CN108640721B

CN108640721B - Livestock and poultry animal excrement compost preparation facilities

Info

Publication number: CN108640721B
Application number: CN201810920034.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 占学宽
Original assignee: Ningxia Lvjida Ecological Agriculture Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Ningxia Lvjida Ecological Agriculture Technology Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2018-08-14
Filing date: 2018-08-14
Publication date: 2021-05-07
Anticipated expiration: 2038-08-14
Also published as: CN108640721A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of livestock and poultry manure compost, and particularly relates to a livestock and poultry animal excrement compost preparation device which comprises a box body, a manure tank, an auxiliary material tank, a rotating shaft, a fixed disc, a roller, a rotating ring, a filter plate, a fermentation tank and a motor, wherein the manure tank and the auxiliary material tank are arranged at the top of the box body; the fixed disc is arranged at the lower end of the rotating shaft; the roller is horizontally arranged on the rotating ring through a rotating shaft; the filter plate is arranged in the box body, a through hole is formed in the filter plate, a filter screen is arranged in the through hole, a discharge hole is formed in the right side wall of the box body, and organic fertilizer filtered on the filter plate flows out of the discharge hole under the action of gravity and enters the fermentation tank; the fermentation cylinder links to each other with the discharge gate of box, and the fermentation cylinder is used for accomplishing the fertilizer fermentation after mixing and drainage through the box. The invention can realize the uniform mixing of the excrement and the auxiliary materials without manual operation; meanwhile, the water in the excrement can be filtered before entering the fermentation tank, so that the subsequent fermentation process is favorably and smoothly carried out.

Description

Livestock and poultry animal excrement compost preparation facilities

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of livestock and poultry manure compost, and particularly relates to a livestock and poultry excrement compost preparation device.

Background

The improvement is open, the livestock and poultry breeding industry in China develops very rapidly, large and medium intensive farms are built in many suburbs, the quantity of livestock and poultry is increased rapidly, the supply of livestock products and byproducts of urban and rural residents in China is greatly enriched, and the living standard of people is improved. Meanwhile, the yield of the livestock and poultry manure is rapidly increased, and the livestock and poultry manure contains a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, suspended matters, pathogenic bacteria and high-concentration organic pollutants, so that if the livestock and poultry manure is not treated properly, the livestock and poultry manure can cause serious harm to the atmosphere, water, soil and organisms. In order to protect and optimize the natural ecological environment and control and eliminate the pollution of the livestock and poultry manure to the environment, one of the important ways is to perform harmless treatment and resource utilization on the livestock and poultry manure so as to prevent and eliminate the pollution of the livestock and poultry manure of the farm, protect the natural ecological environment and promote agricultural sustainable development to a large amount of manure. In the past, even if the farms have relevant treatment measures, the treatment level mostly stays in the original method of stacking, fermenting and returning to fields, and the laggard composting method has the defects of large stacking volume of excrement, strong smell, insanitation and the like.

