CN108757027B - Multifunctional drainage system in tunnel - Google Patents
Multifunctional drainage system in tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN108757027B CN108757027B CN201810504163.1A CN201810504163A CN108757027B CN 108757027 B CN108757027 B CN 108757027B CN 201810504163 A CN201810504163 A CN 201810504163A CN 108757027 B CN108757027 B CN 108757027B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017105 transposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011269 treatment regimen Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
- E21F16/02—Drainage of tunnels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
A multifunctional drainage system in a tunnel is used for realizing separate drainage of a clean water source and a polluted water source, reducing the probability of pipeline blockage, protecting the environment and being beneficial to reducing the construction and maintenance cost of the tunnel. And a separated drainage channel formed by a low-position deep-buried longitudinal buried pipe, a groove-type plate groove and a concave well is arranged in the inverted arch concrete filling layer above the inverted arch section of the secondary lining structure. The concave wells are longitudinally arranged at intervals along the central line of the tunnel, the grooved plate grooves for discharging sewage in the holes longitudinally span and are embedded into the middle part of the concave well, and U-shaped inner cavities are formed in the concave wells. The low-position deep buried longitudinal blind pipes are positioned at the two lateral sides of the groove-shaped plate ditch and are in butt joint with ports on the longitudinal side walls of the concave well, the U-shaped inner cavity is communicated with the low-position deep buried longitudinal blind pipes at the two sides, the longitudinal blind pipes are communicated with the U-shaped inner cavity through steep slope transverse blind pipes, underground water outside the holes is converged in the U-shaped inner cavity, and the underground water is discharged outwards through the deep buried longitudinal blind pipes.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to tunnel engineering such as highway, railway, track traffic and the like in civil engineering, in particular to a multifunctional drainage system in a tunnel.
Background
At present, tunnel groundwater treatment principles generally adopt different treatment strategies according to the environment where the tunnel is located, groundwater sensitivity, stratum lithology and other conditions. In order to dredge and prevent water accumulation at the back of the lining, water leakage in a hole is avoided, hydrostatic pressure is reduced, the ground water level at the bottom of a tunnel is reduced, ground water at the back of the lining of the tunnel is easy to drain, and the water seepage pressure and water seepage quantity of the lining are reduced; for the common deep-buried and medium-water pressure section, a principle of 'blocking is mainly used and limited discharge' is adopted; for the deep buried high water pressure section, a drainage system is arranged for pressure relief; the underground water is introduced into the tunnel and discharged out of the tunnel through a drainage facility in the tunnel.
The tunnel engineering water environment can be divided into water in a hole and water outside the hole according to the source of water. The water outside the tunnel is generally ground water, which is a natural water source outside the tunnel, and is generally clean and uncontaminated after being precipitated and filtered by the stratum. The water in the tunnel is various water sources from the tunnel, and can be water leakage entering the tunnel through cracks, maintenance wastewater, cleaning water, fire-fighting water, rainwater (flood) flowing back into the tunnel through the tunnel opening, ice and snow melting water brought into the tunnel through vehicles and other water sources in all the tunnels; the water in the hole contacts the complex environment in the hole, is generally considered as dirty and can not be directly utilized.
The existing drainage system in the double-track railway tunnel consists of a side ditch, a central ditch, a lining back annular blind pipe (ditch), a longitudinal blind pipe (ditch), a transverse drain pipe, a drain hole and the like. The side ditch and the central ditch adopt concrete structures, and reinforced concrete cover plates are covered on the side ditches and the central ditch; the blind pipes (ditches) and the drain pipes are perforated corrugated pipes.
In order to uniform the water quantity of each ditch, the conventional drainage system in the double-track railway tunnel is provided with transverse connection mixed drainage, the lateral ditches are communicated with the center through transverse blind pipes, underground water outside the tunnel can be discharged into the center ditches through the longitudinal blind pipes and the transverse blind pipes, and the underground water is discharged outside the tunnel after being mixed.
