CN115024443A - Crayfish feed additive and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Crayfish feed additive and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a crayfish feed additive and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of crayfish breeding. The feed additive comprises the following preparation raw materials: chinese yam, astragalus, selfheal, motherwort, isatis root and wolfberry. The feed additive contains multiple effective components capable of stimulating the development of immune organs of crayfish, enhancing immunity, and improving immunity of crayfish; meanwhile, the crayfish feed can also play a good role in regulating the functions, metabolism and the like of the digestive system of the crayfish. Thereby promoting the growth of crayfishes, improving the survival rate and the weight gain rate of the crayfishes and improving the disease resistance of the crayfishes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of crayfish breeding, and particularly relates to a crayfish feed additive and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Crayfish, also known as Procambarus clarkii and red crayfish, has a delicious meat taste and rich nutrition and is gradually an important aquatic product on a dining table. The growth cycle of the crayfish is relatively short, and one crayfish only needs half a year from the birth, the hatching to the maturity and the marketing. However, the crayfish breeding process has the problems of poor disease resistance and high morbidity.
Therefore, the development of a crayfish feed additive is required, and the disease resistance of crayfish can be improved by adding the crayfish feed additive into the crayfish feed.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides the crayfish feed additive, and the crayfish feed additive can promote the growth of crayfish and improve the disease resistance of crayfish when added into crayfish feed.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the crayfish feed additive.
The invention also provides application of the crayfish feed additive in preparation of crayfish feed.
The invention also provides a crayfish feed which can promote the growth of crayfish and improve the disease resistance of crayfish.
The invention also provides application of the crayfish feed in the crayfish breeding industry.
Specifically, in a first aspect of the invention, the crayfish feed additive comprises the following preparation raw materials: chinese yam, astragalus, selfheal, motherwort, isatis root and wolfberry.
According to one technical scheme of the feed additive provided by the invention, the feed additive at least has the following beneficial effects:
the rhizoma Dioscoreae mainly contains saponin and polysaccharides, and has pharmacological effects of resisting inflammation, resisting fungi and regulating immunity; therefore, the Chinese yam is used as the feed additive, and the disease resistance of the crayfish is favorably improved.
Astragalus membranaceus (Latin scientific name: Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge.), another name: astragalus, mulberry, hollyhock, baiben, cotton, astragalus root and sanguisorba; the herba Adianti mainly contains astragaloside IV, astragaloside, calycosin glucoside, calycosin, flavone and polysaccharide, and has effects of improving immunity, resisting oxidation and virus, regulating immunity and resisting stress.
Selfheal, another name: rhizoma paridis, herba Achnatheri Inebriantis, flos Callicarpae Formosanae, etc.; mainly contains triterpene and its glycosides, flavonoids, sterols, coumarin, organic acids, volatile oil and saccharides, and has antiviral, immunosuppressive activity and antioxidant bioactivity.
Motherwort (Latin's name: Leonurus japonica Houtt), alias: herba Leonuri, and herba Artemisiae Annuae mainly contain alkaloids, flavonoids, diterpenes, fatty acids, and volatile oil. Antioxidant, antiinflammatory, analgesic and antibacterial effects.
Radix Isatidis is dried root of Isatis tinctoria Isatis indigotica fort. of Cruciferae. The chemical components of the isatis root comprise alkaloid, lignan, flavone and the like, and have the functions of resisting bacterial endotoxin, resisting inflammation and influencing immune function.
Lycium barbarum (Lycium chinense Miller) is a plant of Lycium of Solanaceae. The fruit of Chinese wolfberry fruit, mainly contains Chinese wolfberry polysaccharide; the fructus Lycii polysaccharide has effects of promoting immunity.
According to the application, the raw materials are matched, so that the development of immune organs of the crayfish is stimulated, and the immunity of the crayfish is improved; thereby improving the disease resistance of the crayfish; the probability of infection of the crayfish by parasites and tail rot of the crayfish is reduced.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the feed additive comprises the following preparation raw materials in parts by weight: 10 to 20 parts of yam, 10 to 20 parts of astragalus, 5 to 10 parts of selfheal, 10 to 15 parts of motherwort, 6 to 8 parts of isatis root and 3 to 5 parts of medlar.
