CN201637649U - Measuring instrument for atmospheric particulate matter - Google Patents

Measuring instrument for atmospheric particulate matter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN201637649U
CN201637649U CN2010201601309U CN201020160130U CN201637649U CN 201637649 U CN201637649 U CN 201637649U CN 2010201601309 U CN2010201601309 U CN 2010201601309U CN 201020160130 U CN201020160130 U CN 201020160130U CN 201637649 U CN201637649 U CN 201637649U
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oscillating tube
measuring instrument
particle
accommodating body
tube
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李虹杰
李金平
陈建新
张培生
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Wuhan Tianhong Instruments Co Ltd
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Wuhan Tianhong Instruments Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a measuring instrument for atmospheric particulate matters, comprising a particulate matter cutting and dispersing part for collecting gas, a mass detecting part for determining the mass and concentration of the collected particulate matters, at least two flow detecting and controlling parts for controlling the flow of the sampling gas, and a sampling pump, wherein the particulate matter cutting and dispersing part is connected with the mass detecting part; the mass detecting part is connected with the sampling pump by one flow detecting and controlling part; and the particulate matter cutting and dispersing part is directly connected with the sampling pump by the other flow detecting and controlling part. By the particulate matter measuring instrument, the concentration of the particulate matter in the atmosphere can be automatically monitored and precisely detected, and the effect of low cost can be realized simultaneously.

Description

The Atmospheric particulates measuring instrument
Technical field
The relevant a kind of Atmospheric particulates measuring instrument of the utility model refers in particular to the Atmospheric particulates measuring instrument that a kind of energy on-line continuous is gathered the particle in the atmospheric environment and accurately measured particle concentration.
Background technology
Airborne overall suspended pellet TSP (Total Suspended Particulate) is meant the general name that swims in airborne solid-state and liquid particles thing, and its particle size range is about 0.1-100 μ m.Usually the particle of kinetic diameter below 10 μ m called PM 10(Particles with Diameters of 10um or less) is called pellet or floating dust again, and they are can be at the medium-term and long-term suspended particulates that float of atmosphere.Especially for the dynamics particle diameter at 5 μ m with the internal respiration particle (as PM 5, PM 2.5And PM 1), because little can directly the suction in the respiratory tract of particle diameter works the mischief, especially the dynamics particle diameter 2.5 μ m with interior fine particle in, plumbous (Pb), manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), nickel (Ni), sulfate, palycyclic aromatic equal size are higher, in air, hold and stay the time long, easily pollutant is taken to far place pollution range is enlarged.Pellet also can be chemical reaction reaction bed is provided in atmosphere, be the key object of studying in the aerosol chemistry, has been decided to be an important indicator of air quality monitoring.Airborne particle also has scattering sunlight, reduces the visibility of atmosphere etc. the deleterious effect of environment.
Pellet can be accumulated in the respiratory system after being sucked by the people, causes numerous disease.Exposure to coarseparticulate can be encroached on respiratory system, brings out asthma.Fine particle possibility cardiac trigger disease, tuberculosis, breathing problem reduce pulmonary function etc.Therefore, for old man, children with suffered from responsive crowds such as cardiopulmonary patient, risk is bigger.In addition, the particle in the surrounding air still reduces the main cause of visibility, and can damage building surface.
The measuring method of at present most widely used particle concentration is for measuring with the β source and adopting LASER Light Source to measure.Method measurement range with β source and LASER Light Source is limited, and measuring accuracy is not high, and because the restriction of β source and LASER Light Source, the reliability that the type instrument works long hours is not high, and is difficult in maintenance.Method for monitoring and analyzing to particle also has the weighing measurement method, it is mass method, the concentration of overall suspended pellet is shown with the milligram numerical table of overall suspended pellet in every cubic metres of air, gather the particle of known volume near 100% filter membrane at sampling efficiency with standard high capacity particle sampling thief, under the constant temperature and humidity condition, the mass change of sampling film is determined the particle quality that collects again divided by sampling volume, to obtain the mass concentration of particle before and after the weighing sampling.Accuracy, the accuracy and reliability of the method for weighing measurement are fine, but what generally use at present is to utilize that electronic balance is manual weighs, labor intensive not only, and have manual error, and can not realize the robotization and the real-time of particle concentration monitoring.And present analytical instrument and the equipment price costliness that the monitoring of Atmospheric particulates is adopted, popularity rate is lower.Therefore, the monitoring method of research Atmospheric particulates, development high sensitivity, easy and simple to handle, the economical and practical and atmosphere particulate monitoring instrument that is easy to safeguard, development Atmospheric particulates online auto monitoring technology has great importance in the atmosphere environment supervision research field.
