CN108684278A - Intelligent fertilizer distributing methods, devices and systems - Google Patents
Intelligent fertilizer distributing methods, devices and systems Download PDFInfo
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- CN108684278A CN108684278A CN201710221914.4A CN201710221914A CN108684278A CN 108684278 A CN108684278 A CN 108684278A CN 201710221914 A CN201710221914 A CN 201710221914A CN 108684278 A CN108684278 A CN 108684278A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/007—Determining fertilization requirements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
- G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
- G06Q10/0631—Resource planning, allocation, distributing or scheduling for enterprises or organisations
- G06Q10/06315—Needs-based resource requirements planning or analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/02—Agriculture; Fishing; Mining
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Intelligent fertilizer distributing methods, devices and systems, belong to fertile field.This method includes receiving terminal apparatus transmission with fertile solicited message;Soil nutrient detected value, pH value, landform, soil property, fertilising custom and/or historical yield are obtained according to location information;Soil nurtient supply quantity is calculated according to soil nutrient detected value;Nutrient demand amount is obtained according to crop information;Nutrient amount of application is calculated according to nutrient demand amount and soil nurtient supply quantity;Standard fertilizer formula and standard manuring amount are calculated according to nutrient amount of application and fertilizer raw material;It is adjusted according to pH value, landform, soil property, fertilising custom and/or historical yield, obtains practical fertilizer formula and practical dose and be sent to terminal device.The present invention realizes Tree Precise Fertilization, reduces agriculture production cost, increases farmers' income;Precision agriculture, the modernization of wisdom agricultural are greatly advanced, ensures agricultural sustainable development.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fertile field, a kind of Intelligent fertilizer distributing methods, devices and systems are particularly related to.
Background technology
In agricultural development process, chemical fertilizer, which is grain fertilizer increase harvest, huge effect, but chemical fertilizer is excessive, unreasonable
The problems such as being declined using the wasting of resources, environmental pollution, farmland quality of initiation is come one after another.
In December, 2004"Overall productivity in agriculture improves about rural work is further strengthened in the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, State Council
The opinion of several policies"Implement " fertile soil engineering " plan, promote Formula fertilization by soil testing and start, country puts into effect each in succession later
Kind policy promotes fertilization compositions based on earth measurement work, to solve the problems, such as the rational application of fertilizer.The fertilization compositions based on earth measurement formulated according to the Ministry of Agriculture
Specification, fertilization compositions based on earth measurement be based on manuring field trial and soil testing, on the basis of Rational Application organic fertilizer,
It is proposed application kind, quantity, Dressing date and the method for administration of the fertilizer such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and middle and trace element.
Crop-planting extensive management, crop species are various in existing agricultural production, peasant planting management profrssion technology is deficient,
It is badly in need of the technological guidance of agricultural experts., professional skill field limitation insufficient with expert team's resource and time, cannot be satisfied peasant
Demand.It is difficult to realize precision agriculture, the modernization of wisdom agricultural.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of Intelligent fertilizer distributing methods, devices and systems, and the present invention realizes Tree Precise Fertilization, and it is raw to reduce agricultural
Cost is produced, is increased farmers' income;Precision agriculture, the modernization of wisdom agricultural are greatly advanced, ensures agriculture sustainable development
Exhibition.
In order to solve the above technical problems, present invention offer technical solution is as follows:
A kind of Intelligent fertilizer distributing method, including:
Step 10:What receiving terminal apparatus was sent matches fertile solicited message, and the fertilizer solicited message of matching includes crop information
And location information;
Step 20:Obtain according to the positional information the soil nutrient detected value in corresponding with location information plot, pH value,
Landform, soil property, fertilising custom and/or historical yield;
Step 30:The soil nurtient supply quantity in current plot is calculated according to the soil nutrient detected value;
Step 40:The nutrient demand amount of the crops is obtained according to the crop information;
Step 50:Nutrient amount of application is calculated according to the nutrient demand amount and soil nurtient supply quantity;
Step 60:Standard fertilizer formula and standard manuring amount are calculated according to the nutrient amount of application and fertilizer raw material;
Step 70:According to the pH value, landform, soil property, fertilising custom and/or historical yield to the standard fertilizer formula
It is adjusted with standard manuring amount, obtains practical fertilizer formula and practical dose;
Step 80:The practical fertilizer formula and practical dose are sent to the terminal device.
Further, the soil nurtient supply quantity=soil quality deterioration * available nutrient of soil correction coefficient * soil is supported
Sorting measured value * soil nutrient conversion coefficients, wherein:0.14≤soil quality deterioration≤0.16;The available nutrient of soil correction
Coefficient, which is the nutrient contained in soil, can be absorbed by crops the ratio utilized;The soil nutrient conversion coefficient is examined for soil nutrient
The quality accounting of N, P in measured value, K element, conversion become N, P2O5,K2The quality accounting of O;
The nutrient demand amount=target output * specific yield nutrients uptake amounts, the specific yield nutrients uptake amounts are
Crops often produce the nutrient quantity that a specific yield is absorbed;
The nutrient amount of application=(nutrient demand amount-soil nurtient supply quantity)/(fertilizer nutrient content * fertilizer utilizations
Rate), the utilization rate of fertilizer is after incorporation of fertilizerin the soil, the amount of nutrients that crops this season is absorbed and utilized accounts for applied total nutrient content
Percentage.