According to the invention, the consumption of each preparation raw material is controlled within the range, so that the digestion and absorption rate of the crayfish is promoted, and the growth speed of the crayfish is increased.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the feed additive comprises the following preparation raw materials in parts by weight: 15 to 20 portions of yam, 10 to 15 portions of astragalus root, 5 to 8 portions of selfheal, 12 to 15 portions of motherwort, 6 to 8 portions of isatis root and 3 to 5 portions of medlar.
The invention provides a preparation method of the crayfish feed additive in a second aspect, which comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the Chinese yam, the astragalus membranaceus, the selfheal, the motherwort herb, the isatis root and the medlar, extracting with alcohol, and collecting a liquid phase;
s2, purifying the liquid phase by macroporous resin, eluting by ethanol water solution, collecting eluent, and concentrating to dryness.
According to one technical scheme of the preparation method provided by the invention, the preparation method at least has the following beneficial effects:
the Chinese yam, the astragalus, the selfheal, the motherwort, the isatis root and the medlar contain flavonoid compounds, polysaccharide compounds, saponin compounds and other components, and have multiple functions of resisting bacteria, diminishing inflammation, improving the immunity of organisms and the like.
The effective extraction of the components is realized by an alcohol extraction method, and the mass content of the effective components in the feed additive is improved; meanwhile, the liquid phase after alcohol extraction is further purified through macroporous resin, so that the mass content of effective components (flavonoid compounds, polysaccharide compounds and saponin compounds) in the feed additive is further improved, the utilization rate of the effective components in the feed additive by the crayfish is improved, and the disease resistance and the growth rate of the crayfish are finally improved.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the alcohol-extracted extractant is ethanol.
The ethanol has good extraction effect and no pollution.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the mass to volume ratio of the astragalus to the extractant is 1 g: 100mL to 200 mL.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the temperature of the alcohol extraction is 60 ℃ to 70 ℃.
If the temperature of alcohol extraction is too low, the extraction speed is slow.
The temperature of alcohol extraction is too high, and the volatilization of an extracting agent is aggravated, so that the production cost is increased, and meanwhile, the decomposition of effective ingredients in the feed additive is caused due to the too high temperature.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the alcohol extraction time is 1h to 2 h.
If the alcohol extraction time is too short, the extraction rate is low.
Too long alcohol extraction time will result in reduced production efficiency.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the macroporous resin is a D101 type macroporous resin column.
The D101 type macroporous resin column has good adsorption effect on the flavonoid compounds, the polysaccharide compounds and the saponin compounds, thereby realizing the adsorption and purification of the flavonoid compounds and the saponin compounds.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the volume fraction of the aqueous ethanol solution is between 80% and 90%.
The volume fraction of the ethanol water solution is controlled in the range, so that the effective components in the feed are fully purified.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the eluent is used in an amount of 3BV to 4 BV.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the flow rate of the elution is between 1BV/h and 1.5 BV/h.
The third aspect of the invention provides application of the crawfish feed additive in preparing crawfish feed.
The crayfish feed additive disclosed by the invention contains various effective components, so that the development of immune organs of crayfish can be stimulated, the immunity is enhanced, and the immunity of crayfish is improved; meanwhile, the crayfish feed can also play a good role in regulating the functions, metabolism and the like of the digestive system of the crayfish. Thereby promoting the growth of crayfishes, improving the survival rate and the weight gain rate of the crayfishes and improving the disease resistance of the crayfishes.
The invention provides a crawfish feed, and the preparation raw materials comprise the crawfish feed additive.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the crawfish feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of basal feed and 0.1-0.2 part of crayfish feed additive.
The fifth aspect of the invention provides the application of the crayfish feed in the crayfish breeding industry.
The feed provided by the invention has the advantages of easily available raw materials and low cost. The feed additive contains multiple effective components capable of stimulating development of immune organs of crayfish, enhancing immunity, and improving immunity of crayfish; meanwhile, the crayfish feed can also play a good role in regulating the functions, metabolism and the like of the digestive system of the crayfish. Thereby promoting the growth of crayfishes, improving the survival rate and the weight gain rate of the crayfishes and improving the disease resistance of the crayfishes.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention.
