Pig feed additive and feed thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a pig feed additive and a feed thereof, and belongs to the field of feed additives.
Background
The traditional pork pig production emphasizes important economic characters such as growth speed, meat yield and the like of pigs, greatly improves the meat production performance of the pork pigs, and reduces the carcass quality of the pork pigs due to neglecting the characters such as meat quality and the like while the production is continuously and rapidly developed. In recent years, the living standard of people is steadily improved along with the continuous development of economy in China, the food quality is concerned, and green and healthy people become the preferred targets of more and more consumers. Therefore, it is a research focus to develop new green and healthy feed additives to replace artificial synthetic additives such as antibiotics and hormones.
The history of Chinese herbal medicine application can be traced back to thousands of years, which is specific to China. The Chinese herbal medicine is mainly derived from animals and plants in nature, has natural structure and bioactivity, and is a pure natural substance. The Chinese herbal medicine has wide sources, multiple functions, no toxicity or harm, no residue, no drug resistance of animals, no environmental pollution in the production and processing process, and good application prospect as a feed additive. In recent years, Chinese herbal medicine additives are applied to livestock and poultry breeding, and have good effects on the aspects of promoting the production performance of livestock and poultry and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a Chinese herbal medicine feed additive and feed for improving the production performance of pigs and improving the pork quality.
Firstly, the invention provides a Chinese herbal medicine feed additive for improving the production performance of pigs and improving the quality of pork, which contains active ingredients, wherein the active ingredients are prepared from agastache rugosus, eupatorium fortunei, scutellaria baicalensis, golden cypress, coptis chinensis, talc, liquorice, reed rhizome, lophatherum gracile and uncaria.
Furthermore, the active ingredients are prepared from 4-32 parts of wrinkled gianthyssop herb, 8-26 parts of fortune eupatorium herb, 14-30 parts of baical skullcap root, 6-20 parts of amur corktree bark, 2-12 parts of golden thread, 34-56 parts of talcum, 4-16 parts of liquoric root, 10-22 parts of reed rhizome, 4-20 parts of common lophatherum herb and 8-34 parts of uncaria.
Furthermore, the active ingredients are prepared from 14-28 parts of wrinkled gianthyssop herb, 12-21 parts of fortune eupatorium herb, 16-26 parts of baical skullcap root, 12-17 parts of amur corktree bark, 4-10 parts of golden thread, 30-41 parts of talcum, 7-15 parts of liquoric root, 13-21 parts of reed rhizome, 8-16 parts of common lophatherum herb and 18-32 parts of uncaria.
Furthermore, the active ingredients are prepared from 22 parts of wrinkled gianthyssop herb, 19 parts of fortune eupatorium herb, 21 parts of baical skullcap root, 14 parts of amur corktree bark, 8 parts of golden thread, 35 parts of talcum, 10 parts of liquoric root, 15 parts of reed rhizome, 9 parts of common lophatherum herb and 25 parts of uncaria.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine feed additive, which comprises the steps of weighing the components in parts by weight, crushing, sieving with a 80-150-mesh sieve, and uniformly mixing.
The invention also provides the feed containing the Chinese herbal medicine feed additive, and the addition amount of the Chinese herbal medicine feed additive in the compound feed is 0.5-4% by weight.
The invention also provides a concentrated feed containing the Chinese herbal medicine feed additive, and the addition amount of the Chinese herbal medicine feed additive in the concentrated feed is 2.5-10% by weight.
The Chinese herbal medicine feed additive for improving the production performance of pigs and improving the quality of pork provided by the invention analyzes and demonstrates the medicine properties and pharmacology of each component. Agastache rugosus, quick response, harmonizing the middle warmer, repelling dirt and clearing damp; is rich in calcium, carotene, etc., and has certain inhibiting effect on various pathogenic fungi. Herba Eupatorii has effects of clearing summer heat, removing filth, and eliminating dampness; fragrant smell, mild nature and pungent taste, entering spleen and stomach meridians, pungent flavor can disperse, fragrant flavor can remove dirt, and has the effects of resolving dampness and relieving summer-heat. Baikal skullcap root, radix Scutellariae, for purging excess fire, removing damp-heat, stopping bleeding; baikal skullcap root has a wide antibacterial spectrum, and has the effects of relieving fever, reducing blood pressure and promoting urination. Phellodendron bark, cortex Phellodendri, radix Et rhizoma Rhei, cortex Phellodendri, radix Angelicae sinensis, radix Glycyrrhizae, rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, and cortex Phellodendri, with effects of removing toxic substances, healing sore, clearing away heat, eliminating dampness, purging pathogenic fire, and removing dampness; the berberine is effective component for resisting bacteria, and has effect in lowering blood pressure. Coptis root, rhizoma coptidis, for clearing heat and drying dampness, purging fire and removing toxicity; the Coptidis rhizoma alkaloid has broad-spectrum antibacterial and antiviral effects, and is effective in relieving pain and regulating immunity. Talcum has effects of promoting diuresis for treating stranguria, clearing summerheat, eliminating dampness and healing sore, and has mild antibacterial effect. The liquorice has the effects of tonifying spleen and qi, clearing away heat and toxic materials, eliminating phlegm and stopping cough, relieving spasm and pain and harmonizing the medicines; it has antiinflammatory and antiallergic effects, and effective components such as glycyrrhizic acid have certain protective effect on liver. Reed rhizome, rhizoma phragmitis, clearing heat, promoting the production of body fluid, relieving restlessness and preventing vomiting; mucopolysaccharide can promote glandular secretion, and increase saliva, gastric juice, and intestinal juice; has immunity enhancing effect. Lophatherum gracile has the effects of clearing heart fire, relieving restlessness and heat and promoting urination; it is indicated for thirst, restlessness, stranguria with turbid urine, aphtha, and gingival swelling and pain. Uncaria rhynchophylla and Uncaria rhynchophylla are slightly cold in nature and sweet in taste, enter liver and pericardium channels, and have the effects of clearing heat, calming liver and relieving spasm.
