CN108740293A - The method that microbial fermentation prepares Alfalfa feed - Google Patents
The method that microbial fermentation prepares Alfalfa feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN108740293A CN108740293A CN201810489940.XA CN201810489940A CN108740293A CN 108740293 A CN108740293 A CN 108740293A CN 201810489940 A CN201810489940 A CN 201810489940A CN 108740293 A CN108740293 A CN 108740293A
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- alfalfa
- liquid
- water
- feed
- microbial fermentation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods that microbial fermentation prepares Alfalfa feed, include the following steps：1), according to the liquid ratio of 1~5ml/g, nutrient salt solution is added in Alfalfa after being pulverized, sterilizes, then cools to room temperature under air-proof condition, obtain material liquid；2), according to the inoculum concentration of 4~16ml bacterium solutions/100g Alfalfas, it is 10 that spore concentration is added in material liquid6~107The aspergillus oryzae bacterium solution of a/mL is placed in fermented and cultured 3~10 days in 26~32 DEG C of constant-temperature shaking incubators；3), first the tunning obtained by step 2) is sterilized, then plus water carries 1 ± 0.5h in 95 ± 10 DEG C of water, and the solid-liquid ratio of Alfalfa and water in the step 1) is 1g/8~12ml；Water is carried gains to be separated by solid-liquid separation, after the residue drying, obtains Alfalfa feed.Method using the present invention can improve protein degree.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of fodder, more particularly to method that a kind of microbial fermentation prepares Alfalfa feed.
Background technology
Alfalfa (Classification system：LotuscorniculatusL), it is the common name of clover category (Medicago) plant, originates in
In Europe and America, Alfalfa be a kind of perennial flowering plant.Wherein foremost is alfalfa as herbage
(Medicago sativa), is animal feeding-stuff.
Clover as the maximum herbage of world's cultivated area, have yield height, drought resisting, cold-resistant, reproducibility by force, nutritive value
High, the advantages that palatability is good, be the important forage grass and feed of livestock and poultry.
Clover is known as the title of " King of Pasture ", and nutritive value is high, yield is high, reproducibility is strong, feeding value occupies various herbages
First of, it is the important forage grass and feed of livestock and poultry, especially has important role to the raising of the output of milk of milk cow and lactation rate.Cause
This, clover is of great significance to the development of animal husbandry especially milk industry.Contain abundant protein, mineral in alfalfa stem and leaf
Matter, multivitamin, trace element and carrotene, 20 alfalfa variety nutrient composition contents to different sources such as Geng Huazhu
It is measured, gross protein value is 15.43%~22.69%, and crude fat content is 1.44%~3.67%, and calcium content is
1.12%~3.24%, phosphorus content is 0.09%~0.36%.Every square metre of green forage yield of clover of growth 2~5 years is generally 3
~6kg, 0.75~1.2kg of hay yield；Clover reproducibility is very strong, and it is fast to cradle the rear speed of growth, can cradle 2~4 within general 1 year
Secondary, more persons can cradle 5~6 times；It is long to grow utilization periods, the clover service life up to 30 years, field cultivation utilization periods up to 7~10
Year.The Land use systems of clover are varied, can herd, the feeding of fresh grass blueness, ensiling, modulation hay, process grass meal, grass block, glutinous rice balls, grass
Particle develops feeding alfalfa leaf protein and is used for mixed feed or mixed fodder.Li Zhiqiang etc. is studies have shown that in dairy cow diet
Increase alfalfa hay amount can pole significantly improve the output of milk (P of milk cow<0.01).Li Zhanwu is studies have shown that compound with alfalfa
Grass particle, which substitutes fine fodder 2.5kg, can significantly improve milk production of cow (P<0.0.5), economic benefit is apparent.Hu Yong is reported, by clover
Grass meal is added in rabbit feed, can pole significantly improve the daily gain (P of rabbit<0.01) it, and increases economic efficiency.King's embryo victory etc. is ground
Study carefully and show to feed beaver rabbit using alfalfa meal particulate material, improves the speed of growth of rabbit, avoid the sense of disease of digestive system
Dye.Ma Jinyong reports that addition alfalfa meal 3%~5% replaces wheat bran in chicken feed, and chicken rate of fertilization 1.8%, hatching rate can be improved
Improve 2.1%.The researchs such as Zhang Chunmei think that addition alfalfa meal can improve the Yellow River carp production performance, flesh quality and economy
Benefit.