Further, the practical fertilizer formula=standard fertilizer formula * [100%+ (pH value adjustment coefficient -100%)+
(historical yield adjustment factor -100%)+(the first adjustment factor -100% of fertilising custom)+(the first adjustment factor of soil property -
100%) ].
Further, when 6.5≤pH value≤7, pH value adjustment coefficient=100%, as 5≤pH value < 6.5, PH
Value often reduces 0.1, and the pH value adjustment coefficient of nitrogen improves 0-1%, and the pH value adjustment coefficient of P elements improves 1-5%, potassium member
The pH value adjustment coefficient of element improves 0-1%;When 7 < pH values≤8, pH value often increases by 0.1, and the pH value adjustment coefficient of nitrogen carries
The pH value adjustment coefficient of high 1-5%, P elements improve 0-1%, and the pH value adjustment coefficient of potassium element improves 0-1.2%;
The historical yield adjustment factor=actual history yield/standard fertilizer formula test theoretical yield;
If fertilising custom is single fertilization, the fertilising of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element is accustomed to the first adjustment factor and is respectively
130%-160%, 100%-110%, 110%-120%;If fertilising custom, which is base fertilizer, adds nitrogen top dressing, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element
Fertilising custom adjustment factor is respectively 100%, 100%-110%, 110%-115%;
If soil property is sandy soil, the first adjustment factor of the soil property is 110%-150%;It is described if soil property is clay
The first adjustment factor of soil property is 85%-97%.
Further, the practical dose=standard manuring amount * [100%+ (the second adjustment factor -100% of soil property)+
(landform adjustment factor -100%)+(- 100%) ] of fertilising the second adjustment factor of custom;.
Further, if fertilising custom is single fertilization, the second adjustment factor of custom of applying fertilizer is 120%-150%;
If fertilising custom, which is base fertilizer, adds nitrogen top dressing, the second adjustment factor of custom of applying fertilizer is 95%-100%;
If soil property is sandy soil, the second adjustment factor of soil property is 110%-170%;If soil property is clay, soil property second
Adjustment factor is 85%-99%;
The landform adjustment factor=(gradient/90 °/10) * 100%+100%.
Further, the method further includes:
Step 11:The soil summary information in plot corresponding with the location information, the soil are obtained according to the positional information
Earth summary information includes the soil texture and basic nutrient content;
Step 12:The nutrient demand in plot corresponding with the location information is obtained according to the crop information and location information
Summary information, the nutrient demand summary information includes demand and demand period;
Step 31:Judge that the nutrient content of soil is rich according to the soil nurtient supply quantity to lack, obtains soil nutrient analysis
Summary information;
Step 71:Fertilising is determined according to the practical fertilizer formula and practical dose and/or the location information
Managed Solution determines crop management scheme according to crop information;
Step 72:By the soil summary information, nutrient demand summary information, soil nutrient analysis summary information, fertilising
Managed Solution and crop management scheme are sent to the terminal device.
A kind of Intelligent fertilizer distributing device, including:
It is described with fertile solicited message for receiving terminal apparatus transmission with fertile solicited message with fertile request receiving module
Including crop information and location information;
Soil data acquisition module, the soil for obtaining plot corresponding with the location information according to the positional information are supported
Sorting measured value, pH value, landform, soil property, fertilising custom and/or historical yield;
Soil nurtient supply quantity computing module, the soil for calculating current plot according to the soil nutrient detected value are supported
Divide supply;
Nutrient demand amount acquisition module, the nutrient demand amount for obtaining the crops according to the crop information;
Nutrient amount of application computing module, for calculating nutrient application according to the nutrient demand amount and soil nurtient supply quantity
Amount;
Formula and calculation of fertilization amount module are matched for calculating standard fertilizer according to the nutrient amount of application and fertilizer raw material
Side and standard manuring amount;
Adjustment module, for fertile to the standard according to the pH value, landform, soil property, fertilising custom and/or historical yield
Material formula and standard manuring amount are adjusted, and obtain practical fertilizer formula and practical dose;
First sending module, for the practical fertilizer formula and practical dose to be sent to the terminal device.
Further, described device further includes:
Soil summary information acquisition module, the soil for obtaining plot corresponding with the location information according to the positional information
Earth summary information, the soil summary information include the soil texture and basic nutrient content;
Nutrient demand summary information acquisition module, for being obtained and the position according to the crop information and location information
Information corresponds to the nutrient demand summary information in plot, and the nutrient demand summary information includes demand and demand period;
Soil nutrient analyzes summary information acquisition module, the nutrient for judging soil according to the soil nurtient supply quantity
Content is rich to be lacked, and soil nutrient analysis summary information is obtained;
Fertilising and crop management scheme acquisition module, for according to the practical fertilizer formula and practical dose, with
And/or location information described in person determines fertilizing management scheme, and crop management scheme is determined according to crop information;
Second sending module, for summarizing the soil summary information, nutrient demand summary information, soil nutrient analysis
Information, fertilizing management scheme and crop management scheme are sent to the terminal device.
