CN108684278B - Intelligent fertilizer preparation method, device and system - Google Patents
Intelligent fertilizer preparation method, device and system Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 231
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 287
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 218
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 72
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 45
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021048 nutrient requirements Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000015816 nutrient absorption Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000012773 agricultural material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000021231 nutrient uptake Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/007—Determining fertilization requirements
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent fertilizer preparation method, device and system, and belongs to the field of fertilizer preparation. The method comprises the steps of receiving fertilizer preparation request information sent by terminal equipment; acquiring a soil nutrient detection value, a PH value, a terrain, soil texture, a fertilization habit and/or a historical yield according to the position information; calculating the soil nutrient supply according to the soil nutrient detection value; acquiring nutrient demand according to crop information; calculating the nutrient application amount according to the nutrient demand and the soil nutrient supply amount; calculating a standard fertilizer formula and a standard fertilizing amount according to the nutrient application amount and the fertilizer raw materials; and adjusting according to the PH value, the terrain, the soil quality, the fertilization habit and/or the historical yield to obtain an actual fertilizer formula and an actual fertilization amount, and sending the actual fertilizer formula and the actual fertilization amount to the terminal equipment. The invention realizes accurate fertilization, reduces the agricultural production cost and increases the income of farmers; the modernization process of precision agriculture and intelligent agriculture is greatly promoted, and the sustainable development of agriculture is guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fertilizer preparation, in particular to an intelligent fertilizer preparation method, device and system.
Background
In the agricultural development process, the chemical fertilizer plays a great role in increasing yield and harvest of grain fertilizers, but the problems of resource waste, environmental pollution, farmland quality reduction and the like caused by excessive and unreasonable use of the chemical fertilizer are followed.
In the 12 th month of 2004, "opinions of the communal center and the state institute about a plurality of policies for further strengthening rural work and improving comprehensive agricultural production capacity" implements a 'fertile soil engineering' plan, the technology for popularizing the soil testing formula fertilization starts, and then the state successively goes out of various policies to promote the soil testing formula fertilization work so as to solve the problem of reasonable fertilization. According to the soil testing formula fertilization standard formulated by the ministry of agriculture, the soil testing formula fertilization is based on fertilizer field tests and soil tests, and on the basis of reasonable application of organic fertilizers, the application varieties, the amount, the application periods and the application methods of fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, medium and trace elements are provided.
The existing agricultural production has extensive crop planting management, various crop varieties, deficient specialized technology of farmer planting management and urgent need of technical guidance of agricultural experts. The resources and time of the same expert team are insufficient, the technical field is limited, and the requirements of farmers cannot be met. The modernization process of precision agriculture and intelligent agriculture is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an intelligent fertilizer preparation method, device and system, which realize accurate fertilizer application, reduce agricultural production cost and increase income of farmers; the modernization process of precision agriculture and intelligent agriculture is greatly promoted, and the sustainable development of agriculture is guaranteed.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an intelligent fertilizer preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 10: receiving fertilizer preparation request information sent by terminal equipment, wherein the fertilizer preparation request information comprises crop information and position information;
step 20: acquiring a soil nutrient detection value, a PH value, a terrain, soil texture, a fertilization habit and/or a historical yield of a land parcel corresponding to the position information according to the position information;
step 30: calculating the soil nutrient supply of the current plot according to the soil nutrient detection value;
step 40: acquiring the nutrient demand of the crops according to the crop information;
step 50: calculating the nutrient application amount according to the nutrient demand and the soil nutrient supply amount;
step 60: calculating a standard fertilizer formula and a standard fertilizing amount according to the nutrient application amount and the fertilizer raw materials;
step 70: adjusting the standard fertilizer formula and the standard fertilizing amount according to the PH value, the terrain, the soil quality, the fertilizing habit and/or the historical yield to obtain an actual fertilizer formula and an actual fertilizing amount;
step 80: and sending the actual fertilizer formula and the actual fertilizing amount to the terminal equipment.
Further, the soil nutrient supply amount is equal to the soil mass coefficientThe sub-correction coefficient is the soil nutrient detection value and the soil nutrient conversion coefficient, wherein: the soil mass coefficient is more than or equal to 0.14 and less than or equal to 0.16; the soil available nutrient correction coefficient is the proportion of nutrients contained in the soil which can be absorbed and utilized by crops; the soil nutrient conversion coefficient is the mass ratio of N, P, K elements in the soil nutrient detection value and is converted into N, P2O5、K2The mass ratio of O;
the nutrient demand is the target yield per unit yield of absorbed nutrients, and the unit yield of absorbed nutrients is the amount of absorbed nutrients per unit yield of produced crops;
the nutrient application amount is (nutrient demand-soil nutrient supply amount)/(fertilizer nutrient content is fertilizer utilization rate), and the fertilizer utilization rate is the percentage of the nutrient amount absorbed and utilized by crops in the season in the total amount of applied nutrients after the fertilizer is applied to the soil.
Further, the actual fertilizer formulation is a standard fertilizer formulation [ 100% + (PH adjustment factor-100%) + (historical yield adjustment factor-100%) + (fertilization habit first adjustment factor-100%) + (soil property first adjustment factor-100%) ].
