CN108686040A - 一种皮炎用药膏及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种皮炎用药膏,该药膏包括以下原料:雄黄、白芷、密陀僧、五倍子、土荆皮、冰片、山茶油、薄荷叶、凡士林。本发明通过了对原料的精选和制备工艺的改进,提高了该药膏对皮炎的治疗效果,总有效率最高可达94%。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药技术领域,具体涉及一种皮炎用药膏。
背景技术
皮炎是指由各种内、外部感染或非感染性因素导致的皮肤炎症性疾患的一个泛称,并非一独立疾病,其病因和临床表现复杂多样,且反复发作,临床治疗较为困难。皮炎和湿疹的概念及分类是皮肤科学术界一直有争论的问题之一,以往曾把二者作为同义语来用,并不严格区分,如有人将异位性皮炎也称为异位性湿疹等。现在多数的观点认为皮炎泛指皮肤的炎症,如接触性致敏、皮肤感染等,而湿疹专指某些非感染性炎症,同时将发病机制或临床特征相对明确者称为“某某皮炎”,而病因暂时不明确者笼统的诊断为“湿疹”。国际疾病分类(ICD)-10在皮炎与湿疹的章节中,包括有接触性皮炎、特应性皮炎、神经性皮炎等20多种疾病。临床上常根据病因、发病部位或其他临床特征将某一特定的皮炎定义为某某皮炎,如接触某物质引起的称为接触性皮炎,内用药物引起的称为药物性皮炎等。
感染性皮肤炎症积极控制感染,非感染性皮肤炎症一般的治疗原则如下:
一,系统药物治疗,目的在于抗炎、止痒。可用抗组胺类药、镇静安定剂等,一般不宜使用糖皮质激素。
(1)急性期、亚急性期:可用钙剂、维生素C等静脉注射或普鲁卡因静脉封闭;①皮损面积<30%的患者,可以外用药物配合抗组胺药、复方甘草酸苷等口服;②皮损面积≥30%的患者,可以使用10%葡萄糖酸钙或硫代硫酸钠或复方甘草酸苷制剂静脉用药;严重患者短期应用激素1周;配合或交替使用复方甘草酸苷或雷公藤制剂或其他免疫抑制剂。激素停药后继续应用这些药物2周左右,酌情给予抗组胺药。或单纯使用雷公藤制剂、免疫抑制剂如环孢素等至病情缓解;皮损广泛且有糜烂、渗液或继发感染者适当给予抗生素;酌情使用免疫抑制剂包括硫唑嘌呤、环孢素A和干扰素等。反复发作者可以试用免疫调节剂。
(2)慢性期:①皮损面积<30%的患者,可以外用药物适当配合抗组胺药、复方甘草酸苷等口服;疗效不佳者可以短期加用雷公藤制剂或免疫抑制剂,控制病情后停药;②皮损面积≥30%的患者,多数需要口服复方甘草酸苷、雷公藤制剂或免疫抑制剂、免疫调节剂、抗组胺药;不推荐激素。
二,外用药物治疗,遵循外用药物的使用原则。急性期渗出不多可用糖皮质激素霜剂,渗出多可用3%硼酸溶液冷湿敷,渗出减少后用糖皮质激素霜剂,或和油剂交替使用;亚急性期可选用糖皮质激素乳剂、糊剂,为防治继发感染可加用抗生素;慢性期选用软膏、硬膏、涂膜剂;顽固性局限性皮损可用糖皮质激素皮内注射。
发明内容
本发明是一种可以治疗皮炎的药膏。本发明通过原料的精心配伍和制备方法的改进,得到了一款对皮炎有非常好疗效的中药成分药膏。本药膏作用范围为搜风、消肿、排脓,主要功效为臃肿、疮毒、疠风、癣疮、胎衣不下。使用方法为外用,每日在患处适量涂抹3次,涂抹前清洁皮肤。使用本药膏的注意事项为1.凡痈疽已溃不宜眼、孕妇亦忌用。3.尽量避免鱼虾海鲜、牛羊肉、辛辣刺激性食品等,多吃水果和蔬菜,避免饮酒。4.剪短指甲,防止搔抓致破,继发感染。5.内衣应宽松,柔软材质。6.应养成良好的卫生习惯,搞好个人卫生,不要用过热水及肥皂等碱性洗涤用品洗擦。7.使用润肤产品,止痒兼修护皮肤。8.尽可能避免使用含激素成分的药膏,以免形成激素依赖性皮炎。
本发明目的是通过如下技术方案实现的:
一种皮炎用药膏,以重量份计包括以下原料:雄黄3-8份、白芷8-15份、密陀僧8-15份、五倍子5-10份、土荆皮8-15份、冰片3-8份、茶油15-30份、薄荷3-8份、凡士林15-30份。
优选地,所述的茶油为山茶油、中果茶油和红花茶油中的任意一种。
优选地,所述的薄荷为薄荷叶。
该皮炎用膏药的制备方法如下:
(1)将冰片、白芷、五倍子洗净后,捣烂,将所得的所有固体和液体全部加入容器A中;
(2)将土荆皮和薄荷洗净后加入到容器B中,加入溶剂,搅拌30-60分钟后,过滤,将滤液加入到容器A中;
所述溶剂的重量为茶油重量的50%-120%;
(3)向容器A中加入茶油,随后容器A在25-30℃下加热20-30分钟,再升温至60-80℃加热2-3小时,自然降至室温;
(4)用纱布滤出药油,放入容器C;