The feed additive is prepared by reasonably matching natural Chinese herbal medicines, is rich in various nutritional ingredients and bioactive substances, and has double effects of promoting growth and improving meat quality. When the additive is used in the breeding period, the average daily gain and daily feed intake of pigs are obviously increased, the feed-meat ratio is obviously reduced, and the meat quality is obviously improved.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The Chinese herbal medicine feed additive for improving the production performance of pigs and improving the pork quality, which is related by the embodiment, comprises the following components in parts by weight:
agastache rugosus 4 eupatorium fortunei 8 scutellaria baicalensis 14 phellodendron amurense 6 coptis chinensis 2
Talcum 34, licorice root, rhizoma phragmitis, lophatherum gracile and uncaria 8
Weighing the components of the additive respectively, cleaning, and drying at low temperature or at 50-60 deg.C. Pulverizing the raw materials with a pulverizer, sieving with 100 mesh sieve to obtain medicinal powder of each component, respectively weighing the medicinal powder of each component according to the above proportion, and mixing to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine feed additive with the use addition amount of 1% of the total weight of the feed.
Example 2
The Chinese herbal medicine feed additive for improving the production performance of pigs and improving the pork quality, which is related by the embodiment, comprises the following components in parts by weight:
agastache 14 eupatorium fortunei, 12 baikal skullcap roots, 16 phellodendron amurense and 12 coptis chinensis 4
Talcum 30, licorice 7, reed rhizome 13, lophatherum 8 and uncaria 18
Weighing the components of the additive respectively, cleaning, and drying at low temperature or at 50-60 deg.C. Pulverizing the raw materials with a pulverizer, sieving with 100 mesh sieve to obtain medicinal powder of each component, respectively weighing the medicinal powder of each component according to the above proportion, and mixing to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine feed additive with the use addition amount of 1% of the total weight of the feed.
Example 3
The Chinese herbal medicine feed additive for improving the production performance of pigs and improving the pork quality, which is related by the embodiment, comprises the following components in parts by weight:
agastache 22 eupatorium 19 scutellaria 21 phellodendron 14 coptis 8
Talcum 35, licorice root, reed rhizome, 15 lophatherum gracile, 9 uncaria 25
Weighing the components of the additive respectively, cleaning, and drying at low temperature or at 50-60 deg.C. Pulverizing the raw materials with a pulverizer, sieving with 100 mesh sieve to obtain medicinal powder of each component, respectively weighing the medicinal powder of each component according to the above proportion, and mixing to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine feed additive with the use addition amount of 1% of the total weight of the feed.
Example 4
The Chinese herbal medicine feed additive for improving the production performance of pigs and improving the pork quality, which is related by the embodiment, comprises the following components in parts by weight:
agastache 28 eupatorium 21, scutellaria 26, phellodendron bark 17 and coptis 10
Talcum 41, licorice root, rhizoma phragmitis, 21 lophatherum gracile, 16 uncaria rhynchophylla and 32
Weighing the components of the additive respectively, cleaning, and drying at low temperature or at 50-60 deg.C. Pulverizing the raw materials with a pulverizer, sieving with 100 mesh sieve to obtain medicinal powder of each component, respectively weighing the medicinal powder of each component according to the above proportion, and mixing to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine feed additive with the use addition amount of 1% of the total weight of the feed.
Example 5
The Chinese herbal medicine feed additive for improving the production performance of pigs and improving the pork quality, which is related by the embodiment, comprises the following components in parts by weight:
agastache rugosus 32 eupatorium 26, scutellaria baicalensis 30, phellodendron amurense 20 and coptis chinensis 12
Talcum 56, licorice root, 16 reed rhizome, 22 lophatherum gracile, 20 uncaria rhynchophylla and 34
Weighing the components of the additive respectively, cleaning, and drying at low temperature or at 50-60 deg.C. Pulverizing the raw materials with a pulverizer, sieving with 100 mesh sieve to obtain medicinal powder of each component, respectively weighing the medicinal powder of each component according to the above proportion, and mixing to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine feed additive with the use addition amount of 1% of the total weight of the feed.
