CN108658897B - 乙酰苄胺哌嗪和/或哌啶类衍生物及其作为脑神经保护剂的应用 - Google Patents
乙酰苄胺哌嗪和/或哌啶类衍生物及其作为脑神经保护剂的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108658897B CN108658897B CN201710202352.9A CN201710202352A CN108658897B CN 108658897 B CN108658897 B CN 108658897B CN 201710202352 A CN201710202352 A CN 201710202352A CN 108658897 B CN108658897 B CN 108658897B
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- Prior art keywords
- compound
- piperazine
- piperidine
- hydrogen
- piperidine derivative
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- AHWALFGBDFAJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl carbonochloridate Chemical compound ClC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 AHWALFGBDFAJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000506 psychotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- MQDVUDAZJMZQMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridin-2-ylurea Chemical compound NC(=O)NC1=CC=CC=N1 MQDVUDAZJMZQMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229950009825 selfotel Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HUAUNKAZQWMVFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxocalcium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+].[Ca]=O HUAUNKAZQWMVFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940066771 systemic antihistamines piperazine derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012353 t test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000103 thrombolytic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000451 tissue damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000827 tissue damage Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000820 toxicity test Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940124549 vasodilator Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003071 vasodilator agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D295/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D295/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with hetero atoms directly attached to ring nitrogen atoms
- C07D295/28—Nitrogen atoms
- C07D295/32—Nitrogen atoms acylated with carboxylic or carbonic acids, or their nitrogen or sulfur analogues
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- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/72—Nitrogen atoms
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- C07D231/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings
- C07D231/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D231/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D231/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D231/38—Nitrogen atoms
- C07D231/40—Acylated on said nitrogen atom
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- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D261/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,2-oxazole rings
