CN108713404A - A kind of engrafting method promoting loquat Blooming result - Google Patents
A kind of engrafting method promoting loquat Blooming result Download PDFInfo
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- CN108713404A CN108713404A CN201810569119.9A CN201810569119A CN108713404A CN 108713404 A CN108713404 A CN 108713404A CN 201810569119 A CN201810569119 A CN 201810569119A CN 108713404 A CN108713404 A CN 108713404A
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- scion
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- loquat
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
- C05G5/23—Solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
- C05G5/27—Dispersions, e.g. suspensions or emulsions
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of engrafting method promoting loquat Blooming result, the engrafting method specifically includes following steps：1~2 year raw branch is hanked on year loquat as scion, the truncation of scion elder generation, then carries out the xylem that scion is exposed to cut point；It selects 1~2 year raw loquat new talent as stock, stock is cut flat with, then stock is cut out to the groove to match with scion；Bast is cut from stock or scion, bast is first sterilized and is placed on low temperature immersion in heteroauxin；First smearing scion tip is carried out to scion and stock notch with heteroauxin to be inserted into stock groove, bast wraps up scion and stock notch, smears nutrition healing liquid, is wound to bast with wet gauze, again wet gauze is tied up with grafting plastic strip, wound is smeared to get the loquat of Blooming result with nutrient solution, and present invention greatly enhances the survival rates of loquat grafting, shorten the time of yielding positive results, retain loquat merit, promotes production, improve economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant graft technology fields, and in particular to a kind of grafting side promoting loquat Blooming result
Method.
Background technology
Loquat is rose family Eriobotrya, also known as reed tangerine, golden ball, is gained the name because its blade profile is like Chinese lute, in originating in
The state southeast is bloomed in Qiu Mo or at the beginning of the winter, and fruit is referred to as in spring to early summer maturation, loquat " solely for seasonal pathogens,exopathogens in fruit tree
Person ".In China, the main planting area of loquat concentrates on Huaihe River areas to the south, and also there is cultivation in northern Gansu, Shaanxi and Henan, famous
Kind includes that Hang Zhoutang dwells soft white sand, Suzhou Dongshan according to kind of a white flesh loquats, green kind of the loquat of Suzhou Western Hills and Putian, fujian Province Bao Keng
Clock is liberated, for Chinese three big loquat producing regions.Loquat is sweet and delicious, full of nutrition, contains abundant pectin, glucose, minerals
And vitamins and other nutritious components, often feeding loquat have effects that moistening lung, cough-relieving, quench the thirst, and loquat be used as medicine after with clearing lung-heat
The effect of stomach energy, lowering the adverse-rising QI to resolve phlegm.Loquat is bred using cottage method, and easy to operate, planting cost is low, but root system is undeveloped,
The speed of growth is slow, low output；It uses adult loquat to be grafted for scion, the fruiting period can be shortened, but loquat fruit tree short life,
Again plantation waste plenty of time and cost；And seed growing method, kind of shell are harder, percentage of seedgermination is low, the speed of growth is slow,
Crop cycle is long, increases the planting cost of farmer.
Invention content
To solve the above problems, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of survival rate is high, growth rate is fast, graft stabilizer reliably promotees
Into the engrafting method of loquat Blooming result.
