CN108642908B - 一种高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布及其制作方法 - Google Patents

一种高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布及其制作方法 Download PDF

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CN108642908B
CN108642908B CN201810487085.9A CN201810487085A CN108642908B CN 108642908 B CN108642908 B CN 108642908B CN 201810487085 A CN201810487085 A CN 201810487085A CN 108642908 B CN108642908 B CN 108642908B
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王邵奇
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Abstract

本发明提供一种高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布，由人棉布基材、吸墨性压毛打底层和吸墨涂层构成；所述吸墨性压毛打底层覆盖在人棉布基材的两面，所述吸墨涂层覆盖在其中一面吸墨性压毛打底层的外面，形成所述高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布的正面，未覆盖吸墨涂层的一面吸墨性压毛打底层形成所述高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布的反面。本发明采用具有一定粘度和吸墨能力的涂层涂料制作吸墨性压毛打底层，结合吸墨涂料制作的吸墨涂层，实现人棉数码喷墨油画布的制作，解决画布的毛羽问题、强度较差和吸墨性不足问题。

Description

一种高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布及其制作方法
技术领域
本发明涉及喷墨打印技术领域，尤其涉及一种高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布及其制作方法。
背景技术
喷墨打印用油画布主要应用于数码广告领域、家庭装饰装潢领域等，如商场广告制作，家庭装饰画制作。目前市场上主要有化纤基材喷墨打印油画布、纯棉基材喷墨打印油画布、涤棉混纺基材喷墨打印油画布和麻布基材喷墨打印油画布等，其布纹粗旷，适合油画类型画面输出。
油画布的构成主要包括基布、打底层和吸墨层三个部分，其中基材即为基布，即化纤布、纯棉布、涤棉混纺布及麻布等；打底层主要由填料和粘合剂组成，填料主要是滑石粉，钛白粉，碳酸钙及高岭土等，粘合剂主要包括聚乙烯醇和乙酸乙烯酯-乙烯共聚乳液，打底层主要起到遮盖作用；吸墨层主要包括吸墨剂、粘结剂等成分，主要起到吸墨、固定喷墨墨水，进而显色成像的作用。
油画布的制作工艺一般为刮涂工艺。目前市场上油画布以厚型(基布克重大于160克/平方米，总可总大于210克/平方米)油画布最为成熟，其因布纹粗旷，在刮涂过程中带料多，因此能够压住毛羽和解决吸墨性的问题，而薄款基布由于表面布纹较细，利用现有涂布工艺生产的油画布，普遍存在毛羽严重，吸墨性不足、强度较差等现象。
发明内容
为克服现有技术的不足，本发明提供一种人棉油画布，解决画布的毛羽问题、强度较差和吸墨性不足问题，表面布纹细腻，无毛羽瑕疵，基布强度好，可应用于数码喷墨打印装饰油画制作行业，尤其可应用于制作宋代绢本类型画作打印制作领域。
为实现上述技术目的，本发明的技术方案是，一种高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布，由人棉布基材、吸墨性压毛打底层和吸墨涂层构成；所述吸墨性压毛打底层覆盖在人棉布基材的两面，所述吸墨涂层覆盖在其中一面吸墨性压毛打底层的外面，形成所述高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布的正面，未覆盖吸墨涂层的一面吸墨性压毛打底层形成所述高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布的反面；
所述吸墨性压毛打底层由下列重量份数的组份组成：
Figure BDA0001664570220000021
所述吸墨涂层由下列重量份数的组份组成：
Figure BDA0001664570220000022