A kind of Intelligent fertilizer distributing system, including the Intelligent fertilizer distributing device described in terminal device, fertilizer compounding machine and claim 8 or 9,
The terminal device and fertilizer compounding machine are connect with the Intelligent fertilizer distributing device signal, wherein:
The terminal device includes:
It is described with fertilizer request for being sent to the Intelligent fertilizer distributing device with fertile solicited message with fertile request sending module
Information includes crop information and location information;
First receiving module, for receiving the practical fertilizer formula and practical dose that the Intelligent fertilizer distributing device is sent;
Second receiving module, for receiving soil summary information, the nutrient demand general introduction that the Intelligent fertilizer distributing device is sent
Information and soil nutrient analyze summary information;
The fertilizer compounding machine is used to produce fertilizer according to practical fertilizer formula and practical dose.
The invention has the advantages that:
The present invention is sent to management platform with fertile solicited message by terminal device, and management platform is according to fertile solicited message
In location information obtain the soil nutrient detected value in correspondings with location information plot, pH value, landform, soil property, apply fertilizer and be accustomed to
And/or the data such as historical yield, and calculate soil nurtient supply quantity according to these data;Then management platform is according to fertilizer request
Crop information in information obtains the nutrient demand amount of the crops;Further according to nutrient demand amount and soil nurtient supply quantity meter
Nutrient amount of application is calculated, and standard fertilizer formula and standard manuring amount are calculated according to nutrient amount of application and fertilizer raw material;Finally lead to
It crosses pH value, landform, soil property, fertilising custom and/or historical yield to be adjusted standard fertilizer formula and standard manuring amount, obtain
Final formula and dosage, and it is sent to terminal device.
The present invention can be directed to specific crops and specific plot personalized ground customized fertilizer formula and dosage, and this hair
Bright other data considered except soil nutrient detected value, formula and dosage are accurate, and it is suitable to be recommended according to crop demand
The best fertilizer formula and fertilizer practice scheme of crop.The present invention realizes Tree Precise Fertilization, reduces the face caused by excess fertilizer
It pollutes in source.Agriculture production cost is reduced simultaneously, is increased farmers' income;Greatly advance the modernization of precision agriculture, wisdom agricultural
Process ensures agricultural sustainable development.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the Intelligent fertilizer distributing method flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the Intelligent fertilizer distributing schematic device of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the Intelligent fertilizer distributing system schematic of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
To keep the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical solution and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing and tool
Body embodiment is described in detail.
On the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of Intelligent fertilizer distributing method, as shown in Figure 1, including:
Step 10:What receiving terminal apparatus was sent matches fertile solicited message, includes crop information and position with fertile solicited message
Confidence ceases.
In this step, terminal device includes mobile phone, PAD and PC machine etc., user first installed on mobile phone or PAD app or
Enter management platform website on mobile phone, PAD or PC, registered members simultaneously log in.Crops, crops are selected according to picture or word
It is a variety of including grain, cotton and oil, water fruits and vegetables three categories;And select position or automatic positioning position.And by crop information and position
Information is used as is sent to management platform with fertile solicited message, and management platform is the formula fertilizer pin based on internet, Internet of Things construction
The system sell, managed is deployed in server or high in the clouds.
Management platform is according to fertile solicited message, automatic positioning user region;It accesses again, last selection
Area.
Step 20:According to location information obtain the soil nutrient detected value in corresponding with location information plot, pH value,
Shape, soil property, fertilising custom and/or historical yield.
Soil nutrient detected value includes nitrogen in soil (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) element, organic matter and micro member in other
The content of element, landform refer to flatness and the gradient in soil etc., and fertilising custom includes that single fertilization and base fertilizer add nitrogen top dressing
Etc. multiple fertilization mode.
Step 30:The soil nurtient supply quantity in current plot is calculated according to soil nutrient detected value.In this step, according to soil
Earth nutrient detected value calculates soil and is capable of providing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element and the amount micro- in other absorbed to crop, i.e.,
For soil nurtient supply quantity.In this step, N, P, K element soil nurtient supply quantity with N, P2O5,K2O is indicated.
Step 40:The nutrient of the crops is obtained according to crop information (including crop specie, the data such as growth period)
Demand.The amount of nutrients that crops need when nutrient demand amount is target output to be reached.
Step 50:Nutrient amount of application is calculated according to nutrient demand amount and soil nurtient supply quantity.Nutrient amount of application is to reach
The amount of nutrients applied into soil when to target output.
Step 60:Standard fertilizer formula and standard manuring amount are calculated according to nutrient amount of application and fertilizer raw material.Fertilizer is
By raw material as the raw material ratios such as granular urea, phosphoric acid diamines, potassium chloride or potassium sulfate obtain, it is not in fertilizer
The nutrient that can be all absorbed by crops needs nutrient being converted into raw material ratio, obtains standard fertilizer formula and standard is applied
Fertilizer amount.
Step 70:Standard fertilizer formula and standard are applied according to pH value, landform, soil property, fertilising custom and/or historical yield
Fertilizer amount is adjusted, and obtains practical fertilizer formula and practical dose.Tradition with fertile method only consider soil N P, K and in
Trace element does not account for the pH value of soil, and soil property, landform, crop historical yield and peasant's fertilising custom etc. cause with fertilizer not
Accurately, Peasants in Scientific cannot be instructed to apply fertilizer.This step is according to pH value, landform, soil property, fertilising custom and/or historical yield to matching
Side and dosage are modified, and can be met above-mentioned accurate with fertilizer and the purpose for instructing Peasants in Scientific to apply fertilizer.
