CN108698497A - 包括高压电池的车辆 - Google Patents

包括高压电池的车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108698497A
CN108698497A CN201780011136.4A CN201780011136A CN108698497A CN 108698497 A CN108698497 A CN 108698497A CN 201780011136 A CN201780011136 A CN 201780011136A CN 108698497 A CN108698497 A CN 108698497A
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Prior art keywords
shell structure
structure plate
shell
housing bottom
vehicle described
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S·本·萨拉
N·弗拉奥
M·施瓦策尔
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6553—Terminals or leads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0007—Measures or means for preventing or attenuating collisions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
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  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种包括高压电池(1)的车辆，所述高压电池具有壳体，所述壳体具有：壳体底部(2)，所述壳体底部基本上平行于行车道，车辆在所述行车道上停止或行驶；壳体盖，所述壳体盖与壳体底部(2)间隔开地设置；壳体壁(3、4、5a、5b、6a、6b)，通过所述壳体壁，壳体底部(2)与壳体盖连接，其中，所述壳体具有至少一个壳体结构板(9、10)，所述壳体结构板具有：最大的平面，所述平面垂直于壳体底部(2)并且垂直于壳体盖；以及朝向壳体底部(2)或与壳体底部连接的下侧和朝向壳体盖或与壳体盖连接的上侧，在壳体结构板(9、10)的内部设置至少两个平行的冷却通道(12、13)，所述冷却通道由致冷剂或冷却剂穿流，并且在壳体结构板(9)的第一侧和与第一侧对置的第二侧上分别设置至少一个电池单体(14a、14b、14c)、尤其是分别设置多个电池单体，所述电池单体(14a、14b、14c)分别具有一个正的和一个负的连接极(15a、15b、15c)，并且电池单体(14a、14b、14c)的至少一个连接极(15a、15b、15c)或两个连接极(15a、15b、15c)导热并且电绝缘地与壳体结构板(9)的第一侧和/或第二侧连接。

Description

包括高压电池的车辆
技术领域
本发明涉及一种按照权利要求1前序部分的包括高压电池的车辆。
背景技术
一种这样的包括高压电池的车辆由DE 10 2012 215 848A1已知。
