CN108676306A - 一种3d打印用材料 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于3D打印材料技术领域，特别涉及一种3D打印用材料，按重量份计，所述3D打印用材料包括：丙烯酸5‑20份；丙烯酸甲酯20‑40份；甲基丙烯酸糠酯20‑40份；溶剂40‑80份；交联剂30‑50份；引发剂0.1‑1份；无机纤维1‑10份；多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷0.5‑5份；木棉花花托颗粒0.5‑5份。相对于现有技术，本发明通过在丙烯酸树脂中引入添加成分(包括无机纤维、多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷和木棉花花托颗粒)，可以使得该材料的光学和机械性能得到一定程度的增强，并具有较高的打印精度和优良的柔韧性，具体表现为拉伸强度、弹性模量、断裂伸长率、弯曲强度等性能指标。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于3D打印材料技术领域，特别涉及一种3D打印用材料。
背景技术
上世纪80年代，3D打印技术诞生，与传统的“去除”的加工方法不停，3D打印是一种自下而上的制造方式，也被称作增材制造技术，即通过层层堆积的方式实现数字模型到实物的构建。由于其简便、快捷优势，自诞生以来，3D打印技术便受到了极大的关注并因此得到了快速发展。近几十年来，3D打印技术在工业设计、建筑、汽车、航空航天、牙科、教育等领域都有所应用，但其应用和发展仍然受到诸多因素的限制。除了仪器设备及打印过程参数之外，原材料也是影响3D打印产品质量的关键因素，它将直接影响最终产品的表面质量、耐热性、韧性等。因此，开发具有优越的综合性能的复合材料来克服单一材料的缺陷和应用局限性是这一领域的研究热点。
光敏树脂是一种能够在光的作用下发生聚合反应由液态转变为固态的物质，将其作为增材制造方式的3D打印技术，与传统制造过程相比，具有简便、快捷和精度高等优点，因此，近年来人们对于3D打印技术的关注日益增多。近年来，作为光敏树脂的丙烯酸树脂由于本身机械强度较差，需对其进行改性才能满足高精度、高强度、结构复杂的器件的制造需求。
有鉴于此，本发明旨在提供一种3D打印用材料，其通过在丙烯酸树脂中引入添加成分，可以使得该材料的光学和机械性能得到一定程度的增强，并具有较高的打印精度和优良的柔韧性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于：针对现有技术的不足，而提供一种3D打印用材料，其通过在丙烯酸树脂中引入添加成分，可以使得该材料的光学和机械性能得到一定程度的增强，并具有较高的打印精度和优良的柔韧性。
为了实现上述目的，本发明所采用如下技术方案：
一种3D打印用材料，按重量份计，所述3D打印用材料包括：
其中，丙烯酸、丙烯酸甲酯和甲基丙烯酸糠酯在引发剂的引发下、交联剂的交联作用下聚合成丙烯酸光敏树脂，无机纤维可以起到增强的效果，由于光敏树脂在光照固化期间容易发生翘曲变形，且光敏树脂固化后的强力普遍较低，光敏树脂的这两个缺点严重阻碍了光固化3D打印设备在工业领域中的快速发展，在光敏树脂中加入无机纤维可以解决光敏树脂成型后强力不足的问题，防止其翘曲变形。多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷(POSS)本身就是无机-有机杂化的结构，其中的Si-O-Si无机内核具有优良的热稳定性和结构稳定性，而有机取代基组成的外壳则可以赋予POSS良好的有机相容性及溶解性，POSS的加入可以提高材料的热稳定性。木棉花花托颗粒具有很强的柔韧性，加入该颗粒可以提高材料的韧性。
作为本发明3D打印用材料的一种改进，按重量份计，所述3D打印用材料包括：
作为本发明3D打印用材料的一种改进，所述溶剂为醋酸乙酯、环己烷、正已烷、二氧六环和丙酮的至少一种。
作为本发明3D打印用材料的一种改进，所述交联剂为丙烯酸-2-羟乙酯、丙烯酸-2-羟丙酯、甲基丙烯酸-2-羟乙酯和甲基丙烯酸-2-羟丙酯中的至少一种。
作为本发明3D打印用材料的一种改进，所述引发剂为多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷-二苯甲酮光引发剂。该引发剂具有稳定性高、光活性好的优点，其是通过将POSS引入二苯甲酮中而形成的杂化型光引发剂。
作为本发明3D打印用材料的一种改进，所述无机纤维为长度为0.5mm-3mm、直径为50nm-100nm的短切碳纤维，或者为3-(三甲氧基甲硅基)甲基丙烯酸丙酯修饰的γ-AlOOH纳米线，或者为3-(三甲氧基甲硅基)甲基丙烯酸丙酯修饰的γ-Al2O3纳米线。碳纤维具有高比模量、耐高温、高比强度、抗化学腐蚀、高热导等优点，而且在有机溶剂、酸、碱中不溶胀。γ-Al2O3纳米线和γ-AlOOH纳米线本身具有优异的力学性能，将其加入材料中，可以明显增强材料的力学性能。经过修饰后的γ-Al2O3纳米线和γ-AlOOH纳米线可以增强二者与树脂之间的相互作用力。