Step 80:Practical fertilizer formula and practical dose are sent to terminal device, so that user according to formula and uses
Amount buys corresponding fertilizer.
The present invention is sent to management platform with fertile solicited message by terminal device, and management platform is according to fertile solicited message
In location information obtain the soil nutrient detected value in correspondings with location information plot, pH value, landform, soil property, apply fertilizer and be accustomed to
And/or the data such as historical yield, and calculate soil nurtient supply quantity according to these data;Then management platform is according to fertilizer request
Crop information in information obtains the nutrient demand amount of the crops;Further according to nutrient demand amount and soil nurtient supply quantity meter
Nutrient amount of application is calculated, and standard fertilizer formula and standard manuring amount are calculated according to nutrient amount of application and fertilizer raw material;Finally lead to
It crosses pH value, landform, soil property, fertilising custom and/or historical yield to be adjusted standard fertilizer formula and standard manuring amount, obtain
Final formula and dosage, and it is sent to terminal device.
The present invention can be directed to specific crops and specific plot personalized ground customized fertilizer formula and dosage, and this hair
Bright other data considered except soil nutrient detected value, formula and dosage are accurate, and it is suitable to be recommended according to crop demand
The best fertilizer formula and fertilizer practice scheme of crop.The present invention realizes Tree Precise Fertilization, reduces the face caused by excess fertilizer
It pollutes in source.Agriculture production cost is reduced simultaneously, is increased farmers' income;Greatly advance the modernization of precision agriculture, wisdom agricultural
Process ensures agricultural sustainable development.
As an improvement of the present invention, soil nurtient supply quantity=soil quality deterioration * available nutrients of soil correction system
Number * soil nutrient detected value * soil nutrient conversion coefficients, wherein:0.14≤soil quality deterioration≤0.16;The available nutrient of soil
Correction coefficient, which is the nutrient contained in soil, can be absorbed by crops the ratio utilized;Soil nutrient conversion coefficient is examined for soil nutrient
The quality accounting of N, P in measured value, K element, conversion become N, P2O5,K2The quality accounting of O, such as soil nurtient supply quantity N, P, K
Respectively a, b, c are converted into N, P2O5,K2O is then a, 2.291b, 1.205c.
Soil quality deterioration is preferably 0.15, is calculated by 150000kg with topsoil soils quality per acre, and soil nutrient measures
Value unit is that mg/kg is multiplied by soil quality deterioration 0.15 if soil nutrient value is converted into kg.
Nutrient demand amount=target output * specific yield nutrients uptake amounts, specific yield nutrients uptake amounts are that crops are every
The nutrient quantity that one specific yield of production is absorbed (such as 100kg).
This part crop target output and crop specific yield nutrients uptake amounts read the current crop data of backstage configuration
Information.It illustrates:Crop specific yield nutrients uptake amounts:Rice often forms 100kg yield and needs 2.1~2.4kg of nitrogen, phosphorus
0.9~1.3kg, 2.1~3.3kg of potassium.
Nutrient amount of application=(nutrient demand amount-soil nurtient supply quantity)/(fertilizer nutrient content * utilization rate of fertilizer), fertilizer
Expect utilization rate be incorporation of fertilizerin the soil after, the amount of nutrients that crops this season is absorbed and utilized accounts for the percentage of applied total nutrient content, it
It is a parameter, changes because soil fertility, weather conditions, tillage method, dose etc. change;Fertilizer nutrient content is
Nutrient in fertilizer accounts for the ratio of fertilizer total amount.
Target output, specific yield nutrients uptake amounts, available nutrient of soil correction coefficient, utilization rate of fertilizer are all in accordance with each area
Domain field trial obtains.
Further, practical fertilizer formula=standard fertilizer formula * [100%+ (pH value adjustment coefficient -100%)+(history
Production adjustment coefficient -100%)+(the first adjustment factor -100% of fertilising custom)+(- 100%) ] of the first adjustment factor of soil property;.
Preferably, when 6.5≤pH value≤7, pH value adjustment coefficient=100%, as 5≤pH value < 6.5, pH value often subtracts
Few 0.1, the pH value adjustment coefficient of nitrogen improves 0-1%, and the pH value adjustment coefficient of P elements improves 1-5%, the PH of potassium element
It is worth adjustment factor and improves 0-1%, as pH value < 5, it is recommended to use basic soil conditioner, when 7 < pH values≤8, pH value often increases
Add 0.1, the pH value adjustment coefficient of nitrogen improves 1-5%, and the pH value adjustment coefficient of P elements improves 0-1%, the PH of potassium element
It is worth adjustment factor and improves 0-1.2%, as PHZhi >When 8, it is recommended to use acidic soil conditioner.
Historical yield adjustment factor=actual history yield/standard fertilizer formula test theoretical yield.
If fertilising custom is single fertilization, the fertilising of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element is accustomed to the first adjustment factor and is respectively
130%-160%, 100%-110%, 110%-120%;If fertilising custom, which is base fertilizer, adds the multiple fertilization mode such as nitrogen top dressing,
It is respectively 100%, 100%-110%, 110%-115% that adjustment factor is accustomed in the fertilising of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element.
If soil property is sandy soil, the first adjustment factor of soil property is 110%-150%;If soil property is clay, soil property first
Adjustment factor is 85%-97%.
