CN108760408B - Two-stage cloud and mist water collector based on impact and cyclone cutting and collecting method - Google Patents
Two-stage cloud and mist water collector based on impact and cyclone cutting and collecting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108760408B CN108760408B CN201810982862.7A CN201810982862A CN108760408B CN 108760408 B CN108760408 B CN 108760408B CN 201810982862 A CN201810982862 A CN 201810982862A CN 108760408 B CN108760408 B CN 108760408B
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003897 fog Substances 0.000 description 39
- 239000003738 black carbon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003665 fog water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009924 canning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 particulate matters Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/2273—Atmospheric sampling
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/2202—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling
- G01N1/2208—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling with impactors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/2202—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling
- G01N1/2211—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling with cyclones
Abstract
The invention relates to a two-stage cloud mist water collector based on impact and cyclone cutting and a collecting method, comprising an impact type sampling head and a cyclone cutting sampling head, wherein the impact type sampling head comprises the collecting head and an impact device, the bottom of the collecting head is provided with a nozzle, the impact device comprises an impact section and an air outlet pipe, the impact section and the air outlet pipe are integrally connected and communicated, a plurality of impact pipes are distributed in the impact section, the nozzle is inserted into the impact section and is in sealing connection with the impact section, a large-particle-diameter mist storage pipe is outwards arranged on the side wall of the air outlet pipe in an extending manner and is connected with a large-particle-diameter mist storage bottle, and the bottom of the air outlet pipe is connected and communicated with the cyclone cutting sampling head. The collector can effectively collect fine particles and mist drops with different particle diameters in two stages, realize the separation and simultaneous sampling of mist and atmosphere, eliminate the influence of soluble gaseous pollutants on a mist and water sample, and achieve the purpose of sampling the gaseous pollutants in two stages.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a two-stage cloud and mist water collector based on impact and cyclone cutting and a collection method, and belongs to the technical field of environmental protection equipment.
Background
Cloud is a complex system consisting of atmosphere, clouding nuclei (aerosols), liquid or solid water, and generally refers to a weather phenomenon when small water droplets or small ice crystals are suspended in the atmosphere to reduce the horizontal visibility below 1 km. When the relative humidity of the air is more than 100%, and the temperature suddenly decreases, water vapor in the air is easy to condense into small water drops or sublimate into small ice crystals, so that cloud and fog appear. With the promotion of urban development and the rapid development of industry in China, a great deal of emission of artificial source (such as industrial production, motor vehicle tail gas, heating and coal burning in winter and the like) pollutants and secondary conversion thereof are provided, more cloud condensation nuclei are provided, the formation of cloud mist is influenced, the chemical components and the acidity and alkalinity of the cloud mist are changed, and particularly, the acidification of precipitation is caused, and the ecological environment is further influenced and even destroyed. Under the background, a cloud and mist water sample needs to be collected, the particle size distribution, the liquid water content, the chemical composition and the change rule of the cloud and mist water are deeply researched, the interaction among gaseous pollutants, particulate matters, cloud and precipitation is researched, and scientific support is provided for relieving atmospheric pollution and reducing the influence of climate and ecological environment.
Currently, there are single-stage or multi-stage mist water samplers that use teflon ropes or teflon rods to trap mist droplets, thereby collecting mist water samples. However, the existing mist sampler needs a separate sampling device and an air extracting device, cannot separate fine particles in the mist, is difficult to eliminate the influence of soluble gaseous pollutants on a mist water sample, and cannot sample the gaseous pollutants in a grading manner.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the two-stage cloud mist water collector based on impact and cyclone cutting and the collecting method, and the collector is used for collecting or measuring particulate matters and collecting mist drops with large and small particle diameters at the same time, can separate fine particulate matters in cloud mist, eliminates the influence of soluble gaseous pollutants on a cloud mist water sample, and achieves the purpose of sampling the gaseous pollutants in two stages.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a two-stage cloud fog water collector based on striking and whirlwind cutting, including can dismantle the striking sampling head and whirlwind cutting sampling head that link together and be linked together, the striking sampling head is including gathering head and impactor, the bottom of gathering the head is provided with the nozzle, the impactor includes striking section and outlet duct, striking section and outlet duct integrated into one piece are connected and communicate with each other, in striking section distributed have a plurality of striking pipes, the nozzle inserts in the striking section and with striking section sealing connection, outwards extend on the lateral wall of outlet duct and be provided with big particle diameter fog drop storage tube, big particle diameter fog drop storage bottle is connected to big particle diameter fog drop storage tube, the bottom of outlet duct is connected and communicates with each other with whirlwind cutting sampling head.