车辆的高压电池经常通过致冷剂或冷却剂冷却。“致冷剂”理解为使用在致冷或空调设备回路中的物质。“冷却剂”是如下物质，其不汽化，而是以液体状态循环并且将热量从高压电池中导出。经常在此使用所谓的“多端口管”，“多端口管”是扁平的相对脆弱的由致冷剂或冷却剂穿流的铝管结构。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于，提供一种包括高压电池的车辆，所述高压电池具有紧凑的构造和除此之外的其它有利特性。
该任务通过权利要求1的特征解决。本发明有利的设计和进一步构成可由从属权利要求得出。
本发明的出发点是包括高压电池的车辆，所述高压电池具有壳体。高压电池的壳体具有壳体底部，所述壳体底部基本上平行于或平行于行车道，车辆在所述行车道上运动，并且壳体具有壳体盖，所述壳体盖与壳体底部间隔开地设置。通过壳体壁，壳体底部与壳体盖连接。
在高压电池的壳体内部设置至少一个元件，所述元件接下来称为“壳体结构板”并且所述元件集合有接收力的结构构件的功能和冷却器的功能。壳体结构板具有最大的平面，所述平面垂直于壳体底部并且垂直于壳体盖。此外壳体结构板具有下侧，所述下侧朝向壳体底部或与壳体底部连接，并且壳体结构板具有上侧，所述上侧朝向壳体盖或与壳体盖连接。
在壳体结构板的内部设置至少一个冷却通道。代替于此，可以在壳体结构板的内部也设置两个或多于两个例如平行的冷却通道，所述冷却通道沿同一方向或沿彼此相反的方向由致冷剂或冷却剂穿流。如以上已经解释的那样，“致冷剂”理解为如下物质，所述物质穿流致冷或空调设备回路并且在此完全或至少部分地汽化。“冷却剂”是在整个冷却回路中为液态的冷却物质。
在壳体结构板的彼此背离的各侧上，即，在壳体结构板的第一侧和背离第一侧的第二侧上分别设置至少一个电池单体。优选在壳体结构板的第一侧和背离第一侧的第二侧上分别设置多个电池单体。电池单体分别具有一个正的和一个负的连接极(连接端子)。各个电池单体在此可以串联或并联连接。一些或所有电池单体的至少一个连接极或两个连接极导热并且电绝缘地与壳体结构板的第一侧或第二侧连接。
在高压电池运行期间在电池单体中产生的热量在此通过电池单体的连接极馈送到由致冷剂或冷却剂穿流的壳体结构板上并且通过致冷剂或冷却剂从高压电池的壳体中运走并且馈送给散热装置(例如周围环境)或要加热的车辆构件或乘客空间。
按照本发明的一种进一步构成，壳体结构板在两个彼此对置的壳体壁之间、例如在高压电池的壳体的(沿车辆纵向方向看)一个前壁和一个后壁之间延伸。优选壳体结构板平行于车辆纵向方向延伸，这具有如下优点：壳体结构板在车辆纵向碰撞时抵抗高压电池的壳体变形。
但原则上壳体结构板也可横向于车辆纵向方向设置。在该情况中，壳体结构板在车辆侧向碰撞时抵抗高压电池的壳体变形。
按照本发明的一种进一步构成，在壳体结构板的内部设置多个作为“前流通道”起作用的冷却通道和多个与前流通道平行的、作为“回流通道”起作用的冷却通道，所述回流通道沿与前流通道相反的方向由致冷剂或冷却剂穿流。在壳体结构板的各端部区域中可以分别设置至少一个换向管线区段，通过所述换向管线区段，前流通道的末端与回流通道的通道始端处于流动连接中或反之。这样的换向管线区段例如可以通过嵌入到壳体结构板的一个端侧和一个壳体壁之间的独立的部件形成。代替于此可以规定，壳体结构板的端侧直接延伸直到壳体壁上并且与该壳体壁连接，并且所述至少一个换向区段通过集成到壳体壁中的管线区段形成，通过所述管线区段，致冷剂或冷却剂从前流通道的末端流动至回流通道的通道始端，或反之。
如以上已经提到的那样，可以在壳体结构板的第一侧和背离第一侧的第二侧上设置多个电池单体。尤其是可以规定，在壳体结构板的第一侧和第二侧上分别设置至少一个通过多个相互电连接的电池单体形成的电池单体堆垛。此外可以规定，在壳体结构板的第一侧和第二侧上分别设置多个这样的电池单体堆垛。电池单体堆垛的各个电池单体例如可以串联地相互电连接。