Further, practical dose=standard manuring amount * [100%+ (the second adjustment factor -100% of soil property)+(landform
Adjustment factor -100%)+(- 100%) ] of fertilising the second adjustment factor of custom;.
Preferably, if fertilising custom is single fertilization, the second adjustment factor of custom of applying fertilizer is 120%-150%;If
Fertilising custom is that base fertilizer adds the multiple fertilization mode such as nitrogen top dressing, then the second adjustment factor of custom of applying fertilizer is 95%-100%.
If soil property is sandy soil, the second adjustment factor of soil property is 110%-170%;If soil property is clay, soil property second
Adjustment factor is 85%-95%.
Landform adjustment factor=(gradient/90 °/10) * 100%+100%..
Another as the present invention improves, and this method further includes:
Step 11:The soil summary information in plot corresponding with the location information is obtained according to location information, soil summarizes letter
Breath includes the soil texture and basic nutrient content.
The present invention obtains soil texture situation and the analysis of basic nutrient content of localization region, not only shows the water conservation of soil
Fertilizer conservation performance, further includes the organic matter, a great number of elements, middle micronutrient levels situation of soil, and the information such as acid-base property of soil are
The plantation of crop, choosing for agricultural material product provide important reference.The same data message is all from domestic and international authoritative expert group
Achievement in research converts.
Step 12:The nutrient demand that plot corresponding with the location information is obtained according to crop information and location information is summarized
Information, nutrient demand summary information include demand and demand period.
The present invention reads all village information of background maintenance, configuration when the soil section of preceding crop is universal needs fertilizer information.
The nutrient demand amount of crop, demand period data information take by domestic and international plant nutrient scholar expert panel by experimental study
.
Step 31:Judge that the nutrient content of soil is rich according to soil nurtient supply quantity to lack, obtains soil nutrient analysis and summarize
Information.
Step 71:Fertilizing management side is determined according to practical fertilizer formula and practical dose and/or location information
Case determines crop management scheme according to crop information.In the present invention, pass through location information, " practical fertilizer formula and reality
Either one or two of dose " the two determines that fertilizing management scheme, fertilizing management scheme include fertilizing time, fertilising dosage
With points for attention etc. of applying fertilizer.The characteristics of crop management scheme includes each growth period of crops, fertilizer requirement and manager
Method etc., it is known that user applies fertilizer and management.
Step 72:By soil summary information, nutrient demand summary information, soil nutrient analysis summary information, fertilizing management
Scheme and crop management scheme are sent to terminal device.
Management platform calls country to survey native big data or call by surveying native information data according to automatic positioning geographical coordinate
Interaction platform realizes the database data of real-time update, formulates crop-planting management database and realizes information back, record, total
It enjoys, can recycle.The present invention can efficiently use Minister Agriculture of China's whole nation overall survey of soil Soil K+adsorption big data, simultaneously
The present invention can include the real-time Soil K+adsorption data of each user and be updated, further utilize.
In addition, the present invention can also be provided according to customer position information and crop information Crops in Applying Fertilizer points for attention,
Cultivate administration scheme.The present invention integrates local soil, Crop Information provides crop-planting process whole process control scheme, including user
The information such as the soil basal conditions in location, the Cultivate administration scheme of crop, best fertilizer applications.
After determining formula and dosage, user orders fertilizer by terminal device, and after ordering successfully, management platform notice is matched
Fertile machine production.
The present invention it is easy to operate, can it is convenient and efficient, professional, comprehensively choose fertilizer.The present invention links customization simultaneously and matches
Side's fertilizer business chain and the means of agricultural production choose business chain, are provided according to system information and peasant household's demand, meet the specific requirements of peasant household.
On the other hand, the present invention provides a kind of Intelligent fertilizer distributing device 1, and Intelligent fertilizer distributing device of the invention is server or pipe
Platform, as shown in Fig. 2, including:
With fertile request receiving module 101, match fertile solicited message for what receiving terminal apparatus was sent, with fertile request packet
Include crop information and location information.
Soil data acquisition module 102, the soil for obtaining plot corresponding with the location information according to location information are supported
Sorting measured value, pH value, landform, soil property, fertilising custom and/or historical yield.
Soil nurtient supply quantity computing module 103, the soil for calculating current plot according to soil nutrient detected value are supported
Divide supply.
Nutrient demand amount acquisition module 104, the nutrient demand amount for obtaining the crops according to crop information.
Nutrient amount of application computing module 105, for calculating nutrient application according to nutrient demand amount and soil nurtient supply quantity
Amount.
Formula and calculation of fertilization amount module 106 are matched for calculating standard fertilizer according to nutrient amount of application and fertilizer raw material
Side and standard manuring amount.
Adjustment module 107, for being matched to standard fertilizer according to pH value, landform, soil property, fertilising custom and/or historical yield
Side and standard manuring amount are adjusted, and obtain practical fertilizer formula and practical dose.
First sending module 108, for practical fertilizer formula and practical dose to be sent to terminal device.