The utility model content
In view of this, fundamental purpose of the present utility model be to provide a kind of can be to accurate online auto monitoring of Atmospheric particulates and the low Atmospheric particulates measuring instrument of cost.
For achieving the above object, the utility model provides a kind of Atmospheric particulates measuring instrument, it includes in order to gather the particle cutting splitter section of gas, in order to the definite particle quality of being gathered and the quality testing part of concentration, at least two-way is controlled the flow detection and the control section of sample gas flow, and sampling pump, particle cutting splitter section partly is connected with quality testing, quality testing part is connected to sampling pump by wherein one tunnel flow detection and control section, and particle cuts splitter section and also is connected directly to sampling pump by all the other road flow detection and control section.
The flow adapter that particle cutting splitter section includes the particle cutter, is connected with the particle cutter reach be connected with the particle cutter except that water bottle.
Flow adapter bottom is provided with one and detects gas port and at least one distributes gas port, wherein detect gas port and be connected to the quality testing part, quality testing partly connects wherein one tunnel flow detection and control section, distributes gas port and is connected to all the other road flow detection and control sections.
Quality testing partly includes oscillating tube, film holder, makes oscillating tube produce the oscillating tube driver of vibration, the position detector and the metal works of detection oscillating tube present position when vibration, oscillating tube is embedded in the metal works, the film holder is arranged at the top of oscillating tube, be provided with the diaphragm that is used for the collecting granules thing in the film holder, oscillating tube driver and position detector are arranged at the both sides of metal works respectively, the inner and upper of metal works and the chimeric metal tube that has a sample gas to flow through, this metal tube is connected with the gas port that detects of flow adapter.
Oscillating tube top is symmetrically arranged with two magnets, and these two magnets are different over against the polarity of oscillating tube.
Metal works includes and articulates lid and the accommodating body that connects, the accommodating body bosom is formed with containing cavity, oscillating tube is fixed in the containing cavity of accommodating body, the top of accommodating body is formed with the shrinkage pool that is communicated with containing cavity, the top of oscillating tube protrudes in the shrinkage pool, film props up and places in the shrinkage pool, and metal tube is over against the film holder.
The both sides of accommodating body respectively are formed with the mounting hole that is respectively applied for installation oscillating tube driver and position detector over against the magnet place of oscillating tube.
The outside of lid and accommodating body is provided with well heater and insulation material, and the inside of lid and accommodating body is equipped with Temperature Detector, and metal tube has the insulation material parcel, and metal tube also is provided with Temperature Detector and well heater.
Flow detection and control section are provided with and filter and the flow detection controller.
The bottom of lid is formed with at least one recess, and the corresponding described recess in the top of accommodating body place is provided with the metal stake of the film holder that is used for fixing preheating.
Atmospheric particulates measuring instrument in the utility model, can realize the quality of in real time automatic weighing particle, and accurately detect the effect of particle concentration, Atmospheric particulates measuring instrument of the present utility model is safe in utilization radiationless, long-time running is reliable and stable, and cost is low.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the systematic schematic diagram of the utility model Atmospheric particulates measuring instrument;
Fig. 2 is the schematic perspective view of oscillating tube of the present utility model;
Fig. 3 is the schematic perspective view that accommodating body and lid decompose in the metal works of the present utility model;
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of the front view after oscillating tube in the utility model and the metal works assembling;
Fig. 5 is the partial cross section figure of the left view after oscillating tube in the utility model and the metal works assembling;
Fig. 6 is the vertical view after oscillating tube in the utility model and the metal works assembling.
Embodiment
For ease of the effect of understanding structure of the present utility model and reaching, existing conjunction with figs. and preferred embodiment are described in detail as follows.
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model Atmospheric particulates measuring instrument includes in order to the particle cutting splitter section 1 of gathering gas, in order to the quality testing part 2 of definite particle quality of being gathered and concentration, two-way is controlled the flow detection and the control section 3 of sample gas flow at least, and sampling pump 4.Particle cutting splitter section 1 is connected with quality testing part 2, quality testing part 2 is connected to sampling pump 4 by wherein one tunnel flow detection and control section 3, and particle cutting splitter section 1 is connected directly to sampling pump 4 by all the other road flow detection and control section 3.
