CN108715919B - 一种消除冷轧普板连续退火带钢表面麻点的方法 - Google Patents
一种消除冷轧普板连续退火带钢表面麻点的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及了一种消除冷轧普板连续退火带钢表面麻点的方法,根据带钢表面麻点缺陷微观特点,结合生产现场深入分析连退炉炉辊结瘤微观特征及其形成机理,采取如下措施消除炉辊表面结瘤从而保证带钢表面质量:控制原料带钢表面残铁量≤50mg/m2;控制脱脂液浓度25‑27g/L,脱脂液铁粉含量≤100mg/kg,漂洗液铁粉含量≤30mg mg/Kg;连续退火炉炉辊涂层采用超音速喷涂、炉辊辊面粗糙度(Ra)5~7μm。本发明利用现有的设备和工艺流程,有效解决了炉辊结瘤导致的冷轧普板连续退火带钢表面麻点缺陷问题,提高了冷轧普板连续退火带钢的表面质量。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于材料加工工程技术领域,涉及了一种消除冷轧普板连续退火带钢表面麻点的方法。
背景技术
表面质量是影响普板连退带钢产品质量的一个重要方面,尤其是带钢麻点缺陷,厚规格尤为严重。带钢麻点问题不仅影响成品合格率还影响连退机组的正常生产。真彩共聚焦显微镜检测分析表明,麻点深度在20-30μm左右。根据麻点表现形式可以将麻点分为:针点状、短线状、白点状和颗粒物压印几种类型;跟踪表明带钢表面麻点缺陷主要由炉辊结瘤和炉内颗粒物压印导致。
连退炉炉辊结瘤形成机制主要由以下两种:①带钢表面的氧化物、铁屑等在辊子表面还原和粘结聚集;由于炉辊磨损,部分区域变得粗糙。在高温并带张力和摩擦力环境下,带钢上熔融、粘结的氧化物颗粒和铁粉在辊子表面粗糙度较大地方堆积,层层累加,从而形成结瘤。②炉内颗粒物在炉辊表面附着、聚集并粘附在炉辊辊面形成结瘤。专利CN103710518A公布了一种通过控制炉辊结瘤来消除钢板辊印的方法,采用高温板和低温板循环生产以及厚钢板快速通炉吸热降温,控制炉辊上瘤渣的长大和消除,从而降低停炉频次,提高炉子作业率。所述方法仅适用于热轧钢板热处理炉,与冷轧普板连续退火炉差异较大。专利CN 103924058A公布了一种冷轧连续退火炉辊结瘤的清除方法,但未涉及如何抑制炉辊结瘤。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种消除冷轧普板连续退火带钢表面麻点的方法,基于对炉辊结瘤物及带钢表面麻点微观特征的分析,通过控制来料表面残铁量、清洗质量、炉内张力、炉辊粗糙度等,对相关工艺参数进行控制,在不改造现有设备和工艺流程的前提下,解决了连续退火带钢表面麻点缺陷问题,增加成材率。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种消除冷轧普板连续退火带钢表面麻点的方法,冷轧普板连续退火带钢的生产工艺流程包括:炼钢->连铸->热轧->酸洗->五机架冷连轧->脱脂清洗->->漂洗->热风烘干->连续退火->卷取,其关键技术控制如下:
(1)控制原料带钢表面残铁量≤50mg/m2;连退原料板面情况对炉辊结瘤有至关重要的影响,残油残铁量超标,超过清洗段处理能力,导致清洗后板面残油残铁超标,特别是清洗后板面残铁,带入连退炉,并在炉辊表面经熔融、粘结,形成炉辊结瘤。
