CN108893735A - A kind of preparation method of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN108893735A CN108893735A CN201810726456.4A CN201810726456A CN108893735A CN 108893735 A CN108893735 A CN 108893735A CN 201810726456 A CN201810726456 A CN 201810726456A CN 108893735 A CN108893735 A CN 108893735A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
- C23C24/106—Coating with metal alloys or metal elements only
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating, specifically include following steps：S1. cladding substrate pretreated；S2. cladding material is dried；S3. cladding material is melted simultaneously with cladding matrix skin using laser combination coaxial powder-feeding method, form a laminated gold plating to get the high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating；Wherein, cladding matrix described in step S1 is 45# steel；Cladding material described in step S2 is 6 alloy powder of Stellite.The present invention is using laser melting and coating technique in a creative way in 45# steel surface prepares coating, cooperation is using 6 alloy powder of Stellite of hardness height, wearability and good corrosion resistance as cladding material, scientific and reasonable design laser melting and coating technique technological parameter, the coating prepared under the technological parameter have excellent corrosion-resistant, high temperature resistant, shock resistance and antisticking polishing machine.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Laser-Hardened Materials Surface-micromachining process fields, more particularly, to a kind of high-hardness corrosion-resistant
The preparation method of coating.
Background technique
Cobalt-base alloys intensity with higher, wearability, good resistance to thermooxidation, corrosion and heat resistant and cold-and-heat resistent are handed over
Change ability is usually used in the fields such as the energy, petrochemical industry, metallurgy, aerospace as high temperature alloy.With stainless steel and nickel-base alloy phase
Than cobalt-base alloys shows more excellent hot corrosion resistance at 1000 DEG C or more, can be used as excellent protective materials and exists
Replace stainless steel and nickel-base alloy under high temperature operating conditions.
Currently, the method for preparing Co-based alloy coating mainly has two methods of thermal spraying and laser melting coating.With thermal spraying side
Method is compared, and there is small dilution, dense structure, coating and matrix to be combined, be suitble to more cladding material, granularity and contain for laser melting coating
The features such as amount variation is big, therefore, laser melting and coating technique has broad application prospects.
However, traditional laser melting and coating technique itself is since heating and cooling velocity are fast, cladding layer is easy to produce micro-crack.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, scholars, which pass through, changes cladding material ingredient, or studies and change using fuzzy synthetic appraisement method etc.
The cracking of kind cladding layer, but the above method can not thoroughly solve problem of Cracking, and obtained cladding layer inoxidizability is poor.In laser
In melting and coating process, the technological parameters such as laser power, sweep speed, spot size, powder feed rate have quality of cladding layer important
Influence, different technological parameters will have a direct impact on the temperature field to molten bath and basis material, finally will affect cladding layer
Crystal habit, grain size and microstructure.Therefore, explore suitable technological parameter seems pole to cladding layer problem of Cracking is solved
It is important.
45# steel is cheap, processing performance is good, comprehensive performance is high, is widely used in industrial production and national defense construction,
Through becoming the important materials of industrial products, but in production practice, because being chronically at the severe life such as abrasion, fatigue and corrosion
It produces under environment, material property is caused to be easy failure.Failure mode mostly occurs in the surface of material, so using 45# steel as base
It is most important that the surface of material carries out laser melting coating, and in 45# steel surface prepares coating, there is not been reported using laser melting and coating technique.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of preparation method of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating is provided.This method with
45# steel is as cladding matrix, using 6 alloy powder of Stellite as cladding material, is acted on using coaxial powder-feeding method in laser
Lower carry out laser melting coating not only effectively solves the problems, such as that cladding layer is easy cracking, and preparation process is simple, high-efficient.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-hardness corrosion-resistant paintings being prepared using above-mentioned preparation method
Layer.Present invention offer coating hardness is higher, under high-temperature work environment, has good corrosion resistance and wear-resisting property.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of preparation method of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating, specifically includes following steps：
S1. cladding substrate pretreated；
S2. cladding material is dried；
S3. cladding material is melted simultaneously with cladding matrix skin using laser combination coaxial powder-feeding method, form one layer
Alloy coat is to get the high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating；
Wherein, cladding matrix described in step S1 is 45# steel；Cladding material described in step S2 is 6 alloyed powder of Stellite
End.
The present invention is high, molten with hardness using cheap, processing performance is good, comprehensive performance is high 45# steel as cladding matrix
6 alloy powder of Stellite that point is high, has excellent performance as cladding material, using coaxial powder-feeding method in the case where laser is acted on into
Row laser melting coating forms a laminated gold plating in 45# steel surface, which integrates the performance of cladding matrix and cladding material, firmly
Degree is higher, and has good corrosion resistance and wear-resisting property.