The present invention can be directed to specific crops and specific plot personalized ground customized fertilizer formula and dosage, and this hair
Bright other data considered except soil nutrient detected value, formula and dosage are accurate, and it is suitable to be recommended according to crop demand
The best fertilizer formula and fertilizer practice scheme of crop.The present invention realizes Tree Precise Fertilization, reduces the face caused by excess fertilizer
It pollutes in source.Agriculture production cost is reduced simultaneously, is increased farmers' income;Greatly advance the modernization of precision agriculture, wisdom agricultural
Process ensures agricultural sustainable development.
As an improvement of the present invention, soil nurtient supply quantity=soil quality deterioration * available nutrients of soil correction system
Number * soil nutrient detected value * soil nutrient conversion coefficients, wherein:0.14≤soil quality deterioration≤0.16;The available nutrient of soil
Correction coefficient, which is the nutrient contained in soil, can be absorbed by crops the ratio utilized;Soil nutrient conversion coefficient is examined for soil nutrient
The quality accounting of N, P in measured value, K element, conversion become N, P2O5,K2The quality accounting of O, such as soil nurtient supply quantity N, P, K
Respectively a, b, c are converted into N, P2O5,K2O is then a, 2.291b, 1.205c.
Soil quality deterioration is preferably 0.15, is calculated by 150000kg with topsoil soils quality per acre, and soil nutrient measures
Value unit is that mg/kg is multiplied by soil quality deterioration 0.15 if soil nutrient value is converted into kg.
Nutrient demand amount=target output * specific yield nutrients uptake amounts, specific yield nutrients uptake amounts are that crops are every
The nutrient quantity that one specific yield of production is absorbed (such as 100kg).
This part crop target output and crop specific yield nutrients uptake amounts read the current crop data of backstage configuration
Information.It illustrates:Crop specific yield nutrients uptake amounts:Rice often forms 100kg yield and needs 2.1~2.4kg of nitrogen, phosphorus
0.9~1.3kg, 2.1~3.3kg of potassium.
Nutrient amount of application=(nutrient demand amount-soil nurtient supply quantity)/(fertilizer nutrient content * utilization rate of fertilizer), fertilizer
Expect utilization rate be incorporation of fertilizerin the soil after, the amount of nutrients that crops this season is absorbed and utilized accounts for the percentage of applied total nutrient content, it
It is a parameter, changes because soil fertility, weather conditions, tillage method, dose etc. change;Fertilizer nutrient content is
Nutrient in fertilizer accounts for the ratio of fertilizer total amount.
Target output, specific yield nutrients uptake amounts, available nutrient of soil correction coefficient, utilization rate of fertilizer are all in accordance with each area
Domain field trial obtains.
Further, practical fertilizer formula=standard fertilizer formula * [100%+ (pH value adjustment coefficient -100%)+(history
Production adjustment coefficient -100%)+(the first adjustment factor -100% of fertilising custom)+(- 100%) ] of the first adjustment factor of soil property;.
Preferably, when 6.5≤pH value≤7, pH value adjustment coefficient=100%, as 5≤pH value < 6.5, pH value often subtracts
Few 0.1, the pH value adjustment coefficient of nitrogen improves 0-1%, and the pH value adjustment coefficient of P elements improves 1-5%, the PH of potassium element
It is worth adjustment factor and improves 0-1%, as pH value < 5, it is recommended to use basic soil conditioner, when 7 < pH values≤8, pH value often increases
Add 0.1, the pH value adjustment coefficient of nitrogen improves 1-5%, and the pH value adjustment coefficient of P elements improves 0-1%, the PH of potassium element
It is worth adjustment factor and improves 0-1.2%, as PHZhi >When 8, it is recommended to use acidic soil conditioner.
Historical yield adjustment factor=actual history yield/standard fertilizer formula test theoretical yield.
If fertilising custom is single fertilization, the fertilising of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element is accustomed to the first adjustment factor and is respectively
130%-160%, 100%-110%, 110%-120%;If fertilising custom, which is base fertilizer, adds the multiple fertilization mode such as nitrogen top dressing,
It is respectively 100%, 100%-110%, 110%-115% that adjustment factor is accustomed in the fertilising of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element.
If soil property is sandy soil, the first adjustment factor of soil property is 110%-150%;If soil property is clay, soil property first
Adjustment factor is 85%-97%.
Further, practical dose=standard manuring amount * [100%+ (the second adjustment factor -100% of soil property)+(landform
Adjustment factor -100%)+(- 100%) ] of fertilising the second adjustment factor of custom;.
Preferably, if fertilising custom is single fertilization, the second adjustment factor of custom of applying fertilizer is 120%-150%;If
Fertilising custom is that base fertilizer adds the multiple fertilization mode such as nitrogen top dressing, then the second adjustment factor of custom of applying fertilizer is 95%-100%.
If soil property is sandy soil, the second adjustment factor of soil property is 110%-170%;If soil property is clay, soil property second
Adjustment factor is 85%-95%.
Landform adjustment factor=(gradient/90 °/10) * 100%+100%..
Another as the present invention improves, which further includes:
Soil summary information acquisition module, the soil for obtaining plot corresponding with the location information according to location information are general
Information is stated, soil summary information includes the soil texture and basic nutrient content.
Nutrient demand summary information acquisition module, for being obtained and the location information according to crop information and location information
The nutrient demand summary information in corresponding plot, nutrient demand summary information includes demand and demand period.
Soil nutrient analyzes summary information acquisition module, the nutrient content for judging soil according to soil nurtient supply quantity
It is rich to lack, obtain soil nutrient analysis summary information.
