CN108651775B - Traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation for improving immunity of crayfishes and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation for improving immunity of crayfishes and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation for improving the immunity of crayfishes, a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine compound comprises the following steps: respectively pulverizing Glycyrrhrizae radix, radix Sangusorbae, radix Codonopsis, Poria and radix Isatidis by micronization technology to obtain Glycyrrhrizae radix micropowder, radix Sangusorbae micropowder, radix Codonopsis micropowder, Poria micropowder and radix Isatidis micropowder, respectively, and mixing Glycyrrhrizae radix micropowder, radix Sangusorbae micropowder, radix Codonopsis micropowder, Poria micropowder, radix Isatidis micropowder and radix astragali polysaccharide. The traditional Chinese medicine compound has reasonable formula, can be used as a crayfish feed additive, and can reduce the incidence rate of crayfish and accelerate the growth of crayfish. The preparation method of the Chinese herbal compound is extremely simple and convenient to operate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture animal feed additives, and particularly relates to a traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation for improving immunity of crayfishes, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The scientific name of crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, has delicious meat taste and rich nutrition, and gradually becomes an important aquatic product on a dining table. The expansion of the consumer market further stimulates the development of the breeding industry, in recent years, the breeding scale of the crayfishes is rapidly increased, and the breeding area in the whole country exceeds 900 ten thousand mu. However, with the increase of the cultivation intensity, the problems of exposure in the cultivation process are increasingly prominent, such as water environment pollution, disease outbreak, growth retardation and the like, and the development of the industry is seriously influenced.
Therefore, how to strengthen the physique of the crayfish, improve the growth speed of the crayfish and shorten the breeding period is an urgent task for the crayfish breeding industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the prior art, the invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation for improving the immunity of crayfishes and a preparation method and application thereof.
The preparation method of the Chinese herbal compound is extremely simple and convenient to operate.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the above purpose of the invention is as follows:
a traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation for improving the immunity of crayfishes is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
a traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation for improving the immunity of crayfishes is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
a preparation method of a traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation for improving the immunity of crayfishes comprises the following steps:
respectively crushing liquorice, garden burnet, codonopsis pilosula, poria cocos and isatis root by adopting an ultramicro crushing technology to respectively obtain liquorice superfine powder, garden burnet superfine powder, codonopsis pilosula superfine powder, poria cocos superfine powder and isatis root superfine powder, and uniformly mixing the liquorice superfine powder, the garden burnet superfine powder, the codonopsis pilosula superfine powder, the poria cocos superfine powder, the isatis root superfine powder and astragalus polysaccharide to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation for improving the immunity of the crayfish.
Application of a Chinese medicinal compound preparation for improving immunity of crayfish in preparation of crayfish feed additive is provided.
Further, a traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation with the mass of 0.3-0.4% of the basic feed is added into the basic feed for crayfish.
Compared with the prior art, its beneficial effect and advantage lie in:
1. the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation has wide source and low price of raw materials, and the preparation method is extremely simple and convenient, so the cost is low.
2. The traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation can enhance the immunity of the crayfishes, reduce the morbidity, obviously enhance the digestion and absorption functions of the crayfishes, improve the utilization rate of feed, reduce the feed coefficient and promote the growth and development of the crayfishes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the change in acid phosphatase activity in hemolymph of crayfish in experiment group A, experiment group B and control group.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the change in the activity of acid superoxide dismutase in the hemolymph of crayfish in experiment group A, experiment group B and control group.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the change in the activity of phenol oxidase in hemolymph of crayfish in experiment group A, experiment group B and control group.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
A traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation for improving the immunity of crayfishes is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation for improving the immunity of crayfish comprises the following steps:
respectively crushing liquorice, garden burnet, codonopsis pilosula, poria cocos and isatis roots by using an ultrafine crusher to respectively obtain liquorice ultrafine powder, garden burnet ultrafine powder, codonopsis pilosula ultrafine powder, poria cocos ultrafine powder and isatis root ultrafine powder, and uniformly mixing the liquorice ultrafine powder, the garden burnet ultrafine powder, the codonopsis pilosula ultrafine powder, the poria cocos ultrafine powder, the isatis root ultrafine powder and astragalus polysaccharide to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation for improving the immunity of the crayfish.