- C07D261/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,2-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D261/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,2-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D261/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,2-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D261/14—Nitrogen atoms
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D263/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings
- C07D263/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D263/30—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D263/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D263/48—Nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical
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- C07D277/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D277/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D277/32—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D277/38—Nitrogen atoms
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- C07D285/01—Five-membered rings
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- C07D285/04—Thiadiazoles; Hydrogenated thiadiazoles not condensed with other rings
- C07D285/12—1,3,4-Thiadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3,4-thiadiazoles
- C07D285/125—1,3,4-Thiadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3,4-thiadiazoles with oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atoms, directly attached to ring carbon atoms, the nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical
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Abstract
本发明公开了一类乙酰苄胺哌嗪和/或哌啶类衍生物,作为脑神经保护剂有望克服现有神经保护剂药物存在的活性低或心脏毒性大等缺点。其中所述乙酰苄胺哌嗪和/或哌啶类衍生物,为具有通式I所示的化合物或其盐:
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一类乙酰苄胺哌嗪和/或哌啶类衍生物,以及该化合物作为脑神经保护剂的用途。
背景技术
脑卒中(cerebral stroke)又称“中风”或“脑血管意外”(cerebral vascularaccident,CVA)是由于脑部血管突然破裂或因血管阻塞导致血液不能流入大脑而引起脑组织损伤的一组疾病,包括出血性和缺血性卒中。脑卒中具有发病率高、致残率高、复发率高、致死率高的特点,是世界性的健康难题。目前使用的抗脑卒中药物主要为溶栓和抗凝血剂、血管扩张剂、自由基清除剂、神经保护剂及一些活血化瘀中药组方等。研究表明,神经保护剂可减小脑梗死面积,不引发出血,无溶栓、抗凝治疗出血的并发症,用前无需进行详细的病因鉴别诊断,其使脑卒中早期预防或治疗成为可能。同时,神经保护剂也是阿尔茨海默病、帕金森氏病或脑肿瘤等脑神经损伤类疾病治疗的主要选择方案之一。
大量神经保护剂药物在临床前研究中具有很好的活性,但进入临床后却因疗效不确切或毒副作用太强而被终止临床(如:selfotel、aptiganel、eliprodil、licostinel、gavestinel、lanicemine、UK-240455、SM-31900等)。分析其可能的原因有以下几个方面:(1)进入脑内的药物浓度未达到治疗浓度;(2)治疗时间窗较窄;(3)临床实验方案不完善;(4)出现严重的毒副反应,如精神病样的副反应、运动障碍、认知障碍等;(5)在活性、毒性方面存在人和动物的种属差异。
因此,临床医生及患者仍迫切需要新作用机制、疗效确切、安全可靠的既有抗脑梗塞治疗作用、又能保护受损神经元,尤其是减少中风脑组织损伤,改善卒中后果的脑神经保护剂问世。
发明内容
本发明人在专利CN1381448(申请号02111614.8)中公开了一类芳烷甲酰烷基哌嗪衍生物具有较好脑神经保护及抗脑卒中活性,其中最优选化合物为N1-苯甲酰甲基-N4-苄胺基甲酰甲基哌嗪(IV-23,结构式见式1),其治疗急性局灶性脑梗塞效果显著、神经系统副作用少,于2006年获得SFDA的新药临床批文。临床研究发现,IV-23在人体内主要代谢产物羟基代谢产物M1(结构式见式2)属心脏毒性高危险化合物,存在安全性风险。
本发明人研究发现:可通过对IV-23结构中的“苯乙酮”结构片段进行合理改造,避免式2中“苯甲醇”片段类毒性代谢物的产生,从而减少此类化合物心脏毒性风险,最终可获得神经保护活性高、心脏毒性副作用小的化合物。如何经结构改造得到神经保护作用好,同时心脏毒性低的化合物需经合成、药理等试验来验证。
本发明目的或解决的技术问题是提供一类乙酰苄胺哌嗪和/或哌啶类衍生物,作为脑神经保护剂有望克服现有神经保护剂药物存在的活性低或心脏毒性大等缺点。
本发明的技术方案涉及一类乙酰苄胺哌嗪和/或哌啶类衍生物及其作为脑神经保护剂的应用,以克服现有神经保护剂类药物存在的活性低、心脏毒性大等缺陷。具体技术方案如下:
本发明所述的乙酰苄胺哌嗪和/或哌啶类衍生物,为具有通式I所示的化合物或其盐:
其中,
n为0或1;
X为CH或N;
Y为CH或N,
R1,R2,R3,R4,R5,R6各自独立地代表氢、甲基、甲氧基、羟基、三氟甲基或卤素。