Fertilising and crop management scheme acquisition module are used for according to practical fertilizer formula and practical dose, and/or
Person's location information determines fertilizing management scheme, and crop management scheme is determined according to crop information.
Second sending module, for letter to be summarized in soil summary information, nutrient demand summary information, soil nutrient analysis
Breath, fertilizing management scheme and crop management scheme are sent to terminal device.
The present invention it is easy to operate, can it is convenient and efficient, professional, comprehensively choose fertilizer.The present invention links customization simultaneously and matches
Side's fertilizer business chain and the means of agricultural production choose business chain, are provided according to system information and peasant household's demand, meet the specific requirements of peasant household.
On the other hand, the present invention provides a kind of Intelligent fertilizer distributing system, as shown in figure 3, including terminal device 2,3 and of fertilizer compounding machine
Above-mentioned Intelligent fertilizer distributing device 1, terminal device 2 and fertilizer compounding machine 3 are connect with 1 signal of Intelligent fertilizer distributing device, wherein:
Terminal device 2 includes:
Include with fertile solicited message for being sent to Intelligent fertilizer distributing device with fertile solicited message with fertile request sending module
Crop information and location information,
First receiving module, the practical fertilizer formula for receiving the transmission of Intelligent fertilizer distributing device and practical dose,
Second receiving module, soil summary information, nutrient demand summary information for receiving the transmission of Intelligent fertilizer distributing device
Summary information is analyzed with soil nutrient,
Fertilizer compounding machine 3 is used to produce fertilizer according to practical fertilizer formula and practical dose.
The present invention can be directed to specific crops and specific plot personalized ground customized fertilizer formula and dosage, and this hair
Bright other data considered except soil nutrient detected value, formula and dosage are accurate, and it is suitable to be recommended according to crop demand
The best fertilizer formula and fertilizer practice scheme of crop.The present invention realizes Tree Precise Fertilization, reduces the face caused by excess fertilizer
It pollutes in source.Agriculture production cost is reduced simultaneously, is increased farmers' income;Greatly advance the modernization of precision agriculture, wisdom agricultural
Process ensures agricultural sustainable development.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art
For, without departing from the principles of the present invention, it can also make several improvements and retouch, these improvements and modifications
It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Intelligent fertilizer distributing method, which is characterized in that including:
Step 10:What receiving terminal apparatus was sent matches fertile solicited message, and the fertilizer solicited message of matching includes crop information and position
Confidence ceases;
Step 20:Obtain according to the positional information the soil nutrient detected value in corresponding with location information plot, pH value,
Shape, soil property, fertilising custom and/or historical yield;
Step 30:The soil nurtient supply quantity in current plot is calculated according to the soil nutrient detected value;
Step 40:The nutrient demand amount of the crops is obtained according to the crop information;
Step 50:Nutrient amount of application is calculated according to the nutrient demand amount and soil nurtient supply quantity;
Step 60:Standard fertilizer formula and standard manuring amount are calculated according to the nutrient amount of application and fertilizer raw material;
Step 70:According to the pH value, landform, soil property, fertilising custom and/or historical yield to the standard fertilizer formula and mark
Quasi- dose is adjusted, and obtains practical fertilizer formula and practical dose;
Step 80:The practical fertilizer formula and practical dose are sent to the terminal device.
2. Intelligent fertilizer distributing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the soil nurtient supply quantity=soil quality
Coefficient * available nutrient of soil correction coefficient * soil nutrient detected value * soil nutrient conversion coefficients, wherein:0.14≤soil quality
Coefficient≤0.16;The available nutrient of soil correction coefficient, which is the nutrient contained in soil, can be absorbed by crops the ratio utilized;
The soil nutrient conversion coefficient be soil nutrient detected value in N, P, K element quality accounting, conversion become N, P2O5,K2O's
Quality accounting;
The nutrient demand amount=target output * specific yield nutrients uptake amounts, the specific yield nutrients uptake amounts are farming
Object often produces the nutrient quantity that a specific yield is absorbed;
The nutrient amount of application=(nutrient demand amount-soil nurtient supply quantity)/(fertilizer nutrient content * utilization rate of fertilizer), institute
Utilization rate of fertilizer is stated as after incorporation of fertilizerin the soil, the amount of nutrients that crops this season is absorbed and utilized accounts for the percentage of applied total nutrient content
Rate.
3. Intelligent fertilizer distributing method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the practical fertilizer formula=standard fertilizer is matched
Square * [100%+ (pH value adjustment coefficient -100%)+(historical yield adjustment factor -100%)+(fertilising custom first adjusts system
Number -100%)+(- 100%) ] of the first adjustment factor of soil property;.
