CN108617957A - 具有降脂功效的营养食品 - Google Patents
具有降脂功效的营养食品 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108617957A CN108617957A CN201810444373.6A CN201810444373A CN108617957A CN 108617957 A CN108617957 A CN 108617957A CN 201810444373 A CN201810444373 A CN 201810444373A CN 108617957 A CN108617957 A CN 108617957A
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- powder
- nutraceutical
- peptide
- food
- fruit
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种具有降脂功效的营养食品。该营养食品包括功能性红曲米粉、食源性短肽和水溶性膳食纤维。功能性红曲米粉含有众多的营养素且具有降低血脂的功效;而且功能性红曲米粉中的米粉还可以作为营养物质食用。食源性短肽可以促进上述营养物质的吸收,且能够促建氨基酸和蛋白质的合成,进而保证人体的蛋白质供给。水溶性膳食纤维具有低热量、促进胃肠蠕动且促进肠道益生菌增殖。上述营养食品中包含了功能性红曲米粉、食源性短肽和水溶性膳食纤维,依据各自优势的发挥以及协同作用实现了稳定降脂的目的。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药用食品,具体而言,涉及一种具有降脂功效的营养食品。
背景技术
高血脂,又称血脂紊乱或血脂异常,是指人体内血清脂质的浓度水平超出了正常范围,即血清总胆固醇(TC)或三酰甘油(TG)水平过高和/或血清高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL-C)水平过低。高血脂是中老年的常见病和多发病,随着社会的快速发展,人们的生活习惯和饮食结构的转变,人们饮食结构趋向于高糖高脂,高血脂的发病率也越来越高,发病的年龄也有所提前。高血脂所引起的动脉粥样硬化是造成冠心病、高血压和脑血管疾病的主要原因,全球每年约有1200万人死于心血管病和脑中风。所以,高血脂的治疗非常重要,这也引起全人类的高度关注。
近年来对高血脂的研究、预防、治疗也有了新的认识。高血脂作为一种慢性代谢性疾病,采用药物医疗作用甚小,而膳食补充是最基础也是最有效的疗法。
国人很早就开始注重养生保健,注重以食疗、药膳等来预防和调理慢性病以及急性病理状态后的康复过程,维持和促进机体的健康与康复。我国的中医养生理论已提出5000多年,《黄帝内经》提出“药食同源”和“治未病”理念也有2000多年的历史,现代临床营养学在全球范围内的不断发展,这些都为当代功能性食品、特殊医学用途配方食品、保健食品和药品(特别是中药类)的研究提供了宝贵的理论基础。
但是,目前的降脂功能产品一般为药品、保健品或者辅助食品,上述各降脂功能产品的作用发挥都依赖患者本身的饮食结构,因此,导致其降脂功效不稳定。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种具有降脂功效的营养食品,以解决现有技术中的降脂功能产品的降脂功效不稳定的问题。
为了实现上述目的,根据本发明的一个方面,提供了一种具有降脂功效的营养食品,该营养食品包括功能性红曲米粉、食源性短肽和水溶性膳食纤维。