Example 2
A traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation for improving the immunity of crayfishes is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation for improving the immunity of crayfish comprises the following steps:
respectively crushing liquorice, garden burnet, codonopsis pilosula, poria cocos and isatis root by using an ultrafine crusher to respectively obtain liquorice ultrafine powder, garden burnet ultrafine powder, codonopsis pilosula ultrafine powder, poria cocos ultrafine powder and isatis root ultrafine powder, and uniformly mixing the liquorice ultrafine powder, the garden burnet ultrafine powder, the codonopsis pilosula ultrafine powder, the poria cocos ultrafine powder, the isatis root ultrafine powder and astragalus polysaccharide to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation for improving the immunity of crayfish
Effect test of the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation for improving immunity of crayfish as crayfish feed additive
1. Test materials
1.1 test reagents
L-DOPA (levodopa, which measures the activity of phenol oxidase), an acid phosphatase determination kit (WST-1 method), a total superoxide dismutase determination kit (WST-1 method), and a basic feed for crayfish (purchased from Oncorhynchus ensis aquatic feed Co., Ltd., product standard number: Q/JYJ 001-2016).
1.2 test feed
Test feed A: adding the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation prepared in the embodiment 1 with the mass of 0.35% of the mass of the basic feed into the basic feed;
test feed B: adding the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation prepared in the embodiment 2 with the mass of 0.35 percent of the mass of the basic feed into the basic feed;
control feed: a basal feed.
1.3 Experimental equipment
The device comprises an ultrafine grinder, an enzyme-labeling instrument and an electronic scale.
1.4 test crayfish
Healthy crayfish larvae with undamaged appearance, uniform size and 5 g/tail specification and taken from a crayfish breeding base.
2. Test method
2.1, grouping tests:
dividing the test group into a test group A, a test group B and a control group according to the test requirements, setting 2 repeats in each group, and putting 3500 tail crayfish larvae in each repeat.
2.2, test site:
the test site adopts 6 ponds with the length-width ratio of 3:2 and the area of 1 mu. Before the test begins, the waterweeds are planted in the pond to provide a habitat for the crayfishes; after the aquatic weeds survive, the water level is increased to about 70cm, and then phytoplankton, photosynthetic bacteria and the like in the water body are cultured; after various indexes of the detected water quality are normal and stable, feeding crayfish larvae in groups according to the above steps, and feeding platforms are arranged in the center and around the pond and used for observing the feeding condition of the crayfish.
2.3, raising management
And (3) temporarily culturing for 7 days after seedling placement, feeding with basic feed, feeding with the experimental group A and the experimental group B after the temporary culture period is finished, and feeding with the basic feed for the control group. The daily feeding amount of each group is 4% of the weight of the crayfish, the crayfish is fed for 2 times every day, 30% of the daily feeding amount of the crayfish at 7 o 'clock in the morning and 70% of the daily feeding amount of the crayfish at 6 o' clock in the afternoon, the feeding amount is adjusted in time according to the feeding and growth conditions of the crayfish during feeding, and the water level and water quality regulation and control are the same as those in the actual breeding process.
2.4 detection sample Collection
After the test is started, sampling is carried out on 7 th, 14 th, 21 th and 28 th days, and the sampling steps are as follows: placing ground cages in each pond, randomly fishing 30 shrimps in each pond, measuring the weight of all the shrimps, then selecting 10 crayfishes with similar weight, using a 1mL syringe to extract hemolymph from a pericardial cavity, placing the crayfishes in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ overnight, taking the crayfishes out, centrifuging the crayfishes for 10min by using a 4 ℃ centrifuge (5000r/min), taking supernatant (serum), and freezing and storing the supernatant at minus 20 ℃ for later use.
2.5 evaluation of Effect
3 indexes of acid phosphatase, superoxide dismutase and phenol oxidase were selected to evaluate immune function, wherein the acid phosphatase and superoxide dismutase activities were measured using corresponding kits, and the phenol oxidase activity was measured using a modified Ashida method.
3 indexes of weight gain rate (WG) of 100 x (W), specific growth rate and feed coefficient are selected to evaluate growth performancet－W0)/W0Specific Growth Rate (SGR) of 100 × (Ln W)t－Ln W0) T, bait coefficient (FCR) FI/(W)t－W0) Wherein W is0Is the initial average mass of crayfish, WtThe final average weight of the crayfish, t the number of feeding days, and FI the average total feed intake of each crayfish.
3. And (3) test results:
3.1, immune function test:
the results of the changes in acid phosphatase, superoxide dismutase and phenol oxidase of test group a, test group B and control group are shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, respectively, and it can be seen from fig. 1 that the activity of acid phosphatase of test group a was significantly improved on days 14 and 28, and was improved on days 7 and 21, but was not significant, as compared with the control group, and the activity of acid phosphatase of test group B was significantly improved throughout the entire test.
