润土、工业氧化铝等为主要原料,制备出低放射性的仿古砖产品,且以上材料分布广泛、易于获得。
为了响应国家节能减排的政策、低碳环保的号召,同时降低企业生产成本、提升企业的核心竞争力,降低瓷砖的烧成温度是最为行之有效的解决途径,但这也是最难的解决途径。因为只需适当增加生产成本,选用高品质的原料即可降低瓷砖的放射性和提高坯体白度。但降低瓷砖的烧成温度涉及到复杂的物理化学变化,并不是简单的增加成本就能解决的。
一般而言,根据R2O—Al2O3—SiO2三元相图,为了降低瓷砖的烧成温度,增加配方当中的钾长石或者钠长石的含量,能够在一定范围内降低配方的烧成温度。但是钾钠长石加入量存在一个范围,超过这个范围,随着钾钠长石加入量的增加会导致陶瓷脆性增大、抗热震性能降低,产品坯体强度降低,破裂严重等情况的出现。
因此在本发明的技术方案中,利用双碱效应,引入多元碱,实现仿古砖的低温烧成:
目前,仿古砖的烧成温度大都在1230℃左右,如此高的烧成温度带来生产成本高和高能耗、高废气排放等环境问题。为响应国家节能减排的号召,同时为提高企业的竞争力,本项目在R2O—Al2O3—SiO2三元配方系统的基础上,增加为R2O—Al2O3—SiO2—RO四元配方系统。通过配方调试,成功实现在1175℃—1185℃烧成陶瓷仿古砖,比传统仿古砖配方烧成温度降低50℃以上。
本发明采用两种方案双管齐下:
1、配方中引入硅灰石和滑石;以此增加配方当中的氧化镁和氧化钙的成分,将R2O—Al2O3—SiO2三元配方结构改变成R2O—Al2O3—SiO2—RO四元配方结构。
2、适当调整配方中球土的含量,增加纯度较高的硅砂,同时引入工业氧化铝粉部分取代球土而引入Al2O3,解决配方中的Al2O3含量的偏低问题。采用以上两个方案,经过调试,本发明制备得到的仿古砖产品经1175℃—1185℃范围快烧,仿古砖产品平均吸水率为0.06%,单个样品吸水率最低为0.04%,最高不超过0.08%。至此,成功的将仿古砖的烧成温度降低至1175℃—1185℃范围,降温幅度超过50℃。
本发明通过精选原料实现了仿古砖的低放射性;球土替代黑泥实现仿古砖的高白度;通过配方优化实现了仿古砖的低温烧成。但是配方的干坯强度也对仿古砖的生产有着至关重要的作用。在瓷砖配方中,广东黑泥的主要作用之一就是是作为粘性原料使用,属成形的粘结剂。一般来说,黑泥中的有机质含量达到了17%左右,而球土中的有机质含量仅为12%。因此使用球土取代全部黑泥和部分高岭土的仿古砖虽然白度有所提升,但其干坯强度较差。为解决仿古砖白度和干坯强度的矛盾,本发明的坯体组分配方中加入一定量的膨润土,利用膨润土具有良好的湿压强度特点,成功解决高白仿古砖配方的可塑性较差和干坯强度较低的问题。
综上所述,通过本发明的坯体制备方法和仿古砖的制备方法制备得到的低烧成温度、低放射性通体超白仿古砖具有如下的显著性能:
(1)降低了仿古砖的放射性;
(2)提高了仿古砖的白度;
(3)降低了仿古砖的烧成温度;
(4)优化了仿古砖的工艺性能,提高了仿古砖配方的可塑性和干坯的强度。
本发明的低烧成温度、低放射性通体超白仿古砖、坯体及其制备方法还具有以下的特点:
a.选用的硅砂、硅灰石、滑石、膨润土、铝粉等材料都是极低放射性原材料,对控制产品的放射性非常有利。
b.以上材料的品味较好,且来源广泛,能保证产品白度的稳定性。
c.以上材料的多组分化合会产生低温共熔现象,易于低温快烧。
也正因为上面的特点,更需要对坯体的化学组成成分和配比、原材料的组成和配比,以及相应加工工艺过程有参数优化提出了更高的要求,区别于常规的解决问题的思路。
附图说明:
图1是本发明的低烧成温度、低放射性通体超白仿古砖的制备工艺流程图。
具体实施方式:
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
实施例1
一种低烧成温度、低放射性通体超白仿古砖的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:坯体的制备、底釉的制备、面釉的制备以及产品的制备及烧成,其中:
坯体的制备:
坯体的化学组成成份如下表1:
表1、坯体的化学组成成分表(重量百分比,%)
组份 | SiO2 | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | TiO2 | CaO | MgO | K2O | Na2O | 烧失量 |
1# | 66.7 | 18.5 | 0.47 | 0.09 | 2.8 | 0.99 | 3.3 | 3.16 | 3.99 |
2# | 67 | 18 | 0.43 | 0.12 | 2.12 | 1.23 | 3.5 | 3.27 | 4.33 |