按照本发明的一种进一步构成规定，沿壳体结构板的纵向方向，在壳体结构板的第一侧和第二侧上相继地分别设置多个电池单体堆垛。
此外可以规定，在高压电池的壳体中设置至少两个彼此平行设置的壳体结构板，所述壳体结构板分别具有第一侧和第二侧，沿所述第一侧和第二侧分别设置多个电池单体堆垛。
按照本发明的一种进一步构成，电池单体分别具有上侧和下侧，所述上侧和下侧形成电池单体的最大侧并且基本上平行于壳体底部并且平行于壳体盖设置。
如以上已经提到的那样，每个电池单体分别通过其连接极至少之一导热并且电绝缘地与壳体结构板连接。在此可以规定，电池单体的连接极通过导热并且电绝缘的粘合剂层与壳体结构板连接。
如以上已经提到的那样，壳体结构板可以设置用于，在碰撞事故中接收力并且抵抗高压电池的壳体沿壳体结构板纵向方向的变形。此外壳体结构板可以承担所谓的“牵板”的功能，即可以规定，壳体结构板处于拉应力下并且将壳体底部和壳体盖和/或彼此对置的壳体壁(壳体结构板在所述壳体壁之间延伸)往一起拉紧。当电池单体在运行期间由于老化过程和电解质物质的伴随于此的泄漏而扩张到电池单体壳体内部时，即当电池单体在运行期间鼓起时，相应的力可以由处于拉应力下的壳体结构板接收。壳体结构板在此抵抗高压电池的壳体的鼓起、即壳体底部和壳体盖和/或彼此对置的壳体壁(壳体结构板在所述壳体壁之间延伸)的鼓起。
壳体结构板例如可以由铝或铝合金制成。壳体结构板例如可以在挤压法中制造。代替于此地也可设想，壳体结构板由塑料制成并且例如在挤压法中已制成，或者壳体结构板由塑料制成，其中，形成冷却通道的管已注入或注射到塑料中。
如以上已经提到的那样，可以规定，壳体底部和壳体盖通过壳体结构板往一起拉紧。在此可以规定，壳体结构板与壳体盖和/或壳体底部焊接、例如通过激光焊或通过MIG焊(熔化极惰性气体保护焊)。备选或补充于此可以规定，壳体结构板与壳体盖和/或壳体底部粘接和/或通过一个或多个螺纹连接装置连接。
按照本发明的一种进一步构成规定，一些或所有壳体壁处于拉应力下并且将壳体底部和壳体盖往一起拉紧。
此外可以规定，壳体底部是由至少两个层构造的夹层构件。这样的夹层构件具有相对高的弯曲刚度，这抑制高压电池的壳体的鼓起。这样的夹层构件例如可以由塑料或金属或复合材料(例如纤维加强塑料)制成或不仅由塑料而且由金属制成。要明确指出，壳体底部不必一定实施为夹层构件，而是例如也可以通过“简单的”、即单层的板形成。
壳体底部的下侧可以同时形成车辆的下侧。(例如以夹层结构方式的)相对坚硬的壳体底部在车辆在地面上“着陆”的情况下从下面保护电池单体。为了将着陆的危险保持在一定界限中，可以规定，在壳体底部的下侧和车辆所处的行车道之间的距离处于120mm至200mm之间的范围中或120mm至150mm之间的范围中。
如已经提到的那样，可以规定，壳体结构板的冷却通道由致冷剂或冷却剂穿流。尤其是可以规定，壳体结构板的冷却通道连接到致冷剂回路、例如车辆的车辆空调设备的致冷剂回路上，并且由致冷剂穿流。这样的致冷剂回路具有膨胀机构。优选这样的致冷剂回路的膨胀机构设置在高压电池的壳体壁之一或壳体盖或壳体底部的区域中、即高压电池附近或直接设置在高压电池上。膨胀的并且在此冷却的致冷剂直接在膨胀过程之后流到高压电池中、确切来说流到设置在壳体结构板中的冷却通道中，由此能够取得最佳的冷却作用。优选在膨胀机构和高压电池的壳体壁之间的距离小于20cm、尤其是小于10cm、尤其是小于5cm。优选膨胀机构直接设置在高压电池壳体的壁上。
代替于此可以规定，膨胀机构直接设置在凸缘上，在所述凸缘上，致冷剂回路的致冷剂管线用凸缘连接到高压电池上。