(2)控制脱脂液浓度25-27g/L,脱脂液铁粉含量≤100mg/kg,优选脱脂液铁粉含量≤80mg/kg,漂洗液铁粉含量≤30mg mg/Kg;采用扫描电子显微镜对炉辊点状粘铁型结瘤物(宏观形貌如图1所示)进行纵向和横向剖面分析,如图2所示,辊面结瘤物成分构成主要为铁、氧化铁和积碳。在炉内高温并带张力和摩擦力环境下,带钢上熔融、粘结的铁粉和氧化物颗粒在辊子表面粗糙度较大地方堆积,层层累加,从而形成结瘤。因此应保证清洗段清洗后带钢表面无过多的残油和残铁分布。脱脂液浓度影响清洗能力,浓度过低不足以清除带钢表面铁粉,浓度过高造成浪费;脱脂液及漂洗液铁粉含量主要用来衡量脱脂液和漂洗液的清洁程度,脱脂液铁粉含量高,导致清洗段带钢表面铁粉难以彻底清除。
(3)连续退火炉炉辊涂层采用超音速喷涂、炉辊辊面粗糙度(Ra) 5~7μm;炉辊辊面粗糙度也是影响辊面结瘤的一个重要因素,辊面使用时间过长,辊面粗糙度下降,也容易导致带钢与炉辊打滑,炉辊与带钢之间打滑容易导致辊面轻微损伤,辊面损伤处铁粉更容易聚集在炉辊表面,铁粉堆积后,不仅易形成炉辊结瘤,会对板面造成麻点等缺陷,如图3所示。炉辊面粗糙度过高,容易粘附铁粉颗粒等,因此辊面粗糙度应控制在5~7μm。喷涂方式采用超音速喷涂,而不采用爆炸喷涂,主要为避免辊面出现条带状爆炸喷涂斑,影响辊面粗糙度。
(4)控制连续退火炉炉区各段张力差≤3KN;连退炉内各炉区张力差过大,容易导致带钢与炉辊之间相对滑动。特别地,均热段与缓冷段温度变化大,导致带钢由于温度降低产生收缩,导致与炉辊之间出现更大的相对滑动。
(5)控制连续退火炉炉内压力15~20mm水柱;采用较大的保护气体通入量,适当提高炉内压力可以提高炉子漏孔出口保护气体的流速,这样可以一定程度上防止炉外氧气向炉内渗透。
此外还应保证炉内各段氧含量和露点,氧含量≤30ppm,露点≤-50℃。炉内氧含量指退火炉内残余氧含量,氧含量高底与炉内炉体泄露有关;在气压不变的情况下,降低温度,使饱和水汽压降至与当时实际的水汽压相等时的温度,称为露点。炉内露点是保护气体含水量的标志,露点高低影响带钢表面氧化铁的还原,退火炉中露点的高低代表氧化性强弱。
与现有技术相比较,本发明至少具有如下有益效果:
本发明基于对炉辊结瘤物及带钢表面麻点微观特征,不需改造现有设备,不改变现有工艺流程,从控制来料表面残铁量、清洗质量、炉内张力、炉辊粗糙度等方面入手,通过相关工艺参数控制,在不改造现有设备,不改变工艺流程,利用现有设备和工艺流程,有效解决了连续退火带钢表面麻点缺陷问题,增加成材率。并提高了带钢的表面质量,同时连退带钢成品性能满足要求,具有良好的经济效益和社会效益。
附图说明
图1为连续退火炉炉辊表面结瘤宏观形貌;
图2为连续退火炉炉辊表面结瘤物微观形貌;
图3为连续退火带钢表面麻点缺陷宏观形貌;
图4为实施例1中连续退火DC01带钢表面无麻点缺陷200倍二次电子形貌;
图5为实施例2中连续退火DC01带钢表面无麻点缺陷200倍二次电子形貌;
图6为对比实施例中连续退火带钢表面麻点缺陷500倍二次电子和背散射电子形貌。
具体实施方式
以下结合优选实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步的说明。
实施例1
利用本发明所涉及到的方法及控制措施在某连续退火机组生产连续退火带钢带钢,主要钢种DC01、SPCC,共计160卷,成品厚度规格1.20~2.0mm,宽度规格1250-1280mm。相关控制参数为:
(1)原料带钢表面单面残铁量46.8 mg/m2;