The compost of livestock and poultry manure is a process of degrading organic matters in solid manure through the action of microorganisms under the condition of manually controlling moisture, carbon-nitrogen ratio and ventilation so as to mineralize, humate and make the organic matters harmless. The high temperature in the composting process can kill various pathogenic microorganisms and weed seeds in the excrement, so that the excrement is harmless, effective nutrients capable of being absorbed and utilized by plants can be generated, and the soil improvement and regulation effects are achieved. The composting treatment has the advantages of low operating cost, large treatment capacity, no secondary pollution and the like, and is widely used. However, the composting process mostly depends on manual operation, and large-scale composting is difficult to form due to the large fecal treatment capacity of a large-scale farm, the manual operation and workload are extremely large, time and labor are consumed, and the large-scale composting is difficult to form.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a livestock excrement composting preparation device which is mainly used for solving the problem of high labor intensity in the livestock excrement composting process. The invention can realize the uniform mixing of the excrement and the auxiliary materials without manual operation; simultaneously can filter the moisture in the excrement and urine before getting into the fermentation cylinder, do benefit to going on smoothly of follow-up fermentation process, accomplish the excrement and urine after mixing and fall into the fermentation cylinder automatically and ferment, alleviate artificial operation.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a compost preparation device for livestock and poultry excrement, which comprises a box body, an excrement tank, an auxiliary material tank, a rotating shaft, a fixed disc, a roller, a rotating ring, a filter plate, a fermentation tank and a motor, wherein the rotating shaft is vertically arranged at the top of the box body and is positioned in the box body; the motor is arranged above the box body, and an output shaft of the motor is connected with the rotating shaft; the top of the box body is provided with a feces tank and an auxiliary material tank which are respectively positioned at two sides of the motor, a conveying pipe is arranged inside the box body and is respectively communicated with the feces tank and the auxiliary material tank, and the conveying pipe is used for enabling the livestock and poultry feces in the feces tank and the additive in the auxiliary material tank to fall into the box body; the fixed disc is positioned in the box body and is arranged at the lower end of the rotating shaft, sliding grooves are formed in the upper surface of the fixed disc, the sliding grooves in the fixed disc are arranged in a concentric circle staggered mode, and blocking blocks, springs I and electromagnets I are arranged in the sliding grooves; the first electromagnet 52 is arranged at the bottom of the sliding groove, and the blocking block is connected with the first electromagnet through a first spring; the rotating ring is arranged on the rotating shaft, a friction ring is arranged at the position of the rotating shaft, which is in contact with the rotating ring, the friction ring is positioned between the rotating shaft and the rotating ring, and the rotating ring is positioned above the fixed disc; the number of the rollers is at least two, and the rollers are horizontally arranged on the rotating ring through a rotating shaft; the filter plate is arranged in the box body and is positioned below the fixed disc, the filter plate is provided with a through hole, a filter screen is arranged in the through hole, the mixed organic fertilizer on the fixed disc falls into the filter plate, the filter plates are arranged on the box body in a left-high-right low inclined mode, the filter plates are divided into a left filter plate and a right filter plate, the left filter plate is fixedly arranged in the box body, a movable shaft is horizontally arranged in the box body along the front-back direction and is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the box body, a torsional spring is arranged on the inner wall of the box body at the position of the movable shaft and is used for providing torsion for the reset motion of the movable shaft, one end, away from the inner wall of the box body, of the right filter plate is fixedly arranged on the movable shaft, the two filter plates are in a V-shaped structure, a discharge hole is formed in the right side wall of the box body, the organic fertilizer filtered on the filter plate flows out of the discharge hole under the action of gravity and enters a fermentation tank; the fermentation cylinder is located the box right side, and the fermentation cylinder links to each other with the discharge gate of box, and the fermentation cylinder is used for fermenting the fertilizer after accomplishing mixing and drainage through the box. When the poultry excrement and additive mixing device works, poultry excrement in the excrement tank and additive in the auxiliary material tank fall onto the fixed disc under the action of gravity through the conveying pipe, meanwhile, the motor drives the fixed disc to rotate, and the roller and the rotating shaft are driven through the friction ring, so that a certain speed difference exists between the roller and the rotating shaft, the roller can flatly spread the poultry excrement and the additive on the fixed disc, the poultry excrement and the additive are mutually overlapped and spread on the fixed disc layer by layer, the initial mixing of the poultry excrement and the additive is completed, and the existence of the blocking block blocks the poultry excrement and the additive on the fixed disc from sliding out of the fixed disc under the action of centrifugal force; then, the first electromagnet works to enable the blocking block to retract into the sliding groove of the fixed disc, the rotating speed of the motor is increased at the moment, organic fertilizer is thrown out from the edge of the fixed disc under the action of centrifugal force, mixing is achieved again in the throwing-out process, the roller is in direct contact with the fixed disc, the speed difference between the roller and the fixed disc enables the roller to push the organic fertilizer on the fixed disc to move, and mixing is achieved and the organic fertilizer is also accelerated to be thrown out from the fixed disc. After the fertilizer fell down from the fixed disk, fell into on the filter plate, because the filter plate is V style of calligraphy structure, fertilizer on the filter plate can remove one section distance along the filter plate to the fertilizer has been improved and has filtered the effect of moisture on the filter plate. When the organic fertilizer that piles up on the filter plate surpassed certain weight, the filter plate on the right takes place to rotate, realizes the downward sloping under the action of gravity, makes two filter plates be in the coplanar gradually, and the organic fertilizer on the filter plate slides down along the filter plate under gravity to from the discharge gate of box outflow, get into the fermentation cylinder in realize the fermentation.

The outer circumferential surface of the roller is provided with a sliding groove along the radial direction, and an electromagnet II, a spring II and crushing teeth are arranged in the sliding groove; the second electromagnet is fixed at the bottom of the sliding groove; and the roller is extended from the top end of the broken tooth crest, the broken tooth is matched with the blocking block to roll and crush the livestock and poultry manure, and the broken tooth is connected with the second electromagnet through the second spring. When the roller rotates on the fixed disc, the crushing teeth and the blocking blocks extrude large particles in the livestock and poultry manure to be crushed, so that the crushing effect is improved, the additive is conveniently and fully contacted with the livestock and poultry manure, and the subsequent fermentation effect is improved.