Further, when the pH value is not less than 6.5 and not more than 7, the pH value adjusting coefficient is 100 percent, when the pH value is not less than 5 and not more than 6.5, the pH value adjusting coefficient of nitrogen element is improved by 0-1 percent, the pH value adjusting coefficient of phosphorus element is improved by 1-5 percent, and the pH value adjusting coefficient of potassium element is improved by 0-1 percent; when the PH value is more than 7 and less than or equal to 8, the PH value adjusting coefficient of the nitrogen element is improved by 1 to 5 percent, the PH value adjusting coefficient of the phosphorus element is improved by 0 to 1 percent, and the PH value adjusting coefficient of the potassium element is improved by 0 to 1.2 percent when the PH value is increased by 0.1;
the historical yield adjusting coefficient is actual historical yield/theoretical yield of a standard fertilizer formula test;
if the fertilization habit is one-time fertilization, the first adjustment coefficients of the fertilization habits of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements are 130-160%, 100-110% and 110-120% respectively; if the fertilization habit is base fertilizer plus nitrogen topdressing, the fertilization habit adjustment coefficients of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements are respectively 100%, 100-110% and 110-115%;
if the soil quality is sandy soil, the first adjustment coefficient of the soil quality is 110-150%; if the soil quality is clay, the first adjusting coefficient of the soil quality is 85-97%.
Further, the actual fertilizing amount is the standard fertilizing amount [ 100% + (soil quality second regulating coefficient-100%) + (terrain regulating coefficient-100%) + (fertilizing habit second regulating coefficient-100%) ].
Further, if the fertilization habit is one-time fertilization, the second adjustment coefficient of the fertilization habit is 120% -150%; if the fertilization habit is base fertilizer plus nitrogen topdressing, the second adjustment coefficient of the fertilization habit is 95-100%;
if the soil quality is sandy soil, the second adjustment coefficient of the soil quality is 110-170%; if the soil quality is clay, the second adjustment coefficient of the soil quality is 85-99%;
the terrain adjustment factor is (slope/90 °/10) × 100% + 100%.
Further, the method further comprises:
step 11: acquiring soil summary information of a land parcel corresponding to the position information according to the position information, wherein the soil summary information comprises soil texture and basic nutrient content;
step 12: acquiring nutrient demand summary information of a plot corresponding to the position information according to the crop information and the position information, wherein the nutrient demand summary information comprises demand and demand period;
step 31: judging whether the nutrient content of the soil is rich or deficient according to the nutrient supply of the soil to obtain soil nutrient analysis summary information;
step 71: determining a fertilization management scheme according to the actual fertilizer formula and the actual fertilization amount and/or the position information, and determining a crop management scheme according to crop information;
step 72: transmitting the soil summary information, the nutrient requirement summary information, the soil nutrition analysis summary information, the fertilization management plan, and the crop management plan to the terminal device.
An intelligent fertilizer preparation device, comprising:
the fertilizer preparation request receiving module is used for receiving fertilizer preparation request information sent by the terminal equipment, and the fertilizer preparation request information comprises crop information and position information;
the soil data acquisition module is used for acquiring a soil nutrient detection value, a PH value, a terrain, soil texture, a fertilization habit and/or historical yield of a land parcel corresponding to the position information according to the position information;
the soil nutrient supply amount calculation module is used for calculating the soil nutrient supply amount of the current plot according to the soil nutrient detection value;
the nutrient demand acquisition module is used for acquiring the nutrient demand of the crop according to the crop information;
the nutrient application amount calculation module is used for calculating nutrient application amount according to the nutrient demand and the soil nutrient supply amount;
the formula and fertilization amount calculation module is used for calculating a standard fertilizer formula and a standard fertilization amount according to the nutrient application amount and the fertilizer raw materials;
the adjusting module is used for adjusting the standard fertilizer formula and the standard fertilizing amount according to the PH value, the terrain, the soil quality, the fertilizing habit and/or the historical yield to obtain an actual fertilizer formula and an actual fertilizing amount;
and the first sending module is used for sending the actual fertilizer formula and the actual fertilizing amount to the terminal equipment.
Further, the apparatus further comprises:
the soil summary information acquisition module is used for acquiring soil summary information of a land parcel corresponding to the position information according to the position information, and the soil summary information comprises soil texture and basic nutrient content;
the nutrient demand summary information acquisition module is used for acquiring nutrient demand summary information of a plot corresponding to the position information according to the crop information and the position information, and the nutrient demand summary information comprises demand and demand period;
the soil nutrition analysis summary information acquisition module is used for judging the abundance of the nutrient content of the soil according to the soil nutrient supply amount to obtain soil nutrition analysis summary information;
the fertilization and crop management scheme acquisition module is used for determining a fertilization management scheme according to the actual fertilizer formula and the actual fertilization amount and/or the position information and determining a crop management scheme according to the crop information;
and the second sending module is used for sending the soil summary information, the nutrient demand summary information, the soil nutrition analysis summary information, the fertilization management scheme and the crop management scheme to the terminal equipment.
An intelligent fertilizer preparation system comprises terminal equipment, a fertilizer preparation machine and the intelligent fertilizer preparation device, wherein the terminal equipment and the fertilizer preparation machine are in signal connection with the intelligent fertilizer preparation device, and the intelligent fertilizer preparation device comprises:
the terminal device includes:
the fertilizer preparation request sending module is used for sending fertilizer preparation request information to the intelligent fertilizer preparation device, and the fertilizer preparation request information comprises crop information and position information;
the first receiving module is used for receiving the actual fertilizer formula and the actual fertilizing amount sent by the intelligent fertilizer preparation device;
the second receiving module is used for receiving soil summary information, nutrient demand summary information and soil nutrition analysis summary information sent by the intelligent fertilizer preparation device;
the fertilizer preparation machine is used for producing fertilizer according to an actual fertilizer formula and an actual fertilizer application amount.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method comprises the steps that terminal equipment sends fertilizer preparation request information to a management platform, the management platform obtains data such as soil nutrient detection values, PH values, terrains, soil qualities, fertilization habits and/or historical yields of plots corresponding to position information according to the position information in the fertilizer preparation request information, and calculates the soil nutrient supply amount according to the data; then the management platform acquires the nutrient demand of the crops according to the crop information in the fertilizer preparation request information; calculating nutrient application amount according to nutrient demand and soil nutrient supply, and calculating a standard fertilizer formula and a standard fertilizing amount according to the nutrient application amount and fertilizer raw materials; and finally, adjusting the standard fertilizer formula and the standard fertilizing amount through the pH value, the terrain, the soil texture, the fertilizing habit and/or the historical yield to obtain the final formula and the final consumption, and sending the final formula and the final consumption to the terminal equipment.