The preparation method alfalfa hay of current existing Alfalfa feed, alfalfa ensilage, alfalfa meal, Granulated alfalfa,
Alfalfa Block etc. can make the ruminant domestic animals such as ox, sheep that distension gas disease occur, and the domestic animals such as ox, sheep can be caused dead or milk production declines.
Application No. is 201610376988 patents of invention《A kind of broiler chicken fermentative feedstuff of microbe and preparation method thereof》,
Including 250-500 parts of corn flour, 150-200 parts of bean cake powder, 20-50 parts of fish meal, 30-80 parts of greenfeed, 50-90 parts of shrimp shell meal,
30-50 parts of mulberry leaf powder, 10-50 parts of wheat-middlings, 20-30 parts of Cottonseed Meal, 2-5 parts of salt, 2-5 parts of methionine, 1-3 parts of lysine, food
With 0.8-1.5 parts of 10-20 parts oily, 5-20 parts of calcium bicarbonate and microbial bacterial agent；Preparation method includes recovery, fermentation and mistake
Filter.There are defects of high cost, cumbersome for the technology.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of microbial fermentations improving protein degree to prepare clover
The method of careless feed.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of method that microbial fermentation prepares Alfalfa feed, packets
Include following steps：
1) it is molten that nutritive salt is added, according to the liquid ratio of 1~5ml/g (preferably 3ml/g), in Alfalfa after being pulverized
Liquid sterilizes under air-proof condition, then cools to room temperature, obtains material liquid；
2), according to the inoculum concentration of 4~16ml bacterium solutions/100g Alfalfas, it is 10 that spore concentration is added in material liquid6~107
The aspergillus oryzae bacterium solution of a/mL is placed in fermented and cultured 3~10 days in 26~32 DEG C of constant-temperature shaking incubators；
3), first the tunning obtained by step 2) is sterilized, then plus water puies forward 1 ± 0.5h, the step in 95 ± 10 DEG C of water
It is rapid 1) in Alfalfa and water solid-liquid ratio be 1g/8~12ml；
Water is carried gains to be separated by solid-liquid separation, after the residue drying, obtains Alfalfa feed.
Microbial fermentation as the present invention prepares the improvement of the method for Alfalfa feed, and the nutrient salt solution is：Claim
Take 0.9~1.1g KH2PO4, 2.3~2.7g NaCl, 0.4~0.6g MgSO4·7H2O, 0.9~1.1g (NH4)2SO4、0.4
~0.6gCaCl2, mixing is settled to 1L with water dissolution, adjust pH to 7.0 ± 0.2 (can by add the NaOH solution of 2g/L come
Adjust pH).
In above-mentioned steps, preferred version is to weigh 1g KH2PO4、2.5g NaCl、0.5g MgSO4·7H2O、1g(NH4)2SO4、0.5g CaCl2。
Microbial fermentation as the present invention prepares the further improvements in methods of Alfalfa feed, the system of aspergillus oryzae bacterium solution
Preparation Method is to follow the steps below successively：
1., actication of culture：
16.6g mould fluid nutrient mediums are weighed, distilled water or deionized water 1L are added, being heated with stirring to boiling makes mould liquid
Body culture medium is completely dissolved, and is sterilized (121 ± 2 DEG C of 20 ± 1min of high pressure sterilization), is obtained fluid nutrient medium；
Draw 0.2mL aspergillus oryzae liquid suspensions, be added in 50 ± 5mL fluid nutrient mediums, after sealing (with brown paper and
Gauze carries out sealing treatment to container) 3~4d is cultivated in 30 ± 1 DEG C of incubators；Thallus suspension liquid must be activated；
021070 mould liquid of Huankai Microbes Tech Co., Ltd., Guangdong's production for example can be selected in mould fluid nutrient medium
Body culture medium；
2., expand culture：
It draws (can be drawn with liquid-transfering gun) 1mL and activates thallus suspension liquid, be added into 50 ± 5mL fluid nutrient mediums, sealing
(sealing treatment is carried out to container with brown paper and gauze) afterwards and cultivate (incubation time is 3~4d) in 30 ± 1 DEG C of incubators, directly
It is 10 to spore concentration is obtained6~107The aspergillus oryzae bacterium solution of a/mL.