进一步地,上述营养食品包括3~10份的功能性红曲米粉、10~15份的食源性短肽和30~70份的水溶性膳食纤维。
进一步地,上述食源性短肽选自小麦低聚肽、大豆肽、玉米肽、乳清蛋白肽、胶原肽及卵白蛋白肽中的任意一种或多种。
进一步地,上述水溶性膳食纤维选自聚葡萄糖、低聚果糖、低聚木糖、低聚乳糖、低聚异麦芽糖、低聚壳聚糖和低聚异麦芽酮糖中的任意一种或多种。
进一步地,上述营养食品还包括圆苞车前子壳粉;优选地,按重量份计,营养食品包括10~20份的圆苞车前子壳粉。
进一步地,上述营养食品还包括葛根粉,优选地按重量份计,营养食品还包括5~10份的葛根粉。
进一步地,上述营养食品还包括酸枣仁提取物,优选营养食品还包括5~15份酸枣仁提取物。
进一步地,上述营养食品还包括果蔬粉;优选地,按重量份计,营养食品包括5~15份的果蔬粉,优选地,果蔬粉为香蕉粉、芒果粉、菠萝粉、菠萝蜜粉、榴莲粉、椰肉粉、椰枣粉、柠檬粉、荔枝粉、龙眼粉、苹果粉、枣粉、梨粉、杏粉、山楂粉、柿粉、橙粉、柑橘粉、柚子粉、桃粉、草莓粉、树莓粉、桑葚粉、石榴粉、樱桃粉、无花果粉、黑加仑粉、哈密瓜粉、西瓜粉、木瓜粉、番茄粉、胡萝卜粉、葡萄粉、南瓜粉、猕猴桃粉、枸杞粉、沙棘粉、蔓越莓粉、蓝莓果粉、阿萨伊果粉、诺丽果粉及猴面包果粉中的一种或多种。
进一步地,上述营养食品还包括矿物质;优选地按重量份计,营养食品还包括0.2~1.4份的矿物质;更优选地,矿物质为葡萄糖酸亚铁、乳酸锌、甘氨酸锌、L-苏糖酸钙、葡萄糖酸钙、乳酸镁、葡萄糖酸锰、亚硒酸钠、富硒酵母及硫酸铜中的一种或多种。
本发明提供了一种具有降脂功效的营养食品,功能性红曲米粉含有众多的营养素,其中以铁质元素最为丰富,具有补血和预防贫血的功能;同时,人体自身合成胆固醇需经一系列代谢过程,其中关键就是羟甲基戍二酰辅酶A(HMG-CoA)在其还原酶(HMG-CoA-R)的作用下生成甲羟戊酸,再进一步合成胆固醇,功能性红曲米粉中有效成分正是HMG-CoA还原酶的竞争抑制剂,从而就阻断了合成胆固醇的通路,起到了降低血脂的功效;而且功能性红曲米粉中的米粉还可以作为营养物质食用。食源性短肽可以促进上述营养物质的吸收,且能够促建氨基酸和蛋白质的合成,进而保证人体的蛋白质供给。水溶性膳食纤维具有低热量、促进胃肠蠕动且促进肠道益生菌增殖,比如促进双歧杆菌的增殖,其中双歧杆菌的增殖可以在肠道内合成维生素B1、B2、B6、B12、烟酸、叶酸等营养物质,进一步地提供全面的营养。上述营养食品中包含了功能性红曲米粉、食源性短肽和水溶性膳食纤维,依据各自优势的发挥以及协同作用实现了稳定降脂的目的。
具体实施方式
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将结合实施例来详细说明本发明。
以下结合具体实施例对本申请作进一步详细描述,这些实施例不能理解为限制本申请所要求保护的范围。
正如背景技术部分所描述的,现有技术中的各降脂功能产品的作用发挥都依赖患者本身的饮食结构,因此,导致其降脂功效不稳定。
为了解决上述问题,本申请的发明人通过长期试验和精心研发,在本申请一种典型的实施方式中,提出了一种具有降脂功效的营养食品,该营养食品包括、功能性红曲米粉、食源性短肽和水溶性膳食纤维。
功能性红曲米粉含有众多的营养素,其中以铁质元素最为丰富,具有补血和预防贫血的功能;同时,人体自身合成胆固醇需经一系列代谢过程,其中关键就是羟甲基戍二酰辅酶A(HMG-CoA)在其还原酶(HMG-CoA-R)的作用下生成甲羟戊酸,再进一步合成胆固醇,功能性红曲米粉中有效成分正是HMG-CoA还原酶的竞争抑制剂,从而就阻断了合成胆固醇的通路,起到了降低血脂的功效;而且功能性红曲米粉中的米粉还可以作为营养物质食用。食源性短肽可以促进上述营养物质的吸收,且能够促建氨基酸和蛋白质的合成,进而保证人体的蛋白质供给。水溶性膳食纤维具有低热量、促进胃肠蠕动且促进肠道益生菌增殖,比如促进双歧杆菌的增殖,其中双歧杆菌的增殖可以在肠道内合成维生素B1、B2、B6、B12、烟酸、叶酸等营养物质,进一步地提供全面的营养。