The invention can customize the fertilizer formula and the dosage aiming at specific crops and specific plots, considers other data except soil nutrient detection values, has accurate formula and dosage, and can recommend the optimal fertilizer formula and the fertilization technical scheme suitable for the crops according to the crop requirements. The invention realizes accurate fertilization and reduces non-point source pollution caused by excessive fertilizer. Meanwhile, the agricultural production cost is reduced, and the income of farmers is increased; the modernization process of precision agriculture and intelligent agriculture is greatly promoted, and the sustainable development of agriculture is guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an intelligent fertilizer preparation method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an intelligent fertilizer preparation apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the intelligent fertilizer preparation system of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
In one aspect, the invention provides an intelligent fertilizer preparation method, as shown in fig. 1, comprising:
step 10: and receiving fertilizer preparation request information sent by the terminal equipment, wherein the fertilizer preparation request information comprises crop information and position information.
In this step, the terminal device includes a mobile phone, a PAD, a PC, and the like, and the user first installs an app on the mobile phone or the PAD or enters a management platform website on the mobile phone, the PAD, or the PC, registers the member, and logs in. Selecting crops according to pictures or characters, wherein the crops comprise three types of grain, cotton, oil, fruits and vegetables; and select a location or automatically locate a location. And sending crop information and position information as fertilizer preparation request information to a management platform, wherein the management platform is a system for selling and managing formula fertilizer constructed based on the Internet and the Internet of things and is deployed at a server or a cloud.
The management platform automatically positions the area where the user is located according to the fertilizer preparation request information; and accessing again and memorizing the region selected last time.
Step 20: and acquiring the soil nutrient detection value, the PH value, the terrain, the soil texture, the fertilization habit and/or the historical yield of the land parcel corresponding to the position information according to the position information.
The soil nutrient detection value comprises the contents of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), organic matters and other medium and trace elements in soil, the terrain refers to the flatness, gradient and the like of the soil, and the fertilization habit comprises multiple fertilization modes such as one-time fertilization and base fertilizer nitrogen adding and topdressing.
Step 30: and calculating the soil nutrient supply amount of the current plot according to the soil nutrient detection value. In the step, the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other medium and trace elements which can be absorbed by the crops by the soil is calculated according to the detected value of the soil nutrient, namely the supply amount of the soil nutrient. In the step, the soil nutrient supply amount of N, P, K element is N, P2O5、K2And O represents.
Step 40: and acquiring the nutrient demand of the crop according to the crop information (comprising the crop type, the growth period and other data). Nutrient demand is the amount of nutrients required by a crop to achieve a target yield.
Step 50: and calculating the nutrient application amount according to the nutrient demand and the soil nutrient supply. The nutrient application rate is the amount of nutrient applied to the soil to achieve the target yield.
Step 60: and calculating a standard fertilizer formula and a standard fertilizing amount according to the nutrient application amount and the fertilizer raw materials. The fertilizer is prepared by proportioning raw materials such as large-particle urea, diamine phosphate, potassium chloride or potassium sulfate, and the like, wherein the fertilizer does not contain all nutrients capable of being absorbed by crops, and the nutrients are required to be converted into the proportioning of the raw materials, so that a standard fertilizer formula and a standard fertilizing amount are obtained.
Step 70: and adjusting the standard fertilizer formula and the standard fertilizing amount according to the PH value, the terrain, the soil quality, the fertilizing habit and/or the historical yield to obtain the actual fertilizer formula and the actual fertilizing amount. The traditional fertilizer preparation method only considers N, P, K and medium trace elements in soil, does not consider the pH value, soil texture, terrain, historical crop yield, farmer fertilization habits and the like of the soil, causes inaccurate fertilizer preparation and cannot guide the farmers to scientifically fertilize. The formula and the dosage are corrected according to the pH value, the terrain, the soil texture, the fertilization habit and/or the historical yield, and the aims of accurately preparing the fertilizer and guiding farmers to scientifically fertilize can be fulfilled.
Step 80: and sending the actual fertilizer formula and the actual fertilizer application amount to the terminal equipment so that a user can purchase the corresponding fertilizer according to the formula and the amount.
The method comprises the steps that terminal equipment sends fertilizer preparation request information to a management platform, the management platform obtains data such as soil nutrient detection values, PH values, terrains, soil qualities, fertilization habits and/or historical yields of plots corresponding to position information according to the position information in the fertilizer preparation request information, and calculates the soil nutrient supply amount according to the data; then the management platform acquires the nutrient demand of the crops according to the crop information in the fertilizer preparation request information; calculating nutrient application amount according to nutrient demand and soil nutrient supply, and calculating a standard fertilizer formula and a standard fertilizing amount according to the nutrient application amount and fertilizer raw materials; and finally, adjusting the standard fertilizer formula and the standard fertilizing amount through the pH value, the terrain, the soil texture, the fertilizing habit and/or the historical yield to obtain the final formula and the final consumption, and sending the final formula and the final consumption to the terminal equipment.
The invention can customize the fertilizer formula and the dosage aiming at specific crops and specific plots, considers other data except soil nutrient detection values, has accurate formula and dosage, and can recommend the optimal fertilizer formula and the fertilization technical scheme suitable for the crops according to the crop requirements. The invention realizes accurate fertilization and reduces non-point source pollution caused by excessive fertilizer. Meanwhile, the agricultural production cost is reduced, and the income of farmers is increased; the modernization process of precision agriculture and intelligent agriculture is greatly promoted, and the sustainable development of agriculture is guaranteed.