The section of the friction ring is of a trapezoidal structure with a large upper end and a small lower end. When the stop block extends out of the fixed disc to prop against the roller to enable the rotating ring to be positioned at the upper part of the friction ring, the friction force between the rotating ring and the rotating shaft is large, the rotating speed difference between the rotating ring and the rotating shaft is small, and the relative movement speed of the rotating ring on the fixed shaft is low, so that the livestock and poultry manure crushing effect is ensured, the damage of the stop block and the crushing teeth is avoided, and the service life of the device is prolonged; after the stop block retracts into the fixed disk and the roller retracts into the crushing teeth, the roller is contacted with the fixed disk, so that the rotating ring moves downwards for a certain distance, the friction force between the rotating ring and the rotating shaft is small, the rotating speed difference between the rotating ring and the rotating shaft is large, and the relative movement speed of the rotating ring on the fixed shaft is high, so that the roller can better push the organic fertilizer on the fixed disk outwards, and the acceleration of throwing-out of the organic fertilizer on the fixed disk is facilitated.

The feeding pipe is divided into an upper section and a lower section which are respectively a fixed pipe and a swing pipe, the fixed pipe is vertically arranged at the top of the box body, and the fixed pipe is respectively communicated with the excrement tank and the auxiliary material tank; the swing pipe is of a straight pipe structure, one end of the straight pipe is of a sphere structure, the same spherical groove is formed in the bottom end of the fixed pipe, the swing pipe is rotatably installed at the bottom end of the fixed pipe through a sphere, the fixed pipe is communicated with the swing pipe, a third spring is arranged on the outer side wall of the fixed pipe, and the lower end of the third spring is connected with the swing pipe. After the livestock and poultry manure or the additive falls through the material conveying pipe, the swinging pipe is shaken to a certain degree due to the existence of the spring III, so that the spreading range of the livestock and poultry manure and the additive on the fixed disc is increased, and the livestock and poultry manure and the additive are more dispersed; on the other hand, the blockage of the swing pipe can be reduced, and the continuous operation is ensured.

The fixed disk lower surface slope upwards is provided with the hole that leaks, and the spout of leaking hole and fixed disk communicates with each other to make partial fertilizer can be through the hole whereabouts that leaks, the fertilizer is rotatory form and the intersection of certain degree appears each other after the hole that leaks through the slope, has further improved the effect that the stirring was mixed.

The circular shaft is arranged in the through hole of the filter plate and is arranged on the inner wall of the through hole of the filter plate, and the circular shaft is positioned below the filter screen; the outer surface of the round shaft is provided with four water receiving frames, the water receiving frames are symmetrically arranged on the round shaft, two of the water receiving frames are long, the other two water receiving frames are short, and the water receiving frames with the same size are arranged adjacently. When fertilizer realized waste water on the filter plate and filtered, in waste water through the filter screen fell into the water receiving frame, because the water receiving frame size is different, the water yield inequality of each water receiving frame inscription to make the circumference rotate, drive the motion of water receiving frame, in the water receiving frame motion process, the great water receiving frame of size was patted the filter screen, made the filter screen take place to shake, avoided the jam of filter screen.

The level of change below is provided with the spiral board, and the spiral board contacts with the fixed disk, and the spiral board is used for outwards pushing out the near fertilizer of axis of rotation on the fixed disk to be convenient for the fertilizer to fall down from the fixed disk, the outside end of spiral board is provided with the balancing weight. When the fixed disk rotated, the partial fertilizer that is close to the intermediate position on the fixed disk was less, be difficult for being thrown away because of centrifugal force, and the existence of spiral plate makes the change when the change rotates, and spiral plate synchronous motion outwards pushes out the fertilizer of fixed disk intermediate position, and the design of balancing weight makes the inside clearance of spiral plate can change, more is favorable to extruding the fertilizer in the spiral plate.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the compost preparation device for the excrement of the livestock and poultry, the excrement and the auxiliary materials gradually fall onto the fixed disc and are stacked mutually through the rotation of the fixed disc, and the excrement and the auxiliary materials are flatly paved on the fixed disc layer by layer through the rotation of the rollers on the fixed disc, so that the excrement and the auxiliary materials are uniformly mixed without manual operation; simultaneously can filter the moisture in the excrement and urine before getting into the fermentation cylinder, do benefit to going on smoothly of follow-up fermentation process, accomplish the excrement and urine after mixing and fall into the fermentation cylinder automatically and ferment, alleviate artificial operation.

2. According to the compost preparation device for the livestock excrement, the blocking blocks on the fixed disc and the crushing teeth on the roller are matched with each other to extrude and crush massive excrement, so that the excrement is fully contacted with auxiliary materials, and the successful proceeding of a subsequent fermentation process is facilitated.