Test example 1
1. Test materials:
selecting about 70kg of Du multiplied by long multiplied by big external three-element pigs with 126 heads, randomly dividing the pigs into a test group 1, a test group 2, a test group 3, a test group 4, a test group 5, a test group 6 and a control group, repeating each 6-head pig for 3 times in each group, numbering and respectively weighing initial weight.
2. Test protocol
Feeding basal diet to control group;
test group 1 the procedure of example 1 was followed: feeding basic diet +1% Chinese herbal medicine additive (100 mesh sieve)
Test group 2 the procedure of example 2 was followed: feeding basic diet +1% Chinese herbal medicine additive (100 mesh sieve)
Test group 3 the procedure of example 3 was followed: feeding basic diet +1% Chinese herbal medicine additive (100 mesh sieve)
Test group 4 the procedure of example 3 was followed: feeding basic diet +4% Chinese herbal medicine additive (100 mesh sieve)
Test group 5 the procedure of example 4 was followed: feeding basic diet +1% Chinese herbal medicine additive (100 mesh sieve)
Test group 6 the procedure of example 5 was followed: feeding basic diet +1% Chinese herbal medicine additive (100 mesh sieve)
Two groups of pigs have production performance evaluation indexes: average daily gain, daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio of the two groups of pigs.
Two pork quality evaluation indexes: drip loss rate of pork, pH at 45min, pH at 24h, meat color at 45min, meat color at 24h, and shear force of pork in two groups.
3. Test results
(1) Evaluation of production Properties
Compared with a control group, after the Chinese herbal medicines are added into the test groups 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, the average daily gain is remarkably increased, the average daily gain of the test group 3 is the highest, and the average daily gain of the test group 3 is remarkably higher than that of the test groups 1, 4, 5 and 6.
Compared with the control group, the food intake of the test groups on days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 is obviously increased. The feed intake of the test group 4 is lower than that of the test group 3, and the palatability of the feed is influenced by the analysis of overhigh Chinese herbal medicine additive; it is found that the addition amount of 1% is better than that of 4%.
Compared with a control group, the feed-meat ratio of the test groups 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 is obviously reduced, and the feed-meat ratio of the test group 3 is the lowest and is obviously superior to that of the test groups 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6.
TABLE 1 Effect of Chinese herbal medicine additives of the present invention on pig Productivity
Group of
|
Average daily gain/g
|
Daily food intake/g
|
Meat ratio of materials
|
Control group
|
1012.8a |
2928.5a |
2.954c |
Test group 1
|
1085.2b |
3001.1b |
2.821b |
Test group 2
|
1198.5c |
3014.3b |
2.783b |
Test group 3
|
1230.8c |
3035.8b |
2.526a |
Test group 4
|
1105.2b |
2977.0b |
2.845b |
Test group 5
|
1134.6b |
3008.5b |
2.801b |
Test group 6
|
1108.3b |
3015.2b |
2.790b |
The difference of the lower case letters of the shoulder marks on the same column indicates that the difference is obvious (p <0.05)
(2) Evaluation of pork quality
Compared with a control group, the drip loss of the test groups 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 is obviously reduced after Chinese herbal medicines are added, and the drip loss of the test group 3 is the lowest.
Compared with a control group, the shear force of the test groups 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 is obviously reduced after Chinese herbal medicines are added, and the shear force of the test group 3 in each test group is the minimum.
Compared with a control group, after the Chinese herbal medicines are added into the test groups 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, the pH value is increased within 45min and is obviously higher than that of the control group, and the pH value of the test group 3 is the highest within 45 min; the pH24h values for test groups 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 were all significantly increased compared to the control group and were within the appropriate range of acidity.
Compared with a control group, after the Chinese herbal medicines are added into the test groups 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, the meat color value of 45min is increased, but the difference is not obvious; the 24h values of the flesh colors of the test groups 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 are all obviously higher than those of the control group, and the flesh colors decline slowly with time compared with the control group.
TABLE 2 Effect of Chinese herbal medicine additives of the present invention on pork quality
The difference of the lower case letters of the shoulder marks on the same column indicates that the difference is obvious (p <0.05)
The results are combined to show that: compared with a control group, after the Chinese herbal medicines are added into the test group, the average daily gain is obviously increased, the daily feed intake is obviously increased, the feed conversion ratio is obviously reduced, and the production performance of the pigs is obviously improved. Compared with a control group, after the Chinese herbal medicines are added into the test group, the drip loss is obviously reduced, the muscle tenderness is obviously increased, the acidity of the meat is obviously reduced, the meat color is also obviously improved, and the pork quality is effectively improved.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.