The above-mentioned existing tunnel drainage system has the following problems:
1. the function is single, and only has the functions of sink and drain;
2. the environment is polluted, and clean underground water outside the hole is mixed with sewage in the hole for discharge;
3. the side ditch is easy to be blocked, once the side ditch is blocked, water accumulation and overflow in the tunnel are easy to be caused, and the operation is influenced; the maintenance is difficult, the traditional side ditch adopts a cover plate ditch, the cover plate is longitudinally pulled through, the quantity is large, the quality is heavy, the ditch dredging is difficult, and the cover plate is required to be opened and reset in a large quantity in maintenance operation;
4. the frost heaving disease is easy to occur in the alpine region, the traditional heat-insulating ditch needs to deepen the ditch, double-layer cover plates are arranged, heat-insulating materials are arranged between the cover plates, and the problems of high cost, difficult maintenance and the like exist;
5. the side ditches which are independently arranged consume more building materials.
6. The side channel arrangement takes up more space.
The above problems have long not been solved effectively in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to solve the technical problem of providing a multifunctional drainage system in a tunnel so as to realize separate discharge of a clean water source and a polluted water source, reduce the probability of pipeline blockage, protect the environment and be beneficial to reducing the construction and maintenance cost of the tunnel.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the application relates to a multifunctional drainage system in a tunnel, which comprises a longitudinal blind pipe, a circumferential blind pipe and a waterproof board, wherein the longitudinal blind pipe, the circumferential blind pipe and the waterproof board are arranged between an primary support structure and a secondary lining structure, the longitudinal blind pipe is longitudinally arranged along the tunnel, and the position of the longitudinal blind pipe is lower than that of a longitudinal construction joint of the secondary lining structure, and the multifunctional drainage system is characterized in that: a separated drainage channel formed by a low-position deep-buried longitudinal buried pipe, a groove-type plate groove and a concave well is arranged in the inverted arch concrete filling layer above the inverted arch section of the secondary lining structure; the concave wells are longitudinally arranged at intervals along the central line of the tunnel, a groove-type plate ditch for discharging sewage in the hole longitudinally spans and is embedded into the middle part of the concave well, and a U-shaped inner cavity is formed in the concave well; the low-level deep buried longitudinal blind pipes are positioned on two lateral sides of the groove-shaped plate ditch and are in butt joint with ports on the longitudinal side walls of the concave well, the U-shaped inner cavity is communicated with the low-level deep buried longitudinal blind pipes on the two sides, the longitudinal blind pipes are communicated with the U-shaped inner cavity through steep slope transverse blind pipes, underground water outside the holes is converged in the U-shaped inner cavity, and the underground water is discharged outwards through the low-level deep buried longitudinal blind pipes.
The application has the beneficial effects that the clean water source and the polluted water source are separately discharged, the water quality is purified, the pipeline blockage probability is reduced, the energy dissipation drainage is avoided from scouring, and the technical problem which is not solved effectively for a long time is overcome; the construction process is simple, the application range is wide, the construction risk is small, the building materials are saved, the environment is protected, and meanwhile, the construction and maintenance cost is reduced.
Drawings
The specification includes four drawings as follows:
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a multifunctional drainage system in a tunnel according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between a prefabricated pit and a low-level deep buried longitudinal buried pipe and a grooved plate ditch in a multifunctional drainage system in a tunnel according to the present application.
The component names and corresponding labels are shown: the underground pipe comprises a low-level deep-buried longitudinal concealed pipe 1, a groove-type plate ditch 2, a cover plate 3, a transverse concealed pipe joint 4, a steep slope transverse concealed pipe 5, a cable groove 6, a functional groove 7, a longitudinal construction joint 8, a longitudinal blind pipe 9, a circumferential blind pipe 10, a waterproof plate 11, an initial supporting structure 12, a secondary lining structure 13, an inverted arch concrete filling layer 14, a side ditch 15, a concave well 16, a U-shaped inner cavity K, an impermeable light cover plate 17 and a filter screen 18.