3. According to the compost preparation device for the livestock and poultry excrement, the circular shaft rotates due to the fact that the sizes of the water receiving frames below the filter screen are different, the water receiving frames can rotate synchronously, the filter screen is flapped, the filter screen is prevented from being blocked, the water filtering effect is improved, and the service life of the filter screen is prolonged.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of the invention at B in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view C-C of FIG. 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a top view of the mounting of the stationary plate to the rotating shaft in accordance with the present invention;

in the figure: the device comprises a box body 1, a feces tank 2, an auxiliary material tank 3, a rotating shaft 4, a fixed disc 5, a roller 6, a rotating ring 7, a filter plate 8, a conveying pipe 11, a blocking block 51, a first electromagnet 52, a friction ring 41, a filter screen 81, a movable shaft 82, a discharge hole 12, a second electromagnet 61, crushing teeth 62, a fixed pipe 111, a swing pipe 112, a material leaking hole 53, a round shaft 83, a water receiving frame 84, a spiral plate 9 and a balancing weight 10.

Detailed Description

An apparatus for producing compost of livestock and poultry excrement according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 1 to 5.

As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 5, the compost preparation device for livestock and poultry excrement according to the present invention comprises a box body 1, an excrement tank 2, an auxiliary material tank 3, a rotating shaft 4, a fixed disc 5, a roller 6, a rotating ring 7, a filter plate 8, a fermentation tank and a motor, wherein the rotating shaft 4 is vertically installed at the top of the box body 1, and the rotating shaft 4 is located in the box body 1; the motor is arranged above the box body 1, and an output shaft of the motor is connected with the rotating shaft 4; the top of the box body 1 is provided with a feces tank 2 and an auxiliary material tank 3, the feces tank 2 and the auxiliary material tank 3 are respectively positioned at two sides of the motor, a conveying pipe 11 is arranged inside the box body 1, the conveying pipe 11 is respectively communicated with the feces tank 2 and the auxiliary material tank 3, and the conveying pipe 11 is used for enabling livestock and poultry feces in the feces tank 2 and additives in the auxiliary material tank 3 to fall into the box body 1; the fixed disk 5 is positioned in the box body 1, the fixed disk 5 is installed at the lower end of the rotating shaft 4, a sliding groove is formed in the upper surface of the fixed disk 5, the sliding grooves in the fixed disk 5 are concentrically and circularly arranged in a staggered mode, and a blocking block 51, a first spring and a first electromagnet 52 are arranged in the sliding groove; the electromagnet is arranged at the bottom of the sliding chute, and the first blocking block 51 is connected with the first electromagnet 52 through a first spring; the rotating ring 7 is arranged on the rotating shaft 4, the rotating shaft 4 is provided with a friction ring 41 at the part contacted with the rotating ring 7, the friction ring 41 is positioned between the rotating shaft 4 and the rotating ring 7, and the rotating ring 7 is positioned above the fixed disc 5; the number of the rollers 6 is at least two, and the rollers 6 are horizontally arranged on the rotating ring 7 through a rotating shaft; the filter plates 8 are arranged in the box body 1, the filter plates 8 are positioned below the fixed disc 5, through holes are formed in the filter plates 8, filter screens 81 are arranged in the through holes, after mixed organic fertilizer on the fixed disc 5 falls into the filter plates 8, water filtration is completed on the filter plates 8, the filter plates 8 are obliquely arranged on the box body 1 in a left-high-right mode, the filter plates 8 are divided into a left filter plate 8 and a right filter plate 8, the filter plates 8 on the left side are fixedly arranged in the box body 1, movable shafts 82 are horizontally arranged in the box body 1 along the front-back direction, the movable shafts 82 are rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the box body 1, torsion springs are arranged on the inner wall of the box body 1 at the positions of the movable shafts 82 and used for providing torsion for the reset motion of the movable shafts 82, one ends, far away from the inner wall of the box body 1, of the filter plates 8 on the right side, are in a V-shaped, the organic fertilizer filtered on the filter plate 8 flows out of the discharge port 12 under the action of gravity and enters a fermentation tank; the fermentation cylinder is located box 1 right side, and the fermentation cylinder links to each other with the discharge gate 12 of box 1, and the fermentation cylinder is used for fermenting the fertilizer after accomplishing mixing and drainage through box 1. When the device works, the livestock manure in the manure tank 2 and the additive in the auxiliary material tank 3 fall onto the fixed disc 5 under the action of gravity through the material conveying pipe 11, meanwhile, the motor drives the fixed disc 5 to rotate, and the roller 6 and the rotating shaft 4 are driven by the friction ring 41, so that a certain speed difference exists between the roller 6 and the rotating shaft 4, the roller 6 can tile the livestock manure and the additive on the fixed disc 5, the livestock manure and the additive are overlaid on the fixed disc 5 layer by layer, the initial mixing of the livestock manure and the additive is completed, and the existence of the blocking block 51 prevents the livestock manure and the additive on the fixed disc 5 from sliding out of the fixed disc 5 under the action of centrifugal force; then, the first electromagnet 52 works to enable the blocking block 51 to retract into the sliding groove of the fixed disk 5, the rotating speed of the motor is increased at the moment, organic fertilizer is thrown out from the edge of the fixed disk 5 under the action of centrifugal force, mixing is achieved again in the throwing-out process, the roller 6 is in direct contact with the fixed disk 5, the roller 6 can push the organic fertilizer on the fixed disk 5 to move due to the speed difference between the roller 6 and the fixed disk 5, and mixing is achieved and the organic fertilizer is also accelerated to be thrown out from the fixed disk 5. The fertilizer falls into on the filter plate 8 from the fixed disk 5 back that falls down, because filter plate 8 is V style of calligraphy structure, fertilizer on the filter plate 8 can remove one section distance along filter plate 8 to the effect that the fertilizer filtered moisture on filter plate 8 has been improved. When the organic fertilizer that piles up on the filter plate 8 surpassed certain weight, filter plate 8 on the right took place to rotate, realized the downward sloping under the action of gravity, made two filter plates 8 be in the coplanar gradually, and the organic fertilizer on the filter plate 8 slided along filter plate 8 under gravity to from the discharge gate 12 outflow of box 1, get into the fermentation cylinder and realize the fermentation.