According to the invention, the large-particle-size mist storage pipe is preferably detachably connected with the large-particle-size mist storage bottle.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the collection head includes a collection head housing and a collection tube positioned within the collection head housing, the collection tube being in communication with the nozzle.
According to the invention, 3-5 impact pipes which are communicated up and down are distributed in the impact section.
According to the invention, the impact type sampling head is a PM13 impact type cutting head, and the nozzle size is larger than that of the existing PM10 impact type cutting head.
According to the invention, preferably, the side wall of the cyclone cutting sampling head is provided with a small-particle-diameter fog drop collecting port, the small-particle-diameter fog drop collecting port is in sealing connection with a small-particle-diameter fog drop storage bottle through an aluminum alloy joint, and the small-particle-diameter fog drops after cyclone separation enter the small-particle-diameter fog drop storage bottle through the small-particle-diameter fog drop collecting port.
According to the invention, the small-particle-size mist droplet storage bottle is a Teflon bottle, and a sealing gasket is arranged between the small-particle-size mist droplet storage bottle and the aluminum alloy joint.
According to the invention, the cyclone cutting sampling head is preferably PM2.5 cyclone cutting sampling head.
According to the present invention, the large-particle-diameter mist droplet storage bottle and the small-particle-diameter mist droplet storage bottle have a capacity of 100 to 300ml, respectively.
According to the invention, the air outlet pipe of the impact type sampling head is connected with the inlet of the cyclone cutting sampling head.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the tube diameter of the sampling tube of the impact sampling head is 1.581cm.
The method for collecting the cloud and mist water by using the two-stage cloud and mist water collector comprises the following steps:
1) The two-stage cloud and mist water collector is arranged outdoors, and the outlet of the cyclone cutting sampling head of the two-stage cloud and mist water collector is connected with the atmosphere measuring instrument through a sampling tube;
2) The collecting head of the impact type sampling head is used for collecting cloud fog, the cloud fog enters the impact device through the collecting head and the nozzle of the collecting head, enters the air outlet pipe through the impact pipe in the impact device, and the fog drops with the particle size of more than 13 mu m enter the large-particle-size fog drop storage bottle, and the fog drops with the particle size of less than 13 mu m enter the cyclone cutting sampling head through the air outlet pipe;
3) The cyclone cutting sampling head adopts PM2.5 cyclone cutting sampling head, mist drops with the particle size smaller than 13 mu m and larger than 2.5 mu m enter a small-particle-size mist drop storage bottle through the separation of the cyclone cutting sampling head, and the separated gas enters an atmosphere measuring instrument through an outlet of the cyclone cutting sampling head.
According to the invention, the flow meter is preferably arranged on the atmosphere measuring instrument, and the flow rate of the sample air passing through the two-stage cloud water collector depends on the flow rate of the atmosphere measuring instrument.
According to the invention, the atmosphere measuring instrument is preferably an existing conventional atmosphere measuring instrument and can be a black carbon instrument.
The PM13 collision type cutting head is determined according to the particle size spectrum (particle size distribution curve) of cloud mist droplets.
According to the particle size distribution of cloud and mist droplets, the cutting particle size of the impact type sampling head is determined to be 13 mu m, and meanwhile mist droplets with particle sizes larger than 13 mu m are collected, and mist droplets with particle sizes between 2.5 mu m and 13 mu m are collected by the cyclone cutting sampling head. The pipe diameter of the aluminum alloy joint is larger than that of the joint at the joint of the aluminum alloy joint and the PM2.5 cyclone cutting sampling head, so that collected fog water can smoothly flow into the storage bottle. The aperture of the PM13 impingement cutter head nozzle was calculated as follows:
the formula is:
wherein, is the square root of Stokes number; w is the diameter of the nozzle; η is the air viscosity; l is the length of the nozzle; c is a Canning correction factor; PP is particle mass density; q is the sample gas flow.
When the nozzle length is unchanged, the nozzle diameter W2 of the sampling head is calculated when the cutting particle diameter is 13 μm according to the nozzle diameter W1 and the nozzle length L1 of the cutting particle diameter of 10 μm without changing the nozzle length of the sampling head. The effectiveness of the collector for collecting mist drops with large and small particle sizes is verified in the Mount Taishan atmosphere observation experiment in the early stage, and the verification method is as follows: the PM2.5 sampling cutting head of the black carbon instrument is replaced by the two-stage fog collector in cloud weather, when the cloud disappears, a certain amount of effective fog samples are respectively obtained in the large-particle-size fog droplet storage bottle and the small-particle-size fog droplet storage bottle, and meanwhile, the collector is found to have no influence on sampling and measurement of particulate matters by comparing the front and rear black carbon data. The above experiments fully demonstrate that the two-stage mist collector can be used to collect or measure fine particulate matter while collecting mist droplets of large and small particle sizes.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the collector can effectively collect fine particles and mist drops with different particle diameters in large and small stages, realize separation and simultaneous sampling of mist and atmosphere, is simple and convenient to operate, and improves the working efficiency.