As an improvement of the present invention, the soil nutrient supply amount is a soil mass coefficient and a soil available nutrient correction coefficient and a soil nutrient detection value and a soil nutrient conversion coefficient, wherein:the soil mass coefficient is more than or equal to 0.14 and less than or equal to 0.16; the soil available nutrient correction coefficient is the proportion of nutrients contained in the soil which can be absorbed and utilized by crops; the conversion coefficient of the soil nutrient is the mass ratio of N, P, K elements in the soil nutrient detection value, and is converted into N, P2O5、K2The mass ratio of O, e.g. a, b, c for soil nutrient supply N, P, K, is converted to N, P2O5、K2O is a, 2.291b, 1.205 c.
The soil mass coefficient is preferably 0.15, and the unit of the measured value of the soil nutrient is mg/kg calculated as 150000kg of soil mass per mu of plough layer, and if the soil nutrient value is converted into kg, the soil mass coefficient is multiplied by 0.15.
Nutrient demand is the target production per unit production of nutrient uptake, which is the amount of nutrient absorbed by a crop per unit production (e.g., 100 kg).
And reading current crop data information configured in the background for the target yield of the part of crops and the nutrient absorption amount of the unit yield of the crops. For example, the following steps are carried out: nutrient absorption amount per unit yield of crops: the yield of the rice needs 2.1-2.4 kg of nitrogen, 0.9-1.3 kg of phosphorus and 2.1-3.3 kg of potassium when 100kg of the rice is formed.
The nutrient application amount is (nutrient demand amount-soil nutrient supply amount)/(fertilizer nutrient content-fertilizer utilization rate), the fertilizer utilization rate is the percentage of the nutrient amount absorbed and utilized by crops in the season in the total amount of the applied nutrients after the fertilizer is applied to the soil, and the nutrient utilization rate is a variable and is changed due to the changes of soil fertility conditions, climatic conditions, farming modes, fertilizing amount and the like; the fertilizer nutrient content is the proportion of the nutrients in the fertilizer in the total amount of the fertilizer.
The target yield, the nutrient absorption amount of unit yield, the soil available nutrient correction coefficient and the fertilizer utilization rate are obtained according to field tests in each area.
Further, the actual fertilizer formulation was a standard fertilizer formulation [ 100% + (PH adjustment factor-100%) + (historical yield adjustment factor-100%) + (fertilization habit first adjustment factor-100%) + (soil property first adjustment factor-100%) ].
Preferably, when the pH value is more than or equal to 6.5 and less than or equal to 7, the pH value adjusting coefficient is 100 percent, when the pH value is more than or equal to 5 and less than 6.5, the pH value is reduced by 0.1, the pH value adjusting coefficient of the nitrogen element is improved by 0-1 percent, the pH value adjusting coefficient of the phosphorus element is improved by 1-5 percent, the pH value adjusting coefficient of the potassium element is improved by 0-1 percent, when the pH value is more than 7 and less than or equal to 8, the pH value is increased by 0.1, the pH value adjusting coefficient of the nitrogen element is improved by 1-5 percent, the pH value adjusting coefficient of the phosphorus element is improved by 0-1 percent, the pH value adjusting coefficient of the potassium element is improved by 0-1.2 percent, and when the pH value is more than 8, the acidic soil conditioner is recommended.
And (4) regulating the historical yield by the actual historical yield/theoretical yield of a standard fertilizer formula test.
If the fertilization habit is one-time fertilization, the first adjustment coefficients of the fertilization habits of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements are 130-160%, 100-110% and 110-120% respectively; if the fertilization habit is a multiple fertilization mode of adding nitrogen and topdressing into base fertilizer and the like, the adjustment coefficients of the fertilization habit of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements are 100%, 100-110% and 110-115% respectively.
If the soil quality is sandy soil, the first adjustment coefficient of the soil quality is 110-150%; if the soil quality is clay, the first adjustment coefficient of the soil quality is 85-97%.
Further, the actual fertilizing amount is the standard fertilizing amount [ 100% + (soil quality second regulating factor-100%) + (terrain regulating factor-100%) + (fertilizing habit second regulating factor-100%) ].
Preferably, if the fertilization habit is one-time fertilization, the second adjustment coefficient of the fertilization habit is 120-150%; if the fertilization habit is a multiple fertilization mode of adding nitrogen and topdressing for base fertilizer and the like, the second adjustment coefficient of the fertilization habit is 95-100%.
If the soil quality is sandy soil, the second adjustment coefficient of the soil quality is 110-170%; if the soil quality is clay, the second adjustment coefficient of the soil quality is 85-95%.
The terrain adjustment factor (slope/90 °/10) × 100% + 100%. .
As another improvement of the present invention, the method further comprises:
step 11: and acquiring soil summary information of the land parcel corresponding to the position information according to the position information, wherein the soil summary information comprises soil texture and basic nutrient content.
The method obtains the soil texture condition and the basic nutrient content analysis of the positioning area, not only shows the water and fertilizer retention performance of the soil, but also includes the content conditions of organic matters, major elements and medium and trace elements of the soil, the acidity and alkalinity of the soil and other information, and provides important reference for the planting of crops and the purchasing of agricultural products. The partial data information comes from the conversion of research results of authoritative experts groups at home and abroad.
Step 12: and acquiring nutrient demand summary information of the land parcel corresponding to the position information according to the crop information and the position information, wherein the nutrient demand summary information comprises demand and demand period.
The method reads the information of all villages maintained by the background and the configured information of the popularization and fertilizer requirement of the current crops in the soil department. The nutrient demand and demand period data information of the crops are obtained by experimental research of expert groups of plant nutriologists at home and abroad.