The flow adapter 11 that particle cutting splitter section 1 includes particle cutter 10, is connected with particle cutter 10 reach be connected with particle cutter 10 except that water bottle 12.Sampling pump 4 can provide circulation power to the gas of being gathered, make the atmosphere that contains particle enter particle cutter 10, because the particle size difference of the particle in the atmosphere, big size particles thing in particle cutter 10 by filtering, the atmosphere that contains the particle that will detect to some extent enters flow adapter 11, flow adapter 11 bottoms are provided with one and detect gas port 110 and at least one distributes gas port 111, wherein detect gas port 110 and be connected to quality testing part 2, distribute gas port 111 and be connected to wherein at least one road flow detection and control section 3.If contain moisture in the atmosphere of being gathered, then can be by removing water bottle 12 with the moisture removal in the gas.The gas port 111 that distributes in the utility model is one, and flow detection and control section 3 are two-way.
To shown in Figure 6, quality testing part 2 includes oscillating tube 20, film holder 21, oscillating tube driver 22, position detector 23 and metal works as Fig. 4.Oscillating tube 20 is embedded in the metal works, film holder 21 is arranged at the top of oscillating tube 20, be provided with the diaphragm (not shown) in the film holder 21, diaphragm is used for collecting the particle of the gas of being gathered, oscillating tube driver 22 and position detector 23 are respectively applied for and oscillating tube 20 is vibrated and detect oscillating tube 20 residing position when vibrating, oscillating tube driver 22 and position detector 23 are arranged at the both sides of metal works respectively, the inner and upper of metal works and the chimeric metal tube 24 that has a sample gas to flow through, this metal tube 24 is connected with the gas port 110 that detects of flow adapter 11.As shown in Figure 2, oscillating tube 20 in the utility model is one to have the cone-shaped glass or the quartz ampoule of two blocks of magnetic materials, be symmetrically arranged with two magnets 200 on oscillating tube 20 tops, and different over against the polarity of oscillating tube 200, oscillating tube 200 is fixed on the cup dolly 201.Extremely shown in Figure 6 as Fig. 3, metal works in the utility model includes interconnective lid 25 and accommodating body 26, lid 25 is the inclined-plane with accommodating body 26 contacted one sides, lid 25 is provided with fixed block 256 with the homonymy of accommodating body 26, two fixed blocks 256 articulate and connect, therefore be to articulate to be connected between lid 25 and the accommodating body 26, more fastening when making lid 25 and accommodating body 26 fastenings by being connected in spring between lid 25 and the accommodating body 26, but and make them form the integral body of folding.Accommodating body 26 bosoms are formed with containing cavity 260, the cup dolly 201 of oscillating tube 20 bottoms is fixed in the bottom of accommodating body 26 by screw rod, and oscillating tube 20 is fixed in the containing cavity 260 of accommodating body 26, the place, inclined-plane, top of accommodating body 26 is formed with the shrinkage pool 261 that is communicated with containing cavity 260, after oscillating tube 20 is placed in containing cavity 260, the top of oscillating tube 20 protrudes in the shrinkage pool 261, and film holder 21 is arranged at the top of oscillating tube 20 and is positioned in the shrinkage pool 261.The both sides of accommodating body 26 respectively are formed with mounting hole 262 over against magnet 200 places of oscillating tube 20, are respectively applied for oscillating tube driver 22 and position detector 23 are installed.The inside of lid 25 is formed with the through hole 250 that runs through over against shrinkage pool 261 places of accommodating body 26, and metal tube 24 is installed in the through hole 250 and exposes to lid 25, and promptly metal tube 24 is over against film holder 21.Lid 25 is provided with well heater (not shown) and insulation material with the outside of accommodating body 26, lid 25 is equipped with the Temperature Detector (not shown) with the inside of accommodating body 26, respectively lid 25 and accommodating body 26 is heated and detect the temperature of air-flow.The part that metal tube 24 exposes to lid 25 has the insulation material parcel, and is provided with Temperature Detector and with the well heater (not shown) it is carried out temperature and control.Accommodating body 26 and lid 25 clampings on it are formed a complete airtight cavity by the O-ring seal in the middle of being located at together when operate as normal.