Detailed Description
The concept and technical effects of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, and all embodiments are within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are conventional products which are not indicated by manufacturers and are commercially available.
Specific examples of the present invention are described in detail below.
Example 1
The embodiment is a crayfish feed additive and a preparation method thereof.
The crayfish feed additive in the embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the crayfish feed additive in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing rhizoma Dioscoreae, radix astragali, Prunellae Spica, herba Leonuri, radix Isatidis and fructus Lycii, grinding into fine powder (40 mesh), adding ethanol (the volume-to-mass ratio of ethanol to radix astragali is 100: 1), extracting at 65 deg.C for 2 hr, separating solid and liquid phases, and collecting liquid phase;
s2, purifying and eluting the liquid phase in the step S1 by using D101 type macroporous resin, wherein an eluent is an ethanol water solution with the volume fraction of 85%, the elution speed is 1BV/h, and the using amount of the eluent is 3 BV; collecting eluate, and concentrating under reduced pressure to dryness.
Example 2
The embodiment is a crayfish feed additive and a preparation method thereof.
The crayfish feed additive in the embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the crayfish feed additive in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing rhizoma Dioscoreae, radix astragali, Prunellae Spica, herba Leonuri, radix Isatidis and fructus Lycii, grinding into fine powder (40 mesh), adding ethanol (the volume-to-mass ratio of ethanol to radix astragali is 100: 1), extracting at 65 deg.C for 2 hr, separating solid and liquid phases, and collecting liquid phase;
s2, purifying and eluting the liquid phase in the step S1 by using D101 type macroporous resin, wherein an eluent is an ethanol water solution with the volume fraction of 85%, the elution speed is 1BV/h, and the using amount of the eluent is 3 BV; collecting eluate, and concentrating under reduced pressure to dryness.
Example 3
The embodiment relates to a crayfish feed additive and a preparation method thereof.
The crayfish feed additive in the embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the crayfish feed additive in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing rhizoma Dioscoreae, radix astragali, Prunellae Spica, herba Leonuri, radix Isatidis and fructus Lycii, grinding into fine powder (40 mesh), adding ethanol (the volume-to-mass ratio of ethanol to radix astragali is 100: 1), extracting at 65 deg.C for 2 hr, separating solid and liquid phases, and collecting liquid phase;
s2, purifying and eluting the liquid phase in the step S1 by using D101 type macroporous resin, wherein an eluent is an ethanol water solution with the volume fraction of 85%, the elution speed is 1BV/h, and the using amount of the eluent is 3 BV; collecting eluate, and concentrating under reduced pressure to dryness.
Example 4
The embodiment is a crayfish feed additive and a preparation method thereof.
The crayfish feed additive in the embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the crayfish feed additive in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing rhizoma Dioscoreae, radix astragali, Prunellae Spica, herba Leonuri, radix Isatidis and fructus Lycii, grinding into fine powder (40 mesh), adding ethanol (the volume to mass ratio of ethanol to radix astragali is 100: 1), extracting at 65 deg.C for 2 hr, separating solid and liquid, and collecting liquid phase;
s2, purifying and eluting the liquid phase in the step S1 by adopting D101 type macroporous resin, wherein an eluent is an ethanol water solution with the volume fraction of 95%, the elution speed is 1BV/h, and the using amount of the eluent is 3 BV; collecting eluate, and concentrating under reduced pressure to dryness.
Example 5
The embodiment is a crayfish feed additive and a preparation method thereof.
The crayfish feed additive in the embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the crayfish feed additive in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
mixing rhizoma Dioscoreae, radix astragali, Prunellae Spica, herba Leonuri, radix Isatidis and fructus Lycii, and grinding into fine powder (40 mesh).
Example 5
The embodiment is a crayfish feed additive and a preparation method thereof.