Purpose to realize the present invention, the technical solution adopted is that：A kind of engrafting method promoting loquat Blooming result,
The engrafting method specifically includes following steps：
1) selects scion：It selects plentiful and substantial result, no disease and pests harm and grows 1~2 year raw branch on sturdy adult loquat and make
For scion, scion carries 3~5 full, very large, no disease and pests harm gemma, and the rugosity of scion is 0.5~2.5cm, and scion is first put down
It cuts, from the bast that incision cuts off 1.5~3cm long, does not injure xylem, then carry out the xylem that scion is exposed to cut point,
It removes blade but retains petiole, be inserted into for use in wet sand；
2) selects stock：It selects life in 1~2 year, no disease and pests harm and grows sturdy loquat new talent as stock, stock is thick
Degree is 0.5~2.5cm, first cuts flat with stock, from the bast that incision cuts off 1.5~3cm long, does not injure xylem, then will
The xylem that stock exposes cuts out the groove to match with scion, blade and bud of the removal notch lower end apart from 5~8cm of incision
Spore；
3) selects bast：The tough of the branch that lower rugosity is 0.5~2.5cm is cut from stock or the parent of scion
Skin zone, bast length are 3~6cm, do not injure the inside that bast is bonded with xylem, and the bast under cutting is first sterilized
It is placed in the heteroauxin solution of 50~150mg/L and is impregnated with 5~20 DEG C of low temperature；
4) scion graftings are grafted：Smearing 2 first is carried out to the notch of scion and stock using 50~150mg/L heteroauxins solution
~3 times, the tip of scion is inserted into the inside grooves of stock, then bast is wrapped up to the notch of scion and stock, and is being cut
Nutrition healing liquid is smeared at mouthful, and the wet gauze for impregnating Fungicidal nutritive liquid 3~5cm above scion is used to carry out downward spiral
It is wound to below stock 1~2 layer of convolution winding behind the positions 3~5cm, the grafting that 3~5 width are 0.5~1.2cm is reused and moulds
Material strip ties up wet gauze；
The nutrition healing liquid specifically includes the composition of following parts by weight：100~300 parts of biogas water, willow are leached
0.08~0.12 part of liquid, 0.001~0.008 part of vitamin, 0.01~0.03 part of amino acid, 0.02~0.04 part of glucose, phosphorus
0.07~0.1 part of acid dihydride potassium, 0.03~0.06 part of urea, 0.001~0.005 part of Quercetin, 3~6 parts of soya-bean oil, agar 3~6
5~10 parts of part, 4~8 parts of sodium alginate and cow dung；
The nutrition bactericidal liquid specifically includes the composition of following parts by weight：1000~3000 parts of rice washing water, heteroauxin
0.005~0.008 part of sodium salt, 0.01~0.08 part of vitamin, amino acid 1~3 part, 2~4 parts of glucose, aliphatic acid 0.1~
0.5 part, 0.6~0.9 part of ammonium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5~0.9 part of potassium nitrate, 0.002~0.004 part of nano silver, antibacterial peptide 0.001~
0.3~0.6 part of 0.003 part, 0.01~0.03 part of carbendazim, 0.1~0.2 part of peppermint leachate and garlic leachate；
5) final-period managements：Gauze is removed after wound healing but retains plastic strip, uses 5~10 times of nutrient solution of dilution
It smears, every minor tick 4~7 days, scion normally germinates, stops smearing after leave and result, but does not remove plastic strip, grafting 0.5
Plastic strip is removed after~1 year；
The nutrient solution specifically includes the composition of following parts by weight：1000~1500 parts of mulberry fish pond water, heteroauxin
0.05~0.12 part of sylvite, 0.03~0.05 part of ferric sulfate, 0.005~0.009 part of copper nitrate, 0.08~0.012 part of magnesium chloride,
500~1000 parts of silkworm excrement leachate, 0.01~0.08 part of vitamin, 0.5~1.2 part of amino acid, 0.8~1.6 part of glucose, phosphorus
0.05~0.08 part of 0.1~0.4 part of acid dihydride ammonium, 0.05~0.15 part of saleratus and urea；
6) the later stages cultivate：It is wet using 25 DEG C -15 DEG C of alternating temperature round the clock in the expected month strict temperature control bloomed
Degree remains 75~80%, and daylight intensity is 5000~10000lux, at the same every 10~15 days using 500~
1300ppm gibberellin sprays scion blade face, and continuous processing is to blooming, stop spraying after result to get to Blooming result
Loquat.
Preferably, the grafting time of the engrafting method is in mid or late Febuary in spring~early or mid April or autumn September
The fine day morning of the last ten-days period~early October or dusk.
Preferably, the tip of scion is set as V-structure in the engrafting method step 1, and the both sides of V-structure are symmetrical,
Angle of chamfer is 30~45 °.
Preferably, the groove of stock is set as V-structure in the engrafting method step 2, and the depth of V-structure is set as
1~1.5cm.