(5)向容器C中加入凡士林后,将容器C升温至50-80℃加热30-50分钟后,向容器D中加入雄黄和密陀僧,继续控温在50-80℃搅拌5-10分钟后停止加热;
(7)将容器D密封,待自然将至室温后,放入-10-0℃的环境下3-24小时后取出,即得皮炎用药膏。
优选地,制备方法中所述的溶剂为乙酸水溶液或乙醇水溶液或水。
优选地,所述的乙酸水溶液为质量分数为10%-60%的乙酸水溶液。
优选地,所述的乙醇水溶液为质量分数为25%-75%的乙醇水溶液。
具体地,在本发明中所涉及的各化合物CAS号如下:
乙酸,CAS号:64-19-7。
乙醇,CAS号:64-17-5。
本发明中的雄黄、白芷、密陀僧、五倍子、土荆皮、薄荷均购自购自河北安国药业集团有限公司。
凡士林为广州多德化工有限公司生产的医用凡士林。
冰片购自安徽华庄药业有限公司。
山茶油、小果茶油和红花茶油均按《水代法从油茶籽中提取茶油的工艺》(郭玉宝,汤斌,裘爱泳,等.水代法从油茶籽中提取茶油的工艺[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(9):249-252.)一文中的提取工艺提取。
其中山茶油的原料为野生油茶籽(Camellia oleiferaAbel.,普通油茶籽);小果茶油的原料为小果油茶(C.meiocarpa,普通油茶籽);红花茶油的原料为浙江红花油茶籽(Camellia chekiangoleosa Hu.,普通油茶籽)。
本发明通过原料的精选和制备方式的改进最大程度上保留了原料中的有益成分,使本发明能够有更好的治疗效果。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例,对本发明作进一步的详细说明,以下实施例仅仅是用来解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1
一种皮炎用药膏,包括下列原料:雄黄5g、白芷10g、密陀僧10g、五倍子8g、土荆皮10g、冰片5g、山茶油20g、薄荷叶5g、凡士林20g。
由下述方法制备:
(1)将冰片、白芷、五倍子洗净后,捣烂,将所得的所有固体和液体全部加入容器A中;
(2)将土荆皮和薄荷叶洗净后加入到容器B中,加入16g水,搅拌30-60分钟后,过滤,将滤液加入到容器A中;
(3)向容器A中加入山茶油,随后容器A在30℃下加热30分钟,再升温至80℃加热2小时,自然降至室温;
(4)用100目纱布滤出药油,放入容器C;
(5)向容器C中加入凡士林后,将容器C升温至75℃加热45分钟后,向容器D中加入雄黄和密陀僧,继续控温在60℃搅拌10分钟后停止加热;
(7)将容器D密封,待自然将至室温后,放入0℃的环境下8小时后取出,即得皮炎用药膏。
实施例2
一种皮炎用药膏,包括下列原料:雄黄5g、白芷10g、密陀僧10g、五倍子8g、土荆皮10g、冰片5g、红花茶油20g、薄荷叶5g、凡士林20g。
由下述方法制备:
(1)将冰片、白芷、五倍子洗净后,捣烂,将所得的所有固体和液体全部加入容器A中;
(2)将土荆皮和薄荷叶洗净后加入到容器B中,加入16g水,搅拌30-60分钟后,过滤,将滤液加入到容器A中;
(3)向容器A中加入红花茶油,随后容器A在30℃下加热30分钟,再升温至80℃加热2小时,自然降至室温;
(4)用100目纱布滤出药油,放入容器C;
(5)向容器C中加入凡士林后,将容器C升温至75℃加热45分钟后,向容器D中加入雄黄和密陀僧,继续控温在60℃搅拌10分钟后停止加热;
(7)将容器D密封,待自然将至室温后,放入0℃的环境下8小时后取出,即得皮炎用药膏。
实施例3
一种皮炎用药膏,包括下列原料:雄黄5g、白芷10g、密陀僧10g、五倍子8g、土荆皮10g、冰片5g、红花茶油20g、薄荷叶5g、凡士林20g。
由下述方法制备:
(1)将冰片、白芷、五倍子洗净后,捣烂,将所得的所有固体和液体全部加入容器A中;
(2)将土荆皮和薄荷叶洗净后加入到容器B中,加入16g60%的乙酸水溶液,搅拌30-60分钟后,过滤,将滤液加入到容器A中;
(3)向容器A中加入红花茶油,随后容器A在30℃下加热30分钟,再升温至80℃加热2小时,自然降至室温;
(4)用100目纱布滤出药油,放入容器C;
(5)向容器C中加入凡士林后,将容器C升温至75℃加热45分钟后,向容器D中加入雄黄和密陀僧,继续控温在60℃搅拌10分钟后停止加热;
(7)将容器D密封,待自然将至室温后,放入0℃的环境下8小时后取出,即得皮炎用药膏。
实施例4
一种皮炎用药膏,包括下列原料:雄黄5g、白芷10g、密陀僧10g、五倍子8g、土荆皮10g、冰片5g、红花茶油20g、薄荷叶5g、凡士林20g。
