CN108611636A - A kind of preparation method of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN108611636A CN108611636A CN201810725844.0A CN201810725844A CN108611636A CN 108611636 A CN108611636 A CN 108611636A CN 201810725844 A CN201810725844 A CN 201810725844A CN 108611636 A CN108611636 A CN 108611636A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating, specifically include following steps：S1. cladding substrate pretreated；S2. processing is dried in cladding material；S3. it uses laser combination coaxial powder-feeding method that cladding material is made to be melted simultaneously with cladding matrix skin, forms a laminated gold plating to get the high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating；Wherein, cladding matrix described in step S1 is Q960 steel；Cladding material described in step S2 is the mixture of 6 alloy powder of tungsten-carbide powder and Stellite.The present invention prepares composite coating in Q960 steel surfaces in a creative way using laser melting and coating technique, tungsten-carbide powder and 6 alloy powders of Stellite are mixed in specific proportions and are used as cladding material, scientific and reasonable design laser melting and coating technique technological parameter, it is low effectively to solve 6 cobalt alloy laser cladding coating hardness of Stellite, the shorter problem of service life under abrasive wear operating mode.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laser gain material manufacturing technology fields, more particularly, to a kind of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating
Preparation method.
Background technology
The high added values such as aircraft structure, engine component, metal die parts are often because of abrasion, high-temperature gas punching
The factors such as brush ablation, high and low cycle fatigue, external force destruction lead to local failure and fail.Therefore, surface is carried out to above-mentioned parts
Processing, it is most important to improve the mechanical performances such as hardness, wearability, corrosion resistance and the endurance of component surface.Currently, common
Method be using laser melting and coating technique in component surface prepares coating.
Laser melting and coating technique is an emerging part processing and surface modifications technology, have small dilution, dense structure,
Coating is combined with matrix, is suitble to the features such as cladding material is more, granularity and changes of contents are big.But in laser cladding process heating and
Cooling speed is exceedingly fast, due to being had differences between cladding layer and the temperature gradient and coefficient of thermal expansion of basis material so that cladding
The number of drawbacks such as stomata, crackle, deformation and surface irregularity are generated in layer, lead to the unstable quality of cladding layer, and laser is molten
It covers in common cladding material and contains chromium more, be easy to pollute the environment.
On the other hand, that there are hardness is not high for 6 cobalt-base alloys laser cladding coatings of existing Stellite, is susceptible to big
The problems such as measuring crackle and stomata, the service life so as to cause the part under extremely serious abrasive wear operating mode greatly contracts
It is short, therefore, find a kind of side for the hardness and structure stability that can improve 6 cobalt-base alloys laser cladding coatings of Stellite
Method is particularly significant.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of preparation method of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating is provided.This method
Using Q960 steel as cladding matrix, using the mixture of 6 alloy powder of tungsten-carbide powder and Stellite as cladding material, adopt
Laser melting coating is carried out under laser effect with coaxial powder-feeding method, not only effectively solves the problems, such as that quality of cladding layer is unstable, and
Preparation process is simple, efficient, environmentally safe.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wear resistant corrosion resistant being prepared using above-mentioned preparation method is compound
Coating.Present invention offer coating hardness is higher, under high-temperature work environment, has good corrosion resistance and wear-resisting property.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of preparation method of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating, specifically includes following steps：
S1. cladding substrate pretreated；
S2. cladding material is dried；
S3. it uses laser combination coaxial powder-feeding method that cladding material is made to be melted simultaneously with cladding matrix skin, forms one layer
Alloy coat is to get the wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating；
Wherein, cladding matrix described in step S1 is Q960 steel；Cladding material described in step S2 be tungsten-carbide powder and
The mixture of 6 alloy powders of Stellite.
The present invention is made using Q960 steel as cladding matrix with the mixture of 6 alloy powder of tungsten-carbide powder and Stellite
For cladding material, laser melting coating is carried out under laser effect using coaxial powder-feeding method, it is compound in one layer of Q960 steel surfaces formation
Coating, the coating integrate the performance of cladding matrix and cladding material, and hardness is higher, and have good corrosion resistance and wearability
Energy.
Further, the mass ratio of 6 alloy powder of the tungsten-carbide powder and Stellite is 10~50: 90~50.
Further, the mass ratio of 6 alloy powder of the tungsten-carbide powder and Stellite is 30: 70.
The present invention cladding material use elasticity modulus is big, microhardness is high, the tungsten-carbide powder of corrosion resistance and good with
And the mixture for 6 alloy powders of Stellite that friction coefficient is low, wear-resisting property is good, and the mixing of both scientific and reasonable designs
Ratio, both comprehensive performance advantage, effectively solution 6 cobalt alloy laser cladding coating hardness of Stellite is low, in abrasive wear
The shorter problem of service life under operating mode.