Step 31: and judging the abundance of the nutrient content of the soil according to the nutrient supply of the soil to obtain the summary information of the soil nutrient analysis.
Step 71: and determining a fertilization management scheme according to the actual fertilizer formula and the actual fertilization amount and/or the position information, and determining a crop management scheme according to the crop information. In the invention, a fertilization management scheme is determined by any one or two of position information, an actual fertilizer formula and an actual fertilizing amount, and the fertilization management scheme comprises a fertilization period, a fertilization amount, fertilization cautionary matters and the like. The crop management scheme comprises the characteristics of each growth period of crops, fertilizer requirement conditions, a management method and the like, and the user can know fertilization and management.
Step 72: transmitting soil summary information, nutrient requirement summary information, soil nutrition analysis summary information, fertilization management plans, and crop management plans to a terminal device.
The management platform calls national soil survey big data or calls database data updated in real time through a soil survey information data interaction platform according to the automatic positioning geographic coordinates, and formulates a crop planting management database and the like to realize information return, recording and sharing, so that the management platform can be repeatedly utilized. The invention can effectively utilize the national soil general survey soil detection big data of the national department of agriculture, and can record the real-time soil detection data of each user for updating and further utilizing.
In addition, the invention can also provide crop fertilization cautionary items and planting management schemes according to the user position information and the crop information. The invention provides a whole-course management scheme of a crop planting process by integrating local soil and crop information, and the whole-course management scheme comprises information such as a soil basic condition of a user location, a crop planting management scheme, an optimal fertilization scheme and the like.
After the formula and the amount are determined, a user orders the fertilizer through the terminal equipment, and after the ordering is successful, the management platform informs the fertilizer preparation machine to produce.
The invention has simple operation, and can conveniently, quickly, professionally and comprehensively purchase fertilizers. The invention simultaneously links the customized formulated fertilizer business chain and the agricultural material purchasing business chain, and the customized formulated fertilizer business chain and the agricultural material purchasing business chain are provided according to the system information and the requirements of the peasant households, so that the specific requirements of the peasant households are met.
On the other hand, the invention provides an intelligent fertilizer preparing device 1, which is a server or a management platform, as shown in fig. 2, and comprises:
and the fertilizer preparation request receiving module 101 is configured to receive fertilizer preparation request information sent by the terminal device, where the fertilizer preparation request information includes crop information and position information.
And the soil data acquisition module 102 is used for acquiring a soil nutrient detection value, a PH value, a terrain, soil texture, a fertilization habit and/or historical yield of the land parcel corresponding to the position information according to the position information.
And the soil nutrient supply amount calculation module 103 is used for calculating the soil nutrient supply amount of the current plot according to the soil nutrient detection value.
And the nutrient demand obtaining module 104 is used for obtaining the nutrient demand of the crop according to the crop information.
And the nutrient application amount calculation module 105 is used for calculating the nutrient application amount according to the nutrient demand and the soil nutrient supply.
And the formula and fertilization amount calculation module 106 is used for calculating a standard fertilizer formula and a standard fertilization amount according to the nutrient application amount and the fertilizer raw materials.
And the adjusting module 107 is used for adjusting the standard fertilizer formula and the standard fertilizing amount according to the PH value, the terrain, the soil quality, the fertilizing habit and/or the historical yield to obtain the actual fertilizer formula and the actual fertilizing amount.
And the first sending module 108 is used for sending the actual fertilizer formula and the actual fertilizing amount to the terminal equipment.
The invention can customize the fertilizer formula and the dosage aiming at specific crops and specific plots, considers other data except soil nutrient detection values, has accurate formula and dosage, and can recommend the optimal fertilizer formula and the fertilization technical scheme suitable for the crops according to the crop requirements. The invention realizes accurate fertilization and reduces non-point source pollution caused by excessive fertilizer. Meanwhile, the agricultural production cost is reduced, and the income of farmers is increased; the modernization process of precision agriculture and intelligent agriculture is greatly promoted, and the sustainable development of agriculture is guaranteed.
As an improvement of the present invention, the soil nutrient supply amount is a soil mass coefficient and a soil available nutrient correction coefficient and a soil nutrient detection value and a soil nutrient conversion coefficient, wherein: the soil mass coefficient is more than or equal to 0.14 and less than or equal to 0.16; the soil available nutrient correction coefficient is the proportion of nutrients contained in the soil which can be absorbed and utilized by crops; the conversion coefficient of the soil nutrient is the mass ratio of N, P, K elements in the soil nutrient detection value, and is converted into N, P2O5、K2The mass ratio of O, e.g. a, b, c for soil nutrient supply N, P, K, is converted to N, P2O5、K2O is a, 2.291b, 1.205 c.
The soil mass coefficient is preferably 0.15, and the unit of the measured value of the soil nutrient is mg/kg calculated as 150000kg of soil mass per mu of plough layer, and if the soil nutrient value is converted into kg, the soil mass coefficient is multiplied by 0.15.
Nutrient demand is the target production per unit production of nutrient uptake, which is the amount of nutrient absorbed by a crop per unit production (e.g., 100 kg).
And reading current crop data information configured in the background for the target yield of the part of crops and the nutrient absorption amount of the unit yield of the crops. For example, the following steps are carried out: nutrient absorption amount per unit yield of crops: the yield of the rice needs 2.1-2.4 kg of nitrogen, 0.9-1.3 kg of phosphorus and 2.1-3.3 kg of potassium when 100kg of the rice is formed.
