CN108684584A - 鲫鱼咸水化养殖方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了鲫鱼咸水化养殖方法,包括池塘、闸门、电机和主控装置;闸门设置在池塘靠近海的一侧,电机设置在闸门两侧的柱内,主控装置与电机电性连接,并设置在右侧闸门的柱上;闸门包括柱、固定挡板和移动挡板,固定挡板设置在柱的下部分,移动挡板与柱之间通过滑动结构连接,电机控制移动挡板进行上下移动,移动挡板的高度大于池塘的深度,固定挡板的高度大于池塘底部的深度;本发明提供了一种科学化咸水养殖,味道更鲜美,肉质更细腻且养殖更安全、健康的鲫鱼咸水化养殖方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及养殖领域,更涉及鲫鱼咸水化养殖方法。
背景技术
鲫鱼栖息于平原地区的江河湖泊,一般喜居于水的中下层和近岸多水草区域。性活泼,游泳迅速,常成群觅食。为典型的草食性鱼类。鲫鱼幼鱼期则食幼虫,藻类等,鲫鱼也吃一些荤食,如蚯蚓,蜻蜓等。在干流或湖泊的深水处越冬。生殖季节亲鱼有溯游习性。已移殖到亚、欧、美、非各洲的许多国家。因其生长迅速,饲料来源广,是中国淡水养殖的四大家鱼之一。
由于现在人们需要的量越来越多,这样许多的渔场都无法跟上产量,而有些又急于求成导致鱼的质量下降,非常的麻烦,并且伴随着人们需求的增加,对鲫鱼的要求也越来越高。
发明内容
本发明克服了现有技术的不足,提供了一种科学化咸水养殖,味道更鲜美,肉质更细腻且养殖更安全、健康的鲫鱼咸水化养殖方法。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明的技术方案如下:
鲫鱼咸水化养殖方法,包括池塘、闸门、电机和主控装置;闸门设置在池塘靠近海的一侧,电机设置在闸门两侧的柱内,主控装置与电机电性连接,并设置在右侧闸门的柱上;闸门包括柱、固定挡板和移动挡板,固定挡板设置在柱的下部分,移动挡板与柱之间通过滑动结构连接,电机控制移动挡板进行上下移动,移动挡板的高度大于池塘的深度,固定挡板的高度大于池塘底部的深度;具体使用步骤如下:
101)海水灌入步骤:通过电机控制移动挡板下移,促使海水进入池塘,灌入量达到池塘容量的1/7止;
102)初步稀释调和步骤:根据步骤101)然后通过电机控制移动挡板上移,持续灌入淡水,使其盐度在2.5%至3.0%之间,并放置一个半月,之后再次进行换水,将部分池塘内的水导出,再引进部分海水和淡水,使其盐度在0.8%至1.2%之间,再次进行放置,并重复此操作将池塘盐度控制在0.04%至0.08%之间;
103)再次调和步骤:根据步骤102)放置一个半月之后,投入鲫鱼鱼苗进行养殖,并且在养殖一个半月后,将部分池塘水导出,再灌入海水,以盐度表测量提升0.05%为标准,达到后则停止灌入,再进行养殖一个月后重复此操作,直到将池塘内的盐度表测量的池塘盐度达到0.31%至0.38%之间。
进一步的,还包括采用特制鲫鱼饲料,饲料按以下重量份的材料制成:蝉蛹粉5份,海带粉3份,金银花1份,EM菌0.2份,卵磷脂0.3份,虾粉8份,肉骨粉3份,小麦17份,大豆粕19份,植物酶解蛋白1.5份,甜菜碱0.5份,预混料4份。
进一步的,预混料按一下重量份的材料制成:何首乌1份、紫河车2份、佩兰1份、生地2份、骨碎补3份、积雪草5份、香附子4份、陈皮5份、红花6份、桔梗7份、杏仁7份、枸杞11份、葛根4份。
进一步的,池塘数量至少两个,并同时进行海水稀释,其中每次进行海水稀释操作时,都会先用生石灰进行池塘清洗,生石灰清塘包括养殖前的干清洗池塘和养殖时的带水清洗池塘;干清洗池塘为70-80千克/亩,养殖时的带水清洗池塘用量为10-15千克/亩;其中干清洗池塘至少需要十天以后才能继续下一步。
本发明相比现有技术优点在于:本发明设计简单、合理,实用性强,生产成本相对较低,极易推广使用。本发明养殖的鲫鱼生存率高,肉质细腻,鱼刺软化,口感极佳更易被大众接受。本发明养殖的鱼其因为养殖的特质饲料而十分健康,整体养殖过程无污染、无毒害,不会给养殖者制造多大的负担,而且池塘内设置有水流循环通道,来保障整体资源不会出现问题。
附图说明
图 1 为本发明的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进一步说明。
实施例:
如图1所示,鲫鱼咸水化养殖方法,包括池塘、闸门、电机和主控装置;闸门设置在池塘靠近海的一侧,电机设置在闸门两侧的柱内,主控装置与电机电性连接,并设置在右侧闸门的柱上;闸门包括柱、固定挡板和移动挡板,固定挡板设置在柱的下部分,移动挡板与柱之间通过滑动结构连接,电机控制移动挡板进行上下移动,移动挡板的高度大于池塘的深度,固定挡板的高度大于池塘底部的深度。这将整体上更加稳固,控制便捷,且使用寿命长,投资不高。通过主控装置来控制电机运作,从而高效控制整个闸门。其中建立池塘至少两个,为一号池塘和二号池塘,池塘的面积是相同的,然后在两个池塘之间连接两个连通管,在连通管与池塘连接处设立隔离板与隔离网;连通管内设立水流净化机,并且每一个星期清理一次,建立两个池塘不仅能起到水流循环使用,而且更好的保障了池塘盐度的平衡。对池塘营养成分也有着很好的平衡作用,可以及时根据需要进行调整。池塘在同时进行海水稀释时,其中每次进行海水稀释操作时,都会先用生石灰进行池塘清洗,生石灰清塘包括养殖前的干清洗池塘和养殖时的带水清洗池塘;干清洗池塘为70-80千克/亩,养殖时的带水清洗池塘用量为10-15千克/亩;其中干清洗池塘至少需要十天以后才能继续下一步。