作为本发明3D打印用材料的一种改进，所述木棉花花托颗粒的粒径为0.5μm-50μm。
总之，相对于现有技术，本发明通过在丙烯酸树脂中引入添加成分(包括无机纤维、多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷和木棉花花托颗粒)，可以使得该材料的光学和机械性能得到一定程度的增强，并具有较高的打印精度和优良的柔韧性，具体表现为拉伸强度、弹性模量、断裂伸长率、弯曲强度等性能指标。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例，对本发明作进一步详细的描述，但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
实施例1
本实施例提供了一种3D打印用材料，按重量份计，所述3D打印用材料包括：
溶剂为醋酸乙酯，交联剂为丙烯酸-2-羟乙酯，引发剂为多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷-二苯甲酮光引发剂，无机纤维为长度为0.5mm-3mm、直径为50nm-100nm的短切碳纤维，木棉花花托颗粒的粒径为0.5μm-50μm。
实施例2
本实施例提供了一种3D打印用材料，按重量份计，所述3D打印用材料包括：
溶剂为环己烷，交联剂为丙烯酸-2-羟丙酯，引发剂为多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷-二苯甲酮光引发剂，无机纤维为长度为3-(三甲氧基甲硅基)甲基丙烯酸丙酯修饰的γ-AlOOH纳米线。木棉花花托颗粒的粒径为0.5μm-50μm。
实施例3
本实施例提供了一种3D打印用材料，按重量份计，所述3D打印用材料包括：
实施例4
本实施例提供了一种3D打印用材料，按重量份计，所述3D打印用材料包括：
溶剂为二氧六环，交联剂为甲基丙烯酸-2-羟丙酯，引发剂为多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷-二苯甲酮光引发剂。无机纤维为长度为3-(三甲氧基甲硅基)甲基丙烯酸丙酯修饰的γ-Al2O3纳米线。木棉花花托颗粒的粒径为0.5μm-50μm。
实施例5
本实施例提供了一种3D打印用材料，按重量份计，所述3D打印用材料包括：
溶剂为丙酮，交联剂为丙烯酸-2-羟乙酯，引发剂为多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷-二苯甲酮光引发剂，无机纤维为长度为0.5mm-3mm、直径为50nm-100nm的短切碳纤维，木棉花花托颗粒的粒径为0.5μm-50μm。
测试实施例1至5的材料固化后的弯曲强度、弯曲模量、拉伸强度、弹性模量、艾氏耐冲击强度，所得结果见表1。
表1：实施例1至5的材料固化后的物理性能参数。
由表1可知，本发明的弯曲强度、弯曲模量、拉伸强度、弹性模量、艾氏耐冲击强度等性能指标良好，证明本发明的材料打印出来的实体成品具有良好的力学性能、高打印精度和优良的柔韧性
根据上述说明书的揭示和教导，本发明所属领域的技术人员还可以对上述实施方式进行变更和修改。因此，本发明并不局限于上面揭示和描述的具体实施方式，对本发明的一些修改和变更也应当落入本发明的权利要求的保护范围内。此外，尽管本说明书中使用了一些特定的术语，但这些术语只是为了方便说明，并不对本发明构成任何限制。
Claims (7)
1.一种3D打印用材料，其特征在于，按重量份计，所述3D打印用材料包括：
2.根据权利要求1所述的3D打印用材料，其特征在于，按重量份计，所述3D打印用材料包括：
3.根据权利要求1所述的3D打印用材料，其特征在于，所述溶剂为醋酸乙酯、环己烷、正已烷、二氧六环和丙酮的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的3D打印用材料，其特征在于，所述交联剂为丙烯酸-2-羟乙酯、丙烯酸-2-羟丙酯、甲基丙烯酸-2-羟乙酯和甲基丙烯酸-2-羟丙酯中的至少一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的3D打印用材料，其特征在于，所述引发剂为多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷-二苯甲酮光引发剂。
6.根据权利要求1所述的3D打印用材料，其特征在于，所述无机纤维为长度为0.5mm-3mm、直径为50nm-100nm的短切碳纤维，或者为3-(三甲氧基甲硅基)甲基丙烯酸丙酯修饰的γ-AlOOH纳米线，或者为3-(三甲氧基甲硅基)甲基丙烯酸丙酯修饰的γ-Al2O3纳米线。
7.根据权利要求1所述的3D打印用材料，其特征在于，所述木棉花花托颗粒的粒径为0.5μm-50μm。
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