CN108623698A - 瓜蒌皮寡/多糖glp-1-1、其制备方法及用途 - Google Patents
瓜蒌皮寡/多糖glp-1-1、其制备方法及用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108623698A CN108623698A CN201710160906.3A CN201710160906A CN108623698A CN 108623698 A CN108623698 A CN 108623698A CN 201710160906 A CN201710160906 A CN 201710160906A CN 108623698 A CN108623698 A CN 108623698A
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- glp
- oligo
- trichosanthes
- polysaccharide
- nacl
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- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- VHBFFQKBGNRLFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vitamin p Natural products O1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 VHBFFQKBGNRLFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种瓜蒌皮寡/多糖GLP‑1‑1,其单糖组成包括阿拉伯糖、甘露糖和葡萄糖组成,三种单糖的摩尔比为:(0.1~1.0):(4~6):(8~12)。本发明还公开了其制备方法及用途,所述瓜蒌皮寡/多糖GLP‑1‑1具有血管紧张素转化酶抑制作用,可以用于制备血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中草药多糖的提取;具体涉及一种瓜蒌皮寡/多糖、其制备方法及用途。
背景技术
瓜蒌皮(Trichosanthis pericarpium)为葫芦科栝楼属植物栝楼(Trichosantheskirilowii Maxim.)或双边栝楼(TrichosanthesrosthoriniiHarms)的干燥成熟果皮。瓜蒌皮注射液为上药集团旗下子公司上海第一生化药业有限公司独家产品,是以瓜蒌皮为原料,经水提醇沉,再经过离子交换树脂洗脱而制成的灭菌水溶液,临床上用于冠心病,稳定型心绞痛的治疗,具有行气除满,开胸除痹之功效。瓜蒌皮注射液临床应用广泛,但物质基础尚不明确。目前对瓜蒌皮的化学成分研究也主要集中在小分子上,如从瓜蒌皮中分离出脂肪酸、甾醇、黄酮、氨基酸、核苷酸和生物碱成分,但瓜蒌皮聚糖类成分却鲜有报道。
肾素-血管紧张素系统(RAS)和激肽释放酶-激肽系统(KKS)对机体血压、电解质和体液平衡的维持都起着重要的作用。在RAS-KKS系统中血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)起着至关重要的作用,ACE能催化血管紧张素I(angiotensinI,AngI)转变为强效升高血压作用的物质血管紧张素II(angiotensinII,AngII),与此同时,还将具有降压作用物质舒缓激肽(bradykinin)降解,使之失去降压作用,从而参与血压调节,大规模临床试验数据显示,血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(ACEI)类药物能显著降低冠心病患者的死亡率和再发主要心血管事件的风险。
发明内容
根据现有技术中存在的上述问题,本发明将瓜蒌皮按照瓜蒌皮注射液国家药品标准进行提取,并以抗ACE活性跟踪为前提,对透析截留后的袋内大分子部分进行活性跟踪分离纯化和结构分析,为阐明瓜蒌皮注射液的化学物质基础提供依据。
本发明提供了一种瓜蒌皮寡/多糖GLP-1-1,其单糖组成包括阿拉伯糖、甘露糖和葡萄糖组成,三种单糖的摩尔比为:(0.1~1.0):(4~6):(8~12);优选的,三种单糖的摩尔比为:0.2:4.3:10.00。