The crayfish feed additive in the embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the crayfish feed additive in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing rhizoma Dioscoreae, radix astragali, Prunellae Spica, herba Leonuri, radix Isatidis and fructus Lycii, grinding into fine powder (40 mesh), adding ethanol (the volume to mass ratio of ethanol to radix astragali is 100: 1), extracting at 50 deg.C for 2 hr, separating solid and liquid, and collecting liquid phase;
s2, purifying and eluting the liquid phase in the step S1 by using D101 type macroporous resin, wherein an eluent is an ethanol water solution with the volume fraction of 85%, the elution speed is 1BV/h, and the using amount of the eluent is 3 BV; collecting eluate, and concentrating under reduced pressure to dryness.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example is a crayfish feed additive and a preparation method thereof.
The crayfish feed additive in the comparative example consists of the following preparation raw materials in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the crayfish feed additive in the comparative example comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing radix astragali, Spica Prunellae, herba Leonuri, radix Isatidis and fructus Lycii, grinding into fine powder (40 mesh), adding ethanol (the volume to mass ratio of ethanol to radix astragali is 100: 1), extracting at 65 deg.C for 2 hr, separating solid and liquid, and collecting liquid phase;
s2, purifying and eluting the liquid phase in the step S1 by using D101 type macroporous resin, wherein an eluent is an ethanol water solution with the volume fraction of 85%, the elution speed is 1BV/h, and the using amount of the eluent is 3 BV; collecting eluate, and concentrating under reduced pressure to dryness.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example is a crayfish feed additive and a preparation method thereof.
The crayfish feed additive in the comparative example consists of the following preparation raw materials in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the crayfish feed additive in the comparative example comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing rhizoma Dioscoreae, Prunellae Spica, herba Leonuri, radix Isatidis and fructus Lycii, grinding into fine powder (40 mesh), adding ethanol (the volume to mass ratio of ethanol to radix astragali is 100: 1), extracting at 65 deg.C for 2 hr, separating solid and liquid, and collecting liquid phase;
s2, purifying and eluting the liquid phase in the step S1 by using D101 type macroporous resin, wherein an eluent is an ethanol water solution with the volume fraction of 85%, the elution speed is 1BV/h, and the using amount of the eluent is 3 BV; collecting eluate, and concentrating under reduced pressure to dryness.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example is a crayfish feed additive and a preparation method thereof.
The crayfish feed additive in the comparative example consists of the following preparation raw materials in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the crayfish feed additive in the comparative example comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing rhizoma Dioscoreae, radix astragali, herba Leonuri, radix Isatidis and fructus Lycii, grinding into fine powder (40 mesh), adding ethanol (the volume to mass ratio of ethanol to radix astragali is 100: 1), extracting at 65 deg.C for 2 hr, separating solid and liquid, and collecting liquid phase;
s2, purifying and eluting the liquid phase in the step S1 by using D101 type macroporous resin, wherein an eluent is an ethanol water solution with the volume fraction of 85%, the elution speed is 1BV/h, and the using amount of the eluent is 3 BV; collecting eluate, and concentrating under reduced pressure to dryness.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example is a crayfish feed additive and a preparation method thereof.
The crayfish feed additive in the comparative example consists of the following preparation raw materials in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the crayfish feed additive in the comparative example comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing rhizoma Dioscoreae, radix astragali, Prunellae Spica, radix Isatidis and fructus Lycii, grinding into fine powder (40 mesh), adding ethanol (the volume-to-mass ratio of ethanol to radix astragali is 100: 1), extracting at 65 deg.C for 2 hr, separating solid and liquid, and collecting liquid phase;
s2, purifying and eluting the liquid phase in the step S1 by using D101 type macroporous resin, wherein an eluent is an ethanol water solution with the volume fraction of 85%, the elution speed is 1BV/h, and the using amount of the eluent is 3 BV; collecting eluate, and concentrating under reduced pressure to dryness.
Comparative example 5
The comparative example is a crayfish feed additive and a preparation method thereof.
The crayfish feed additive in the comparative example consists of the following preparation raw materials in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the crayfish feed additive in the comparative example comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing rhizoma Dioscoreae, radix astragali, Prunellae Spica, herba Leonuri and fructus Lycii, grinding into fine powder (40 mesh), adding ethanol (the volume-to-mass ratio of ethanol to radix astragali is 100: 1), extracting at 65 deg.C for 2 hr, separating solid and liquid, and collecting liquid phase;
s2, purifying and eluting the liquid phase in the step S1 by using D101 type macroporous resin, wherein an eluent is an ethanol aqueous solution with the volume fraction of 85%, the elution speed is 1BV/h, and the using amount of the eluent is 3 BV; collecting eluate, and concentrating under reduced pressure to dryness.