The nutrient application amount is (nutrient demand amount-soil nutrient supply amount)/(fertilizer nutrient content-fertilizer utilization rate), the fertilizer utilization rate is the percentage of the nutrient amount absorbed and utilized by crops in the season in the total amount of the applied nutrients after the fertilizer is applied to the soil, and the nutrient utilization rate is a variable and is changed due to the changes of soil fertility conditions, climatic conditions, farming modes, fertilizing amount and the like; the fertilizer nutrient content is the proportion of the nutrients in the fertilizer in the total amount of the fertilizer.
The target yield, the nutrient absorption amount of unit yield, the soil available nutrient correction coefficient and the fertilizer utilization rate are obtained according to field tests in each area.
Further, the actual fertilizer formulation was a standard fertilizer formulation [ 100% + (PH adjustment factor-100%) + (historical yield adjustment factor-100%) + (fertilization habit first adjustment factor-100%) + (soil property first adjustment factor-100%) ].
Preferably, when the pH value is more than or equal to 6.5 and less than or equal to 7, the pH value adjusting coefficient is 100 percent, when the pH value is more than or equal to 5 and less than 6.5, the pH value is reduced by 0.1, the pH value adjusting coefficient of the nitrogen element is improved by 0-1 percent, the pH value adjusting coefficient of the phosphorus element is improved by 1-5 percent, the pH value adjusting coefficient of the potassium element is improved by 0-1 percent, when the pH value is more than 7 and less than or equal to 8, the pH value is increased by 0.1, the pH value adjusting coefficient of the nitrogen element is improved by 1-5 percent, the pH value adjusting coefficient of the phosphorus element is improved by 0-1 percent, the pH value adjusting coefficient of the potassium element is improved by 0-1.2 percent, and when the pH value is more than 8, the acidic soil conditioner is recommended.
And (4) regulating the historical yield by the actual historical yield/theoretical yield of a standard fertilizer formula test.
If the fertilization habit is one-time fertilization, the first adjustment coefficients of the fertilization habits of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements are 130-160%, 100-110% and 110-120% respectively; if the fertilization habit is a multiple fertilization mode of adding nitrogen and topdressing into base fertilizer and the like, the adjustment coefficients of the fertilization habit of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements are 100%, 100-110% and 110-115% respectively.
If the soil quality is sandy soil, the first adjustment coefficient of the soil quality is 110-150%; if the soil quality is clay, the first adjustment coefficient of the soil quality is 85-97%.
Further, the actual fertilizing amount is the standard fertilizing amount [ 100% + (soil quality second regulating factor-100%) + (terrain regulating factor-100%) + (fertilizing habit second regulating factor-100%) ].
Preferably, if the fertilization habit is one-time fertilization, the second adjustment coefficient of the fertilization habit is 120-150%; if the fertilization habit is a multiple fertilization mode of adding nitrogen and topdressing for base fertilizer and the like, the second adjustment coefficient of the fertilization habit is 95-100%.
If the soil quality is sandy soil, the second adjustment coefficient of the soil quality is 110-170%; if the soil quality is clay, the second adjustment coefficient of the soil quality is 85-95%.
The terrain adjustment factor (slope/90 °/10) × 100% + 100%. .
As another improvement of the present invention, the apparatus further comprises:
and the soil summary information acquisition module is used for acquiring soil summary information of the land parcel corresponding to the position information according to the position information, and the soil summary information comprises soil texture and basic nutrient content.
And the nutrient demand summary information acquisition module is used for acquiring nutrient demand summary information of a plot corresponding to the position information according to the crop information and the position information, and the nutrient demand summary information comprises demand and demand period.
And the soil nutrition analysis summary information acquisition module is used for judging the abundance of the nutrient content of the soil according to the soil nutrient supply amount to obtain soil nutrition analysis summary information.
And the fertilization and crop management scheme acquisition module is used for determining a fertilization management scheme according to the actual fertilizer formula and the actual fertilization amount and/or the position information and determining a crop management scheme according to the crop information.
And the second sending module is used for sending the soil summary information, the nutrient demand summary information, the soil nutrition analysis summary information, the fertilization management scheme and the crop management scheme to the terminal equipment.
The invention has simple operation, and can conveniently, quickly, professionally and comprehensively purchase fertilizers. The invention simultaneously links the customized formulated fertilizer business chain and the agricultural material purchasing business chain, and the customized formulated fertilizer business chain and the agricultural material purchasing business chain are provided according to the system information and the requirements of the peasant households, so that the specific requirements of the peasant households are met.
On the other hand, the invention provides an intelligent fertilizer preparation system, as shown in fig. 3, comprising a terminal device 2, a fertilizer preparation machine 3 and the intelligent fertilizer preparation device 1, wherein the terminal device 2 and the fertilizer preparation machine 3 are in signal connection with the intelligent fertilizer preparation device 1, and wherein:
the terminal device 2 includes:
a fertilizer preparation request sending module for sending fertilizer preparation request information to the intelligent fertilizer preparation device, wherein the fertilizer preparation request information comprises crop information and position information,
the first receiving module is used for receiving the actual fertilizer formula and the actual fertilizing amount sent by the intelligent fertilizer preparation device,
a second receiving module, which is used for receiving the soil summary information, the nutrient demand summary information and the soil nutrition analysis summary information sent by the intelligent fertilizer preparation device,
the fertilizer preparation machine 3 is used for producing fertilizer according to the actual fertilizer formula and the actual fertilizing amount.