此外可以设置多个膨胀机构。例如可以为每个冷却通道入口分别配置一个单独的膨胀机构。
此外有利的是，在致冷剂回路的致冷剂压缩机和高压电池的壳体之间的距离是小的。例如可以规定，在致冷剂压缩机和到高压电池壳体中的入口之间的致冷剂管线长度小于100cm或优选小于50cm。
高压电池的电池单体例如可以是所谓的“袋式单体”。每个所述单体可以具有由金属板制成的壳体或者可以被由金属箔制成的容器包围。包围这样的单体的“容器”也可以由塑料膜制成，所述塑料膜以金属层(例如铝层)涂敷或喷涂。
附图说明
接着结合附图进一步解释本发明。其中：
图1示出按照本发明的高压电池的透视图；
图2示出图1的高压电池的俯视图；
图3示出沿在图2中示出的剖切线A-A的剖视图；以及
图4示出高压电池在如下区域中的放大图，在所述区域中，电池单体的连接极与壳体结构板导热地连接。
具体实施方式
图1示出高压电池1，其具有壳体。所述壳体具有在这里未进一步示出的壳体盖和与壳体盖间隔开设置的壳体底部2。壳体底部2和与壳体底部2间隔开平行设置的壳体盖(未示出)通过壳体壁相互连接，即通过前壁3、后壁4、右边的侧壁5a、5b和左边的侧壁6a、6b。高压电池1可以这样设置在车辆中，使得各侧壁5a、5b或6a平行于车辆纵向方向7。
在高压电池1的壳体中设置电池单体的多个堆垛。电池单体堆垛在图1、2中以附图标记8a-8j表示。
电池单体堆垛8a、8b沿行驶方向7相继地设置。同样例如电池单体堆垛8c、8d、8e沿行驶方向7相继地设置。在一方面电池单体堆垛8a、8b和另一方面电池单体堆垛8c、8d、8e之间，称为“壳体结构板9”(参考图3)的元件沿高压电池1的或车辆的纵向方向7延伸。同样，壳体结构板10同样在一方面电池单体堆垛8i、8j和另一方面电池单体堆垛8f、8g、8h之间延伸，所述壳体结构板10可以完全与壳体结构板9一样地构造。
如由图3可看出的那样，壳体结构板9在这里关于中心平面11对称地构造。壳体结构板9的中心平面11或“大的侧”垂直于高压电池1壳体底部2并且垂直于其壳体盖并且因此垂直于行车道，其内装入高压电池1的车辆停止在所述行车道上。
在图3中示出的壳体结构板9在其两侧的每侧上具有集成的冷却通道，仅示例性以附图标记12、13表示所述冷却通道之中的两个冷却通道。例如可以的是，冷却通道12是前流通道，而冷却通道13是回流通道。例如可以规定，冷却通道12由冷却剂或致冷剂沿指入图平面的方向穿流，并且冷却通道13由冷却剂或致冷剂沿从图平面指出的方向穿流。
由此，壳体结构板9作为一种“对流式热交换器”起作用。在壳体结构板9的端侧的各端部上可以分别设置换向管线区段，通过所述换向管线区段，前流通道12的末端与回流通道13的通道始端处于流体连接中，这类似于在对流式热交换器中的情况。在壳体结构板9的两个彼此背离的侧上例如设置电池单体堆垛8a、8d，所述电池单体堆垛分别通过多个上下相叠地堆叠的电池单体14a、14b、14c等形成。每个所述电池单体分别具有至少一个连接极15a、15b、15c等。电池单体14a、14b、14c等的连接极15a、15b、15c等导热并且电绝缘地与壳体结构板9连接。
通过连接极15a、15b、15c可以将电池单体14a、14b、14c中产生的热量馈送到壳体结构板9上并且由穿流冷却通道12、13的冷却液或穿流冷却通道12、13的致冷剂从高压电池1中导出。
如由图3可看出的那样，壳体结构板9具有盒轮廓或矩形轮廓，其沿纵向方向7赋予高压电池1相对高的刚度。因此，在车辆纵向碰撞时，壳体结构板9抵抗高压电池1的壳体变形。