As shown in fig. 2, the roller 6 is provided with a sliding groove on the outer circumferential surface along the radial direction, and the sliding groove is internally provided with a second electromagnet 61, a second spring and crushing teeth 62; the second electromagnet 61 is fixed at the bottom of the sliding groove; the roller 6 extends from the top end of the crushing tooth 62, the crushing tooth 62 is matched with the blocking block 51 to grind and crush the livestock and poultry manure, and the crushing tooth 62 is connected with the second electromagnet 61 through a second spring. When the roller 6 rotates on the fixed disc 5, the crushing teeth 62 and the blocking block 51 extrude large particles in the livestock and poultry manure, so that the crushing effect is improved, the additive is conveniently and fully contacted with the livestock and poultry manure, and the subsequent fermentation effect is improved.

As shown in fig. 2, the cross section of the friction ring 41 has a trapezoidal structure with a large upper end and a small lower end. When the stop block 51 extends out of the fixed disc 5 and abuts against the roller 6, so that the rotating ring 7 is positioned at the upper part of the friction ring 41, the friction force between the rotating ring 7 and the rotating shaft 4 is large, the rotating speed difference between the rotating ring 7 and the rotating shaft 4 is small, and the relative movement speed of the rotating ring 7 on the fixed shaft is low, so that the livestock and poultry manure crushing effect is ensured, the damage to the stop block 51 and the crushing teeth 62 is avoided, and the service life of the device is prolonged; after the stop block 51 retracts into the fixed disk 5 and the crushing teeth 62 retract into the roller 6, the roller 6 is in contact with the fixed disk 5, so that the rotating ring 7 moves downwards for a certain distance, the friction force between the rotating ring 7 and the rotating shaft 4 is small, the rotating speed difference between the rotating ring 7 and the rotating shaft 4 is large, the relative movement speed of the rotating ring 7 on the fixed shaft is high, the roller 6 can better push organic fertilizers on the fixed disk 5 outwards, and the acceleration of throwing the organic fertilizers out of the fixed disk 5 is facilitated.

As shown in fig. 1, the feed delivery pipe 11 is divided into an upper section and a lower section, which are respectively a fixed pipe 111 and a swing pipe 112, the fixed pipe 111 is vertically installed at the top of the box body 1, and the fixed pipe 111 is respectively communicated with the excrement tank 2 and the auxiliary material tank 3; the swing pipe 112 is of a straight pipe structure, one end of the straight pipe is of a sphere structure, the same spherical groove is formed in the bottom end of the fixed pipe 111, the swing pipe 112 is rotatably installed at the bottom end of the fixed pipe 111 through a sphere, the fixed pipe 111 is communicated with the swing pipe 112, a third spring is arranged on the outer side wall of the fixed pipe 111, and the lower end of the third spring is connected with the swing pipe 112. After the livestock manure or the additive falls down through the material conveying pipe 11, the swinging pipe 112 shakes to a certain degree due to the existence of the spring III, so that the spreading range of the livestock manure and the additive on the fixed disc 5 is increased, and the livestock manure and the additive are more dispersed; on the other hand, the blockage of the swing pipe 112 can be reduced, and the continuous operation is ensured.