Figure BDA0001664570220000031
所述人棉布基材为直纹人棉坯布。
优选的，所述人棉布基材为直纹人棉坯布，克重70-150g/m2，无表面处理。
优选的，所述吸墨性压毛打底层由下列重量份数的组份组成：
Figure BDA0001664570220000032
所述吸墨涂层由下列重量份数的组份组成：
Figure BDA0001664570220000033
优选的，所述微孔型二氧化硅为沉淀法工艺或凝胶法工艺生产的微孔型二氧化硅，平均粒径3-19微米，孔融1.2-3.0ml/g。
优选的，所述聚乙烯醇为聚合度等于大于1700的聚乙烯醇。
优选的，所述吸墨性压毛打底层的聚乙烯醇为1700聚合度聚乙烯醇。
优选的，所述粘合剂为非离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯乳液或水性聚氨酯。
优选的，所述助剂A为分散剂、增白剂、流平剂、防腐剂。
优选的，所述纳米二氧化硅为气相法二氧化硅，初始粒径小于30纳米。
优选的，盐酸为浓盐酸或稀盐酸。
优选的，硅烷偶联剂为KH550或KH792中的一种。
优选的，阳离子粘合剂为阳离子聚氨酯或阳离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液中的一种。
优选的，所述助剂B为增白剂、流平剂、防腐剂。
本发明还提供一种高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布的制备方法，所述高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布由人棉布基材、吸墨性压毛打底层和吸墨涂层组成；首先按照以下原料组分，配制吸墨性压毛打底层和吸墨涂层的涂料；
所述吸墨性压毛打底层的涂料由下列重量份数的组份组成：
Figure BDA0001664570220000041
所述吸墨涂层的涂料由下列重量份数的组份组成：
Figure BDA0001664570220000052
所述人棉布基材为直纹人棉坯布；
将人棉布基材经过烘干定型后，在人棉布基材双面涂覆吸墨性压毛打底层涂料，形成双面的吸墨性压毛打底层，80℃-120℃烘干；接着在一面的吸墨性压毛打底层上单面涂覆吸墨涂层涂料，形成吸墨涂层，成为高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布的正面，80℃-120℃烘干收卷；经分切、包装即可。
吸墨性压毛打底层涂布工艺为刮涂工艺，正反两面分两次完成，先涂反面，再涂正面。
吸墨涂层涂布工艺可采用刮涂工艺或线棒涂布工艺。
毛羽问题是指：布类材料是由纤维纺纱，再织布而成，尤其是棉布，其棉纱是由一根一根短纤维经捻合凝聚而成，有部分毛羽会伸出纱体是必然的，再加上棉布一般采用干法的喷气织机纺织，摩擦力大，就造成了更多的短纤维裸露出纱体外，形成了毛羽。本发明中采用的人棉基布表面未处理前表现为毛茸茸的状态，在涂布过程中如果毛羽没有用涂层覆盖和压住，就会形成一个一个小颗粒，影响吸墨，进而影响打印效果，打印时表现出颗粒感和色彩不均。
本发明的吸墨性压毛打底层以微孔型二氧化硅为主体，微孔型二氧化硅比重轻，遮盖力低，以其为主要成分的涂料具有自增稠性和触变性。①微孔型二氧化硅中的微孔特性，解决了涂层的协同吸墨的问题；②遮盖力低，即使在涂料的涂布量较大的情况下，也可完全体现棉布基材的本色和布纹；③微孔型二氧化硅涂料的自增稠性和触变性，解决了毛羽问题，这是因为其涂料在静止状态下粘度较大，在运动过程中粘度下降，当涂料过在刮刀前处于运动状态，粘度较低，保证了对毛羽的润湿及过刮刀后表面平整；过刮刀后变为静止状态，粘度立刻增大，即刻将毛羽牢牢的压在布的表面，打底成内部和整体，进而解决了毛羽问题。
因此，本发明吸墨性压毛打底层的主要作用和解决的问题在于：1、解决油画布吸墨性问题。常规打底涂料主要采用滑石粉、二氧化钛，高岭土等填料，无吸收墨水的能力，因薄款人棉布较薄，无法涂布大量吸墨涂料，本发明用微孔型二氧化硅涂料作为吸墨压毛打底层，利用微孔型二氧化硅的微孔特性吸收一部分墨水，达到适应打印的要求；2、解决毛羽问题；利用微孔型二氧化硅涂料的自增稠性和触变性，解决了毛羽问题。微孔型二氧化硅涂料在静止状态下粘度较大，在运动过程中粘度下降，当涂料过在刮刀前处于运动状态，粘度较低，保证了对毛羽的润湿及过刮刀后表面平整；过刮刀后变为静止状态，粘度立刻增大，即刻将毛羽牢牢的压在布的表面，打底成内部和整体，进而解决了毛羽问题；3、体现棉布本色和布纹：行业内解决毛羽的常规做法是提高涂料的正常底涂的浓度，但滑石粉、二氧化钛、高岭土等的遮盖力很强，因棉布基材正反两面全部需要压毛，这样就无法体现原有布基的本色，而本发明采用微孔型二氧化硅为底涂填料，其遮盖力低，在正常涂布量下几乎无遮盖效果，即使在涂料的涂布量较大的情况下，也可体现棉布基材的本色和布纹；而且，人棉布基材一般都较白，无需通过提高遮盖力来提高油画布产品的白度，因此与微孔型二氧化硅相结合，即可达到油画的应用要求；4、增加基布的强度；行业内处理毛羽的另一种常规做法是烧毛处理，但烧毛后基材表面会留下黑点，同时基布的强度大大下降，无法适应油画布的绷框要求。本发明采用微孔型二氧化硅涂料作为打底涂层，增加棉布基材的强度，达到油画布的强度要求。