Further, the granularity of 6 alloy powders of the Stellite is 40~100 μm, 6 alloys of the Stellite
Powder is made of C, Cr, Si, W, Fe, Mo, Ni, Mn, Co element, content is respectively 1.2%, 29%, 1.2%, 4.5%, 3%,
1%, 3%, 1%, Co surpluses.
Further, the granularity of 6 alloy powders of the Stellite is 60 μm.
Further, the granularity of the tungsten-carbide powder is 30~70 μm.
Further, the granularity of the tungsten-carbide powder is 50 μm.
Further, the concrete operation step of the cladding substrate pretreated is：By 600 mesh sand paper of cladding matrix surface
It polishes bright and clean, then removes the greasy dirt and rusty stain of clean surface with ethanol solution.
Further, a concentration of the 95% of the ethanol solution, the processing time are 5min.
Further, the technological parameter being dried described in step S2 is：Drying temperature is 80 DEG C, and drying time is
30min。
It is easy problems of crack for the cladding layer of solution, further, laser described in step S3 is STAUBLTX90
The power of type digital control laser device, the laser is 300~700W.
The present invention is using laser melting and coating technique in Q960 steel surface prepares coatings, in laser cladding process, laser
Power is bigger, and the deposited metals amount of thawing is more, and the probability for generating stomata is bigger, as laser power increases, cladding layer depth
Increase, the liquid metals big ups and downs of surrounding, dynamic solidification crystallization makes stomata quantity gradually decrease or even be eliminated, crackle
Also it gradually decreases, after cladding layer depth reaches capacity depth, as power improves, matrix surface temperature increases, and deforms and opens
Split phenomenon aggravation；Laser power is too small, and only face coat melts, and matrix does not melt, and local pilling, sky occurs in clad layer surface at this time
Surface cladding purpose is not achieved in hole etc..The present invention not only avoids cladding layer from opening by rationally stringent control laser power
The problems such as splitting, deforming, also so that matrix is fully melted with cladding material, clad layer surface is smooth.
Further, the spot width selected by laser described in step S3 is 2~10mm, sweep speed 10mm/s, takes
It is 50% to connect rate, using argon gas as protective gas, argon flow amount 22L/h, powder feed rate 1.2r/min.
The present invention, in Q960 steel surface prepares coatings, is rationally strictly controlled in laser cladding process using laser melting and coating technique
Various process parameters, and by being mutually matched between various process parameters, effectively solve the problems, such as that cladding layer is easy cracking；It obtains
The more excellent laser cladding technological parameter in Q960 steel surface prepares coatings is obtained, the coating prepared under the technological parameter has excellent
Corrosion-resistant, high temperature resistant, shock resistance and antisticking polishing machine.
A kind of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating that the preparation method of above-mentioned wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating is prepared.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The present invention prepares composite coating in Q960 steel surfaces in a creative way using laser melting and coating technique, by tungsten-carbide powder and
6 alloy powders of Stellite mix in specific proportions is used as cladding material, scientific and reasonable design laser melting and coating technique technique ginseng
Number, the composite coating stomata being prepared under the technological parameter is few, is effectively improved the phenomenon that cladding process floating coat cracks,
Significantly improve the cladding of Q960 steel and 6 alloy powder of tungsten-carbide powder and Stellite so that laser cladding layer is combined with matrix
More perfect, for calmodulin binding domain CaM almost without any crackle and stomata, compactness is good.
The present invention is had using coaxial powder-feeding method easily realizes automation control, and laser energy absorption rate is high, no internal porosity,
Especially deposited metals ceramics, can significantly improve the anti-cracking performance of cladding layer, make hard ceramic mutually can be in cladding layer
The advantages that even distribution, and argon gas protection is very good, powder using efficiency is high, cladding coating does not have oxidative phenomena.
The laser cladding coating microhardness that the present invention is prepared reaches as high as 815HV, and corrosion potential is reachable-
883mV, hence it is evident that it is higher than the corrosion potential of matrix Q960 steel itself, and without heavy metals such as chromium in cladding material, it will not be to ring
Border pollutes.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the abrasion spirogram of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3；
Fig. 3 is the microhardness figure of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3；
Fig. 4 is the polarization curve of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3.
Specific implementation mode
To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention is made below in conjunction with Figure of description and preferred embodiment more complete
Face meticulously describes, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used hereinafter and the normally understood meaning of those skilled in the art
It is identical.Technical term used herein is intended merely to the purpose of description specific embodiment, it is no intended to limit the present invention's
Protection domain.