As shown in fig. 2, the lower surface of the fixed disk 5 is obliquely and upwardly provided with material leaking holes 53, and the material leaking holes 53 are communicated with the sliding grooves of the fixed disk 5, so that part of organic fertilizer can fall through the material leaking holes 53, the organic fertilizer is in a rotating shape after falling through the oblique material leaking holes 53, and the organic fertilizer is crossed with each other to a certain degree, and the stirring and mixing effects are further improved.

As shown in fig. 3, the filter plate 8 is provided with a circular shaft 83 in the through hole, the circular shaft 83 is mounted on the inner wall of the through hole of the filter plate 8, and the circular shaft 83 is positioned below the filter screen 81; the outer surface of the round shaft 83 is provided with the water receiving frames 84, the number of the water receiving frames 84 is four, the water receiving frames 84 are symmetrically arranged on the round shaft 83, two of the water receiving frames 84 are long, the other two of the water receiving frames 84 are short, and the water receiving frames 84 with the same size are adjacently arranged. When fertilizer realized waste water on filter plate 8 and filtered, waste water through filter screen 81 fell into water receiving frame 84, because water receiving frame 84 size is different, the water yield inequality of each water receiving frame 84 inscription to make the circumference rotate, drive water receiving frame 84 motion, in the water receiving frame 84 motion process, the great water receiving frame 84 of size patted filter screen 81, made filter screen 81 take place to shake, avoided filter screen 81's jam.

As shown in fig. 2 and 4, a spiral plate 9 is horizontally arranged below the rotating ring 7, the spiral plate 9 is in contact with the fixed disk 5, the spiral plate 9 is used for pushing out organic fertilizer near the rotating shaft 4 on the fixed disk 5, so that the organic fertilizer falls from the fixed disk 5, and a counterweight 10 is arranged at the outer end of the spiral plate 9. When fixed disk 5 rotated, the partial fertilizer that is close to the intermediate position on the fixed disk 5 was less, be difficult for being thrown away because of centrifugal force, and the existence of spiral plate 9 makes swivel 7 rotate, and spiral plate 9 synchronous motion outwards pushes out the fertilizer of fixed disk 5 intermediate position, and the design of balancing weight 10 makes the inside clearance of spiral plate 9 change, more is favorable to extruding the fertilizer in the spiral plate 9.

The specific process is as follows:

when in work, the livestock and poultry manure in the manure tank 2 and the additive in the auxiliary material tank 3 fall onto the fixed disc 5 under the action of gravity through the material conveying pipe 11, and simultaneously, the motor drives the fixed disc 5 to rotate, because the roller 6 and the rotating shaft 4 are driven by the friction ring 41, a certain speed difference exists between the roller 6 and the rotating shaft 4, so that the rollers 6 can tile the livestock manure and the additives on the fixed disk 5, so that the livestock manure and the additives are overlaid on the fixed disk 5 layer by layer, the initial mixing of the livestock manure and the additives is completed, in the process, the crushing teeth 62 and the blocking blocks 51 are extruded to crush large particles in the livestock and poultry manure, so that the crushing effect is improved, the additive is conveniently and fully contacted with the livestock and poultry manure, the subsequent fermentation effect is improved, and the existence of the blocking blocks 51 prevents the livestock and poultry manure and the additive on the fixed disc 5 from sliding out of the fixed disc 5 under the action of centrifugal force; then, the first electromagnet 52 works to enable the blocking block 51 to retract into the sliding groove of the fixed disk 5, the rotating speed of the motor is increased at the moment, organic fertilizer is thrown out from the edge of the fixed disk 5 under the action of centrifugal force, mixing is achieved again in the throwing-out process, the crushing teeth 62 retract into the roller 6, the roller 6 is in direct contact with the fixed disk 5, the roller 6 can push the organic fertilizer on the fixed disk 5 to move due to the speed difference between the roller 6 and the fixed disk 5, and mixing is achieved and the organic fertilizer is thrown out from the fixed disk 5 is accelerated. The fertilizer falls into on the filter plate 8 from the fixed disk 5 back that falls down, because filter plate 8 is V style of calligraphy structure, fertilizer on the filter plate 8 can remove one section distance along filter plate 8 to the effect that the fertilizer filtered moisture on filter plate 8 has been improved. When the organic fertilizer that piles up on the filter plate 8 surpassed certain weight, filter plate 8 on the right took place to rotate, realized the downward sloping under the action of gravity, made two filter plates 8 be in the coplanar gradually, and the organic fertilizer on the filter plate 8 slided along filter plate 8 under gravity to from the discharge gate 12 outflow of box 1, get into the fermentation cylinder and realize the fermentation.