由下述方法制备:
(1)将冰片、白芷、五倍子洗净后,捣烂,将所得的所有固体和液体全部加入容器A中;
(2)将土荆皮和薄荷叶洗净后加入到容器B中,加入24g60%的乙酸水溶液,搅拌30-60分钟后,过滤,将滤液加入到容器A中;
(3)向容器A中加入红花茶油,随后容器A在30℃下加热30分钟,再升温至80℃加热2小时,自然降至室温;
(4)用100目纱布滤出药油,放入容器C;
(5)向容器C中加入凡士林后,将容器C升温至75℃加热45分钟后,向容器D中加入雄黄和密陀僧,继续控温在60℃搅拌10分钟后停止加热;
(7)将容器D密封,待自然将至室温后,放入0℃的环境下8小时后取出,即得皮炎用药膏。
测试例1
2008年-2017年间,将200例非感染性皮肤炎症患者,年龄均在18-55岁,男性88人,女性112人,随机分成4组,每组50人,各组之间年龄和性别无显著性差异。治疗组1使用测试例1中制得的药膏,治疗组2使用测试例2中制得的药膏,治疗组3使用测试例3中制得的药膏,治疗组4使用测试例4中制得的药膏。
治疗方式为每日在早中晚在患处涂抹3次,涂抹范围为皮肤损伤范围外2cm,涂抹前清洁皮肤。患者均嘱咐其尽量少食油炸、甜腻、辛辣之品,忌烟酒、浓茶、咖啡等刺激性物品。
疗效判定标准为:(1)显效为治疗3~7d后,患处皮肤干燥、光滑、无痂皮,瘙痒症状消失;(2)有效为治疗8~12d后,创面逐渐缩小,患处局部皮肤干燥,但尚未痊愈;(3)无效为治疗13d后尚无明显好转。总有效率=显效率+有效率。
治疗效果由下表所示:
显效人数 | 显效率 | 有效人数 | 总有效率 | |
治疗组1 | 22 | 44% | 14 | 72% |
治疗组2 | 28 | 56% | 10 | 76% |
治疗组3 | 32 | 64% | 11 | 86% |
治疗组4 | 40 | 80% | 7 | 94% |
由上表可知本发明在配方中用红花茶油(实施例2)比用山茶油(实施例1)有更好的治疗效果,制备时用60%的乙酸水溶液(实施例3)比用水(实施例2)有更好的治疗效果,同时,乙酸水溶液用量较多时(实施例4)比较少时(实施例3)也有更好的治疗效果。
综上所述,本发明提供了一种可以治疗皮炎的药膏,该药膏总有效率最高可达94%。
Claims (7)
1.一种皮炎用药膏,其特征在于,以重量份计包括以下原料:雄黄3-8份、白芷8-15份、密陀僧8-15份、五倍子5-10份、土荆皮8-15份、冰片3-8份、茶油15-30份、薄荷3-8份、凡士林15-30份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的皮炎用药膏,其特征在于,所述的茶油为山茶油、小果茶油和红花茶油中的任意一种。
3.根据权利要求2所述的皮炎用药膏,其特征在于,所述的薄荷为薄荷叶。
4.如权利要求1所述的皮炎用药膏的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将冰片、白芷、五倍子洗净后,捣烂,将所得的所有固体和液体全部加入容器A中;
(2)将土荆皮和薄荷洗净后加入到容器B中,加入溶剂,搅拌30-60分钟后,过滤,将滤液加入到容器A中;
所述溶剂的重量为茶油重量的50%-120%;
(3)向容器A中加入茶油,随后容器A在25-30℃下加热20-30分钟,再升温至60-80℃加热2-3小时,自然降至室温;
(4)用纱布滤出药油,放入容器C;
(5)向容器C中加入凡士林后,将容器C升温至50-80℃加热30-50分钟后,向容器D中加入雄黄和密陀僧,继续控温在50-80℃搅拌5-10分钟后停止加热;
(7)将容器D密封,待自然将至室温后,放入-10-0℃的环境下3-24小时后取出,即得皮炎用药膏。
5.根据权利要求4所述的皮炎用药膏的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的溶剂为乙酸水溶液或乙醇水溶液或水。
6.根据权利要求5所述的皮炎用药膏的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的乙酸水溶液为质量分数为10%-60%的乙酸水溶液。
7.根据权利要求5所述的皮炎用药膏的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的乙醇水溶液为质量分数为25%-75%的乙醇水溶液。
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