2. The collector can separate fine particles in the cloud, eliminates the influence of the soluble gaseous pollutants on a cloud water sample, and achieves the purpose of sampling the gaseous pollutants in two stages.
3. The collector of the invention collects or measures particles and simultaneously collects mist drops with large and small particle diameters, and the two-stage mist water collector is directly connected with an atmospheric particle measuring instrument, and a sampling device and an air extracting device are not required to be provided separately.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a two-stage cloud and mist water collector based on impact and cyclone cutting;
1, an impact type sampling head; 2. a nozzle; 3. large particle size fog drop storage glass bottle; 4. cyclone cutting sampling head; 5. a small-particle-diameter droplet storage bottle; 6. the device comprises an aluminum alloy connector 7, a collecting head 8, an impact section 9, an air outlet pipe 10, an impact pipe 11 and an outlet.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated, but not limited, by the following examples and figures of the specification.
The cyclone cutting sampling head is improved by the prior cyclone cutter, the cyclone separated by the prior cyclone cutter directly enters an outlet, a small-particle-diameter fog drop collecting port is formed in the side wall of the cyclone cutting sampling head, the small-particle-diameter fog drop collecting port is communicated with a pipeline after cyclone separation, the small-particle-diameter fog drop collecting port is in sealing connection with a small-particle-diameter fog drop storage bottle through an aluminum alloy connector, and small-particle-diameter fog drops after cyclone separation enter the small-particle-diameter fog drop storage bottle through the small-particle-diameter fog drop collecting port. The existing cyclone cutter is URG-2000-30EN of U.S. URG company, and the cutting particle size is 2.5 μm at the flow rate of 10L/min.
Existing PM10 impact cutting heads are conventional commercial products.
Example 1
The utility model provides a two-stage cloud fog water collector based on striking and whirlwind cutting, the structure is as shown in figure 1, including striking sampling head 1 and whirlwind cutting sampling head 4 that link together and be linked together can be dismantled, striking sampling head 1 includes collection head 7 and striker, the bottom of collection head 7 is provided with nozzle 2, collection head 7 includes collection head casing and the collection pipe that is located collection head casing, collection pipe and nozzle 2 intercommunication, the striker includes striking section 8 and outlet duct 9, striking section 8 and outlet duct 9 integrated into one piece are connected and communicate with each other, 3 striking pipes 10 that communicate from top to bottom are distributed in striking section 8, nozzle 2 inserts in striking section 8 and with striking section sealing connection, outwards extend on the lateral wall of outlet duct 9 and be provided with big particle diameter droplet storage tube, big particle diameter droplet storage bottle 3 is connected to big particle diameter droplet storage tube can be dismantled, the bottom of outlet duct 9 is connected and communicates with each other with the entry of whirlwind cutting sampling head 4.
The impact type sampling head 1 is a PM13 impact type cutting head, and the nozzle size is larger than that of the existing PM10 impact type cutting head.
The side wall of the cyclone cutting sampling head 4 is provided with a small-particle-size fog drop collecting port, the small-particle-size fog drop collecting port is in sealing connection with a small-particle-size fog drop storage bottle 5 through an aluminum alloy connector, small-particle-size fog drops after cyclone separation enter the small-particle-size fog drop storage bottle through the small-particle-size fog drop collecting port, and the cyclone cutting sampling head is a PM2.5 cyclone cutting sampling head.
Example 2
The two-stage cloud water collector based on impact and cyclone cutting described in example 1 is different in that;
the large-particle-size mist storage bottle and the small-particle-size mist storage bottle have the capacity of 200ml respectively.
Example 3
The two-stage cloud water collector based on impact and cyclone cutting described in example 1 is different in that;
the large-particle-size mist droplet storage bottle and the small-particle-size mist droplet storage bottle have the capacity of 300ml respectively.
Example 4
The two-stage cloud water collector based on impact and cyclone cutting described in example 1 is different in that;
the tube diameter of the sampling tube of the impact sampling head is 1.581cm.
Example 5
The two-stage cloud water collector based on impact and cyclone cutting described in example 1 is different in that;
the small-particle-size mist droplet storage bottle is a Teflon bottle, and a sealing gasket is arranged between the small-particle-size mist droplet storage bottle and the aluminum alloy joint.
Example 6
The two-stage cloud water collector based on impact and cyclone cutting described in example 1 is different in that;
the small-particle-size fog drop storage bottle is detachably connected with the aluminum alloy joint.