The invention can customize the fertilizer formula and the dosage aiming at specific crops and specific plots, considers other data except soil nutrient detection values, has accurate formula and dosage, and can recommend the optimal fertilizer formula and the fertilization technical scheme suitable for the crops according to the crop requirements. The invention realizes accurate fertilization and reduces non-point source pollution caused by excessive fertilizer. Meanwhile, the agricultural production cost is reduced, and the income of farmers is increased; the modernization process of precision agriculture and intelligent agriculture is greatly promoted, and the sustainable development of agriculture is guaranteed.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. An intelligent fertilizer preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 10: receiving fertilizer preparation request information sent by terminal equipment, wherein the fertilizer preparation request information comprises crop information and position information;
step 20: acquiring a soil nutrient detection value, a PH value, a terrain, soil texture, a fertilization habit and a historical yield of a land parcel corresponding to the position information according to the position information;
step 30: calculating the soil nutrient supply of the current plot according to the soil nutrient detection value;
step 40: acquiring the nutrient demand of the crops according to the crop information;
step 50: calculating the nutrient application amount according to the nutrient demand and the soil nutrient supply amount;
step 60: calculating a standard fertilizer formula and a standard fertilizing amount according to the nutrient application amount and the fertilizer raw materials;
step 70: regulating the standard fertilizer formula and the standard fertilizing amount according to the PH value, the terrain, the soil quality, the fertilizing habit and the historical yield to obtain an actual fertilizer formula and an actual fertilizing amount;
step 80: sending the actual fertilizer formula and actual fertilizer application amount to the terminal device;
the soil nutrient supply amount is a soil mass coefficient and a soil available nutrient correction coefficient and a soil nutrient detection value and a soil nutrient conversion coefficient, wherein: the soil mass coefficient is more than or equal to 0.14 and less than or equal to 0.16; the soil available nutrient correction coefficient is the proportion of nutrients contained in the soil which can be absorbed and utilized by crops; the soil nutrient conversion coefficient is the mass ratio of N, P, K elements in the soil nutrient detection value and is converted into N, P2O5、K2The mass ratio of O;
the nutrient demand is the target yield per unit yield of absorbed nutrients, and the unit yield of absorbed nutrients is the amount of absorbed nutrients per unit yield of produced crops;
the nutrient application amount is (nutrient demand-soil nutrient supply amount)/(fertilizer nutrient content is fertilizer utilization rate), and the fertilizer utilization rate is the percentage of the nutrient amount absorbed and utilized by crops in the season in the total amount of applied nutrients after the fertilizer is applied to the soil;
the actual fertilizer formulation ═ standard fertilizer formulation × [ 100% + (PH adjustment factor-100%) + (historical yield adjustment factor-100%) + (fertilization habit first adjustment factor-100%) + (soil property first adjustment factor-100%) ];
when the pH value is more than or equal to 6.5 and less than or equal to 7, the pH value adjusting coefficient is 100 percent, when the pH value is more than or equal to 5 and less than 6.5, the pH value adjusting coefficient of nitrogen is improved by 1 percent, the pH value adjusting coefficient of phosphorus is improved by 1 to 5 percent, and the pH value adjusting coefficient of potassium is improved by 1 percent for every 0.1 reduction of the pH value; when the PH value is more than 7 and less than or equal to 8, the PH value adjusting coefficient of the nitrogen element is improved by 1-5 percent, the PH value adjusting coefficient of the phosphorus element is improved by 1 percent, and the PH value adjusting coefficient of the potassium element is improved by 1.2 percent when the PH value is increased by 0.1;
the historical yield adjusting coefficient is actual historical yield/theoretical yield of a standard fertilizer formula test;
if the fertilization habit is one-time fertilization, the first adjustment coefficients of the fertilization habits of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements are 130-160%, 100-110% and 110-120% respectively; if the fertilization habit is base fertilizer plus nitrogen topdressing, the fertilization habit adjustment coefficients of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements are respectively 100%, 100-110% and 110-115%;
if the soil quality is sandy soil, the first adjustment coefficient of the soil quality is 110-150%; if the soil quality is clay, the first adjusting coefficient of the soil quality is 85-97%;
the actual fertilizing amount is the standard fertilizing amount [ 100% + (soil quality second regulating coefficient-100%) + (terrain regulating coefficient-100%) + (fertilizing habit second regulating coefficient-100%) ];
if the fertilization habit is one-time fertilization, the second adjustment coefficient of the fertilization habit is 120-150%; if the fertilization habit is base fertilizer plus nitrogen topdressing, the second adjustment coefficient of the fertilization habit is 95-100%;
if the soil quality is sandy soil, the second adjustment coefficient of the soil quality is 110-170%; if the soil quality is clay, the second adjustment coefficient of the soil quality is 85-99%;
the terrain adjustment factor is (slope/90 °/10) × 100% + 100%.
2. The intelligent fertilizer preparation method of claim 1, further comprising:
step 11: acquiring soil summary information of a land parcel corresponding to the position information according to the position information, wherein the soil summary information comprises soil texture and basic nutrient content;
step 12: acquiring nutrient demand summary information of a plot corresponding to the position information according to the crop information and the position information, wherein the nutrient demand summary information comprises demand and demand period;
step 31: judging whether the nutrient content of the soil is rich or deficient according to the nutrient supply of the soil to obtain soil nutrient analysis summary information;
step 71: determining a fertilization management scheme according to the actual fertilizer formula, the actual fertilizing amount and the position information, and determining a crop management scheme according to crop information;
step 72: transmitting the soil summary information, the nutrient requirement summary information, the soil nutrition analysis summary information, the fertilization management plan, and the crop management plan to the terminal device.