所述化合物的盐为含有药物的化学上可接受的阴离子盐,优选盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、硫酸盐、醋酸盐、三氟醋酸盐、柠檬酸盐、酒石酸盐、马来酸盐、富马酸盐、甲磺酸盐、对甲苯磺酸盐、草酸盐。
进一步优选地,
Y为CH或N,
R1,R2,R3,R4,R5,R6各自独立地代表氢、甲基、甲氧基、三氟甲基或卤素。
其中,进一步地,R1为氢、甲基、甲氧基、三氟甲基或F;R2为氢;R3为甲基;R4为氢;R5为氢或甲基;R6为氢。
其中,当Y为CH时,R1为甲基、甲氧基、三氟甲基或F;当Y为N时,R1为氢。
本发明涉及的化合物可包括,但不限于下表1所示的化合物:
本发明所述化合物或其盐是为克服专利CN1381448(申请号02111614.8)中化合物潜在心脏毒性,通过改变CN1381448中化合物的苯乙酮片段,而获得的整体结构完全不同的新化合物,结构上具有新颖性。
药理实验表明,本发明化合物在体外表现出明显的对抗谷氨酸诱发的神经元兴奋毒性的作用,其中化合物编号为T-5,T-9~T-11体外活性优于阳性药IV-23(专利CN1381448中的最优选化合物);小鼠体内耐缺氧活性测试显示化合物T-5,T-9~T-11在高剂量条件下均有延长小鼠存活时间的趋势,其中化合物T-5,T-10和T-11在三个剂量下均可显著延长小鼠存活时间,且较阳性药IV-23活性更强;herg试验表明化合物T-5,T-10和T-11心脏毒性风险小于阳性化合物IV-23;化合物T-5,T-10和T-11对小鼠灌胃给药最大耐受量大于500mg/kg,动物耐受性较好。
因此,本发明化合物具有神经保护作用活性高、心脏副作用小、安全性高的优点,较专利CN1381448或CN105418506(申请号:201410482745.6)中化合物V-15相比,结构新颖,活性及安全性具有创造性优势,具有深入研究的价值。
本发明还涉及一种组合物,包括治疗有效量的所述化合物或其盐和医药学上可接受的载体,所述的载体如香料、甜味剂、液体或固体填料或稀释剂等常用载体物质,并采用本领域公知的方法,制成常用的药用制剂,如片剂、胶囊、粉剂、糖浆、液剂、悬浮剂或针剂,制剂通常含有重量百分比为0.1%~99.5%的有效成分,较佳重量含量为5~50%。
本发明所述的化合物或其盐临床上可以通过口服或静脉注射方式对哺乳动物(包括人)进行给药,其中尤以静脉注射方式最佳。用药剂量为每日1~100mg\kg(po)或1~50mg\kg(iv),最佳剂量视个体而定,通常开始时剂量较小,然后逐渐增加用量。
本发明还涉及所述的化合物或盐或上述的药物组合物用于治疗脑神经损伤类疾病的应用,优选地,所述的治疗脑神经损伤类疾病为脑中风及相关疾病。
综上,本发明的优点在于,所述化合物及其药用制剂对于治疗脑神经损伤类疾病,如脑中风及相关疾病有很好的疗效,急性毒性低且不具有心脏毒性风险。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例进一步阐明本发明的内容,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于这些实施例。
本发明所述的化合物可采用以下三种方法进行合成:
方法一:化合物T-1~T-9,T-12和T-13的合成
0-5℃下,将取代氨基化合物(I)(5mmol,1.0eq)和吡啶(8.75mmol,1.75eq)溶于30mLDMF中。在该温度下,向其中滴加氯甲酸苯酯(6.4mmol,1.28eq),保持温度在10℃以下,反应3h。反应结束后,将反应体系缓慢滴加入50mL冰水中,产品析出,继续搅拌15min。减压过滤,滤饼用少量乙醚洗涤,真空干燥得N-芳基甲酸苯酯()。
室温下,将N-乙酰苄胺-4-氨基哌啶盐酸盐(Ⅳ)(2.26mmol,1.0eq)投入20mlDMF中,再向其中投入Ⅲ(2.26mmol,1.0eq),滴加吡啶2滴。室温下反应1.5h,升温至回流状态下,反应6h。反应结束后,冷却至室温。减压浓缩反应液,得淡黄色油状物,向油状物中加入饱和碳酸钠溶液,调节PH至9-10。用二氯甲烷20ml连续萃取2次,合并萃取液,再用饱和食盐水20ml洗涤后,加入无水硫酸钠干燥。减压浓缩除去二氯甲烷,得淡黄色固体。经柱层析或重结晶纯化得目标化合物T-1~T-9,T-12和T-13。
方法二:化合物T-10的合成
将肉桂酸(1.0eq)、HBTU(1.1eq)溶于20mL DMF中,室温搅拌1h后,加入I(1.0eq),并滴加三乙胺(3.0eq),室温搅拌过夜。反应毕,将反应液滴加入50ml冰水中,白色固体析出,继续冰浴下搅拌1h。抽滤,滤饼用少量乙醚洗涤,真空干燥,得白色粉末状固体。用甲醇重结晶得目标化合物T-10。
方法三:化合物T-11的合成
将I(1.0eq)溶于THF中,加入适量CDI(1.2eq),室温搅拌2h后,加入金刚烷胺(1.0eq),并滴加适量三乙胺(3.0eq),室温搅拌过夜。TLC板检测,反应毕,将反应液倒入冰水中,并用EA萃取多次,合并有机层,水洗至中性,再用饱和食盐水洗涤,加入无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩有机相,剩余物经柱层析(二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1)纯化得目标化合物T-11。
将上述目标化合物T-1~T-13置于5%酸/乙醇中回流溶解,冷却析出化合物相关盐,所述的酸为盐酸、氢溴酸、硫酸、醋酸、三氟醋酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸、马来酸、富马酸、甲磺酸、对甲苯磺酸或草酸。
上述三种方法制备过程中所涉及的原料、试剂可以通过商业渠道购买。
实施例1 N-苄基-2-(4-(3-苯基脲基)哌啶)乙酰胺(T-1)及其盐的制备
以苯胺为原料,按照方法一操作,得目标产物0.51g,收率59.3%。ESI-MS[M+H]+:m/z=367.2,1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm:9.94(s,1H,CONH),9.24-9.18(m,1H),7.58(s,3H),7.37-7.26(m,5H),6.79(d,J=4.0Hz,1H),6.88(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),4.37(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),4.05-3.98(m,2H),3.74-3.67(m,1H),3.49(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),3.17(q,J=8.0Hz,1H),2.09-1.99(m,2H),1.91(s,1H),1.83-1.70(m,2H).