上述实施方式提供的营养食品中包含了功能性红曲米粉、食源性短肽和水溶性膳食纤维,依据各自优势的发挥以及协同作用实现了稳定降脂的目的。
本领域技术人员可以对于上述营养食品中各成分的用量比例可以进行适当调整。在一种优选的实施方式中,按重量份计,营养食品包括3~10份的功能性红曲米粉、10~15份的食源性短肽和30~70份的水溶性膳食纤维。将各成分的用量控制在上述范围内,既能以更佳比例保证人体对于营养物质的需要又能更有效地发挥降脂作用。
上述食源性短肽可以选择常用的类型。在一种优选的实施方式中,上述食源性短肽为小麦低聚肽、大豆肽、玉米肽、乳清蛋白肽、胶原肽及卵白蛋白肽中的任意一种或多种。小麦低聚肽具有ACE抑制作用、免疫调节、抗氧化等多种生物活性,能够更有效地刺激机体淋巴细胞增殖、增强巨噬细胞吞噬功能,从而能够更有效地提高机体抵御外界病原体感染的能力。同时,小麦低聚肽还能够抑制血管紧张素转化酶的活性,从而生理性地降低血压,这也有利于降低高血脂患者并发症的发生几率。大豆肽可以增加人体重要免疫器官:胸腺的体积的健康程度,从而可以更有效地增强机体免疫力。且大豆肽还具有快速缓解疲劳、增强肌肉力量、降血压等功效。玉米肽、乳清蛋白肽、胶原肽及卵白蛋白肽也具有与小麦低聚肽和大豆肽类似的功效。除此以外,上述几种食源性短肽更易吸收,更适宜作为高血脂患者的日常营养元素。
上述水溶性膳食纤维可以选择常用的类型。在一种优选的实施方式中,上述水溶性膳食纤维选自聚葡萄糖、低聚果糖、低聚木糖、低聚乳糖、低聚异麦芽糖、低聚壳聚糖和低聚异麦芽酮糖中的任意一种或多种。
在本申请一种实施例中,上述营养食品还包括圆苞车前子壳粉;上述圆苞车前子壳以粉体形式添加,其中富含可溶性膳食纤维,且具有降低血胆固醇的功效,因此,在上述营养食品中添加圆苞车前子壳可以进一步改善营养食品的降血脂功效。为了平衡营养需求和降脂效果,优选地,按重量份计,营养食品包括10~20份的圆苞车前子壳粉。
此外,优选上述营养食品还包括葛根粉。葛根粉中含有人体需要的十多种氨基酸和十多种微量元素,因此进一步保证了人体的健康,同时葛根粉还具有降血脂的功效,因此可以进一步增强本申请的营养食品的降脂功效和稳定性。为了平衡葛根粉的营养功效和降脂功效,优选地按重量份计,营养食品还包括5~10份的葛根粉。
在本申请又一种优选的实施方式中,上述营养食品还包括酸枣仁提取物。酸枣仁提取物具有降血脂、镇静的作用,因此应用至本申请的营养食品中一方面和其它成分协同降血脂,另一方面平缓使用者的情绪,使上述各营养成分更易吸收。优选营养食品还包括5~15份酸枣仁提取物。
为了进一步为食用者提供更加丰富的营养,优选上述营养食品还包括果蔬粉;优选地,按重量份计,营养食品包括5~15份的果蔬粉,优选果蔬粉为香蕉粉、芒果粉、菠萝粉、菠萝蜜粉、榴莲粉、椰肉粉、椰枣粉、柠檬粉、荔枝粉、龙眼粉、苹果粉、枣粉、梨粉、杏粉、山楂粉、柿粉、橙粉、柑橘粉、柚子粉、桃粉、草莓粉、树莓粉、桑葚粉、石榴粉、樱桃粉、无花果粉、黑加仑粉、哈密瓜粉、西瓜粉、木瓜粉、番茄粉、胡萝卜粉、葡萄粉、南瓜粉、猕猴桃粉、枸杞粉、沙棘粉、蔓越莓粉、蓝莓果粉、阿萨伊果粉、诺丽果粉及猴面包果粉中的一种或多种。果蔬粉中含有丰富的维生素、矿物质等营养元素,因此可以进一步完善上述营养食品的营养成分。