所述的瓜蒌皮寡/多糖GLP-1-1,其相对平均分子量为800~10000Da;优选为800~4500Da,进一步优选为1367Da。
本发明还提供了所述的瓜蒌皮寡/多糖GLP-1-1的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:
(1)取瓜蒌皮,加水煎煮,收集滤液,减压浓缩后加入乙醇,静置后取上清液,滤过,干燥得浸膏;
(2)浸膏经透析后收集袋内部分,干燥后得到样品GLP;
(3)样品GLP过阴离子交换树脂,用水、0.1M、0.2M、0.5M和1.0M NaCl依次洗脱,其中0.1M洗脱组分得GLP-1;
(4)将洗脱组分GLP-1以0.2M NaCl为流动相,经分子筛凝胶柱层析,得瓜蒌皮寡/多糖GLP-1-1。
其中,
步骤(1)所述乙醇的质量分数优选为80~95%,更优选为90%;加入乙醇后,滤液中的含醇量优选为60~75%,更优选为70%;
步骤(2)所述透析优选使用截留分子量1000Da的透析袋透析;
步骤(3)所述阴离子交换树脂为DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow阴离子交换树脂;
步骤(4)所述分子筛凝胶柱层析为Superdex 75分子筛凝胶柱层析;
步骤(1)和步骤(2)中的干燥为冷冻干燥。
作为一个优选的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:
(1)取瓜蒌皮,加水煎煮2~4次,每次1~4小时,收集合并每次的滤液,减压浓缩至相对密度为1.10~1.25(30℃),加入质量分数为80~95%乙醇使滤液中的含醇量为60~75%,静置24~72小时,取上清液,滤过,干燥得浸膏;
(2)浸膏经截留分子量1000Da的透析袋透析后收集袋内部分,冷冻干燥后得到样品GLP;
(3)样品GLP过DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow阴离子交换树脂,用水、0.1M、0.2M、0.5M和1.0M NaCl洗脱,用苯酚硫酸跟踪,分别对应得到洗脱组分GLP-W、GLP-1、GLP-2、GLP-5和GLP-10;
(4)将0.1M NaCl洗脱得到的洗脱组分GLP-1以0.2M NaCl为流动相经Superdex 75分子筛凝胶柱层析,得瓜蒌皮寡/多糖GLP-1-1。
本发明还公开了所述的瓜蒌皮寡/多糖GLP-1-1在制备血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂中的用途。
附图说明
图1为GLP-1经Superdex 75凝胶分离图谱,收集130min-170min馏分;
图2为瓜蒌皮寡/多糖GLP-1-1的HPGPC图谱;其中,A:瓜蒌皮寡/多糖GLP-1-1;B:空白样品;
图3为瓜蒌皮寡/多糖GLP-1-1糖组成分析气相色谱图谱;其中,A.瓜蒌皮寡/多糖GLP-1-1;B.单糖混合对照品,1.D-鼠李糖2.L-岩藻糖3.D-阿拉伯糖4.D-木糖5.D-甘露糖6D-葡萄糖7.D-半乳糖;
图4为瓜蒌皮聚糖及其纯化后寡/多糖的ACE抑制活性;A:GLP、GLP-W、GLP-1、GLP-2、GLP-5和GLP-10在200μg/ml时的ACE抑制率,阳性对照卡托普利(Captopril)在100nM时的ACE抑制率;B:瓜蒌皮寡/多糖GLP-1-1在3.125到200μg/ml浓度下的ACE抑制率,IC50为113.4μg/ml。
具体实施方式
1材料和仪器
1.1材料
瓜蒌皮20kg购自上海康桥中药饮片有限公司(产地:山东;批号:150825;生产日期:2015年8月25日),DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow阴离子交换树脂和Superdex系列分子筛凝胶柱购自通用电气GE Healthcare;普鲁兰多糖P-82标准品套装:P-5,P-10,P-20,P-50,P-100,P-200,P-400,P-800,Shodex;水为超纯水;血管紧张素转化酶ACE、Hip-His-Leu、卡托普利、4-甲基吗啉硼烷、单糖标准品(D-葡萄糖、D-阿拉伯糖、L-岩藻糖、L-鼠李糖、D-甘露糖、D-木糖、D-半乳糖)和三氟乙酸购自SIGMA公司,硼酸、硼砂、盐酸、喹啉、苯磺酰氯、无水乙醇和氯化钠均购自国药集团上海试剂有限公司;其它的试剂均为分析纯。