Preferably, the mode of bast disinfection is in the engrafting method step 3：The first temperature by bast at 40~50 DEG C
50~60min is impregnated in hot water, the ethanol solution for reusing 60~75% carries out smearing 2~3 times to bast.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：Present invention greatly enhances the survival rates of loquat grafting, shorten and yield positive results
Time retains loquat merit, promotes production, improves economic benefit, easy to operate, highly practical, improves loquat
Yield is suitble to large-scale production.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the preceding operation chart of engrafting method grafting that the present invention promotes loquat Blooming result.
Fig. 2 is operation chart after the present invention promotes the engrafting method of loquat Blooming result to graft.
Specific implementation mode
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
It please refers to Fig.1 shown in -2, the present invention provides a kind of technical solution：A kind of grafting promoting loquat Blooming result
Method, the engrafting method specifically include following steps：
1) selects scion：It selects plentiful and substantial result, no disease and pests harm and grows 1~2 year raw branch on sturdy adult loquat and make
For scion, scion carries 3~5 full, very large, no disease and pests harm gemma, and the rugosity of scion is 0.5~2.5cm, and scion is first put down
It cuts, from the bast that incision cuts off 1.5~3cm long, does not injure xylem, then carry out the xylem that scion is exposed to cut point,
It removes blade but retains petiole, be inserted into for use in wet sand；
2) selects stock：It selects life in 1~2 year, no disease and pests harm and grows sturdy loquat new talent as stock, stock is thick
Degree is 0.5~2.5cm, first cuts flat with stock, from the bast that incision cuts off 1.5~3cm long, does not injure xylem, then will
The xylem that stock exposes cuts out the groove to match with scion, blade and bud of the removal notch lower end apart from 5~8cm of incision
Spore；
3) selects bast：The tough of the branch that lower rugosity is 0.5~2.5cm is cut from stock or the parent of scion
Skin zone, bast length are 3~6cm, do not injure the inside that bast is bonded with xylem, and the bast under cutting is first sterilized
It is placed in the heteroauxin solution of 50~150mg/L and is impregnated with 5~20 DEG C of low temperature；
4) scion graftings are grafted：Smearing 2 first is carried out to the notch of scion and stock using 50~150mg/L heteroauxins solution
~3 times, the tip of scion is inserted into the inside grooves of stock, then bast is wrapped up to the notch of scion and stock, and is being cut
Nutrition healing liquid is smeared at mouthful, and the wet gauze for impregnating Fungicidal nutritive liquid 3~5cm above scion is used to carry out downward spiral
It is wound to below stock 1~2 layer of convolution winding behind the positions 3~5cm, the grafting that 3~5 width are 0.5~1.2cm is reused and moulds
Material strip ties up wet gauze；
The nutrition healing liquid specifically includes the composition of following parts by weight：300 parts of biogas water, willow leachate 0.12
Part, 0.008 part of vitamin, 0.03 part of amino acid, 0.04 part of glucose, 0.1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.06 part of urea, Quercetin
10 parts of 0.005 part, 6 parts of soya-bean oil, 6 parts of agar, 8 parts of sodium alginate and cow dung；
The nutrition bactericidal liquid specifically includes the composition of following parts by weight：1000 parts of rice washing water, heteroauxin sodium salt
0.005 part, 0.01 part of vitamin, amino acid 1 part, 2 parts of glucose, 0.1 part of aliphatic acid, 0.6 part of ammonium hydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate 0.5
Part, 0.002 part of nano silver, 0.001 part of antibacterial peptide, 0.01 part of carbendazim, 0.1 part of peppermint leachate and 0.3 part of garlic leachate；
5) final-period managements：Gauze is removed after wound healing but retains plastic strip, uses 5~10 times of nutrient solution of dilution
It smears, every minor tick 4~7 days, scion normally germinates, stops smearing after leave and result, but does not remove plastic strip, grafting 0.5
Plastic strip is removed after~1 year；
The nutrient solution specifically includes the composition of following parts by weight：1500 parts of mulberry fish pond water, heteroauxin sylvite
0.05 part, 0.05 part of ferric sulfate, 0.005 part of copper nitrate, 0.012 part of magnesium chloride, 500 parts of silkworm excrement leachate, 0.08 part of vitamin,
0.05 part of 0.5 part of amino acid, 1.6 parts of glucose, 0.1 part of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.15 part of saleratus and urea；
6) the later stages cultivate：It is wet using 25 DEG C -15 DEG C of alternating temperature round the clock in the expected month strict temperature control bloomed
Degree remains 75~80%, and daylight intensity is 5000~10000lux, at the same every a 10~15 days using 500~
1300ppm gibberellin sprays scion blade face, and continuous processing is to blooming, stop spraying after result to get to Blooming result
Loquat.