Further, the concrete operation step of the cladding substrate pretreated is：By 600 mesh sand paper of cladding matrix surface
It polishes bright and clean, then removes the greasy dirt and rusty stain of clean surface with ethanol solution.
Further, the concentration of the ethanol solution is 95%, and the processing time is 5min.
Further, the granularity of 6 alloy powder of Stellite is 40~100 μm.
Further, the granularity of 6 alloy powder of Stellite is 60 μm.
Further, 6 alloy powder of Stellite is made of C, Cr, Si, W, Fe, Mo, Ni, Mn, Co element,
Content is respectively 1.2%, 29%, 1.2%, 4.5%, 3%, 1%, 3%, 1%, Co surplus.
Further, the technological parameter of drying process described in step S2 is：Drying temperature is 80 DEG C, and drying time is
30min。
The problems such as being easy cracking for the cladding layer of solution, further, laser described in step S3 are STAUBLTX90
Type digital control laser device, the power of the laser are 450~550W.
The present invention is using laser melting and coating technique in 45# steel surface prepares coating, in laser cladding process, the function of laser
Rate is bigger, and the deposited metals amount of thawing is more, and the probability for generating stomata is bigger, and as laser power increases, cladding layer depth increases
Add, the liquid metals big ups and downs of surrounding, dynamic solidification crystallization makes stomata quantity gradually decrease or even be eliminated, crackle
It gradually decreases, after cladding layer depth reaches capacity depth, as power improves, matrix surface temperature is increased, deformation and cracking
Phenomenon aggravation；Laser power is too small, and only surface covering melts, and matrix is unmelted, and local pilling, cavity occurs in clad layer surface at this time
Deng surface cladding purpose is not achieved.The present invention not only avoids cladding layer from opening by reasonable strict control laser power
The problems such as splitting, deforming melts matrix sufficiently with cladding material, and clad layer surface is smooth.
Further, spot width selected by laser described in step S3 is 1~5mm, 7~9mm/s of scanning speed, takes
Connecing rate is 50%, and using argon gas as protective gas, argon flow 22L/h, powder feed rate is 1.798~2g/min.
Further, spot width selected by laser described in step S3 is 1mm, scanning speed 8mm/s, overlapping rate
It is 50%, using argon gas as protective gas, argon flow 22L/h, powder feed rate 1.798g/min.
The present invention is using laser melting and coating technique in 45# steel surface prepares coating, reasonable strict control laser cladding process
Various process parameters, and by being mutually matched between various process parameters, effectively solve the problems, such as that cladding layer is easy cracking；It obtains
The more excellent laser cladding technological parameter in 45# steel surface prepares coating is obtained, the coating prepared under the technological parameter has excellent
Corrosion-resistant, high temperature resistant, shock resistance and antisticking polishing machine.
A kind of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating that the preparation method of above-mentioned high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating is prepared.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
For the present invention using laser melting and coating technique in a creative way in 45# steel surface prepares coating, cooperation is high, wear-resisting using hardness
Property and good corrosion resistance 6 alloy powder of Stellite as cladding material, scientific and reasonable design laser melting and coating technique technique ginseng
Number, the coating microhardness being prepared under the technological parameter reach as high as 535HV, corrosion potential reachable -760mV, bright
The aobvious corrosion potential higher than matrix 45# steel itself.
The present invention is had using coaxial powder-feeding method easily realizes automation control, and laser energy absorption rate is high, no internal porosity,
Especially deposited metals ceramics, can significantly improve the anti-cracking performance of cladding layer, make hard ceramic mutually can be in cladding layer
The advantages that even distribution, and argon gas protection is very good, cladding coating does not have oxidative phenomena.
The laser cladding coating and matrix that the present invention is prepared are in metallurgical bonding, and combined area part is almost without any crackle
With stomata, compactness is good.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the SEM figure and metallographic microscope of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the microhardness figure of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3；
Fig. 3 is the polarization curve of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3.
Specific embodiment
To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention is made below in conjunction with Figure of description and preferred embodiment more complete
Face meticulously describes, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used hereinafter and the normally understood meaning of those skilled in the art
It is identical.Technical term used herein is intended merely to the purpose of description specific embodiment, it is no intended to limit of the invention
Protection scope.