Unless otherwise specified, various raw material, reagent, the instrument and equipment etc. used in the present invention can pass through city
Field is commercially available or can be prepared by existing method.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of preparation methods of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating, specifically include following steps：
S1. cladding substrate pretreated：It is using Q960 steel as cladding matrix, its surface is bright and clean with the polishing of 600 mesh sand paper, then
The greasy dirt and rusty stain of clean surface, checkout time 5min are removed with a concentration of 95% ethanol solution；
S2. it is in mass ratio 30 after processing being dried in tungsten-carbide powder and 6 alloy powders of Stellite:70 mixing
Mixed-powder uniformly is made；
Wherein, the technological parameter of drying process is：Drying temperature is 80, and DEG C drying time is 30min, tungsten-carbide powder
Granularity is 60 μm, and the granularity of 6 alloy powders of Stellite is 50 μm；
S3. use STAUBLTX90 type digital control laser device combination coaxial powder-feeding methods that tungsten-carbide powder and Stellite6 is made to close
Bronze end is quickly cooled down and to form a laminated gold plating compound to get wear resistant corrosion resistant at room temperature in Q960 steel surface claddings
Coating；
Wherein, the power of laser is 500W, and selected spot width is 5mm, sweep speed 10mm/s, overlapping rate are
50%, using argon gas as protective gas, argon flow amount 22L/h, powder feed rate 1.2r/min.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of preparation method of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating, with reference to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with
Embodiment 1 the difference is that：In step S3, the power of laser is 550W.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment provides a kind of preparation method of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating, with reference to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with
Embodiment 1 the difference is that：In step S3, the power of laser is 450W.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment provides a kind of preparation method of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating, with reference to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with
Embodiment 1 the difference is that：In step S2, tungsten-carbide powder and 6 alloy powders of Stellite in mass ratio 10:90.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment provides a kind of preparation method of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating, with reference to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with
Embodiment 1 the difference is that：In step S2, tungsten-carbide powder and 6 alloy powders of Stellite in mass ratio 50:50.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment provides a kind of preparation method of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating, with reference to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with
Embodiment 1 the difference is that：In step S3, selected spot width is 2mm.
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment provides a kind of preparation method of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating, with reference to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with
Embodiment 1 the difference is that：In step S3, selected spot width is 10mm.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a kind of preparation method of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating, with reference to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with
Embodiment 1 the difference is that：In step S1, cladding matrix is titanium alloy.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a kind of preparation method of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating, with reference to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with
Embodiment 1 the difference is that：In step S2, cladding material is tungsten carbide.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides a kind of preparation method of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating, with reference to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with
Embodiment 1 the difference is that：In step S2, cladding material is 6 alloy powders of Stellite.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example provides a kind of preparation method of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating, with reference to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with
Embodiment 1 the difference is that：In step S2, tungsten-carbide powder and 6 alloy powders of Stellite in mass ratio 60:40.
Comparative example 5
This comparative example provides a kind of preparation method of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating, with reference to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with
Embodiment 1 the difference is that：In step S3, the power of laser is 200W.
Comparative example 6
This comparative example provides a kind of preparation method of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating, with reference to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with
Embodiment 1 the difference is that：In step S3, the power of laser is 800W.
Comparative example 7
This comparative example provides a kind of preparation method of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating, with reference to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with
Embodiment 1 the difference is that：In step S3, selected spot width is 1mm.
Comparative example 8
This comparative example provides a kind of preparation method of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating, with reference to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with
Embodiment 1 the difference is that：In step S3, selected spot width is 12mm.
SEM observations are carried out to the high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating that embodiment 1 is prepared, observe the result is shown in Figure 1.
As shown in Figure 1, under the special ratios of 6 alloy powder of tungsten-carbide powder and Stellite and specific laser work(
Under the conditions of rate, spot width, effectively prevents coating and generate stomata, prevent coating cracking, ensure the compactness of coating.
Abrasive grain wear test test is carried out to Q960 steel cladding matrixes and Examples 1 to 3, specific testing result is shown in Table 1
And Fig. 2.
Wherein, abrasive grain wear test test method is as follows：The coating being prepared is cut into first with wire cutting machine
The sample of 26.5mm × 57mm × 7mm, in MLS-225 type wet type rubber wheel mill grain-abrasion testing machine test wear amounts, abrasion
Time is 20min.
Table 1
Properties detection is carried out to the wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating that Examples 1 to 7 and comparative example 1~8 are prepared,
Include mainly that microhardness and chemical property detect, specific testing result is shown in Table 2 and Fig. 3~4.
Wherein, microhardness detection method is as follows：The coating being prepared is cut into 26.5mm first with wire cutting machine
The sample of × 57mm × 7mm is polished using sand paper and removes specimen surface iron rust, spot and big cut, then polished with polishing machine
To minute surface without any cut state, then absolute ethyl alcohol and ultrasonic wave is used thoroughly to clean, dry, followed by Lycra microhardness
Measurement tries its surface fused coating to the hardness of substrate；In order to reduce experimental error, the transverse horizontal measurement layer difference of each sample
3 points are measured, is separated by 0.2cm between each measurement point, is then averaged again.The cladding layer prepared under different technical parameters is aobvious
Microhardness is measured since cladding layer top, is a measurement point every 0.2cm, microhardness can characterize the present invention and prepare painting
The wear-resisting property of layer.