(2)控制脱脂液浓度25g/L,实测脱脂液铁粉含量80mg/kg,漂洗液铁粉含量28mgmg/Kg;
(3)连续退火炉炉辊采用超音速喷涂、炉辊辊面粗糙度(Ra) 5μm;
(4)控制连续退火炉炉区各段张力差≤2.5KN
(5)控制连续退火炉炉内压力15mm水柱。
(6)炉内各段实测氧含量20-25ppm,露点-55~-60ppm。
检查成品带钢表面质量,连续退火带钢表面良好,未出现炉辊结瘤和带钢表面麻点缺陷,带钢表面形貌如图4所示。带钢表面质量及力学性能均满足要求。
实施例2
利用本发明所涉及到的方法及控制措施依次在某连续退火机组生产连续退火带钢,主要钢种DC01、SPCC,共计172卷,成品厚度规格1.0~1.8mm,宽度规格1250~1270mm。相关控制参数为:
(1)原料带钢表面单面残铁量50 mg/m2;
(2)控制脱脂液浓度27g/L,实测脱脂液铁粉含量100mg/kg,漂洗液铁粉含量30mgmg/Kg
(3)连续退火炉炉辊涂层采用超音速喷涂、炉辊辊面粗糙度(Ra) 5μm;
(4)控制连续退火炉炉区各段张力差≤3KN
(5)控制连续退火炉炉内压力20mm水柱。
(6)炉内各段实测氧含量20-20ppm,露点-50~-60ppm。
检查成品带钢表面质量,连续退火带钢表面未出现炉辊结瘤和带钢表面麻点缺陷,带钢表面形貌如图6所示。表面质量及力学性能均满足要求。
对比实施例
利用本发明所涉及到的方法及控制措施在连续退火机组生产,主要钢种DC01、SPCC,共计154卷,成品厚度规格1.0~2.0mm,宽度规格1250~1270mm。相关控制工艺参数为:
(1)实测原料带钢表面单面残铁量均值65 mg/m2;
(2)控制脱脂液浓度24.5g/L,实测脱脂液铁粉含量102mg/kg,漂洗液铁粉含量31mg mg/Kg
(3)连退炉炉辊涂层采用爆炸喷涂,炉辊辊面实测粗糙度(Ra) 3μm;
(4)控制连续退火炉炉区各段最大张力差4KN;
(5)控制连续退火炉炉内压力12mm水柱。
(6)炉内各段实测氧含量30-100ppm,露点-20~-50ppm。
检查成品带钢表面质量,连续退火带钢表面19卷出现表面麻点缺陷判次,缺陷卷发生率12.3%,缺陷处微观形貌如图6所示。
最后所应说明的是,以上具体实施方式仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管参照实例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。
Claims (2)
1.一种消除冷轧普板连续退火带钢表面麻点的方法,冷轧普板连续退火带钢的生产工艺流程包括:炼钢->连铸->热轧->酸洗->五机架冷连轧->脱脂清洗->漂洗->热风烘干->连续退火->卷取,其特征在于:
(1)控制原料带钢表面残铁量≤50mg/m2;
(2)控制脱脂液浓度25-27g/L,脱脂液铁粉含量≤100mg/kg,漂洗液铁粉含量≤30mg/Kg;
(3)连续退火炉炉辊涂层采用超音速喷涂、炉辊辊面粗糙度(Ra) 5~7μm;
(4)控制连续退火炉炉区各段张力差≤3KN;
(5)连续退火过程中控制炉内压力为15~20mm水柱;
(6)连续退火过程中炉内氧含量<30ppm,露点≤-50℃。
2.根据权利要求1所述的消除冷轧普板连续退火带钢表面麻点的方法,其特征在于:所述的脱脂清洗过程中脱脂液铁粉含量≤80mg/kg。
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