Comparative example 6
The comparative example is a crayfish feed additive and a preparation method thereof.
The crayfish feed additive in the comparative example consists of the following preparation raw materials in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the crayfish feed additive in the comparative example comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing rhizoma Dioscoreae, radix astragali, Prunellae Spica, herba Leonuri and radix Isatidis, grinding into fine powder (40 mesh), adding ethanol (the volume-to-mass ratio of ethanol to radix astragali is 100: 1), extracting at 65 deg.C for 2 hr, separating solid and liquid phases, and collecting liquid phase;
s2, purifying and eluting the liquid phase in the step S1 by using D101 type macroporous resin, wherein an eluent is an ethanol water solution with the volume fraction of 85%, the elution speed is 1BV/h, and the using amount of the eluent is 3 BV; collecting eluate, and concentrating under reduced pressure to dryness.
Example of detection
Healthy crayfish seedlings (weight is about 5 g/tail) 35000 tails which are not damaged and have uniform size are selected and randomly divided into 13 groups, and 1000 shrimp seedlings in each group are respectively marked as a control group and an experimental group 1-12.
Wherein the control group is fed with BOUSSAC Tongwei lobster feed.
The experiment groups 1 to 6 respectively feed the compound feed prepared by matching the crayfish feed additive and the BOUSSAC Tongwei feed in the embodiments 1 to 6 (the mass ratio of the crayfish feed additive to the BOUSSAC Tongwei feed is 0.1: 100; the experiment group 1 corresponds to the embodiment 1; the experiment group 2 corresponds to the embodiment 2; and so on).
The experimental groups 7-12 are respectively fed with the compound feed prepared by matching the crayfish feed additive and the BOUSSAC Tongwei lobster feed in the comparative examples 1-6 (the mass ratio of the crayfish feed additive to the BOUSSAC Tongwei lobster feed is 0.1: 100; the experimental group 7 corresponds to the comparative example 1; the experimental group 8 corresponds to the comparative example 2; and so on).
The feed amount fed by each group is 3% of the weight of the crayfish, and the feed amount is controlled in a range of 8: 30% of the feed amount on 00 feeding day, 18: 70% of the feed amount of 00 feeding day, and the other feeding conditions are consistent.
After 30 days of feeding, the survival rate, the weight gain rate and the number of crayfish with rotten tail were measured.
The survival rate, the weight gain rate and the tail rot rate are calculated as follows:
survival (%). crayfish number at the end of the test/crayfish number at the beginning of the test x 100.
The weight gain (%) is (average weight of crawfish at the end of test-average weight of crawfish at the beginning of test)/average weight of crawfish at the beginning of test × 100.
Tail rot rate (%) — the number of tail rot in the surviving crayfish at the end of the test/the number of surviving crayfish at the end of the test × 100.
The results of the above measurements are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
| Group of | Survival rate (%) | Weight gain (%) | Number of rotten tail | Tail rot rate (%) |
| Experimental group 1 | 96.3 | 1032.4 | 12 | 1.2 |
| Experimental group 2 | 98.5 | 1065.7 | 10 | 1.0 |
| Experimental group 3 | 91.2 | 910.2 | 22 | 2.4 |
| Experimental group 4 | 93.1 | 980.4 | 19 | 2.0 |
| Experimental group 5 | 94.3 | 1010.3 | 17 | 1.8 |
| Experimental group 6 | 95.4 | 925.9 | 15 | 1.6 |
| Experimental group 7 | 85.3 | 882.7 | 88 | 10.3 |
| Experimental group 8 | 86.7 | 885.2 | 75 | 8.7 |
| Experimental group 9 | 85.4 | 871.6 | 81 | 9.5 |
| Experimental group 10 | 83.6 | 852.6 | 78 | 9.3 |
| Experimental group 11 | 86.5 | 865.2 | 86 | 9.9 |
| Experimental group 12 | 86.3 | 886.5 | 58 | 6.7 |
| Control group | 82 | 826.3 | 124 | 15.1 |
The difference between embodiment 3 of the present invention and embodiment 1 is: example 3 the feed additive was not subjected to alcohol extraction and macroporous resin elution; therefore, the crayfish feed formed by matching the feed additive in example 3 with a compound feed has low effective components such as flavonoid compounds, polysaccharide compounds, saponin compounds and the like, so that the survival rate, the weight gain rate and the tail rot rate of crayfish are improved.