1.2仪器
安捷伦1260系列高效液相色谱仪(包括自动进样器、输液泵、脱气机、DAD检测器、IR检测器及安捷伦Cirrus GPC软件);安捷伦7890B型气相色谱仪配备7693型三重四级杆质谱仪,毛细管柱(0.25mm×30m,0.25μm)购自RESTEK公司;利穗科技多糖分离系统配置Shodex示差折光IR检测器;电子天平(赛托利斯-SECURA225D);离心机(SIGMA-3K15);旋转蒸发仪(BUCHI-Rotavapor R-300);冷冻干燥机(LABCONCO-4.5L);纯水仪(密理博REFRENCE)。
2实验方法
2.1瓜蒌皮寡/多糖的提取及分离纯化
瓜蒌皮的提取按照国家药品标准(WS-11417(ZD-1417)-2002-2008)的制备流程,即取瓜蒌皮5000g,加水煎煮三次,第一次2小时,第二次、第三次各1小时,分次滤过,合并滤液并减压浓缩至相对密度为1.10~1.25(30℃),加入质量分数为90%的乙醇使最终滤液中含醇量为70%,静置72小时,取上清液,滤过,回收乙醇,真空干燥后得浸膏。浸膏经截留分子量为1000Da的透析袋透析后收集袋内大分子部分,冷冻干燥后样品记做GLP。
GLP经DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow阴离子交换树脂通过水、0.1M、0.2M、0.5M和1.0M NaCl洗脱,苯酚硫酸跟踪,分别对应得到洗脱组分GLP-W、GLP-1、GLP-2、GLP-5和GLP-10;活性最强洗脱组分GLP-1以0.2M NaCl为流动相经Superdex 75分子筛凝胶柱层析,得GLP-1-1。2.2瓜蒌皮寡/多糖纯度和相对分子量测定
采用HPGPC法测定寡/多糖的纯度及相对分子量。称取样品配置成浓度为2mg/mL的溶液,标准品为普鲁兰多糖P-82标准品套装,配制成浓度为2mg/mL的混合标准品溶液。色谱柱:UltrahydrogelTM 1000(7.8×300mm)串联UltrahydrogelTM 250(7.8×300mm),Waters;流动相:0.2M NaCl;流速:0.8mL/min;柱温:40℃。分别精密吸取标准品与样品溶液各10μL,注入HPGPC进行检测,图谱通过安捷伦Cirrus GPC软件数据处理。
2.3单糖组成分析
还原水解法进行糖组成分析,取样品约1~2mg,置15×150mm试管中,加200μL3mol/L三氟乙酸溶液和50μL4-甲基吗啉硼烷溶液,80℃油浴水解5min,取出加入50μL4-甲基吗啉硼烷溶液,120℃油浴水解1h,取出。再加入100μL4-甲基吗啉硼烷溶液,转入25ml梨形烧瓶,60℃水浴减压蒸干,再加2~3ml乙腈蒸干三次,然后加200μL三氟乙酸和200μL乙酸酐,50℃水浴乙酰化10min,加3ml水终止反应,室温放置30min,用5ml氯仿萃取全乙酰化衍生物,氯仿层用水洗三次,无水硫酸钠干燥,然后用氯仿稀释至50ml溶液。
GC-MS检测。GC-MS程序升温条件:140-198℃(2℃/min),保持4min,继续升温到217℃(1℃/min),保持4min,最后升温到250℃(3℃/min),保持5min,进样口温度为250℃;载气为氦气(体积流量1mL/min)。
2.4血管紧张素转化酶抑制活性筛选
2.4.1马尿酸标准曲线的绘制
称取马尿酸溶于0.1mo1/L硼酸盐缓冲液(pH 8.3,含0.3mo1/LNaCI)配制成0.4mg/mL标准应用液。分别取0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20,0.25,0.30和0.40mL标准液于10mL带塞玻璃试管中,用蒸馏水稀释至0.5mL,另取一支试管只加0.5mL蒸馏水作空白。在避光条件下向每只试管加入0.6mL喹啉,旋涡器上混合10s后加入0.2mL苯磺酰氯(BSC)(喹啉:BSC=3.2比例最佳),立即盖紧管塞在旋涡混合器上混合20s,反应液在30℃恒温水浴锅中避光放置30min。随后向各管加入3.7mL无水乙醇,混匀,继续避光放置30min。取0.2mL反应混合物加入到96孔平底培养板中,用酶标仪在波长492nm下测定吸光度。以吸光度为纵坐标,马尿酸含量(c)为横坐标,绘制标准曲线。每个测定值均作三次重复。