本发明通过在人棉布基材两面涂布吸墨性压毛打底层，不仅解决基布的毛羽问题，增加基布的强度，而且能够清晰保留其坯布的原有布纹，提升喷墨打印的品质。
本发明基于薄款人棉坯布(基布克重小于150克/平方米)通过刮涂工艺制作油画布，通过涂布方式解决人棉坯布表面毛羽问题，涂布方式如调整涂层配方结构和涂布工艺方式等，并清晰保留其坯布的原有布纹；此外，还解决了人棉油画布适合喷墨打印成像应用问题，如吸墨性和显色性问题。
本发明采用具有一定粘度和吸墨能力的涂层涂料制作吸墨性压毛打底层，结合吸墨涂料制作的吸墨涂层，实现人棉数码喷墨油画布的制作，解决画布的毛羽问题和吸墨性不足问题、显色性问题，还使画布具有较好的强度，因此本发明提供了一种表面布纹细腻，无毛羽瑕疵的棉质油画布，尤其可应用于制作宋代绢本类型画作打印制作领域，其打印的画面具有工笔画的效果。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图，其中，1是人棉布基材，2是吸墨性压毛打底层，3是吸墨涂层。
具体实施方式
一种高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布，由人棉布基材、吸墨性压毛打底层和吸墨涂层构成；所述吸墨性压毛打底层覆盖在人棉布基材的两面，所述吸墨涂层覆盖在其中一面吸墨性压毛打底层的外面，形成所述高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布的正面，未覆盖吸墨涂层的一面吸墨性压毛打底层形成所述高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布的反面；
所述吸墨性压毛打底层由下列重量份数的组份组成：
所述吸墨涂层由下列重量份数的组份组成：
Figure BDA0001664570220000092
所述人棉布基材为直纹人棉坯布。
本发明基布为直纹人棉坯布，克重70-150g/m2，无表面处理。
优选的，所述吸墨性压毛打底层由下列重量份数的组份组成：
Figure BDA0001664570220000093
所述吸墨涂层由下列重量份数的组份组成：
Figure BDA0001664570220000101
优选的，所述微孔型二氧化硅为沉淀法工艺或凝胶法工艺生产的微孔型二氧化硅，平均粒径3-19微米，孔融1.2-3.0ml/g。
优选的，所述聚乙烯醇为聚合度等于大于1700的聚乙烯醇。
优选的，所述粘合剂为非离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯乳液或水性聚氨酯。
优选的，纳米二氧化硅为气相法二氧化硅，初始粒径小于30纳米。
优选的，硅烷偶联剂为KH550或KH792中的一种。
优选的，阳离子粘合剂为阳离子聚氨酯或阳离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液中的一种。
优选的，所述助剂A为分散剂、增白剂、流平剂、防腐剂；所述助剂B为增白剂、流平剂、防腐剂。
一种高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布的制备方法，所述高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布由人棉布基材、吸墨性压毛打底层和吸墨涂层组成；首先按照以下原料组分，配制吸墨性压毛打底层和吸墨涂层的涂料；
所述吸墨性压毛打底层的涂料由下列重量份数的组份组成：
Figure BDA0001664570220000111
所述吸墨涂层的涂料由下列重量份数的组份组成：
所述人棉布基材为直纹人棉坯布；
将人棉布基材经过烘干定型后，在人棉布基材双面涂覆吸墨性压毛打底层涂料，形成双面的吸墨性压毛打底层，80℃-120℃烘干；接着在一面的吸墨性压毛打底层上单面涂覆吸墨涂层涂料，形成吸墨涂层，成为高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布的正面，80℃-120℃烘干收卷；经分切、包装即可。
吸墨性压毛打底层涂布工艺为刮涂工艺，正反两面分两次完成，先涂反面，再涂正面。
吸墨涂层涂布工艺为刮涂工艺或线棒涂布工艺。
实施例1：