The difference between embodiment 4 of the present invention and embodiment 1 is: example 4 the volume fraction of ethanol during elution was larger; the elution of partial impurities is caused, so that the effective components of the feed for the crayfish, such as flavonoid compounds, polysaccharide compounds, saponin compounds and the like, are low, and the survival rate, the weight gain rate and the tail rot rate of the crayfish are improved.
The difference between the embodiment 5 of the present invention and the embodiment 1 is that: example 5 the volume fraction of ethanol during elution was small; the elution effect of the flavonoid compounds, the polysaccharide compounds and the saponin compounds in the crayfish feed is poor; thereby leading to lower effective components and consequently leading to the survival rate, the weight gain rate and the tail rot rate of the crayfish to be improved.
The difference between embodiment 6 of the present invention and embodiment 1 is that: example 6 the temperature is lower during the alcohol extraction process; the extraction effect of the flavonoid compounds, the polysaccharide compounds and the saponin compounds in the crayfish feed is poor; thereby leading to lower effective components and consequently leading to the survival rate, the weight gain rate and the tail rot rate of the crayfish to be improved.
The difference between example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 6 is that: in comparative examples 1 to 6, a certain preparation raw material in example 1 is absent; the experimental result shows that the feed additive has reduced growth promoting effect and immunity enhancing effect on the crayfish due to the lack of one of the components; from this it follows: the raw materials are matched with each other synergistically, so that the growth and disease resistance of the crayfish are improved.
In conclusion, the feed provided by the invention has the advantages of easily available raw materials and low cost. The feed additive contains multiple effective components capable of stimulating development of immune organs of crayfish, enhancing immunity, and improving immunity of crayfish; meanwhile, the crayfish feed can also play a good role in regulating the functions, metabolism and the like of the digestive system of the crayfish. Thereby promoting the growth of crayfishes, improving the survival rate and the weight gain rate of the crayfishes and improving the disease resistance of the crayfishes.
While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A crayfish feed additive is characterized in that: the crayfish feed additive comprises the following preparation raw materials: chinese yam, astragalus, selfheal, motherwort, isatis root and wolfberry.
2. The crayfish feed additive of claim 1, wherein: the crayfish feed additive comprises the following preparation raw materials in parts by weight: 10 to 20 parts of yam, 10 to 20 parts of astragalus, 5 to 10 parts of selfheal, 10 to 15 parts of motherwort, 6 to 8 parts of isatis root and 3 to 5 parts of medlar.
3. A method of preparing a crayfish feed additive as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the Chinese yam, the astragalus membranaceus, the selfheal, the motherwort herb, the isatis root and the medlar, extracting with alcohol, and collecting a liquid phase;
s2, purifying the liquid phase by macroporous resin, eluting by ethanol water solution, collecting eluent, and concentrating to dryness.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein: the alcohol extraction agent is ethanol.
5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the temperature of the alcohol extraction is 60-70 ℃.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: the macroporous resin is a D101 type macroporous resin column.
7. The method according to claim 3, wherein the volume fraction of the aqueous ethanol solution is between 80% and 90%.
8. A crayfish feed is characterized in that: the preparation raw material comprises the crayfish feed additive as claimed in claim 1 or 2.
9. The crayfish feed of claim 8, wherein: the composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of basal feed and 0.1-0.2 part of crayfish feed additive.
10. Use of a crawfish feed according to claim 8 or 9 in the crawfish farming industry.
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| CN106360118A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-02-01 | 湖南金欧农业科技有限公司 | Additive for crayfishes |
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| CN106107243A (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2016-11-16 | 山东新希望六和集团有限公司 | A kind of feed additive for improving Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) meat and local flavor and preparation method thereof |
| CN106360118A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-02-01 | 湖南金欧农业科技有限公司 | Additive for crayfishes |
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