2.4.2 ACE抑制剂活性的测定
表1 ACE抑制活性体外检测方法
a(样品组)、b(对照组)、c(空白组)分别按表1中所述检测方法进行,分别得到Aa、Ab和Ac。具体步骤为:
a(样品组):
将ACE底物Hip-His-Leu溶于0.1mol/L的含0.3mol/LNaCl的硼酸盐缓冲液中(pH8.3),配制成5mmol/L的浓度。取50μL5mmo1/LHip-His-Leu溶液与20μLACE抑制剂(即洗脱组分GLP-W、GLP-1、GLP-2、GLP-5、GLP-10、GLP-1-1或卡托普利)混合,在37℃恒温水浴中预热5min。随后加入10μL0.1U/mLACE溶液(用0.1mol/L的含0.3mol/LNaCI的硼酸盐缓冲液中(PH8.3)配制),37℃反应30min加入100μL 1mol/LHCl溶液终止反应,并加入硼酸盐缓冲液至0.5ml。然后ACE水解Hip-His-Leu生成的马尿酸量按前述2.4.1马尿酸标准曲线的绘制方法进行测定。
b(对照组)
将ACE底物Hip-His-Leu溶于0.1mol/L的含0.3mol/LNaCl的硼酸盐缓冲液中(pH8.3),配制成5mmol/L的浓度。取50μL5mmo1/LHip-His-Leu溶液与20μL0.1mol/L硼酸盐缓冲液混合,在37℃恒温水浴中预热5min。随后加入10μL0.1U/mLACE溶液(用0.1mol/L的含0.3mol/LNaCI的硼酸盐缓冲液中(PH 8.3)配制),37℃反应30min加入100μL 1mol/LHCl溶液终止反应,然后加入20μLACE抑制剂(即洗脱组分GLP-W、GLP-1、GLP-2、GLP-5、GLP-10、GLP-1-1或卡托普利),并加入硼酸盐缓冲液至0.5ml。然后ACE水解Hip-His-Leu生成的马尿酸量按前述2.4.1马尿酸标准曲线的绘制方法进行测定。
c(空白组)
取10μL0.1U/mLACE(用0.1mol/L的含0.3mol/LNaCI的硼酸盐缓冲液中(PH 8.3)配制),加入100μL 1mol/LHCl溶液,加入ACE底物Hip-His-Leu(用0.1mol/L的含0.3mol/LNaCl的硼酸盐缓冲液中(pH 8.3)配制成5mmol/L的浓度),然后加入20μLACE抑制剂(即洗脱组分GLP-W、GLP-1、GLP-2、GLP-5、GLP-10、GLP-1-1或卡托普利),在37℃恒温水浴中加热35min。随后加入硼酸盐缓冲液至0.5ml。然后ACE水解Hip-His-Leu生成的马尿酸量按前述2.4.1马尿酸标准曲线的绘制方法进行测定。
所有测定均作三次重复,取平均值,然后将Aa、Ab和Ac的测试结果代入如下公式计算ACE的抑制程度:
ACE抑制率%=(Ab-Aa)/(Ab-Ac)×100%
式中:Aa:ACE及ACE抑制剂都存在的条件下的吸光度
Ab:ACE抑制剂不参与反应的条件下测得的吸光度
Ac:ACE不参与反应的条件下的吸光度
配制不同浓度的GLP-1-1(200μg/ml、100μg/ml、50μg/ml、25μg/ml、12.5μg/ml、6.25μg/ml、3.125μg/mlμg/ml,),按以上步骤测定其ACE抑制活性,以ACE抑制活性(%)为纵坐标,log(GLP-1-1浓度)为横坐标绘制曲线,并进行回归分析得出回归方程用于计算GLP-1-1的半抑制浓度(IC50)。
3结果
3.1 GLP-1-1的分离纯化
瓜蒌皮样品GLP经DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow分别以蒸馏水、0.1M、0.2M、0.5M和1.0M NaCl洗脱分离后,被依次分为5个洗脱组分GLP-W、GLP-1、GLP-2、GLP-5和GLP-10;活性最强的洗脱组分GLP-1再经Superdex 75凝胶柱进一步纯化,收集130min-170min馏分,经浓缩、脱盐和冷冻干燥后得GLP-1-1(图1),苯酚硫酸法检测GLP-1-1显色明显,表明GLP-1-1为糖类成分。
3.2纯度和分子量测定
GLP-1-1的纯度和分子量采用高效液相凝胶渗透色谱法(HPGPC)进行测定,结果显示GLP-1-1的HPGPC谱图呈单一峰(图2),表明GLP-1-1为均一寡/多糖。以不同分子量的普鲁兰多糖为标准品,经Cirrus GPC软件分析测得本实施例中得到的GLP-1-1相对平均分子量为1367Da,为寡糖。