化合物T-1盐酸盐的制备
将化合物T-1(0.3g)、5%盐酸水溶液(0.8mmol)加入到乙醇(10mL)中,回流溶解,冷却析出白色固体,过滤,得0.3g白色T-1盐酸盐固体。
化合物T-1甲磺酸盐的制备
将化合物T-1(0.3g)、甲磺酸水溶液(0.8mmol)加入到乙醇(10mL)中,回流溶解,冷却析出白色固体,过滤,得0.28g白色T-1甲磺酸盐固体。
化合物T-1氢溴酸酸盐的制备
将化合物T-1(0.3g)、5%氢溴酸水溶液(0.8mmol)加入到乙醇(10mL)中,回流溶解,冷却析出白色固体,过滤,得0.34g白色T-1氢溴酸酸盐固体。
化合物T-1草酸盐的制备
将化合物T-1(0.3g)、草酸二水合物(0.8mmol)加入到乙醇(10mL)中,回流溶解,冷却析出白色固体,过滤,得0.35g白色T-1草酸盐固体。
实施例2 N-苄基-2-(4-(3-(4-(三氟甲基)苯基脲基)哌啶)乙酰胺(T-2)及其盐的
制备
以对三氟甲基苯胺为原料,按照方法一操作,得目标产物0.43g,收率55.4%。ESI-MS[M+H]+:m/z=435.2;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm:9.83(s,1H),9.24-9.19(m,1H),8.92(s,1H),7.40-7.25(m,7H),7.05(t,J=8.0Hz,2H),4.36(d,J=4.0Hz,2H),4.06-3.98(m,2H),3.72-3.65(m,1H),3.48(d,J=12.0Hz,2H),3.22-3.14(m,1H),2.09-1.99(m,2H),1.91(s,1H),1.79-1.68(m,2H).
化合物T-2氢溴酸酸盐的制备
以化合物T-2(2.0mmol)、5%氢溴酸水溶液(2.1mmol)为原料,采用化合物T-1氢溴酸盐的制备方法,得0.9g白色T-2氢溴酸酸盐固体。
实施例3 N-苄基-2-(4-(3-(4-氟苯基)脲)哌啶)乙酰胺(T-3)及其盐的制备
以对氟苯胺为原料,按照通法一操作,得目标产物0.87g,收率67%。ESI-MS[M+H]+:m/z=385.2;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm:9.96(s,1H),9.12(t,J=8.0Hz,2H),9.24-9.18(m,1H),8.80(s,1H),7.38-7.25(m,7H),7.21(t,J=8.0Hz,2H),6.88(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),4.36(d,J=4.0Hz,2H),4.05-4.02(m,1H),3.98(d,J=4.0Hz,2H),3.49(d,J=12.0Hz,2H),3.39(s,1H),3.18(q,J=12.0Hz,1H),2.04-1.99(m,2H),1.79-1.69(m,2H).
化合物T-3富马酸盐的制备
以化合物T-3(2.3mmol)、富马酸(2.4mmol)为原料,采用化合物T-1氢溴酸盐的制备方法,得1.0g白色固体。
实施例4 N-苄基-2-(4-(3-(4-甲氧基苯基)脲)哌啶)乙酰胺(T-4)及其盐的制备
以对甲氧基苯胺为原料,按照方法一操作,得目标产物0.75g,收率65%。ESI-MS[M+H]+:m/z=391.1;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm:9.94(s,1H),9.24-9.18(m,1H),8.81(d,J=28.0Hz,1H),8.56(s,1H),7.37-7.26(m,7H),6.86-6.79(m,2H),4.36(d,J=4.0Hz,2H),4.05-3.98(m,2H),3.70(d,J=8.0Hz,4H),3.50-3.39(m,3H),3.17(q,J=12.0Hz,1H),2.03-1.99(m,2H),1.78-1.65(m,2H).