3# | 66.4 | 20.4 | 0.25 | 0.05 | 2.15 | 1.01 | 3.23 | 3.13 | 3.38 |
4# | 65 | 21 | 0.6 | 0.05 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 2.85 | 3.5 | 5 |
5# | 68 | 19.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 3 | 1.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 3 |
按坯体重量百分比组分,将含坯体组分粒度均小于10目的原料:球土、高岭土、膨润土、氧化铝粉、硅砂、硅灰石、滑石以及长石,按照坯体重量百分比组分范围配料,加入适量的水经球磨细碎成细度为250目筛的筛余为质量百分比0.6%~0.8%且含质量百分比为34%~37%水分的浆料,经除铁过筛喷雾干燥制成含质量百分比为6%~7%水分的粉料,在440~480公斤/厘米2压力范围下用自动液压机成型,再经过抛坯、干燥窑干燥即得坯体;
其中:
产品的制备及烧成:
根据前面所述的坯体的制备方法制备得到的坯体,先施底釉,底釉的施釉量为0.3~0.5㎏/㎡,所述的施釉量为含水浆重,底釉比重为1.85-2.0;再经过印花,然后施面釉,面釉的施釉量为0.2~0.3㎏/㎡,所述的施釉量为含水浆重,面釉比重为1.4-1.45;进入辊道窑烧成,最高烧成温度范围为1175℃~1185℃,烧成时间为70~80分钟,然后经过磨边、分级工序,即制成成品。
其中底釉和面釉的制备可以采用常用的仿古砖或其他釉面砖的组分配比进行配料,经球磨、过筛除铁等通用方法、通用参数及工艺进行制备。
通过上述的操作,制得的仿古砖产品具有坯体白度值高(高达62.8),烧成温度低(降温幅度高达50℃)、放射性低(内照≤0.5、外照≤0.8),干坯强度高,可塑性好的特点。
本发明的低烧成温度、低放射性通体超白仿古砖的制备方法的进一步优化为:
其中所述的坯体原料按以下重量百分比制备,表2:
表2、坯体原料的配方组成成分表(重量百分比,%)
组份 | 球土 | 高岭土 | 膨润土 | 氧化铝粉 | 硅砂 | 硅灰石 | 滑石 | 长石 |
1# | 18 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 18 | 3 | 3 | 44 |
2# | 18 | 5 | 3 | 8 | 20 | 3 | 3 | 40 |
3# | 18 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 15 | 3 | 3 | 50 |
4# | 22 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 16 | 3 | 4 | 40 |
5# | 19 | 8 | 3 | 3 | 15 | 5 | 6 | 41 |
按照上述表2组分范围配料,加入适量的水经球磨细碎成细度为250目筛的筛余为质量百分比0.6%~0.8%且含质量百分比为34%~37%水分的浆料,经除铁过筛喷雾干燥制成含质量百分比为6%~7%水分的粉料,在440~480公斤/厘米2压力范围下用自动液压机成型,再经过抛坯、干燥窑干燥即得坯体。
通过放射性检测,可以了解某些陶瓷原材料的放射性水平。按照射类型划分,可以将放射性对人体的危害分为外照射和内照射两类,所以一般以内照射指数及外照射指数大小作为内照射和外照射污染源放射性污染的控制限量及陶瓷砖材料放射性污染的控制指标。
通过本发明的低烧成温度、低放射性通体超白仿古砖的制备方法制备得到的仿古砖产品具有坯体白度值高(高达62.8),烧成温度低(降温幅度高达50℃)、放射性低(内照≤0.5、外照≤0.8),干坯强度高,可塑性好的特点。产品断面用氢氟酸腐蚀后,再经微观结果分析可知,仿古砖产品中均匀分布着细小晶体,且产品烧结程度好,不存在针孔、熔洞等缺陷。优化的方法使制得的仿古砖产品更加完美和工艺更加稳定。
经检测产品各项指标如下表3。
表3:产品质量检验结果
白度测试:用WSD-3C型白度色差计测量本发明制备的仿古砖的坯体白度为大于或等于62.8。
综上所述,上述实施例仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制;凡本行业的普通技术人员均可按以上所述顺畅地实施本发明;但是凡熟悉本专业的技术人员在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内,可利用以上所揭示的技术内容而做出的些许变更、修饰与演变的等同变化,均为本发明的等效实施例;同时,凡依据本发明的实质技术对以上实施例所作的任何等同变化的变更、修饰与演变,均仍属于本发明的技术方案的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种低烧成温度、低放射性通体超白仿古砖,其包括坯体、底釉和面釉,其特征在于:
坯体:按以下重量百分比组分配制:
SiO2 65.0%~68.0%,Al2O3 18.0%~21.0%,Fe2O3 0.1~0.6%,TiO2 0.05~0.2%,CaO 1.5%~3.0%,MgO 0.5%~1.5%,K2O 2.5%~3.5%,Na2O 2.5%~3.5%,烧失量3.0~5.0%,所有的组分之和为100%;
底釉:底釉的施釉量为0.3~0.5㎏/㎡,所述的施釉量为含水浆重,底釉比重为1.85-2.0;
面釉:面釉的施釉量为0.2~0.3㎏/㎡,所述的施釉量为含水浆重,面釉比重为1.4-1.45;
辊道窑烧成的最高烧成温度范围为1175℃~1185℃,烧成时间为70~80分钟。
2.根据权利要求1所述的低烧成温度、低放射性通体超白仿古砖,其特征在于:
所述的坯体原料按以下重量百分比制备:
球土18%--22%,高岭土5%--8%,膨润土3%--5%,氧化铝粉3%--8%,硅砂15%--20%,硅灰石3%--5%,滑石3%--6%,长石40%--50%,所有的组分之和为100%。
3.一种权利要求1所述的低烧成温度、低放射性通体超白仿古砖的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:坯体的制备、底釉的制备、面釉的制备以及产品的制备及烧成,其特征在于:
其中:
坯体的制备:
按坯体重量百分比组分,将含坯体组分粒度均小于10目的原料:球土、高岭土、膨润土、氧化铝粉、硅砂、硅灰石、滑石以及长石,按照坯体重量百分比组分范围配料,加入适量的水经球磨细碎成细度为250目筛的筛余为质量百分比0.6%~0.8%且含质量百分比为34%~37%水分的浆料,经除铁过筛喷雾干燥制成含质量百分比为6%~7%水分的粉料,在440~480公斤/厘米2压力范围下用自动液压机成型,再经过抛坯、干燥窑干燥即得坯体;
其中:
产品的制备及烧成:
根据前面所述的坯体的制备方法制备得到的坯体,先施底釉,底釉的施釉量为0.3~0.5㎏/㎡,所述的施釉量为含水浆重,底釉比重为1.85-2.0;再经过印花,然后施面釉,面釉的施釉量为0.2~0.3㎏/㎡,所述的施釉量为含水浆重,面釉比重为1.4-1.45;进入辊道窑烧成,最高烧成温度范围为1175℃~1185℃,烧成时间为70~80分钟,然后经过磨边、分级工序,即制成成品。
4.根据权利要求3所述的低烧成温度、低放射性通体超白仿古砖的制备方法,其特征在于:
所述的坯体原料按以下重量百分比制备:
球土18%--22%,高岭土5%--8%,膨润土3%--5%,氧化铝粉3%--8%,硅砂15%--20%,硅灰石3%--5%,滑石3%--6%,长石40%--50%,所有的组分之和为100%。
5.一种用于制备权利要求1所述的低烧成温度、低放射性通体超白仿古砖的坯体,其特征在于:
按坯体重量百分比组分进行制备。
6.根据权利要求5所述的用于制备低烧成温度、低放射性通体超白仿古砖的坯体,其特征在于:
所述的坯体原料按以下重量百分比制备:
球土18%--22%,高岭土5%--8%,膨润土3%--5%,氧化铝粉3%--8%,硅砂15%--20%,硅灰石3%--5%,滑石3%--6%,长石40%--50%,所有的组分之和为100%。
7.一种权利要求5所述的用于制备低烧成温度、低放射性通体超白仿古砖的坯体的制备方法,其特征在于:
坯体的制备:
按坯体重量百分比组分,将含坯体组分粒度均小于10目的原料:球土、高岭土、膨润土、氧化铝粉、硅砂、硅灰石、滑石以及长石,按照坯体重量百分比组分范围配料,加入适量的水经球磨细碎成细度为250目筛的筛余为质量百分比0.6%~0.8%且含质量百分比为34%~37%水分的浆料,经除铁过筛喷雾干燥制成含质量百分比为6%~7%水分的粉料,在440~480公斤/厘米2压力范围下用自动液压机成型,再经过抛坯、干燥窑干燥即得坯体。
8.根据权利要求7所述的用于制备低烧成温度、低放射性通体超白仿古砖的坯体的制备方法,其特征在于:
所述的坯体原料按以下重量百分比制备:
球土18%--22%,高岭土5%--8%,膨润土3%--5%,氧化铝粉3%--8%,硅砂15%--20%,硅灰石3%--5%,滑石3%--6%,长石40%--50%,所有的组分之和为100%。
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