Microbial fermentation as the present invention prepares the further improvements in methods of Alfalfa feed, aspergillus oryzae BNCC
The number of strain library is 63501-2a19 aspergillus oryzae strains.
Microbial fermentation as the present invention prepares the further improvements in methods of Alfalfa feed：
The sterilizing of the step 1) and step 3) is 121 ± 2 DEG C of 20 ± 1min of high pressure sterilization；
Separation of solid and liquid in the step 3) is that Buchner funnel is filtered by vacuum or uses sock filtration；
Drying in the step 3) is to be dried to moisture content≤10% (quality %) at 75 ± 10 DEG C of air dry oven.
Microbial fermentation as the present invention prepares the further improvements in methods of Alfalfa feed：
The Alfalfa after crushing in the step 1) is to be broken to alfalfa meal to cross 50 mesh sieve.
The present invention is easy to operate, of low cost, causes cattle and sheep inflatable disease by improving the degree of hydrolysis of protein to reduce
Risk.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described further, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited in
This：
A kind of method that embodiment 1, microbial fermentation prepare Alfalfa feed, follows the steps below successively：
1) 50 mesh sieve can be crossed by, being first broken to alfalfa meal；
Then according to the liquid ratio of 3ml/g, Alfalfa and nutrient salt solution after above-mentioned crushing are added in a reservoir, it is close
Sterilized (121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min) after envelope vessel port, is then cooled to room temperature, is obtained material liquid；
The preparation method of the nutrient salt solution is：Weigh 1g KH2PO4、2.5g NaCl、0.5g MgSO4·7H2O、1g
(NH4)2SO4、0.5g CaCl2, mixing is settled to 1L with water dissolution, and by add the NaOH solution of 2g/L adjust pH to
7.0。
2) aspergillus oryzae bacterium solution, is prepared, the preparation method of aspergillus oryzae bacterium solution is to follow the steps below successively：
1., actication of culture：
16.6g mould fluid nutrient mediums are weighed, distilled water 1L are added, being heated with stirring to boil keeps mould fluid nutrient medium complete
Fully dissolved dispenses conical flask, sterilizes (121 DEG C of high pressure sterilization 20min), obtains fluid nutrient medium；
0.2mL aspergillus oryzae cells are drawn with liquid-transfering gun, are added in the conical flask equipped with 50mL fluid nutrient mediums, by conical flask
3d is cultivated in 30 DEG C of incubators after brown paper and gauze sealing；Thallus suspension liquid must be activated；
Mould fluid nutrient medium is 021070 mould fluid nutrient medium of Huankai Microbes Tech Co., Ltd., Guangdong's production；
Aspergillus oryzae cell is that the number of BNCC strain libraries is 63501-2a19 aspergillus oryzae strains.
3., expand culture：
1mL is drawn with liquid-transfering gun and activates thallus suspension liquid, is added in the conical flask equipped with 50mL fluid nutrient mediums, 30 DEG C of trainings
Culture in case (condition of culture is same as above, that is, will be cultivated in 30 DEG C of incubators after conical flask brown paper and gauze sealing) is supported, until
It is 10 to obtain spore concentration7The aspergillus oryzae bacterium solution of a/mL (incubation time is about 3~4d).