The bottom of the lid 25 in the utility model also can be formed with at least one recess 251, and top corresponding recess 251 places of accommodating body 26 are provided with metal stake 263, are used for fixing the film holder 21 of preheating.
Each road flow detection in the utility model and control section 3 are provided with and filter and flow detection controller 30, when containing the gas of particle because of collection, only needing that a part of gas is wherein carried out particle detects, therefore sample gas enters quality testing part 2 by the gas port 110 that detects of flow adapter 11, enter the road flow detection and the control section 3 that are connected with quality testing part 2 again, most of gas of being gathered then directly enters all the other road flow detection and control section 3 by the gas port 111 that distributes of flow adapter 11, according to the actual requirements, control by filtering, so that required sample gas is carried out the particle concentration analysis with 30 pairs of gas flows of flow detection controller.
Sample gas after 10 cuttings of particle cutter, enters flow adapter 11,11 pairs of airflow diversions of flow adapter with constant flow (16.7L/min) as shown in Figure 1: one road air-flow arrives sampling pump 4 with flow detection controller 30 after filtration; Another road is earlier by after 50 ℃ of metal tube 24 preheatings, enter the lid 25 in the metal works of heating, lid 25 makes gas flow temperature constant in 50 ℃, air-flow continues down to filter by film holder 21, film holder 21 is assembled particle and is adsorbed on the diaphragm, arrives aspiration pump 4 by oscillating tube 20, filtration and flow detection controller 30 at last.
When particle measuring instrument of the present utility model is worked, the electric field that under the effect of oscillating tube driver 22, changes, the magnet on oscillating tube 20 tops drives oscillating tube 20 and produces vibration under the effect of electric field force, draw the oscillation frequency of oscillating tube 20 according to position detector 23, by microprocessor the frequency signal of oscillating tube 20 is carried out digital processing, be converted into quality, frequency quality operational formula is as follows:
Figure GSA00000065409500061
Wherein m is a quality, the g of unit; K is a correction coefficient; F is a survey frequency, the Hz of unit;
The particle concentration computing formula is as follows:
Figure GSA00000065409500062
Wherein C is a particle concentration, the mg/m3 of unit; Δ m is the mass incremental in the unit interval, the mg of unit; V is the gas production volume in the unit interval, the m of unit 3
Along with increasing of the particle of assembling on the diaphragm, the oscillation frequency of oscillating tube 20 also changes, can draw the mass change of particle according to the frequency change of oscillating tube 20, and then particle mass change (being Δ m) and gas production volume draw the concentration of particle in the atmosphere.
Oscillating tube driver 22 in the utility model, position detector 23 and Temperature Detector are the commercially available prod, are not described further at this.
The utility model is owing to take above technical scheme, it has following disturbing a little: 1, the utility model is by using the oscillating tube quality of weighing particle in real time in isoperibol, resolution and remolding sensitivity prior art are higher, real-time is better, realized automatic weighing fully, and safety is radiationless, does not have the decay situation, and long-time running is reliable and stable.2, the utility model carries out high-precision constant current control by using to filter with the flow detection controller to flow, has reduced the drift problem of flow to greatest extent.3, the utility model carries out digital processing by microprocessor with the frequency signal of oscillating tube, is converted into quality, carries out computing with data on flows again, finally obtains atmosphere particle concentration, has realized the function of unattended robotization.4, the utility model is by using such scheme, owing to reduced the manually-operated link, the logistics demand is low, has reduced operating cost.5, the utility model owing to use oscillating tube to replace expensive electronic balance, has reduced instrument cost by using such scheme.
The above is preferred embodiment of the present utility model only, is not to be used to limit protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. Atmospheric particulates measuring instrument, it is characterized in that, it includes in order to gather the particle cutting splitter section of gas, in order to the definite particle quality of being gathered and the quality testing part of concentration, at least two-way is controlled the flow detection and the control section of sample gas flow, and sampling pump, described particle cutting splitter section partly is connected with described quality testing, described quality testing part is connected to described sampling pump by wherein one tunnel described flow detection and control section, and described particle cuts splitter section and also is connected directly to described sampling pump by described flow detection in all the other roads and control section.
2. Atmospheric particulates measuring instrument as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the flow adapter that described particle cutting splitter section includes the particle cutter, is connected with described particle cutter reach be connected with described particle cutter except that water bottle.