Chemical property detection method is as follows：First with wire cutting machine by the coating being prepared be cut into 26.5mm ×
The sample of 57mm × 7mm, sanding and polishing coating sample surface, then on CHI660E electrochemical workstations, using 3.5wt.%
NaCl solution beta alloy coating polarization curve, corrosion potential can characterize the corrosion resistance of prepares coating of the present invention
Energy.
Table 2
It is found that the present invention uses Q960 steel as cladding base in a creative way compared with embodiment 4 and 5 and comparative example 1~4
Body with the use of tungsten-carbide powder and 6 alloy powders of Stellite as cladding material, and mixes cladding material in specific proportions
Material carries out laser melting coating under laser effect using coaxial powder-feeding method, a laminated gold plating, the painting is formed in Q960 steel surfaces
The performance of layer comprehensive cladding matrix and cladding material, hardness is higher, has good corrosion resistance and wear-resisting under high temperature environment
Performance.
It is found that laser work(during laser melting and coating technique compared with Examples 1 to 3, comparative example 5 and 6 and Fig. 2~4
Rate has larger impact to the quality of cladding layer, and when laser power is excessive, matrix surface temperature increases, and deformation and cracking phenomena add
It is acute；And laser power it is too small when, only face coat melts, and matrix do not melt, and local pilling, cavity etc. occurs in clad layer surface at this time
Surface cladding purpose is not achieved in phenomenon；The present invention uses STAUBLTX90 type digital control laser devices, rationally stringent control laser work(
Rate, within the scope of laser power provided by the invention, cladding layer be not in not only cracking, deformation the problems such as, and matrix with
Cladding material fully melts, and clad layer surface is smooth, and wear extent is small, has excellent performance.
It is found that the present invention uses laser melting and coating technique in Q960 steel surfaces compared with embodiment 6~7 and comparative example 7 and 8
Prepares coating, it is rationally stringent to control various process parameters in laser cladding process, in specific spot width, powder feed rate condition
Under, it effectively prevents coating and generates stomata, prevent coating cracking, ensure the compactness of coating, the coating being prepared is micro- hard
Degree reaches as high as 815HV, the reachable -883mV of corrosion potential.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate technical scheme of the present invention example, and is not
Restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the art, on the basis of the above description also
It can make other variations or changes in different ways.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.It is all
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made by within the spirit and principles in the present invention etc. should be included in right of the present invention and want
Within the protection domain asked.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating, which is characterized in that specifically include following steps：
S1. cladding substrate pretreated；
S2. cladding material is dried；
S3. it uses laser combination coaxial powder-feeding method that cladding material is made to be melted simultaneously with cladding matrix skin, forms a laminated gold
Coating is to get the wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating；
Wherein, cladding matrix described in step S1 is Q960 steel；Cladding material described in step S2 is tungsten-carbide powder and Stellite
The mixture of 6 alloy powders.
2. the preparation method of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the tungsten-carbide powder
Mass ratio with 6 alloy powders of Stellite is 10 ~ 50: 90 ~ 50.
3. the preparation method of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the Stellite 6
The granularity of alloy powder is 40~100 μm, and 6 alloy powders of the Stellite are by C, Cr, Si, W, Fe, Mo, Ni, Mn, Co member
Element composition, content is respectively 1.2%, 29%, 1.2%, 4.5%, 3%, 1%, 3%, 1%, Co surpluses.
4. the preparation method of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the tungsten-carbide powder
Granularity be 30~70 μm.
5. the preparation method of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cladding matrix is pre-
The concrete operation step of processing is：Cladding matrix surface is bright and clean with the polishing of 600 mesh sand paper, then remove clean table with ethanol solution
The greasy dirt and rusty stain in face.
6. the preparation method of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the ethanol solution
A concentration of 95%, the processing time is 5 min.
7. the preparation method of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that dry described in step S2
The technological parameter of processing is：Drying temperature is 80 DEG C, and drying time is 30 min.
8. the preparation method of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that laser described in step S3
Device is STAUBLTX90 type digital control laser devices, and the power of the laser is 300 ~ 700 W.
9. the preparation method of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that laser described in step S3
Spot width selected by device is 2 ~ 10 mm, 10 mm/s of sweep speed, overlapping rate 50%, using argon gas as protective gas,
Argon flow amount is 22 L/h, and powder feed rate is 1.2 r/min.
10. a kind of preparation method such as any one of the claim 1 ~ 9 wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating is prepared wear-resisting
Corrosion-resistant composite coating.
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