化合物T-4丁二酸盐的制备
以化合物T-4(2.2mmol)、丁二酸(2.4mmol)为原料,采用化合物T-1氢溴酸盐的制备方法,得1.1g白色固体。
实施例5 2-(4-(3-(1,3,4-噻二唑-2)脲)哌啶)-N-苄基乙酰胺(T-5)及其盐的制 备
以2-氨基-1,3,4-噻二唑为原料,按照方法一操作,得目标产物0.36g,收率45%。ESI-MS[M+H]+:m/z=375.2;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm:10.58(s,1H),8.97(s,1H),8.26(dt,J=20.0Hz,4.0Hz,1H),7.33-7.30(m,2H),7.26-7.22(m,3H),6.82(s,1H),4.30(t,J=8.0Hz,2H),3.51(s,1H),2.98-2.94(m,2H),2.75-2.67(m,2H),2.19(dt,J=28.0Hz,8.0Hz,2H),1.81(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),1.71(d,J=4.0Hz,1H),1.51(td,J=12.0Hz,4.0Hz,1H),1.35(td,J=8.0Hz,4.0Hz,1H).
以化合物T-5(2.0mmol)、酒石酸(2.1mmol)为原料,采用化合物T-1氢溴酸盐的制备方法,得1.0g白色固体。
实施例6 N-苄基-2-(4-(3-(吡啶基)脲)哌啶)乙酰胺(T-6)及其盐的制备
以3-氨基吡啶为原料,按照方法一操作,得目标产物0.89g,收率55%。ESI-MS[M+H]+:m/z=368.2;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm:8.52(s,1H),8.50(d,J=4.0Hz,1H),8.25(t,J=4.0Hz,1H),8.10(dd,J=4.0Hz,3.6Hz,1H),7.87(dq,J=8.0Hz,4.0Hz,1H),7.32-7.30(m,2H),7.25-7.22(m,4H),6.29(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),4.30(t,J=4.0Hz,2H),3.51-3.48(m,1H),2.97(s,1H),2.94(d,J=4.0Hz,1H),2.75-2.71(m,2H),2.21(t,J=4.0Hz,1H),2.15(t,J=4.0Hz,1H),1.80(dd,J=8.0Hz,4.0Hz,2H),1.46(td,J=8.0Hz,4.0Hz,2H).
化合物T-6盐酸盐的制备
以化合物T-6(1.8mmol)、5%盐酸水溶液(1.9mmol)为原料,采用化合物T-1氢溴酸盐的制备方法,得0.85g白色固体。
实施例7 2-(4-(3-(1H-吡唑基)脲)哌啶)-N-苄基乙酰胺(T-7)及其盐的制备
以3-氨基吡唑为原料,按照方法一操作,得目标产物0.45g,收率47%。ESI-MS[M+H]+:m/z=357.1;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm:8.22(s,1H,CONH),7.88(d,J=4.0Hz,2H,CONH),7.36-7.31(m,3H,ArH),7.26-7.22(m,3H,ArH),5.75(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),5.27(s,2H),4.30(d,J=4.0Hz,2H),3.57(t,J=4.0Hz,1H),2.98(s,2H),2.78(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),2.19(t,J=4.0Hz,2H),1.76(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),1.69-1.64(m,2H).
化合物T-7氢溴酸盐的制备
以化合物T-7(1.9mmol)、5%氢溴酸水溶液(2.0mmol)为原料,采用化合物T-1氢溴酸盐的制备方法,得0.93g白色固体。
实施例8 N-苄基-2-(4-(3-(5-甲基恶唑)脲)哌啶)乙酰胺(T-8)及其盐的制备
以3-氨基-5-甲基异恶唑为原料,按照方法一操作,得目标产物0.98g,收率68%。ESI-MS[M+H]+:m/z=372.1;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm:9.93(s,1H),9.29(s,1H),9.17(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.37-7.25(m,5H,ArH),6.98(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),6.40(s,1H),4.36(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),3.98(s,2H),3.69(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),3.48(d,J=12.0Hz,2H),3.17(q,J=8.0Hz,2H),2.32(s,3H),2.02(d,J=12.0Hz,2H),1.76(t,J=8.0Hz,2H).