Description of the embodiments
The application will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the multifunctional drainage system in a tunnel according to the present application includes a longitudinal blind pipe 9, a circumferential blind pipe 10 and a waterproof plate 11, which are disposed between an primary support structure 12 and a secondary lining structure 13, the longitudinal blind pipe 9 being disposed along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel at a position lower than a longitudinal construction joint 8 of the secondary lining structure 13. And a separated drainage channel consisting of the low-level deep-buried longitudinal concealed pipe 1, the grooved plate channel 2 and the concave well 16 is arranged in the inverted arch concrete filling layer 14 above the inverted arch section of the secondary lining structure 13. The concave wells 16 are longitudinally arranged at intervals along the central line of the tunnel, the groove-type plate grooves 2 for discharging sewage in the holes longitudinally span and are embedded into the concave wells 16, and U-shaped inner cavities K are formed in the concave wells 16; the low-level deep buried longitudinal concealed pipes 1 are positioned on two lateral sides of the groove-type plate ditch 2 and are in butt joint with ports on the longitudinal side walls of the concave wells 16, the U-shaped inner cavities K are communicated with the low-level deep buried longitudinal concealed pipes 1 on the two sides, the longitudinal blind pipes 9 are communicated with the U-shaped inner cavities K through abrupt slope transverse concealed pipes 5, underground water outside the holes is converged in the U-shaped inner cavities K, and the underground water is discharged outwards through the low-level deep buried longitudinal concealed pipes 1.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the separated drainage channel formed by the low-level deep buried longitudinal concealed pipes 1 on two sides, the groove-shaped plate ditch 2 and the concave well 16 replaces a side ditch in a traditional tunnel drainage system, sewage in the hole is drained out of the hole by the groove-shaped plate ditch 2, underground water outside the hole is converged by the concave well 16 and is discharged outwards by the low-level deep buried longitudinal concealed pipes 1, so that the separated drainage of a clean water source and a polluted water source is realized, the blockage probability of the pipeline is reduced, and the utilization of the clean water source for protecting the environment is facilitated.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the low-level deep buried longitudinal concealed pipe 1 is a reinforced concrete prefabricated member, or a pipe material with certain strength and durability such as a steel pipe, a nonmetal pipe and the like is adopted, and the section of the pipe material can be rectangular, circular, elliptic and the like. The arrangement position of the low-position deep buried longitudinal blind pipe 1 should be as low as possible, and a transverse water level difference is formed between the low-position deep buried longitudinal blind pipe and the longitudinal blind pipe 9, so that drainage is facilitated. Due to the deep burial in the inverted arch concrete filling layer 14, the water in the concealed pipe can be prevented from freezing by the thickness of the overlying concrete.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the grooved plate channel 2 and the concave well 16 are prefabricated reinforced concrete members or formed by pouring concrete in situ. The concave wells 16 are arranged at small intervals along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, water of the low-level deep buried longitudinal concealed pipe 1 can enter the U-shaped inner cavity K of the concave well, the groove-shaped plate ditch 2 spans the well, sewage in the hole and underground water in the hole cannot be mixed, and separated drainage is realized.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a filter screen 18 covering the butt joint port of the low-level deep buried longitudinal hidden pipe 1 is arranged on the longitudinal side wall of the concave well 16. The concave well 16 has a water purifying function, underground water in a hole is led into the concave well 16 for converging through the abrupt slope transverse concealed pipe 5, and after being precipitated, the underground water flows into the low-position deep buried longitudinal concealed pipes 1 on the two sides through the filtering net 18 in a filtering way, so that the deep buried longitudinal concealed pipes 1 cannot be blocked. And the device also has the anti-clogging function, if one side of the low-position deep-buried longitudinal concealed pipe 1 is blocked, water can enter the other side of the low-position deep-buried longitudinal concealed pipe 1 through the U-shaped inner cavity K, so that transposition discharge of the water is realized. For the tunnel on the steep slope, the concave well 16 is arranged by encryption, and the water drop energy dissipation is realized when the water flow of the low-position deep-buried longitudinal buried pipe 1 passes through the concave well 16.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the top of the trough-type plate ditch 2 is provided with a cover plate 3 covering the upper port of the trough-type plate ditch, the top of the concave well 16 is provided with an anti-seepage light cover plate 17 covering the ports on two sides of the U-type inner cavity K, and the upper surfaces of the cover plate 3 and the anti-seepage light cover plate 17 are flush with the surface of the inverted arch concrete filling layer 14. The anti-seepage light cover plate 17 can be prefabricated by adopting a prefabricated reinforced concrete hollow plate structure or adopting a novel light high-strength material which meets the functional requirements of strength, durability and the like. The top of the anti-seepage light cover plate 17 is provided with an opening hanging ring, and the edge is provided with sealant or adopts a wedge-shaped structure to realize the anti-seepage function. The hollow plate structure can prevent water in the groove-shaped plate ditch 2 from frost heaving. The cover plate 3 and the anti-seepage light cover plate 17 can be conveniently opened so as to facilitate maintenance personnel to dredge and dredge the low-level deep buried longitudinal concealed pipe 1, the steep slope transverse concealed pipe 5, the concave well 16 and the groove-type plate ditch 2.