生产工艺为：坯布复卷定型(定型温度为60-120℃)→刮涂吸墨性压毛打底层于人棉布基材的背面→烘干、收卷→刮涂吸墨性压毛打底层于基布的正面→烘干、收卷→刮涂吸墨涂层→烘干收卷→分切、包装→成品。
具体制备步骤为：
(1)90克人棉基布经过定型机复卷定型后备用；
(2)吸墨性压毛打底层涂料制备：
Figure BDA0001664570220000121
(3)吸墨涂层的涂料制备：
Figure BDA0001664570220000122
(4)采用5毫米厚度直刮刮刀，将步骤2中制备的涂料，先涂覆基布的一面，即为背面，在105℃条件下烘干，收卷；
(5)采用5毫米厚度直刮刮刀，步骤2中的涂料，涂覆步骤4中基布的另一面，即为正面，在105℃条件下烘干，收卷；
(6)采用5毫米厚度直刮刮刀，将步骤3中制备的涂料，涂覆于步骤5中打好底的基布正面，在105℃条件下烘干，收卷；
(7)重复步骤6一遍，即为高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布半成品；
(8)分切包装，即为成品。
人棉布基材、基布、坯布，均具有相同含义。
制备好的高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布，人棉布基材为90克/m2，人棉布基材两面均涂覆吸墨性压毛打底层，在其中一面吸墨性压毛打底层上面还涂覆吸墨涂层，即是所述高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布的正面，另一面，未涂覆吸墨涂层的，即是反面，如图1。
实施例2：
生产工艺为：坯布复卷定型(定型温度为60-120℃)→刮涂吸墨性压毛打底层于基布的背面→烘干、收卷→刮涂吸墨性压毛打底层于基布的正面→烘干、收卷→线棒涂覆吸墨层→烘干收卷→分切、包装→成品
具体步骤为：
(1)120克人棉基布经过定型机复卷定型后备用；
(2)吸墨性压毛打底层涂料制备：
Figure BDA0001664570220000141
(3)吸墨涂层涂料：
Figure BDA0001664570220000142
(4)采用5毫米厚度直刮刮刀，用步骤2中制备的涂料，先涂覆基布的背面，在105℃条件下烘干，收卷；
(5)采用5毫米厚度直刮刮刀，用步骤2中的涂料，涂覆步骤4中基布的正面，在105℃条件下烘干，收卷；
(6)采用型号为80g/m2线棒，用步骤3中制备的涂料，涂覆步骤5中打好底的基布，在105℃条件下烘干，收卷，即为高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布半成品；
(7)分切包装，即为成品。
实施例3：
生产工艺为：坯布复卷定型(定型温度为60-120℃)→刮涂吸墨性压毛打底层于基布的背面→烘干、收卷→刮涂吸墨性压毛打底层于基布的正面→烘干、收卷→刮涂吸墨涂层→烘干收卷→分切、包装→成品。
具体制备步骤为：
(1)150克人棉基布经过定型机复卷定型后备用；
(2)吸墨性压毛打底层涂料制备：
(3)吸墨涂层的涂料制备：
(4)采用5毫米厚度直刮刮刀，将步骤2中制备的涂料，先涂覆基布的一面，即为背面，在105℃条件下烘干，收卷；
(5)采用5毫米厚度直刮刮刀，步骤2中的涂料，涂覆步骤4中基布的另一面，即为正面，在105℃条件下烘干，收卷；
(6)采用5毫米厚度直刮刮刀，将步骤3中制备的涂料，涂覆于步骤5中打好底的基布正面，在105℃条件下烘干，收卷；
(7)重复步骤6一遍，即为高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布半成品；
(8)分切包装，即为成品。。
实施例4：
生产工艺为：坯布复卷定型(定型温度为60-120℃)→刮涂吸墨性压毛打底层于基布的背面→烘干、收卷→刮涂吸墨性压毛打底层于基布的正面→烘干、收卷→刮涂吸墨涂层→烘干收卷→分切、包装→成品。
具体制备步骤为：
(1)90克人棉基布经过定型机复卷定型后备用；
(2)吸墨性压毛打底层涂料制备：
Figure BDA0001664570220000161
(3)吸墨涂层的涂料制备：
Figure BDA0001664570220000162
Figure BDA0001664570220000171
(4)采用5毫米厚度直刮刮刀，将步骤2中制备的涂料，先涂覆基布的一面，即为背面，在105℃条件下烘干，收卷；
(5)采用5毫米厚度直刮刮刀，步骤2中的涂料，涂覆步骤4中基布的另一面，即为正面，在105℃条件下烘干，收卷；
(6)采用5毫米厚度直刮刮刀，将步骤3中制备的涂料，涂覆于步骤5中打好底的基布正面，在105℃条件下烘干，收卷；
(7)重复步骤6一遍，即为高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布半成品；
(8)分切包装，即为成品。