化合物T-8草酸盐的制备
以化合物T-8(2.4mmol)、二水合草酸(2.5mmol)为原料,采用化合物T-1氢溴酸盐的制备方法,得1.2g白色固体,收率85%。
实施例9 N-苄基-2-(4-(3-(异恶唑)脲)哌啶)乙酰胺(T-9)及其盐的制备
以3-氨基异恶唑为原料,按照方法一操作,得目标产物0.59g,收率65%。ESI-MS[M+H]+:m/z=358.2;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm:9.95(s,1H),9.46(s,1H),9.18(s,1H),8.67(s,1H),7.37-7.25(m,5H,ArH),6.72(s,1H),4.35(d,J=4.0Hz,2H),4.03(d,J=4.0Hz,2H),3.49(d,J=12.0Hz,2H),3.18(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),2.03(d,J=12.0Hz,2H),1.77(t,J=12.0Hz,2H),1.17(t,J=8.0Hz,1H).
以化合物T-9(2.2mmol)、冰醋酸(2.3mmol)为原料,采用化合物T-1氢溴酸盐的制备方法,得1.1g白色固体。
实施例10 N-(4-(2-(苄胺)-2-乙氧基)哌嗪)苯甲酰胺(T-10)及其盐的制备
以苯甲酸为原料,按照方法二操作,得目标产物0.78g,收率72%,ESI-MS[M+H]+:m/z=353.1;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm:9.45(s,1H),8.25(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.76(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.52(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.45(t,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.34-7.22(m,5H),4.31(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),3.02(s,2H),2.92(t,J=4.0Hz,4H),2.67(s,4H).
化合物T-10盐酸盐的制备
以化合物T-10(2.3mmol)、5%盐酸水溶液(2.4mmol)为原料,采用化合物T-1氢溴酸盐的制备方法,得0.9g白色固体。
实施例11 2-(4-(3-(金刚烷胺)脲基)哌嗪)-N-苯甲酰胺(T-11)及其盐的制备
以金刚烷胺为原料,按照方法三操作,得目标产物0.67g,收率41%,ESI-MS[M+H]+:m/z=426.2;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm:10.06(s,1H),9.19(t,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.96(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.77-7.73(m,1H),7.60(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.37-7.26(m,5H),4.37(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),4.00(s,3H),3.52(d,J=12.0Hz,2H),3.27-3.19(m,2H),2.06(d,J=12.0Hz,2H),1.95-1.86(m,2H).
化合物T-11马来酸盐的制备
以化合物T-11(2.1mmol)、马来酸(2.2mmol)为原料,采用化合物T-1氢溴酸盐的制备方法,得1.06g白色固体。
实施例12 N-苄基-2-(4-(3-(5-甲基噻唑)脲)哌啶)甲酰胺(T-12)及其盐的制备
以2-氨基-5-甲基噻唑为原料,按照方法一操作,得目标产物0.66g,收率61%。ESI-MS[M+H]+:m/z=388.1;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm:9.96(s,1H),8.27(s,1H),7.32-7.23(m,5H),6.95(s,1H),6.54(s,1H),4.31(d,J=4.0Hz,2H),3.50(s,1H),2.98(s,2H),2.71(s,2H),2.28-2.22(m,5H),1.81(d,J=4.0Hz,2H),1.47(d,J=4.0Hz,2H).