Compared with the traditional tunnel drainage system, the application has the following advantages:
1. the environment is protected, and the separation and discharge of clean water and sewage are realized;
2. purifying water.
3. And (3) freezing prevention.
4. Is favorable for drainage. Compared with the traditional side ditch, the blind pipe is lower in position, a transverse high water head difference favorable for drainage is formed, two blind pipes can be communicated, and the blockage ponding probability is reduced.
5. And energy is dissipated.
6. Saving building materials. The masonry amount of the inverted arch concrete filling layer, the ditch and the side wall foundation is saved.
7. And the maintenance is easy.
The inventor has successfully applied the application to the design and construction of Iran-Cuhm-Islamic high-speed railway tunnel engineering. The Iran is drought for years, the water resource is extremely deficient, the protection and the utilization of the water resource are very important, and before the project starts, project owners put forward the requirement of respectively discharging the underground water in the tunnel and the water in the tunnel, so as to aim for protecting and utilizing the clean water source to the maximum extent. The application realizes the separated drainage requirement of the owners, protects the environment, saves building materials, reduces investment and has great popularization and application value.
The foregoing is illustrative of the principles of a multifunctional drainage system in tunnels of the present application and is not intended to limit the application to the specific constructions and applications shown and described, but rather to cover all possible modifications and equivalents that may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the application as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a multifunctional drainage system in tunnel, includes vertical blind pipe (9), hoop blind pipe (10) and waterproof board (11) that set up between primary support structure (12) and secondary lining structure (13), and vertical blind pipe (9) are along the vertical setting of tunnel, and the vertical construction joint (8) that the position is less than secondary lining structure (13), characterized by: a separated discharge channel consisting of a low-level deep buried longitudinal concealed pipe (1), a groove-type plate ditch (2) and a concave well (16) is arranged in the inverted arch concrete filling layer (14); the concave wells (16) are longitudinally arranged at intervals along the central line of the tunnel, the grooved plate grooves (2) for discharging sewage in the tunnel longitudinally span and are embedded into the middle part of the concave wells (16), and U-shaped inner cavities (K) are formed in the concave wells (16); the low-level deep-buried longitudinal blind pipes (1) are positioned at two transverse sides of the groove-shaped plate ditch (2) and are in butt joint with ports on the longitudinal side walls of the concave-shaped well (16), the U-shaped inner cavity (K) is communicated with the low-level deep-buried longitudinal blind pipes (1) at two sides, the longitudinal blind pipes (9) are communicated with the U-shaped inner cavity (K) through steep-slope transverse blind pipes (5), underground water outside the holes is converged in the U-shaped inner cavity (K), and the underground water is discharged outwards through the deep-buried longitudinal blind pipes (1).
2. A multi-functional drainage system in a tunnel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a filter screen (18) covering the butt joint port of the deep buried longitudinal concealed pipe (1) is arranged on the longitudinal side wall of the concave well (16).
3. A multifunctional drainage system in a tunnel as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the grooved plate ditch (2) and the concave well (16) are reinforced concrete prefabricated components or are formed by pouring concrete on site.
4. A multi-functional drainage system in a tunnel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the deep buried longitudinal concealed pipe (1) is a reinforced concrete prefabricated member or adopts pipes such as a steel pipe, a nonmetallic pipe and the like.
5. A multi-functional drainage system in a tunnel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the top of groove type board ditch (2) sets up apron (3) that cover its upper port, and concave well (16) top sets up the prevention of seepage light apron (17) that cover the upper port of U type inner chamber (K) both sides, and the upper surface of apron (3), prevention of seepage light apron (17) is parallel and level with the surface of invert concrete filling layer (14).
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CN108757027B true CN108757027B (en) | 2023-11-21 |
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CN111119995B (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2021-03-30 | 山东省交通规划设计院有限公司 | Dynamic monitoring and dredging drainage system and method for water pressure and flow velocity at back of tunnel lining |
CN111908646B (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2023-08-08 | 中交路桥建设有限公司 | Tunnel drainage pipeline flushing system and method capable of preventing blockage |
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CN114033488B (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2024-05-07 | 贵州大学 | Suspension bridge tunnel anchor drainage system |
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