在另一种优选的实施例中,上述营养主食还包括矿物质;优选地,按重量份计,营养主食还包括0.2~1.4份的矿物质;更优选地,矿物质为葡萄糖酸亚铁、乳酸锌、甘氨酸锌、L-苏糖酸钙、葡萄糖酸钙、乳酸镁、葡萄糖酸锰、亚硒酸钠、富硒酵母及硫酸铜中的一种或多种。矿物质和维生素一样,是人体必须的元素,矿物质是无法自身产生、合成,因此在上述营养主食中添加上述矿物质能够为机体补充适当的矿物质,进一步保证营养元素的摄入。
上述营养食品的具体制备过程简单,只需将各成分混合即可,功能性红曲米粉、食源性短肽、水溶性膳食纤维、果蔬粉、甜味剂、圆苞车前子壳粉、矿物质、葛根粉和酸枣仁提取物等均可以购买。各组分可以是粉状外观,还可以通过挤压塑形等方式呈现各种3D造型,比如:类大米型等。在食用过程中可以熟化后冲泡食用,也可以替代传统食品的食用形式。
当将上述营养食品制作为固体饮料时,可以向其中掺入麦芽糊精,使其成型,其中麦芽糊精的使用量可以按照固体饮料的制作要求来调节,比如调整在70~80wt%之间;当将上述营养食品制作为主食时,可以向其中掺入谷物粉,其中谷物粉的掺入了在90wt%左右。为了改善上述营养主食的口味,优选营养主食还包括甜味剂,针对高血脂患者,优选营养主食包括2~10份的甜味剂,优选上述甜味剂为木糖醇、新橙皮苷二氢查尔酮、安赛蜜和阿巴斯甜中的任意一种或多种。一方面改善了营养主食的口味,另一方面不会因为甜味剂的添加增加高血脂患者的代谢负担。当制作成3D造型米作为3D主食时,不添加上述甜味剂。
以下通过实施例进一步说明本发明的有益效果:
各营养食品的制备方法具体如下:
步骤一:原料过筛制粒,将经过超微粉碎后的水溶性膳食纤维、功能性红曲米粉、可选的果蔬粉和可选的圆苞车前子壳粉分别过100~12500目筛制粒,得超微制粒化的物料A;
步骤二:将食源性短肽、可选的矿物质加入水中溶解,再通过雾化喷淋包衣工艺,对物料A进行包衣,再经搅拌得物料B;
步骤三:将物料B加水快速搅拌,最大限度减少包衣的溶解,得到物料C;然后喂入挤压成型机(如:双螺杆挤出机),挤出成型后旋切成米粒状;然后干燥,得到3D造型的具有降脂功效的营养食品。
实施例和对比例
各实施例中提供了成分不同、配比不同的营养食品,具体成分和组分见表1和2:
表1
水溶性膳食纤维 | 食源性短肽 | 果蔬粉 | |
实施例1,6至26,对比例1至3 | 聚葡萄糖 | 玉米肽 | 桑葚粉 |
实施例2 | 低聚果糖 | 胶原肽 | 桑葚粉 |
实施例3 | 低聚木糖 | 小麦低聚肽 | 黑加仑粉 |
实施例4 | 低聚乳糖 | 大豆肽 | 蓝莓粉 |
实施例5 | 低聚异麦芽糖 | 乳清蛋白肽 | 葡萄粉 |
表2
对上述实施例1至26及对比例1至3中的营养食品的性能进行测试:
采用健康成年SD大鼠350只,雌雄各半,体重150~200g进行试验。
方法:
分组:SD大鼠以截尾采血法测定其正常血清胆固醇(TC)含量,剔出个别TC含量偏高或偏低之大鼠后,随机分为三十一组:对照组、高脂对照组、各实施例试验组、各对比例试验组,各组大鼠体重、血清TC含量和性别要按照均匀分配适当调配。除对照组饲以普通饲料外,其余各组均饲以高脂饲料,自由采食。
20天后,各试验组分别采用对应实施例和对比例的营养食品进行饲喂,各组每天饲喂等量的营养食品。
各组大鼠均连续饲喂30天后,摘除眼球取血,测定血清胆固醇(TC)、血清甘油三酯(TG)及血清高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C),每次测定前大鼠禁食12小时。结果,各组大鼠血清TC值、血清TG值、血清HDL-C值结果见表3。
表3
根据表3中实施例、对比例以及高脂对照组的数据可以看出,采用本申请的营养食品,可以明显降低血脂,而且降脂效果较为稳定;同时,通过对营养食品中各组分的配比进行限定,可以进一步提升降脂效果。