附加地，如果壳体底部2和壳体盖(未示出)被壳体结构板9往一起拉紧，那么壳体结构板9可以承担“牵板”的功能。例如也可以规定，壳体底部2与壳体结构板9的下侧和/或壳体盖(未示出)与壳体结构板的上侧焊接和/或螺接和/或粘接或以其它方式连接。壳体结构板9因此抵抗可能会使壳体底部2或壳体盖鼓起的力。
图4示出在壳体结构板9区域中的高压电池1的剖面的放大图。如由图4可看出的那样，电池单体14a的正极与电池单体14b的负极电连接。同时，两个连接极14a、14b导热地、例如通过导热的粘合剂层16与壳体结构板9的外侧连接，由此实现在连接极15a、15b和壳体结构板9之间的良好的热转移。
如由图1和2可看出的那样，例如可以在前壁3(或另一个壳体壁)上或附近设置膨胀机构17，在所述膨胀机构中使致冷剂释压，所述致冷剂流入包含在壳体结构板9、10中的冷却通道中。

Claims (28)

1.包括高压电池(1)的车辆，所述高压电池具有壳体，其中，所述壳体具有：
壳体底部(2)，所述壳体底部基本上平行于行车道，车辆在所述行车道上停止或行驶，
壳体盖，所述壳体盖与壳体底部(2)间隔开地设置，
壳体壁(3、4、5a、5b、6a、6b)，通过所述壳体壁，壳体底部(2)与壳体盖连接，
其特征在于，所述壳体具有至少一个壳体结构板(9、10)，所述壳体结构板具有：
最大的平面，所述平面垂直于壳体底部(2)并且垂直于壳体盖，以及
朝向壳体底部(2)或与壳体底部连接的下侧和朝向壳体盖或与壳体盖连接的上侧，其中，
在壳体结构板(9、10)的内部设置至少一个冷却通道(12、13)或设置至少两个平行的冷却通道(12、13)，所述冷却通道由致冷剂或冷却剂穿流，并且
在壳体结构板(9)的第一侧和与第一侧对置的第二侧上分别设置至少一个电池单体(14a、14b、14c)、尤其是分别设置多个电池单体，其中，所述电池单体(14a、14b、14c)分别具有一个正的和一个负的连接极(15a、15b、15c)，并且电池单体(14a、14b、14c)的至少一个连接极(15a、15b、15c)或两个连接极(15a、15b、15c)导热并且电绝缘地与壳体结构板(9)的第一侧和/或第二侧连接。
2.按照权利要求1所述的车辆，其特征在于，在壳体结构板(9、10)的内部设置至少两个平行的冷却通道，所述至少两个平行的冷却通道以彼此相反的方向由致冷剂或冷却剂穿流。
3.按照权利要求1或2所述的车辆，其特征在于，壳体结构板(9、10)设置在两个彼此对置的壳体壁(3、4)之间。
4.按照权利要求1至3之一所述的车辆，其特征在于，在壳体结构板的内部设置多个作为前流通道起作用的冷却通道(12)和多个与前流通道平行的、作为回流通道起作用的冷却通道(13)，所述回流通道沿与前流通道(12)相反的方向被穿流。
5.按照权利要求1至4之一所述的车辆，其特征在于，设置至少一个换向管线区段，通过所述换向管线区段，前流通道(12)的末端与回流通道(13)的通道始端处于流动连接中。
6.按照权利要求5所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述至少一个换向管线区段通过嵌入到壳体结构板(9、10)的一个端侧和一个壳体壁(3、4)之间的部件形成。
7.按照权利要求5所述的车辆，其特征在于，壳体结构板(9、10)的一个端侧直接延伸直到一个壳体壁(3、4)上并且与该壳体壁连接，并且所述至少一个换向管线区段集成到该壳体壁(3、4)中。
8.按照权利要求1至7之一所述的车辆，其特征在于，在壳体结构板(9、10)的第一侧和第二侧上分别设置至少一个通过多个相互电连接的电池单体(14a、14b、14c)形成的电池单体堆垛(8a-8j)。