When the stop block 51 extends out of the fixed disc 5 and abuts against the roller 6, so that the rotating ring 7 is positioned at the upper part of the friction ring 41, the friction force between the rotating ring 7 and the rotating shaft 4 is large, the rotating speed difference between the rotating ring 7 and the rotating shaft 4 is small, and the relative movement speed of the rotating ring 7 on the fixed shaft is low, so that the livestock and poultry manure crushing effect is ensured, the damage to the stop block 51 and the crushing teeth 62 is avoided, and the service life of the device is prolonged; after the stop block 51 retracts into the fixed disk 5 and the crushing teeth 62 retract into the roller 6, the roller 6 is in contact with the fixed disk 5, so that the rotating ring 7 moves downwards for a certain distance, the friction force between the rotating ring 7 and the rotating shaft 4 is small, the rotating speed difference between the rotating ring 7 and the rotating shaft 4 is large, the relative movement speed of the rotating ring 7 on the fixed shaft is high, the roller 6 can better push organic fertilizers on the fixed disk 5 outwards, and the acceleration of throwing the organic fertilizers out of the fixed disk 5 is facilitated.

When fertilizer realized waste water on filter plate 8 and filtered, waste water through filter screen 81 fell into water receiving frame 84, because water receiving frame 84 size is different, the water yield inequality of each water receiving frame 84 inscription to make the circumference rotate, drive water receiving frame 84 motion, in the water receiving frame 84 motion process, the great water receiving frame 84 of size patted filter screen 81, made filter screen 81 take place to shake, avoided filter screen 81's jam.

When fixed disk 5 rotated, the partial fertilizer that is close to the intermediate position on the fixed disk 5 was less, be difficult for being thrown away because of centrifugal force, and the existence of spiral plate 9 makes swivel 7 rotate, and spiral plate 9 synchronous motion outwards pushes out the fertilizer of fixed disk 5 intermediate position, and the design of balancing weight 10 makes the inside clearance of spiral plate 9 change, more is favorable to extruding the fertilizer in the spiral plate 9.

While one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

(A) In the above embodiment, two rollers are provided, but not limited thereto, and the rollers may be designed in plural as necessary.

(B) In the above embodiment, the first blocking piece and the first electromagnet, and the second crushing tooth and the second electromagnet are connected by springs, but the connection is not limited to this, and the connection may also be realized by elastic air bags.

Industrial applicability

According to the livestock and poultry manure composting device, the manure and auxiliary materials can be automatically and efficiently mixed, meanwhile, the organic fertilizer can be subjected to moisture filtration, and the working efficiency is high, so that the livestock and poultry manure composting device is useful in the field of livestock and poultry manure composting.