从以上的描述中,可以看出,本发明上述的实施例实现了如下技术效果:
功能性红曲米粉含有众多的营养素,其中以铁质元素最为丰富,具有补血和预防贫血的功能;同时,人体自身合成胆固醇需经一系列代谢过程,其中关键就是羟甲基戍二酰辅酶A(HMG-CoA)在其还原酶(HMG-CoA-R)的作用下生成甲羟戊酸,再进一步合成胆固醇,功能性红曲米粉中有效成分正是HMG-CoA还原酶的竞争抑制剂,从而就阻断了合成胆固醇的通路,起到了降低血脂的功效;而且功能性红曲米粉中的米粉还可以作为营养物质食用。食源性短肽可以促进上述营养物质的吸收,且能够促建氨基酸和蛋白质的合成,进而保证人体的蛋白质供给。水溶性膳食纤维具有低热量、促进胃肠蠕动且促进肠道益生菌增殖,比如促进双歧杆菌的增殖,其中双歧杆菌的增殖可以在肠道内合成维生素B1、B2、B6、B12、烟酸、叶酸等营养物质,进一步地提供全面的营养。
上述实施方式提供的营养食品中包含了功能性红曲米粉、食源性短肽和水溶性膳食纤维,依据各自优势的发挥以及协同作用实现了稳定降脂的目的。
本发明以服务百姓健康为己任,经精心研发提出了上述适合高血脂患者食用的营养食品,具有广泛而深远的意义。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种具有降脂功效的营养食品,其特征在于,所述营养食品包括功能性红曲米粉、食源性短肽和水溶性膳食纤维。
2.根据权利要求1所述的营养食品,其特征在于,按重量份计,所述营养食品包括3~10份的所述功能性红曲米粉、10~15份的所述食源性短肽和30~70份的所述水溶性膳食纤维。
3.根据权利要求1所述的营养食品,其特征在于,所述食源性短肽选自小麦低聚肽、大豆肽、玉米肽、乳清蛋白肽、胶原肽及卵白蛋白肽中的任意一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的营养食品,其特征在于,所述水溶性膳食纤维选自聚葡萄糖、低聚果糖、低聚木糖、低聚乳糖、低聚异麦芽糖、低聚壳聚糖和低聚异麦芽酮糖中的任意一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的营养食品,其特征在于,所述营养食品还包括圆苞车前子壳粉;优选地,按重量份计,所述营养食品包括10~20份的所述圆苞车前子壳粉。
6.根据权利要求1所述的营养食品,其特征在于,所述营养食品还包括葛根粉,优选地按重量份计,所述营养食品还包括5~10份的所述葛根粉。
7.根据权利要求1所述的营养食品,其特征在于,所述营养食品还包括酸枣仁提取物,优选所述营养食品还包括5~15份所述酸枣仁提取物。
8.根据权利要求1所述的营养食品,其特征在于,所述营养食品还包括果蔬粉;优选地,按重量份计,所述营养食品包括5~15份的所述果蔬粉,优选地,所述果蔬粉为香蕉粉、芒果粉、菠萝粉、菠萝蜜粉、榴莲粉、椰肉粉、椰枣粉、柠檬粉、荔枝粉、龙眼粉、苹果粉、枣粉、梨粉、杏粉、山楂粉、柿粉、橙粉、柑橘粉、柚子粉、桃粉、草莓粉、树莓粉、桑葚粉、石榴粉、樱桃粉、无花果粉、黑加仑粉、哈密瓜粉、西瓜粉、木瓜粉、番茄粉、胡萝卜粉、葡萄粉、南瓜粉、猕猴桃粉、枸杞粉、沙棘粉、蔓越莓粉、蓝莓果粉、阿萨伊果粉、诺丽果粉及猴面包果粉中的一种或多种。
9.根据权利要求1所述的营养食品,其特征在于,所述营养食品还包括矿物质;优选地按重量份计,所述营养食品还包括0.2~1.4份的所述矿物质;更优选地,所述矿物质为葡萄糖酸亚铁、乳酸锌、甘氨酸锌、L-苏糖酸钙、葡萄糖酸钙、乳酸镁、葡萄糖酸锰、亚硒酸钠、富硒酵母及硫酸铜中的一种或多种。
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