Example 7
The method for collecting the cloud water by using the two-stage cloud water collector of the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
1) The two-stage cloud and mist water collector is arranged outdoors, and the outlet of the cyclone cutting sampling head of the two-stage cloud and mist water collector is connected with the atmosphere measuring instrument through a sampling tube;
2) The collecting head of the impact type sampling head is used for collecting cloud fog, the cloud fog enters the impact device through the collecting head and the nozzle of the collecting head, enters the air outlet pipe through the impact pipe in the impact device, and the fog drops with the particle size of more than 13 mu m enter the large-particle-size fog drop storage bottle, and the fog drops with the particle size of less than 13 mu m enter the cyclone cutting sampling head through the air outlet pipe;
3) The cyclone cutting sampling head adopts PM2.5 cyclone cutting sampling head, mist drops with the particle size smaller than 13 mu m and larger than 2.5 mu m enter a small-particle-size mist drop storage bottle through the separation of the cyclone cutting sampling head, and the separated gas enters an atmosphere measuring instrument through an outlet of the cyclone cutting sampling head.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a two-stage cloud water collector based on striking and whirlwind cutting, including can dismantle the striking sampling head and whirlwind cutting sampling head that link together and be linked together, the striking sampling head includes collection head and striker, the bottom of collection head is provided with the nozzle, the striker includes striking section and outlet duct, striking section and outlet duct integrated into one piece connect and communicate with each other, in striking section distributed with a plurality of striking pipes, the nozzle inserts in the striking section and with striking section sealing connection, outwards extend on the lateral wall of outlet duct and be provided with big particle diameter droplet storage tube, big particle diameter droplet storage bottle is connected to big particle diameter droplet storage tube, the bottom of outlet duct is connected and communicates with each other with whirlwind cutting sampling head;
the large-particle-size mist storage tube is detachably connected with the large-particle-size mist storage bottle, the collecting head comprises a collecting head shell and a collecting tube positioned in the collecting head shell, and the collecting tube is communicated with the nozzle; 3-5 impact pipes which are communicated up and down are distributed in the impact section; the impact type sampling head is a PM13 impact type cutting head, and the nozzle size is larger than that of the existing PM10 impact type cutting head; the side wall of the cyclone cutting sampling head is provided with a small-particle-diameter fog drop collecting port, the small-particle-diameter fog drop collecting port is in sealing connection with a small-particle-diameter fog drop storage bottle through an aluminum alloy connector, and the small-particle-diameter fog drops after cyclone separation enter the small-particle-diameter fog drop storage bottle through the small-particle-diameter fog drop collecting port; the capacities of the large-grain-size fog drop storage bottles and the small-grain-size fog drop storage bottles are respectively 100-300 ml; the outlet pipe of the impact sampling head is connected with the inlet of the cyclone cutting sampling head, and the pipe diameter of the sampling pipe of the impact sampling head is 1.581cm.
2. The two-stage cloud water collector based on impact and cyclone cutting according to claim 1, wherein the small-particle-size mist storage bottle is a teflon bottle, and a sealing gasket is arranged between the small-particle-size mist storage bottle and an aluminum alloy joint.
3. The two-stage cloud water collector based on impingement and cyclone cutting of claim 1, wherein the cyclone cutting sampling head is a PM2.5 cyclone cutting sampling head.
4. A method for collecting cloud water using the two-stage cloud water collector of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
1) The two-stage cloud and mist water collector is arranged outdoors, and the outlet of the cyclone cutting sampling head of the two-stage cloud and mist water collector is connected with the atmosphere measuring instrument through a sampling tube;
2) The collecting head of the impact type sampling head is used for collecting cloud fog, the cloud fog enters the impact device through the collecting head and the nozzle of the collecting head, enters the air outlet pipe through the impact pipe in the impact device, and the fog drops with the particle size of more than 13 mu m enter the large-particle-size fog drop storage bottle, and the fog drops with the particle size of less than 13 mu m enter the cyclone cutting sampling head through the air outlet pipe;
3) The cyclone cutting sampling head adopts PM2.5 cyclone cutting sampling head, mist drops with the particle size smaller than 13 mu m and larger than 2.5 mu m enter a small-particle-size mist drop storage bottle through the separation of the cyclone cutting sampling head, and the separated gas enters an atmosphere measuring instrument through an outlet of the cyclone cutting sampling head.
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| CN112683600A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-20 | 山东大学 | Full-automatic fog sampler based on sensor control and application method thereof |
| CN115479808B (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2024-01-30 | 山东大学 | Particle size collection method of multistage cloud and mist water collector |
| CN114689373B (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-09-09 | 潍坊爱普环保设备有限公司 | Intelligent cloud sampler |
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