3), according to the inoculum concentration of 8ml bacterium solutions/100g Alfalfas, it is 10 that spore concentration is added in material liquid7A/mL's
Aspergillus oryzae bacterium solution is placed in fermented and cultured 5 days in 30 ± 1 DEG C of constant-temperature shaking incubators；
4), first the tunning obtained by step 3) is sterilized under conditions of sealed container port, and (121 DEG C sterilize
20min)；
Then plus water carries 1h in 95 ± 5 DEG C of water, and the solid-liquid ratio of Alfalfa and water in the step 1) is 1g/10ml；
Water is carried gains to be separated by solid-liquid separation and (sock filtration is filtered by vacuum or used using Buchner funnel), it is described residual
After slag drying (it is dried to moisture content≤10% at 75 ± 5 DEG C of air dry oven, adjusts air quantity, to make drying time control 5
~8h), obtain Alfalfa feed.
Test the measurement of one, tunning degree of hydrolysis：According to master thesis《Leftovers of tilapia and dregs of beans mixing hair
Ferment produces the research of novel fodder albumen》Middle 2.1.3 experimental methods are measured.
It is measured as degree of hydrolysis 32.85%.
Comparative example 1-1, make the nutrient salt solution in 1 step 1) of embodiment into water, volume is constant；Remaining is equal to reality
Apply example 1.Protein hydrolysis degree is 10.03%.
Comparative example 2-1, make the inoculum concentration in 1 step 3) of embodiment into 4ml bacterium solutions/100g, remaining is equal to embodiment
1.Protein hydrolysis degree is 26.76%.
Comparative example 2-2, make the inoculum concentration in 1 step 3) of embodiment into 6ml bacterium solutions/100g, remaining is equal to embodiment
1.Protein hydrolysis degree is 28.27%.
Comparative example 2-3, make the inoculum concentration in 1 step 3) of embodiment into 10ml bacterium solutions/100g, remaining is equal to embodiment
1.Protein hydrolysis degree is 29.13%.
Comparative example 2-4, make the inoculum concentration in 1 step 3) of embodiment into 12ml bacterium solutions/100g, remaining is equal to embodiment
1.Protein hydrolysis degree is 27.01%.
Comparative example 3-1, make the solid-liquid ratio in 1 step 4) of embodiment into 1g/5ml, remaining is equal to embodiment 1.Albumen
Degree of hydrolysis is 22.47%.
Comparative example 3-2, make the solid-liquid ratio in 1 step 4) of embodiment into 1g/15ml, remaining is equal to embodiment 1.Albumen
Degree of hydrolysis is 30.43%.
Comparative example 3-3, make the solid-liquid ratio in 1 step 4) of embodiment into 1g/20ml, remaining is equal to embodiment 1.Albumen
Degree of hydrolysis is 29.38%.
Comparative example 3-4, make the solid-liquid ratio in 1 step 4) of embodiment into 1g/25ml, remaining is equal to embodiment 1.Albumen
Degree of hydrolysis is 28.89%.
Finally, it should also be noted that it is listed above be only the present invention several specific embodiments.Obviously, this hair
Bright to be not limited to above example, acceptable there are many deformations.Those skilled in the art can be from present disclosure
All deformations for directly exporting or associating, are considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the method that microbial fermentation prepares Alfalfa feed, it is characterized in that including the following steps：
1), according to the liquid ratio of 1~5ml/g, nutrient salt solution is added in Alfalfa after being pulverized, is carried out under air-proof condition
Sterilizing, then cools to room temperature, obtains material liquid；
2), according to the inoculum concentration of 4~16ml bacterium solutions/100g Alfalfas, it is 10 that spore concentration is added in material liquid6~107A/
The aspergillus oryzae bacterium solution of mL is placed in fermented and cultured 3~10 days in 26~32 DEG C of constant-temperature shaking incubators；
3), first the tunning obtained by step 2) is sterilized, then plus water puies forward 1 ± 0.5h, the step 1) in 95 ± 10 DEG C of water
In Alfalfa and water solid-liquid ratio be 1g/8~12ml；
Water is carried gains to be separated by solid-liquid separation, after the residue drying, obtains Alfalfa feed.