3. The utility model provides a fertile device is joined in marriage to intelligence which characterized in that includes:
the fertilizer preparation request receiving module is used for receiving fertilizer preparation request information sent by the terminal equipment, and the fertilizer preparation request information comprises crop information and position information;
the soil data acquisition module is used for acquiring a soil nutrient detection value, a PH value, a terrain, soil texture, a fertilization habit and a historical yield of a land parcel corresponding to the position information according to the position information;
the soil nutrient supply amount calculation module is used for calculating the soil nutrient supply amount of the current plot according to the soil nutrient detection value;
the nutrient demand acquisition module is used for acquiring the nutrient demand of the crop according to the crop information;
the nutrient application amount calculation module is used for calculating nutrient application amount according to the nutrient demand and the soil nutrient supply amount;
the formula and fertilization amount calculation module is used for calculating a standard fertilizer formula and a standard fertilization amount according to the nutrient application amount and the fertilizer raw materials;
the adjusting module is used for adjusting the standard fertilizer formula and the standard fertilizing amount according to the PH value, the terrain, the soil quality, the fertilizing habit and the historical yield to obtain an actual fertilizer formula and an actual fertilizing amount;
the first sending module is used for sending the actual fertilizer formula and the actual fertilizing amount to the terminal equipment;
the soil nutrient supply amount is a soil mass coefficient and a soil available nutrient correction coefficient and a soil nutrient detection value and a soil nutrient conversion coefficient, wherein: the soil mass coefficient is more than or equal to 0.14 and less than or equal to 0.16; the soil available nutrient correction coefficient is the proportion of nutrients contained in the soil which can be absorbed and utilized by crops; the soil nutrient conversion coefficient is the mass ratio of N, P, K elements in the soil nutrient detection value and is converted into N, P2O5、K2The mass ratio of O;
the nutrient demand is the target yield per unit yield of absorbed nutrients, and the unit yield of absorbed nutrients is the amount of absorbed nutrients per unit yield of produced crops;
the nutrient application amount is (nutrient demand-soil nutrient supply amount)/(fertilizer nutrient content is fertilizer utilization rate), and the fertilizer utilization rate is the percentage of the nutrient amount absorbed and utilized by crops in the season in the total amount of applied nutrients after the fertilizer is applied to the soil;
the actual fertilizer formulation ═ standard fertilizer formulation × [ 100% + (PH adjustment factor-100%) + (historical yield adjustment factor-100%) + (fertilization habit first adjustment factor-100%) + (soil property first adjustment factor-100%) ];
when the pH value is more than or equal to 6.5 and less than or equal to 7, the pH value adjusting coefficient is 100 percent, when the pH value is more than or equal to 5 and less than 6.5, the pH value adjusting coefficient of nitrogen is improved by 1 percent, the pH value adjusting coefficient of phosphorus is improved by 1 to 5 percent, and the pH value adjusting coefficient of potassium is improved by 1 percent for every 0.1 reduction of the pH value; when the PH value is more than 7 and less than or equal to 8, the PH value adjusting coefficient of the nitrogen element is improved by 1-5 percent, the PH value adjusting coefficient of the phosphorus element is improved by 1 percent, and the PH value adjusting coefficient of the potassium element is improved by 1.2 percent when the PH value is increased by 0.1;
the historical yield adjusting coefficient is actual historical yield/theoretical yield of a standard fertilizer formula test;
if the fertilization habit is one-time fertilization, the first adjustment coefficients of the fertilization habits of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements are 130-160%, 100-110% and 110-120% respectively; if the fertilization habit is base fertilizer plus nitrogen topdressing, the fertilization habit adjustment coefficients of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements are respectively 100%, 100-110% and 110-115%;
if the soil quality is sandy soil, the first adjustment coefficient of the soil quality is 110-150%; if the soil quality is clay, the first adjusting coefficient of the soil quality is 85-97%;
the actual fertilizing amount is the standard fertilizing amount [ 100% + (soil quality second regulating coefficient-100%) + (terrain regulating coefficient-100%) + (fertilizing habit second regulating coefficient-100%) ];
if the fertilization habit is one-time fertilization, the second adjustment coefficient of the fertilization habit is 120-150%; if the fertilization habit is base fertilizer plus nitrogen topdressing, the second adjustment coefficient of the fertilization habit is 95-100%;
if the soil quality is sandy soil, the second adjustment coefficient of the soil quality is 110-170%; if the soil quality is clay, the second adjustment coefficient of the soil quality is 85-99%;
the terrain adjustment factor is (slope/90 °/10) × 100% + 100%.
4. The intelligent fertilizer distribution device of claim 3, further comprising:
the soil summary information acquisition module is used for acquiring soil summary information of a land parcel corresponding to the position information according to the position information, and the soil summary information comprises soil texture and basic nutrient content;
the nutrient demand summary information acquisition module is used for acquiring nutrient demand summary information of a plot corresponding to the position information according to the crop information and the position information, and the nutrient demand summary information comprises demand and demand period;
the soil nutrition analysis summary information acquisition module is used for judging the abundance of the nutrient content of the soil according to the soil nutrient supply amount to obtain soil nutrition analysis summary information;
the fertilization and crop management scheme acquisition module is used for determining a fertilization management scheme according to the actual fertilizer formula, the actual fertilization amount and the position information and determining a crop management scheme according to the crop information;
and the second sending module is used for sending the soil summary information, the nutrient demand summary information, the soil nutrition analysis summary information, the fertilization management scheme and the crop management scheme to the terminal equipment.
5. An intelligent fertilizer preparation system, which comprises a terminal device, a fertilizer preparation machine and the intelligent fertilizer preparation device of claim 3 or 4, wherein the terminal device and the fertilizer preparation machine are in signal connection with the intelligent fertilizer preparation device, and the intelligent fertilizer preparation system comprises:
the terminal device includes:
the fertilizer preparation request sending module is used for sending fertilizer preparation request information to the intelligent fertilizer preparation device, and the fertilizer preparation request information comprises crop information and position information;
the first receiving module is used for receiving the actual fertilizer formula and the actual fertilizing amount sent by the intelligent fertilizer preparation device;
the second receiving module is used for receiving soil summary information, nutrient demand summary information and soil nutrition analysis summary information sent by the intelligent fertilizer preparation device;
the fertilizer preparation machine is used for producing fertilizer according to an actual fertilizer formula and an actual fertilizer application amount.
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