As can be seen from fig. 2, the activity of superoxide dismutase of test group a was significantly increased at day 7, and was increased at day 14, day 21 and day 28, but was not significant, compared to the control group, and the activity of superoxide dismutase of test group B was increased but was not significant throughout the course of the test.
As can be seen from fig. 3, the phenol oxidizing enzyme activity of test group a was improved on days 7 and 21, but not significantly, the phenol oxidizing enzyme activity of test group B was improved on day 7, and was significantly improved on days 14, 21 and 28, compared to the control group.
3.2, growth performance test:
the results of the crayfish weight gain, specific growth rate and feed coefficient for the experimental group a, the experimental group B and the control group after 28 days of the experiment are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 growth Performance test results
| Grouping | Weight gain (%) | Specific growth Rate (%) | Coefficient of bait |
| Experimental group A | 360±90.00a | 5.37±0.77a | 0.76±0.26ab |
| Experimental group B | 362±59.65a | 5.44±0.48a | 0.72±0.14a |
| Control group | 286±67.65b | 4.77±0.64b | 0.94±0.24b |
Note: data in the table are shown as (mean ± sd), with significant differences (P <0.05) indicated by different letters in the same column.
As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the control group, the weight gain rate of the experiment group A is averagely improved by 25.9 percent, the specific growth rate is averagely improved by 12.6 percent, and the bait coefficient is averagely reduced by 19.1 percent; the weight gain rate of the experiment group B is averagely improved by 26.6 percent, the specific growth rate is averagely improved by 14.0 percent, and the bait coefficient is averagely reduced by 23.4 percent.
Therefore, the compound Chinese herbal medicine growth promoter for crayfish can be used as a crayfish feed additive, so that the immunity of crayfish can be enhanced, the growth speed of crayfish can be obviously increased, and the feed coefficient can be reduced.
Claims (5)
1. A traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation for improving the immunity of crayfishes is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
2. the compound traditional Chinese medicine preparation for improving the immunity of crayfishes according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
3. the preparation method of the compound traditional Chinese medicine preparation for improving the immunity of crayfish as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
respectively crushing liquorice, garden burnet, codonopsis pilosula, poria cocos and isatis root by adopting an ultramicro crushing technology to respectively obtain liquorice superfine powder, garden burnet superfine powder, codonopsis pilosula superfine powder, poria cocos superfine powder and isatis root superfine powder, and uniformly mixing the liquorice superfine powder, the garden burnet superfine powder, the codonopsis pilosula superfine powder, the poria cocos superfine powder, the isatis root superfine powder and astragalus polysaccharide to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation for improving the immunity of the crayfish.
4. The application of the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation for improving the immunity of crayfish of claim 1 as a crayfish feed additive.
5. The application of the compound traditional Chinese medicine preparation for improving the immunity of crayfish according to claim 4 is characterized in that: adding a traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation with the mass of 0.3-0.4% of the mass of the basic feed into the crayfish basic feed.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109528916A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-29 | 天门粤海饲料有限公司 | A kind of Chinese herbal medicine freshwater crayfish feed stuff disease-resistant additive |
| CN111388613B (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2021-11-23 | 山西中医药大学 | Traditional Chinese veterinary medicine astragalus root compound particles for promoting growth and enhancing immunity |
| CN115024443A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-09 | 湖南文和友乔口小龙虾养殖有限公司 | Crayfish feed additive and preparation method and application thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1197648A (en) * | 1997-04-28 | 1998-11-04 | 马玉宗 | Shrimp growth promoter |
| CN1692794A (en) * | 2004-05-09 | 2005-11-09 | 福建农林大学 | Fish growth promoting prepn. made up of Chinese herb medicines |
| CN106343255A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-25 | 梁小荣 | Feed capable of promoting toxin expelling of freshwater shrimps and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1197648A (en) * | 1997-04-28 | 1998-11-04 | 马玉宗 | Shrimp growth promoter |
| CN1692794A (en) * | 2004-05-09 | 2005-11-09 | 福建农林大学 | Fish growth promoting prepn. made up of Chinese herb medicines |
| CN106343255A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-25 | 梁小荣 | Feed capable of promoting toxin expelling of freshwater shrimps and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 复方中草药制剂对罗氏沼虾生长和;张耀武等;《淡水渔业》;20081130;第42-43页 * |
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