2. the method that microbial fermentation according to claim 1 prepares Alfalfa feed, it is characterized in that：The nutritive salt is molten
Liquid is：Weigh 0.9~1.1g KH2PO4, 2.3~2.7g NaCl, 0.4~0.6g MgSO4·7H2O, 0.9~1.1g (NH4)2SO4, 0.4~0.6gCaCl2, mix, be settled to 1L with water dissolution, adjust pH to 7.0 ± 0.2.
3. the method that microbial fermentation according to claim 1 or 2 prepares Alfalfa feed, it is characterized in that aspergillus oryzae bacterium solution
Preparation method be follow the steps below successively：
1., actication of culture：
16.6g mould fluid nutrient mediums are weighed, distilled water or deionized water 1L is added, being heated with stirring to boiling makes mould liquid train
Foster base is completely dissolved, and sterilizing obtains fluid nutrient medium；
0.2mL aspergillus oryzae liquid suspensions are drawn, are added into 50 ± 5mL fluid nutrient mediums, in 30 ± 1 DEG C of incubators after sealing
3~4d of middle culture；Thallus suspension liquid must be activated；
2., expand culture：
It draws 1mL and activates thallus suspension liquid, be added into 50 ± 5mL fluid nutrient mediums, trained in 30 ± 1 DEG C of incubators after sealing
It supports, until it is 10 to obtain spore concentration6~107The aspergillus oryzae bacterium solution of a/mL.
4. the method that microbial fermentation according to claim 3 prepares Alfalfa feed, it is characterized in that：Aspergillus oryzae is
The number of BNCC strain libraries is 63501-2a19 aspergillus oryzae strains.
5. the method that microbial fermentation according to claim 1 prepares Alfalfa feed, it is characterized in that：
The sterilizing of the step 1) and step 3) is 121 ± 2 DEG C of 20 ± 1min of high pressure sterilization；
Separation of solid and liquid in the step 3) is that Buchner funnel is filtered by vacuum or uses sock filtration；
Drying in the step 3) is to be dried to moisture content≤10% at 75 ± 10 DEG C of air dry oven.
6. the method that microbial fermentation according to claim 1 prepares Alfalfa feed, it is characterized in that：
The Alfalfa after crushing in the step 1) is to be broken to alfalfa meal to cross 50 mesh sieve.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109864177A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-06-11 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of fermentation processing method increasing saponin extraction amount in clover |
| CN110200254A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-09-06 | 内蒙古津食垣食品有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of clover sauce |
| CN110973353A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-04-10 | 四川农业大学 | Solid-state fermentation alfalfa meal feed and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN101869230A (en) * | 2010-07-13 | 2010-10-27 | 山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Microbial additive for alfalfa haylage, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104824426A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-08-12 | 新昌县大成生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of sheep feed additive fermented by probiotic |
| CN107865446A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-04-03 | 何怡江 | Microbe fermentation method extracts Alfalfa water-soluble dietary fiber |
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2018
- 2018-05-21 CN CN201810489940.XA patent/CN108740293A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101869230A (en) * | 2010-07-13 | 2010-10-27 | 山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Microbial additive for alfalfa haylage, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104824426A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-08-12 | 新昌县大成生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of sheep feed additive fermented by probiotic |
| CN107865446A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-04-03 | 何怡江 | Microbe fermentation method extracts Alfalfa water-soluble dietary fiber |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109864177A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-06-11 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of fermentation processing method increasing saponin extraction amount in clover |
| CN110200254A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-09-06 | 内蒙古津食垣食品有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of clover sauce |
| CN110973353A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-04-10 | 四川农业大学 | Solid-state fermentation alfalfa meal feed and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN110973353B (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2023-08-18 | 四川农业大学 | Solid-state fermentation alfalfa meal feed and preparation method and application thereof |
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