以化合物T-12(2.2mmol)、甲磺酸(2.3mmol)为原料,采用化合物T-1氢溴酸盐的制备方法,得1.12g白色固体。
实施例13 N-苄基-2-(4-(3-环己基脲)哌啶)甲酰胺(T-13)及其盐的制备
以环己基苯胺为原料,按照方法一操作,得目标产物0.87g,收率67%。ESI-MS[M+H]+:m/z=373.1;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm:9.97(s,1H),9.24(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.36-7.25(m,5H),4.35(d,J=8.0Hz,3H),4.05-3.98(m,3H),3.63-3.53(m,1H),3.47-3.41(m,2H),3.40-3.34(m,3H),3.30-3.26(m,1H),3.14(q,J=12.0Hz,1H),2.01-1.95(m,2H),1.72-1.61(m,4H),1.52-1.49(m,1H),1.29-1.04(m,3H).
化合物T-13对甲苯磺酸盐的制备
以化合物T-13(2.4mmol)、对甲苯磺酸(2.5mmol)为原料,采用化合物T-1氢溴酸盐的制备方法,得1.35g白色固体。
实施例14化合物拮抗谷氨酸诱导的神经元损伤作用试验
在细胞模型上观察谷氨酸诱发的神经元损伤以及乙酰苄胺哌嗪和/或哌啶类衍生物可能的保护作用,并与阳性受试品比较。专利CN1381448中的最优选化合物IV-23在以往的研究中已显示其具有对抗NMDA诱发的神经元兴奋毒性作用,在本研究中作为阳性对照药。同时选择专利CN 105418506 A中化合物V-15作为阳性对照药。
应用谷氨酸诱导的神经元兴奋毒性模型(SHSY5Y细胞损伤模型),对包括阳性药IV-23和V-15在内的共15个化合物是否具有对抗谷氨酸兴奋毒性作用进行了药效学筛选。
结果显示,给予谷氨酸(100μM)可明显减低神经元细胞的活力;阳性药IV-23显示一定神经元细胞保护作用,且呈现剂量依赖性,而化合物V-15则未显示出保护作用。本专利测试化合物中,T-5,T-7~T-12具有一定的对抗谷氨酸诱发的神经元兴奋毒性的作用。其中,T-5,T-9~T-11体外活性与阳性药IV-23(专利CN1381448中的最优选化合物)相比,活性更强,且具有良好量效关系,具有深入研究的价值。结果见表2。
表2化合物对谷氨酸引起的神经元损伤模型的影响
实施例15化合物抗小鼠耐缺氧活性
观察四个化合物T-5,T-9~T-11尾静脉给药对小鼠常压耐缺氧能力的影响。
方法:取雄性ICR小鼠200只,体重25~30g,分为20组,分别为DMSO对照组,T-5低、中、高剂量组(2、6、20mg/kg),T-9低、中、高剂量组(2、6、20mg/kg),T-10低、中、高剂量组(2、6、20mg/kg),T-11低、中、高剂量组(2、6、20mg/kg),阳性药IV-23(6mg/kg),每组10只动物。给药体积为0.1ml/10g,小鼠尾静脉注射给予各样品后,将各组小鼠分别放入盛有5g钠石灰的250ml磨口瓶内(每瓶1只),加盖密封,以呼吸停止为死亡指征,观察小鼠存活时间。统计学处理采用t检验,所有数据以均数±标准偏差(x±SD)表示。
结果:阳性药IV-23小鼠的存活时间明显长于对照组(P<0.05)。各给药组小鼠的存活时间均长于对照组,其中,T-5,T-9~T-11在高剂量条件下均有延长小鼠存活时间的趋势,其中化合物T-5,T-10和T-11在三个剂量下均可显著延长小鼠存活时间,且较阳性药IV-23(专利CN1381448中的最优选化合物)活性更强,具有深入研究价值。试验结果见表3。
表3药物对小鼠常压耐缺氧存活时间的影响(x±s)
实施例16hERG实验考察化合物潜在心脏毒性
对体内外活性均优的化合物T-5,T-10和T-11进行体外hERG钾离子抑制实验,以考察三个化合物的潜在心脏毒性风险。以专利CN1381448中化合物IV-23和专利CN 105418506A中化合物V-15作为阳性对照药。
结果表4显示,3个化合物的心脏毒性风险都小于化合物IV-23和V-15,均显示出较低的心脏毒性风险,其中,化合物T-10潜在心脏毒性最低。
表4心脏hERG钾电流检测结果
·>40μM指该化合物抑制效应在40μM时小于50%