9.按照权利要求1至8之一所述的车辆，其特征在于，壳体结构板(9、10)沿车辆纵向方向(7)延伸并且在车辆纵向碰撞时抵抗壳体的往一起压缩。
10.按照权利要求1至9之一所述的车辆，其特征在于，沿壳体结构板(9、10)的第一侧和沿壳体结构板的第二侧分别设置多个电池单体堆垛(8a、8b；8c、8d、8e)。
11.按照权利要求1至10之一所述的车辆，其特征在于，在所述壳体中设置至少两个彼此平行设置的壳体结构板(9、10)，所述壳体结构板分别具有第一侧和第二侧，沿壳体结构板的第一侧和第二侧分别设置多个电池单体堆垛(8a-8j)。
12.按照权利要求1至11之一所述的车辆，其特征在于，电池单体(14a、14b、14c)分别具有上侧和下侧，所述上侧和下侧形成相应的电池单体的最大侧并且所述上侧和下侧基本上平行于壳体底部(2)并且平行于壳体盖设置。
13.按照权利要求1至12之一所述的车辆，其特征在于，电池单体(14a、14b、14c)的连接极(15a、15b、15c)通过导热并且电绝缘的粘合剂层(16)与壳体结构板(9、10)连接。
14.按照权利要求1至12之一所述的车辆，其特征在于，壳体结构板(9、10)处于拉应力下并且将壳体底部(2)和壳体盖往一起拉紧。
15.按照权利要求1至14之一所述的车辆，其特征在于，壳体结构板(9、10)由铝或铝合金制成并且已在挤压法中制成。
16.按照权利要求1至15之一所述的车辆，其特征在于，壳体结构板(9、10)由塑料制成并且已在挤压法中制成，或者壳体结构板(9、10)由塑料制成，其中，形成冷却通道(12、13)的管已注入或注射到塑料中。
17.按照权利要求1至6之一所述的车辆，其特征在于，壳体结构板与壳体盖和/或壳体底部(2)焊接，尤其是通过激光焊或通过MIG焊。
18.按照权利要求1至17之一所述的车辆，其特征在于，壳体结构板(9、10)与壳体盖和/或壳体底部(2)粘接。
19.按照权利要求1至18之一所述的车辆，其特征在于，壳体结构板(9、10)与壳体盖和/或壳体底部(2)通过螺纹连接装置连接。
20.按照权利要求1至19之一所述的车辆，其特征在于，一些或所有壳体壁(3、4、5a、5b、6a、6b)处于拉应力下并且将壳体底部(2)和壳体盖往一起拉紧。
21.按照权利要求1至20之一所述的车辆，其特征在于，壳体底部(2)是由至少两个层构造的夹层构件。
22.按照权利要求1至21之一所述的车辆，其特征在于，壳体底部的下侧形成车辆的下侧。
23.按照权利要求1至22之一所述的车辆，其特征在于，在行车道和壳体底部(2)的下侧之间的距离处于120mm至200mm之间的范围中或120mm至150mm之间的范围中。
24.按照权利要求1至23之一所述的车辆，其特征在于，壳体结构板(9、10)的冷却通道(12、13)连接到车辆的致冷剂回路上并且由致冷剂穿流。
25.按照权利要求24所述的车辆，其特征在于，致冷剂回路具有膨胀机构，所述膨胀机构设置在高压电池(1)的壳体壁(3、4、5a、5b、6a、6b)之一的区域中。
26.按照权利要求25所述的车辆，其特征在于，在膨胀机构和壳体壁(3、4、5a、5b、6a、6b)之一之间的距离小于20cm、尤其是小于10cm。
27.按照权利要求25或26所述的车辆，其特征在于，膨胀机构设置在凸缘上，在所述凸缘上，致冷剂回路的致冷剂管线用凸缘连接到高压电池(1)上。
28.按照权利要求1至27之一所述的车辆，其特征在于，电池单体具有由金属板制成的壳体，或者电池单体被由金属箔制成的容器包围。
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