具体养殖使用步骤如下:
101)海水灌入步骤:由主控装置通过电机控制移动挡板下移,促使海水进入池塘,灌入量达到池塘容量的1/7止,为后续稀释海水盐度做准备。
102)初步稀释调和步骤:根据步骤101)然后通过电机控制移动挡板上移,持续灌入淡水,使其盐度在2.5%至3.0%之间,并放置一个半月,之后再次进行换水,将部分池塘内的水导出,再引进部分海水和淡水,使其盐度在0.8%至1.2%之间,再次进行放置,并重复此操作将池塘盐度控制在0.04%至0.08%之间。使其盐度降到很低,保证鲫鱼一定能适应。
103)再次调和步骤:根据步骤102)放置一个半月之后,投入鲫鱼鱼苗进行养殖,并且在养殖两个半月后,将部分池塘水导出,再灌入海水,以盐度表测量提升0.05%为标准,达到后则停止灌入,再进行养殖两个半月后重复此操作,直到将池塘内的盐度表测量的池塘盐度达到0.31%至0.38%之间。此中喂食将让鲫鱼逐步适应盐度的提成,确保其能更多的适应和存活,其中在养殖过程中多个池塘之间的水是循环的,避免局部出现水质问题。之后达到此盐度后,鲫鱼一直处于该环境下养殖。
在养殖鲫鱼时,还将采用特制鲫鱼饲料,鲫鱼饲料每天8:00和16:00这两个时辰进行投放,投放的量为养殖鱼体重的2%。饲料按以下重量份的材料制成:蝉蛹粉5份,海带粉3份,金银花1份,EM菌0.2份,卵磷脂0.3份,虾粉8份,肉骨粉3份,小麦17份,大豆粕19份,植物酶解蛋白1.5份,甜菜碱0.5份,预混料4份。预混料按一下重量份的材料制成:何首乌1份、紫河车2份、佩兰1份、生地2份、骨碎补3份、积雪草5份、香附子4份、陈皮5份、红花6份、桔梗7份、杏仁7份、枸杞11份、葛根4份。
对照例1 其养殖除了水质采用淡水,饲料采用常规饲料,本例采用山东水产学校研制的73-1号颗粒饲料配方。
名称 | 实施例 | 对照例2 |
成活率 | 32% | 13% |
一龄鲫鱼平均重量 | 55g-65g | 45g-55g |
口感 | 口感爽口、鱼刺软、肉质鲜嫩 | 口感爽口、鱼刺硬 |
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明保护范围内。
Claims (4)
1.鲫鱼咸水化养殖方法,其特征在于:包括池塘、闸门、电机和主控装置;闸门设置在池塘靠近海的一侧,电机设置在闸门两侧的柱内,主控装置与电机电性连接,并设置在右侧闸门的柱上;闸门包括柱、固定挡板和移动挡板,固定挡板设置在柱的下部分,移动挡板与柱之间通过滑动结构连接,电机控制移动挡板进行上下移动,移动挡板的高度大于池塘的深度,固定挡板的高度大于池塘底部的深度;具体使用步骤如下:
101)海水灌入步骤:通过电机控制移动挡板下移,促使海水进入池塘,灌入量达到池塘容量的1/7止;
102)初步稀释调和步骤:根据步骤101)然后通过电机控制移动挡板上移,持续灌入淡水,使其盐度在2.5%至3.0%之间,并放置一个半月,之后再次进行换水,将部分池塘内的水导出,再引进部分海水和淡水,使其盐度在0.8%至1.2%之间,再次进行放置,并重复此操作将池塘盐度控制在0.04%至0.08%之间;
103)再次调和步骤:根据步骤102)放置一个半月之后,投入鲫鱼鱼苗进行养殖,并且在养殖一个半月后,将部分池塘水导出,再灌入海水,以盐度表测量提升0.05%为标准,达到后则停止灌入,再进行养殖一个月后重复此操作,直到将池塘内的盐度表测量的池塘盐度达到0.31%至0.38%之间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的鲫鱼咸水化养殖方法,其特征在于:还包括采用特制鲫鱼饲料,饲料按以下重量份的材料制成:蝉蛹粉5份,海带粉3份,金银花1份,EM菌0.2份,卵磷脂0.3份,虾粉8份,肉骨粉3份,小麦17份,大豆粕19份,植物酶解蛋白1.5份,甜菜碱0.5份,预混料4份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的鲫鱼咸水化养殖方法,其特征在于:预混料按一下重量份的材料制成:何首乌1份、紫河车2份、佩兰1份、生地2份、骨碎补3份、积雪草5份、香附子4份、陈皮5份、红花6份、桔梗7份、杏仁7份、枸杞11份、葛根4份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的鲫鱼咸水化养殖方法,其特征在于:池塘数量至少两个,并同时进行海水稀释,其中每次进行海水稀释操作时,都会先用生石灰进行池塘清洗,生石灰清塘包括养殖前的干清洗池塘和养殖时的带水清洗池塘;干清洗池塘为70-80千克/亩,养殖时的带水清洗池塘用量为10-15千克/亩;其中干清洗池塘至少需要十天以后才能继续下一步。
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