Claims

1. A livestock and poultry animal excrement compost preparation facilities which characterized in that: the excrement and urine collecting device comprises a box body (1), an excrement and urine tank (2), an auxiliary material tank (3), a rotating shaft (4), a fixed disc (5), a roller (6), a rotating ring (7), a filter plate (8), a fermentation tank and a motor, wherein the rotating shaft (4) is vertically installed at the top of the box body (1), and the rotating shaft (4) is located in the box body (1); the motor is arranged above the box body (1), and an output shaft of the motor is connected with the rotating shaft (4); the top of the box body (1) is provided with an excrement tank (2) and an auxiliary material tank (3), the excrement tank (2) and the auxiliary material tank (3) are respectively positioned on two sides of the motor, a conveying pipe (11) is arranged inside the box body (1), the conveying pipe (11) is respectively communicated with the excrement tank (2) and the auxiliary material tank (3), and the conveying pipe (11) is used for enabling livestock and poultry excrement in the excrement tank (2) and additives in the auxiliary material tank (3) to fall into the box body (1); the fixed disc (5) is positioned in the box body (1), the fixed disc (5) is installed at the lower end of the rotating shaft (4), sliding grooves are formed in the upper surface of the fixed disc (5), the sliding grooves in the fixed disc (5) are arranged in a concentric circle staggered mode, and blocking blocks (51), springs I and electromagnets I (52) are arranged in the sliding grooves; the first electromagnet (52) is arranged at the bottom of the sliding groove, and the first blocking block (51) is connected with the first electromagnet (52) through a first spring; the rotating ring (7) is arranged on the rotating shaft (4), a friction ring (41) is arranged at the contact part of the rotating shaft (4) and the rotating ring (7), the friction ring (41) is positioned between the rotating shaft (4) and the rotating ring (7), and the rotating ring (7) is positioned above the fixed disc (5); the number of the rollers (6) is at least two, and the rollers (6) are horizontally arranged on the rotating ring (7) through a rotating shaft; the filter plate (8) is arranged in the box body (1), the filter plate (8) is positioned below the fixed disc (5), a through hole is formed in the filter plate (8), a filter screen (81) is arranged in the through hole, the organic fertilizer after mixing on the fixed disc (5) falls into the filter plate (8), the water is filtered on the filter plate (8), the filter plate (8) is obliquely arranged on the box body (1) in a left-high-right mode, the filter plate (8) on the left is divided into a left filter plate and a right filter plate, the filter plate (8) on the left is fixedly arranged in the box body (1), a movable shaft (82) is horizontally arranged in the box body (1) along the front-back direction, the movable shaft (82) is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the box body (1), a torsion spring is arranged at the position of the movable shaft (82) on the inner wall of the box body (1), the torsion spring is used for providing torsion force for the reset motion of the movable shaft, the two filter plates (8) are in a V-shaped structure, a discharge hole (12) is formed in the right side wall of the box body (1), the position of the discharge hole (12) corresponds to the lowest position of the filter plates (8) when the two filter plates (8) are positioned on the same plane, and organic fertilizer filtered on the filter plates (8) flows out of the discharge hole (12) under the action of gravity and enters a fermentation tank; the fermentation cylinder is located box (1) right side, and the fermentation cylinder links to each other with discharge gate (12) of box (1), and the fermentation cylinder is used for fermenting the fertilizer after accomplishing to mix through box (1) and drainage.

2. A compost preparation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the roller (6) is provided with a sliding groove in the radial direction on the outer circumferential surface, and a second electromagnet (61), a second spring and crushing teeth (62) are arranged in the sliding groove; the second electromagnet (61) is fixed at the bottom of the sliding groove; the roller (6) extends from the top end of the crushing tooth (62), the crushing tooth (62) is matched with the blocking block (51) to roll and crush the livestock and poultry manure, and the crushing tooth (62) is connected with the second electromagnet (61) through the second spring.

3. A compost preparation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the section of the friction ring (41) is of a trapezoidal structure with a large upper end and a small lower end.

4. A compost preparation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the feed delivery pipe (11) is divided into an upper section and a lower section which are respectively a fixed pipe (111) and a swinging pipe (112), the fixed pipe (111) is vertically arranged at the top of the box body (1), and the fixed pipe (111) is respectively communicated with the excrement tank (2) and the auxiliary material tank (3); the swing pipe (112) is of a straight pipe structure, one end of the straight pipe is of a sphere structure, the bottom ends of the fixed pipes (111) are provided with the same spherical grooves, the swing pipe (112) is rotatably installed at the bottom end of the fixed pipe (111) through a sphere, the fixed pipe (111) is communicated with the swing pipe (112), the outer side wall of the fixed pipe (111) is provided with a third spring, and the lower end of the third spring is connected with the swing pipe (112).

5. A compost preparation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lower surface of the fixed disc (5) is obliquely and upwards provided with material leaking holes (53), the material leaking holes (53) are communicated with the sliding grooves of the fixed disc (5), so that part of organic fertilizer can fall through the material leaking holes (53), the organic fertilizer is in a rotating shape after falling through the oblique material leaking holes (53), and the organic fertilizer is crossed with each other, and the stirring and mixing effects are further improved.

6. A compost preparation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a round shaft (83) is arranged in the through hole of the filter plate (8), the round shaft (83) is installed on the inner wall of the through hole of the filter plate (8), and the round shaft (83) is positioned below the filter screen (81); the outer surface of the round shaft (83) is provided with water receiving frames (84), the number of the water receiving frames (84) is four, the water receiving frames (84) are symmetrically arranged on the round shaft (83), two of the water receiving frames (84) are long, the other two of the water receiving frames (84) are short, and the water receiving frames (84) with the same size are adjacently arranged.

7. A compost preparation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: swivel (7) below level is provided with spiral plate (9), spiral plate (9) and fixed disk (5) contact, spiral plate (9) are used for outwards pushing out the near fertilizer that is close to axis of rotation (4) on fixed disk (5) to be convenient for the fertilizer from fixed disk (5) and fall down, the outside end of spiral plate (9) is provided with balancing weight (10), balancing weight (10) are used for making the inside clearance of spiral plate (9) further change, thereby more be favorable to extruding the fertilizer in spiral plate (9).