Wherein, under the grafting time of the engrafting method is in mid or late Febuary in spring~early or mid April or autumn September
The fine day morning of ten days~early October or dusk.
Wherein, the tip of scion is set as V-structure in the engrafting method step 1, and the both sides of V-structure are symmetrical, tiltedly
Corner cut is 30~45 °.
Wherein, the groove of stock is set as V-structure in the engrafting method step 2, and the depth of V-structure is set as 1
~1.5cm.
Wherein, the mode of bast disinfection is in the engrafting method step 3：The first warm by bast at 40~50 DEG C
50~60min is impregnated in water, the ethanol solution for reusing 60~75% carries out smearing 2~3 times to bast.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment and embodiment the difference is that：
The nutrition healing liquid specifically includes the composition of following parts by weight：100 parts of biogas water, willow leachate 0.08
Part, 0.001 part of vitamin, 0.01 part of amino acid, 0.02 part of glucose, 0.07 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.03 part of urea, Quercetin
5 parts of 0.001 part, 3 parts of soya-bean oil, 3 parts of agar, 4 parts of sodium alginate and cow dung；
The nutrition bactericidal liquid specifically includes the composition of following parts by weight：3000 parts of rice washing water, heteroauxin sodium salt
0.008 part, 0.08 part of vitamin, 3 parts of amino acid, 4 parts of glucose, 0.5 part of aliphatic acid, 0.9 part of ammonium hydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate 0.9
Part, 0.004 part of nano silver, 0.003 part of antibacterial peptide, 0.03 part of carbendazim, 0.2 part of peppermint leachate and 0.6 part of garlic leachate；
The nutrient solution specifically includes the composition of following parts by weight：1000 parts of mulberry fish pond water, heteroauxin sylvite
0.12 part, 0.03 part of ferric sulfate, 0.009 part of copper nitrate, 0.08 part of magnesium chloride, 1000 parts of silkworm excrement leachate, 0.01 part of vitamin,
0.08 part of .2 parts of amino acid 1,0.8 part of glucose, 0.4 part of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.05 part of saleratus and urea；
The tip that the xylem that the scion leaks out is cut out is W types, and the both sides of W type structures are symmetrical, and inside angle of chamfer is 30
~45 °, outside angle of chamfer is 15~30 °.
In the present invention, present invention greatly enhances the survival rate of loquat grafting, the time of yielding positive results is shortened, is retained
Loquat merit promotes production, improves economic benefit, easy to operate, highly practical, improves the yield of loquat, is suitble to
Large-scale production.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
Understanding without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention can carry out these embodiments a variety of variations, modification, replace
And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of engrafting method promoting loquat Blooming result, it is characterised in that：The engrafting method specifically includes following
Step：
1) selects scion：It selects plentiful and substantial result, no disease and pests harm and grows raw branch conduct in 1~2 year on sturdy adult loquat and connect
Fringe, scion carry 3~5 full, very large, no disease and pests harm gemma, and the rugosity of scion is 0.5~2.5cm, the truncation of scion elder generation,
From the bast that incision cuts off 1.5~3cm long, xylem is not injured, then carry out the xylem that scion is exposed to cut point, removed
Blade but reservation petiole are inserted into for use in wet sand；
2) selects stock：It selects life in 1~2 year, no disease and pests harm and grows sturdy loquat new talent as stock, stock rugosity is
0.5~2.5cm first cuts flat with stock, from the bast that incision cuts off 1.5~3cm long, does not injure xylem, then by stock
The xylem of exposing cuts out the groove to match with scion, blade and gemma of the removal notch lower end apart from 5~8cm of incision；
3) selects bast：The bast for the branch that lower rugosity is 0.5~2.5cm is cut from stock or the parent of scion,
Bast length is 3~6cm, does not injure the inside that bast is bonded with xylem, and the bast under cutting is first sterilized postposition
It is impregnated with 5~20 DEG C of low temperature in the heteroauxin solution of 50~150mg/L；
4) scion graftings are grafted：Smearing 2~3 first is carried out to the notch of scion and stock using 50~150mg/L heteroauxins solution