3.3单糖组成分析
采用还原水解法对单糖糖组成进行分析,结果表明GLP-1-1主要含阿拉伯糖、甘露糖和葡萄糖,三种单糖的摩尔比为:0.2:4.3:10.0(图3)。
3.4血管紧张素转化酶抑制活性测定
实验结果显示GLP-W、GLP-1和GLP-2在200μg/ml时均表现出较好的血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)抑制作用,其中GLP-1的活性最强,抑制率为58.12±4.97%(图4A)。GLP-1经Superdex75凝胶纯化后的均一寡/多糖GLP-1-1经活性检测后,200μg/ml时ACE抑制率为69.09±3.91%,IC50为113.4μg/ml(图4B)。
Claims (10)
1.一种瓜蒌皮寡/多糖GLP-1-1,其特征在于,其单糖组成包括阿拉伯糖、甘露糖和葡萄糖组成,三种单糖的摩尔比为:(0.1~1.0):(4~6):(8~12)。
2.如权利要求1所述的瓜蒌皮寡/多糖GLP-1-1,其特征在于,其单糖组成包括阿拉伯糖、甘露糖和葡萄糖组成,三种单糖的摩尔比为:0.2:4.3:10.00。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的瓜蒌皮寡/多糖GLP-1-1,其特征在于,其相对平均分子量为800~10000Da。
4.如权利要求3所述的瓜蒌皮寡/多糖GLP-1-1,其特征在于,其相对平均分子量为1367Da。
5.权利要求1~4中任一项所述的瓜蒌皮寡/多糖GLP-1-1的制备方法,其特征在于包括如下步骤:
(1)取瓜蒌皮,加水煎煮,收集滤液,减压浓缩后加入乙醇,静置后取上清液,滤过,干燥得浸膏;
(2)浸膏经透析后收集袋内部分,干燥后得到样品GLP;
(3)样品GLP过阴离子交换树脂,用水、0.1M、0.2M、0.5M和1.0M NaCl依次洗脱,其中0.1M洗脱组分得GLP-1;
(4)将GLP-1以0.2M NaCl为流动相,经分子筛凝胶柱层析,得瓜蒌皮寡/多糖GLP-1-1。
6.如权利要求5所述的瓜蒌皮寡/多糖GLP-1-1的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)所述乙醇的质量分数为80~95%,加入乙醇后,滤液中的含醇量为60~75%。
7.如权利要求5所述的瓜蒌皮寡/多糖GLP-1-1的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)所述透析是使用截留分子量1000Da的透析袋透析。
8.如权利要求5所述的瓜蒌皮寡/多糖GLP-1-1的制备方法,其特征在于:
步骤(3)所述阴离子交换树脂为DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow阴离子交换树脂;
步骤(4)所述分子筛凝胶柱层析为Superdex 75分子筛凝胶柱层析。
9.权利要求1~4中任一项所述的瓜蒌皮寡/多糖GLP-1-1的制备方法,其特征在于包括如下步骤:
(1)取瓜蒌皮,加水煎煮2~4次,每次1~4小时,收集合并每次的滤液,减压浓缩至相对密度为1.10~1.25,加入质量分数为80~95%乙醇使滤液中的含醇量为60~75%,静置24~72小时,取上清液,滤过,干燥得浸膏;
(2)浸膏经截留分子量1000Da的透析袋透析后收集袋内部分,冷冻干燥后得到样品GLP;
(3)样品GLP过DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow阴离子交换树脂,用水、0.1M、0.2M、0.5M和1.0M NaCl洗脱,用苯酚硫酸跟踪,分别对应得到洗脱组分GLP-W、GLP-1、GLP-2、GLP-5和GLP-10;
(4)将0.1M NaCl洗脱得到的洗脱组分GLP-1以0.2M NaCl为流动相经Superdex 75分子筛凝胶柱层析,得瓜蒌皮寡/多糖GLP-1-1。
10.权利要求1~4中任一项所述的瓜蒌皮寡/多糖GLP-1-1在制备血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂中的用途。
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