3. Atmospheric particulates measuring instrument as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described flow adapter bottom is provided with one and detects gas port and at least one distributes gas port, the wherein said gas port that detects is connected to described quality testing part, described quality testing partly connects wherein one tunnel described flow detection and control section, and the described gas port that distributes is connected to described all the other road flow detection and control sections.
4. Atmospheric particulates measuring instrument as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described quality testing partly includes oscillating tube, the film holder, make described oscillating tube produce the oscillating tube driver of vibration, detect the position detector and the metal works of described oscillating tube present position when vibration, described oscillating tube is embedded in the described metal works, described film holder is arranged at the top of described oscillating tube, be provided with the diaphragm that is used for the collecting granules thing in the described film holder, described oscillating tube driver and described position detector are arranged at the both sides of described metal works respectively, the inner and upper of metal works and the chimeric metal tube that has a sample gas to flow through, this metal tube is connected with the gas port that detects of described flow adapter.
5. Atmospheric particulates measuring instrument as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, described oscillating tube top is symmetrically arranged with two magnets, and these two magnets are different over against the polarity of described oscillating tube.
6. Atmospheric particulates measuring instrument as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described metal works includes and articulates lid and the accommodating body that connects, described accommodating body bosom is formed with containing cavity, described oscillating tube is fixed in the containing cavity of described accommodating body, and the top of described accommodating body is formed with the shrinkage pool that is communicated with described containing cavity, and the top of described oscillating tube protrudes in the described shrinkage pool, described film props up and places in the described shrinkage pool, and described metal tube is over against described film holder.
7. Atmospheric particulates measuring instrument as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the both sides of described accommodating body respectively are formed with the mounting hole that is respectively applied for described oscillating tube driver of installation and described position detector over against the magnet place of described oscillating tube.
8. Atmospheric particulates measuring instrument as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the outside of described lid and described accommodating body is provided with well heater and insulation material, the inside of described lid and described accommodating body is equipped with Temperature Detector, described metal tube has the insulation material parcel, and described metal tube also is provided with Temperature Detector and well heater.
9. Atmospheric particulates measuring instrument as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described flow detection and control section are provided with and filter and the flow detection controller.
10. Atmospheric particulates measuring instrument as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that the bottom of described lid is formed with at least one recess, and the corresponding described recess in the top of described accommodating body place is provided with the metal stake of the described film holder that is used for fixing preheating.
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CN102661889A (en) * 2012-04-27 2012-09-12 上海大学 Method for separating magnetic heavy metal elements from atmospheric particulates
CN102706780A (en) * 2012-06-14 2012-10-03 苏州苏净仪器自控设备有限公司 Instrument for monitoring small particulate matters in air
CN102818905A (en) * 2012-09-11 2012-12-12 河北先河环保科技股份有限公司 Automatic two-channel atmospheric particulate monitoring device
CN102818746A (en) * 2012-08-07 2012-12-12 中国环境科学研究院 Method for detecting density of particles with different particle sizes
CN103091134A (en) * 2013-01-09 2013-05-08 北京工业大学 Dilution sampling system and sampling method of fixed source particles and volatile organic compounds
CN103278356A (en) * 2013-06-13 2013-09-04 国家海洋局第三海洋研究所 Ocean atmospheric particulate sampling device and sampling method thereof
CN103759988A (en) * 2014-01-16 2014-04-30 深圳市华测检测技术股份有限公司 Atmospheric particulate collection device
CN103776714A (en) * 2014-01-16 2014-05-07 深圳市华测检测技术股份有限公司 Integrated monitoring system for atmospheric particulates
CN104111215A (en) * 2014-06-04 2014-10-22 武汉市天虹仪表有限责任公司 Oscillation balance-based fine particle continuous-monitoring device
CN104330113A (en) * 2014-11-12 2015-02-04 上海市环境监测技术装备有限公司 Environmental multi-parameter online acquiring monitoring device
CN104390875A (en) * 2013-12-31 2015-03-04 北京至感科技有限公司 Portable detector with modified PM2.5 cutting head
CN104390899A (en) * 2013-11-18 2015-03-04 北京至感科技有限公司 Portable PM2.5 detector
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CN103091134A (en) * 2013-01-09 2013-05-08 北京工业大学 Dilution sampling system and sampling method of fixed source particles and volatile organic compounds
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CN107702950A (en) * 2017-08-31 2018-02-16 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇九研究所 A kind of iodine sampler and its method of work
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