实施例17化合物灌胃给药最大耐受量毒性试验
取ICR小鼠40只,雌雄各半,体重18~20g,分为4组,每组10只动物。禁食6小时后,每组分别用灭菌塑料注射器抽取受试样品按0.3ml/10g体积口服灌胃。给药后1、2、4小时均对动物的一般体征以及动物的死亡情况进行记录。给药后连续观察14天,每天对动物的体重以及体征死亡情况进行观察和记录。对死亡动物进行解剖,观察动物脏器有没有出现肉眼可见的病理变化,对可疑的组织和器官进行病理学检查。
实验结果表明:化合物T-5,T-10和T-11对小鼠灌胃给药最大耐受量大于500mg/kg,动物耐受性较好。
实施例18组合物片剂制备
制备方法:将实施例1-13中任一化合物与蔗糖、玉米淀粉混合,加水湿润,搅拌均匀,干燥,粉碎过筛,加入硬脂酸钙,混合均匀,压片。每片重200mg,活性成分含量为10mg。
实施例19组合物针剂制备
实施例1-13中任一的化合物20mg
注射用水80mg
制备方法:将活性成分溶解与注射用水,混合均匀,过滤,将所获得的溶液在无菌条件下分装与安瓿瓶中,每瓶10mg,活性成分含量为2mg/瓶。
本发明虽然已以较佳实施例公开如上,但其并不是用来限定本发明,任何本领域技术人员在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,都可以利用上述揭示的方法和技术内容对本发明技术方案做出可能的变动和修改,因此,凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰,均属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。
Claims (14)
5.根据权利要求1或2任一项所述的乙酰苄胺哌嗪和/或哌啶类衍生物,其特征在于,R1为氢、甲基、甲氧基、三氟甲基或F;R2为氢;R3为甲基;R4为氢;R5为氢或甲基;R6为氢。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的乙酰苄胺哌嗪和/或哌啶类衍生物,其特征在于,当Y为CH时,R1为甲基、甲氧基、三氟甲基或F;当Y为N时,R1为氢。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的乙酰苄胺哌嗪和/或哌啶类衍生物,其特征在于,所述化合物的盐为含有药物的化学上可接受的阴离子盐,所述阴离子盐为盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、硫酸盐、醋酸盐、三氟醋酸盐、柠檬酸盐、酒石酸盐、马来酸盐、富马酸盐、甲磺酸盐、对甲苯磺酸盐、草酸盐。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的乙酰苄胺哌嗪和/或哌啶类衍生物,其特征在于,所述乙酰苄胺哌嗪和/或哌啶类衍生物选自:
2-(4-(3-(1,3,4-噻二唑-2)脲)哌啶)-N-苄基乙酰胺;
2-(4-(3-(1H-吡唑基)脲)哌啶)-N-苄基乙酰胺;
N-苄基-2-(4-(3-(5-甲基异恶唑)脲)哌啶)乙酰胺;
N-苄基-2-(4-(3-(异恶唑)脲)哌啶)乙酰胺;
N-(4-(2-(苄胺)-2-乙氧基)哌嗪)苯甲酰胺;
2-(4-(3-(金刚烷胺)脲基)哌嗪)-N-苯甲酰胺;
N-苄基-2-(4-(3-(5-甲基噻唑)脲)哌啶)甲酰胺。
9.一种药物组合物,包括治疗有效量的、权利要求1~8任一项所述的化合物或其盐和医药学上可接受的载体。
10.根据权利要求9所述的一种药物组合物,其特征在于,所述的载体为香料、甜味剂、液体、固体填料或稀释剂。
11.根据权利要求9所述的一种药物组合物,其特征在于,所述的组合物被制备成含有重量百分比为0.1%~99.5%的有效成分的片剂、胶囊、粉剂、液剂或悬浮剂。
12.根据权利要求11所述的一种药物组合物,其特征在于,所述的组合物含有重量百分比为5~50%的有效成分。
13.权利要求1~8任一项所述的化合物或权利要求9~12任一项所述的药物组合物用于制备治疗脑神经损伤类疾病的药物中的应用。
14.根据权利要求13所述的应用,其中所述的脑神经损伤类疾病为脑卒中。
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