It is secondary, the tip of scion is inserted into the inside grooves of stock, then bast is wrapped up to the notch of scion and stock, and in incision
Nutrition healing liquid is smeared, and uses the wet gauze 3~5cm progress downward spiral winding above scion for impregnating Fungicidal nutritive liquid
1~2 layer of convolution winding behind the positions 3~5cm, reuses the grafting plastic strip that 3~5 width are 0.5~1.2cm below to stock
Tie up wet gauze；
The nutrition healing liquid specifically includes the composition of following parts by weight：100~300 parts of biogas water, willow leachate
0.08~0.12 part, 0.001~0.008 part of vitamin, 0.01~0.03 part of amino acid, 0.02~0.04 part of glucose, phosphoric acid
0.07~0.1 part of potassium dihydrogen, 0.03~0.06 part of urea, 0.001~0.005 part of Quercetin, 3~6 parts of soya-bean oil, agar 3~6
5~10 parts of part, 4~8 parts of sodium alginate and cow dung；
The nutrition bactericidal liquid specifically includes the composition of following parts by weight：1000~3000 parts of rice washing water, heteroauxin sodium salt
0.005~0.008 part, 0.01~0.08 part of vitamin, amino acid 1~3 part, 2~4 parts of glucose, 0.1~0.5 part of aliphatic acid,
0.6~0.9 part of ammonium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5~0.9 part of potassium nitrate, 0.002~0.004 part of nano silver, antibacterial peptide 0.001~0.003
Part, 0.01~0.03 part of carbendazim, 0.1~0.2 part of peppermint leachate and 0.3~0.6 part of garlic leachate；
5) final-period managements：Gauze is removed after wound healing but retains plastic strip, is smeared using 5~10 times of nutrient solution of dilution,
Every minor tick 4~7 days, scion normally germinates, stops smearing after leave and result, but does not remove plastic strip, grafts 0.5~1 year
Plastic strip is removed afterwards；
The nutrient solution specifically includes the composition of following parts by weight：1000~1500 parts of mulberry fish pond water, heteroauxin sylvite
0.05~0.12 part, 0.03~0.05 part of ferric sulfate, 0.005~0.009 part of copper nitrate, 0.08~0.012 part of magnesium chloride, silkworm excrement
500~1000 parts of leachate, 0.01~0.08 part of vitamin, 0.5~1.2 part of amino acid, 0.8~1.6 part of glucose, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
0.05~0.08 part of 0.1~0.4 part of hydrogen ammonium, 0.05~0.15 part of saleratus and urea；
6) the later stages cultivate：In the expected month strict temperature control bloomed, using 25 DEG C -15 DEG C of alternating temperature round the clock, humidity is protected
It is 75~80% to hold, and daylight intensity is 5000~10000lux, while red using 500~1300ppm every 10~15 days
Mycin sprays scion blade face, and continuous processing is to blooming, stop spraying after result to get to the loquat of Blooming result.
2. a kind of engrafting method promoting loquat Blooming result according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described to transfer
The grafting time for connecing method is the fine day morning of mid or late Febuary in spring~early or mid April or mid or late September in autumn~early October
The upper or dusk.
3. a kind of engrafting method promoting loquat Blooming result according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described to transfer
The tip for connecing scion in method and step 1 is set as V-structure, and the both sides of V-structure are symmetrical, and angle of chamfer is 30~45 °.
4. a kind of engrafting method promoting loquat Blooming result according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described to transfer
The groove for connecing stock in method and step 2 is set as V-structure, and the depth of V-structure is set as 1~1.5cm.
5. a kind of engrafting method promoting loquat Blooming result according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described to transfer
Connecing the mode that bast sterilizes in method and step 3 is：Bast is first impregnated to 50~60min in 40~50 DEG C of warm water,
The ethanol solution for reusing 60~75% carries out smearing 2~3 times to bast.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114223451A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-25 | 福建省春天生态科技股份有限公司 | Method for cultivating cut-stem seedlings |
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| CN114223451B (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-11-11 | 福建省春天生态科技股份有限公司 | Method for cultivating cut-stem seedlings |
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