4. Intelligent fertilizer distributing method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:
When 6.5≤pH value≤7, pH value adjustment coefficient=100%, as 5≤pH value < 6.5, pH value often reduces 0.1,
The pH value adjustment coefficient of nitrogen improves 0-1%, and the pH value adjustment coefficient of P elements improves 1-5%, the pH value adjustment of potassium element
Coefficient improves 0-1%;When 7 < pH values≤8, pH value often increases by 0.1, and the pH value adjustment coefficient of nitrogen improves 1-5%, phosphorus member
The pH value adjustment coefficient of element improves 0-1%, and the pH value adjustment coefficient of potassium element improves 0-1.2%;
The historical yield adjustment factor=actual history yield/standard fertilizer formula test theoretical yield;
If fertilising custom is single fertilization, it is respectively 130%- that the first adjustment factor is accustomed in the fertilising of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element
160%, 100%-110%, 110%-120%;Nitrogen top dressing, the fertilising of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element is added to practise if fertilising custom is base fertilizer
Used adjustment factor is respectively 100%, 100%-110%, 110%-115%;
If soil property is sandy soil, the first adjustment factor of the soil property is 110%-150%;If soil property is clay, the soil property
First adjustment factor is 85%-97%.
5. Intelligent fertilizer distributing method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the practical dose=standard manuring amount *
[100%+ (the second adjustment factor -100% of soil property)+(landform adjustment factors -100%)+(fertilising custom the second adjustment factor -
100%) ].
6. Intelligent fertilizer distributing method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:
If fertilising custom is single fertilization, the second adjustment factor of custom of applying fertilizer is 120%-150%;If fertilising custom is bottom
Fertilizer plus nitrogen top dressing, then the second adjustment factor of custom of applying fertilizer is 95%-100%;
If soil property is sandy soil, the second adjustment factor of soil property is 110%-170%;If soil property is clay, soil property second is adjusted
Coefficient is 85%-99%;
The landform adjustment factor=(gradient/90 °/10) * 100%+100%.
7. according to any Intelligent fertilizer distributing methods of claim 1-6, which is characterized in that the method further includes:
Step 11:The soil summary information in plot corresponding with the location information is obtained according to the positional information, and the soil is general
It includes the soil texture and basic nutrient content to state information;
Step 12:The nutrient demand that plot corresponding with the location information is obtained according to the crop information and location information is summarized
Information, the nutrient demand summary information includes demand and demand period;
Step 31:Judge that the nutrient content of soil is rich according to the soil nurtient supply quantity to lack, obtains soil nutrient analysis and summarize
Information;
Step 71:Fertilizing management is determined according to the practical fertilizer formula and practical dose and/or the location information
Scheme determines crop management scheme according to crop information;
Step 72:By the soil summary information, nutrient demand summary information, soil nutrient analysis summary information, fertilizing management
Scheme and crop management scheme are sent to the terminal device.
8. a kind of Intelligent fertilizer distributing device, which is characterized in that including:
It is described to include with fertile solicited message for receiving terminal apparatus transmission with fertile solicited message with fertile request receiving module
Crop information and location information;
Soil data acquisition module, the soil nutrient inspection for obtaining plot corresponding with the location information according to the positional information
Measured value, pH value, landform, soil property, fertilising custom and/or historical yield;
Soil nurtient supply quantity computing module, the soil nutrient for calculating current plot according to the soil nutrient detected value supply
Ying Liang;
Nutrient demand amount acquisition module, the nutrient demand amount for obtaining the crops according to the crop information;
Nutrient amount of application computing module, for calculating nutrient amount of application according to the nutrient demand amount and soil nurtient supply quantity;
Formula and calculation of fertilization amount module, for according to the nutrient amount of application and fertilizer raw material calculate standard fertilizer formula and
Standard manuring amount;
Adjustment module, for being matched to the standard fertilizer according to the pH value, landform, soil property, fertilising custom and/or historical yield
Side and standard manuring amount are adjusted, and obtain practical fertilizer formula and practical dose;
First sending module, for the practical fertilizer formula and practical dose to be sent to the terminal device.
9. Intelligent fertilizer distributing device according to claim 8, which is characterized in that described device further includes:
Soil summary information acquisition module, the soil for obtaining plot corresponding with the location information according to the positional information are general
Information is stated, the soil summary information includes the soil texture and basic nutrient content;
Nutrient demand summary information acquisition module, for being obtained and the location information according to the crop information and location information
The nutrient demand summary information in corresponding plot, the nutrient demand summary information includes demand and demand period;
Soil nutrient analyzes summary information acquisition module, the nutrient content for judging soil according to the soil nurtient supply quantity
It is rich to lack, obtain soil nutrient analysis summary information;
Fertilising and crop management scheme acquisition module are used for according to the practical fertilizer formula and practical dose, and/or
Location information described in person determines fertilizing management scheme, and crop management scheme is determined according to crop information;
Second sending module, for letter to be summarized in the soil summary information, nutrient demand summary information, soil nutrient analysis
Breath, fertilizing management scheme and crop management scheme are sent to the terminal device.
10. a kind of Intelligent fertilizer distributing system, which is characterized in that including the intelligence described in terminal device, fertilizer compounding machine and claim 8 or 9
It can be connect with the Intelligent fertilizer distributing device signal with fertile device, the terminal device and fertilizer compounding machine, wherein:
The terminal device includes:
It is described with fertile solicited message for being sent to the Intelligent fertilizer distributing device with fertile solicited message with fertile request sending module
Including crop information and location information;
First receiving module, for receiving the practical fertilizer formula and practical dose that the Intelligent fertilizer distributing device is sent;
Second receiving module, for receiving soil summary information, the nutrient demand summary information that the Intelligent fertilizer distributing device is sent
Summary information is analyzed with soil nutrient;
The fertilizer compounding machine is used to produce fertilizer according to practical fertilizer formula and practical dose.
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