本发明提供一种高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布，基于薄款人棉坯布(基布克重小于150克/平方米)通过刮涂工艺制作油画布，采用具有一定粘度和吸墨能力的涂层涂料作为打底用涂料，结合上层高光泽吸墨涂料，实现高光泽人棉数码喷墨油画布的制作，并解决画布的毛羽问题和吸墨性不足问题。本发明的棉质油画布表面布纹细腻，无毛羽瑕疵，具有较好的强度，尤其可应用于制作宋代绢本类型画作打印制作领域，其打印的画面具有工笔画的效果。
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进，这些改进也视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (3)

1.一种高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布，其特征在于，所述高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布由人棉布基材、吸墨性压毛打底层和吸墨涂层构成；所述吸墨性压毛打底层覆盖在人棉布基材的两面，所述吸墨涂层覆盖在其中一面吸墨性压毛打底层的外面，形成所述高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布的正面，未覆盖吸墨涂层的一面吸墨性压毛打底层形成所述高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布的反面；
所述吸墨性压毛打底层由下列重量份数的组份组成：
微孔型二氧化硅 5-15份
15%聚乙烯醇溶液 5-20份
粘合剂 10-30份
助剂A 1-10份
水 30-60份 ；
所述吸墨涂层由下列重量份数的组份组成：
纳米二氧化硅 15-25份
盐酸 0.01-0.5份
硅烷偶联剂 1-3份
阳离子粘合剂 5-15份
助剂B 0.1-0.5份
水 50-70份；
所述人棉布基材为直纹人棉坯布，克重70-150 g/m2，无表面处理；
所述微孔型二氧化硅为沉淀法工艺或凝胶法工艺生产的微孔型二氧化硅，平均粒径3-19微米，孔融1.2-3.0 ml/g；
所述聚乙烯醇为聚合度大于1700的聚乙烯醇；
所述粘合剂为非离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯乳液或水性聚氨酯；
所述纳米二氧化硅为气相法二氧化硅，初始粒径小于30纳米；
所述硅烷偶联剂为KH550或KH792中的一种；
所述阳离子粘合剂为阳离子聚氨酯或阳离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液中的一种；
所述助剂A为分散剂、增白剂、流平剂、防腐剂；所述助剂B为增白剂、流平剂、防腐剂。
2.如权利要求1所述的高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布，其特征在于，所述吸墨性压毛打底层由下列重量份数的组份组成：
微孔型二氧化硅 9份
15%聚乙烯醇溶液 12份
粘合剂 22份
助剂A 5份
水 52份 ；
所述吸墨涂层由下列重量份数的组份组成：
纳米二氧化硅 20份
盐酸 0.1份
硅烷偶联剂 2份
阳离子粘合剂 10份
助剂B 0.1份
水 67.8份。
3.如权利要求1所述的高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布的制备方法，其特征在于，所述高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布由人棉布基材、吸墨性压毛打底层和吸墨涂层组成；首先按照以下原料组分，配制吸墨性压毛打底层和吸墨涂层的涂料；
所述吸墨性压毛打底层的涂料由下列重量份数的组份组成：
微孔型二氧化硅 5-15份
15%聚乙烯醇溶液 5-20份
粘合剂 10-30份
助剂A 1-10份
水 30-60份 ；
所述吸墨涂层的涂料由下列重量份数的组份组成：
纳米二氧化硅 15-25份
盐酸 0.01-0.5份
硅烷偶联剂 1-3份
阳离子粘合剂 5-15份
助剂B 0.1-0.5份
水 50-70份；
所述人棉布基材为直纹人棉坯布，克重70-150 g/m2，无表面处理；
将人棉布基材经过烘干定型后，在人棉布基材双面涂覆吸墨性压毛打底层涂料，形成双面的吸墨性压毛打底层，80℃-120℃烘干；接着在一面的吸墨性压毛打底层上单面涂覆吸墨涂层涂料，形成吸墨涂层，成为高光泽人棉喷墨打印油画布的正面，80℃-120℃烘干收卷；经分切、包装即可。
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