Unless otherwise specified, various raw material, reagent, the instrument and equipment etc. used in the present invention can pass through city
Field is commercially available or can be prepared by existing method.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of preparation methods of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating, specifically include following steps：
S1. cladding substrate pretreated：It is using 45# steel as the matrix of cladding, its surface is bright and clean with the polishing of 600 mesh sand paper,
The greasy dirt and rusty stain of clean surface are removed with the ethanol solution that concentration is 95% again, the processing time is 5min；
S2. 6 alloy powder of Stellite is dried, the technological parameter of drying process is：Drying temperature is 80
DEG C, drying time 30min；
Wherein, the granularity of 6 alloy powder of Stellite is 60 μm；
S3. 6 alloy powder of Stellite and 45# are made using STAUBLTX90 type digital control laser device combination coaxial powder-feeding method
Steel surface layer is melted simultaneously, forms a laminated gold plating to get high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating；
Wherein, the power of laser is 450W, and selected spot width is 1mm, scanning speed 8mm/s, overlapping rate are
50%, using argon gas as protective gas, argon flow 22L/h, powder feed rate 1.798g/min.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of preparation methods of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating, referring to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with reality
Apply example 1 the difference is that：In step S3, the power of laser is 500W.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment provides a kind of preparation methods of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating, referring to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with reality
Apply example 1 the difference is that：In step S3, the power of laser is 550W.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment provides a kind of preparation methods of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating, referring to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with reality
Apply example 1 the difference is that：In step S3, the scanning speed of laser is 9mm/s.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment provides a kind of preparation methods of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating, referring to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with reality
Apply example 1 the difference is that：In step S3, the scanning speed of laser is 7mm/s.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment provides a kind of preparation methods of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating, referring to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with reality
Apply example 1 the difference is that：In step S3, selected spot width is 5mm.
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment provides a kind of preparation methods of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating, referring to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with reality
Apply example 1 the difference is that：In step S3, selected spot width is 3mm.
Embodiment 8
The present embodiment provides a kind of preparation methods of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating, referring to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with reality
Apply example 1 the difference is that：In step S3, powder feed rate 1.85g/min.
Embodiment 9
The present embodiment provides a kind of preparation methods of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating, referring to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with reality
Apply example 1 the difference is that：In step S3, powder feed rate 2g/min.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a kind of preparation method of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating, referring to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with reality
Apply example 1 the difference is that：In step S1, cladding matrix is titanium alloy.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a kind of preparation method of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating, referring to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with reality
Apply example 1 the difference is that：In step S2, cladding material is titanium carbide.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides a kind of preparation method of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating, referring to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with reality
Apply example 1 the difference is that：In step S3, the power of laser is 300W.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example provides a kind of preparation method of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating, referring to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with reality
Apply example 1 the difference is that：In step S3, the power of laser is 700W.
Comparative example 5
This comparative example provides a kind of preparation method of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating, referring to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with reality
Apply example 1 the difference is that：In step S3, the scanning speed of laser is 10mm/s.
Comparative example 6
This comparative example provides a kind of preparation method of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating, referring to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with reality
Apply example 1 the difference is that：In step S3, the scanning speed of laser is 5mm/s.
Comparative example 7
This comparative example provides a kind of preparation method of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating, referring to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with reality
Apply example 1 the difference is that：In step S3, selected spot width is 10mm.
Comparative example 8
This comparative example provides a kind of preparation method of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating, referring to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with reality
Apply example 1 the difference is that：In step S3, powder feed rate 1.2g/min.
Comparative example 9
This comparative example provides a kind of preparation method of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating, referring to the preparation method of embodiment 1, with reality
Apply example 1 the difference is that：In step S3, powder feed rate 3g/min.
SEM and Lycra metallographic observation are carried out to the high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating that embodiment 1 is prepared, observation result is shown in figure
1。
As shown in Figure 1, it under the conditions of specific laser power, scanning speed, spot width, powder feed rate, effectively prevents
Coating generates stomata, prevents coating cracking, ensures the compactness of coating.
Properties inspection is carried out to the high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating sample that Examples 1 to 9 and comparative example 1~10 are prepared
It surveys, mainly includes that microhardness and chemical property detect, specific testing result is shown in Table 1 and Fig. 2~3.
Wherein, microhardness detection method is as follows：The coating being prepared is cut into 26.5mm first with wire cutting machine
The sample of × 57mm × 7mm is polished using sand paper and removes specimen surface iron rust, spot and big scratch, then polished with polishing machine
To mirror surface without any scratch state, is then thoroughly cleaned, dried with dehydrated alcohol and ultrasonic wave, followed by Lycra microhardness
Measurement tries the hardness of its surface fused coating to substrate；In order to reduce experimental error, the transversely and horizontally measurement layer difference of each sample
3 points are measured, is separated by 0.2cm between each measurement point, is then averaged again.The cladding layer prepared under different technical parameters is aobvious
Microhardness is measured since cladding layer top, is a measurement point every 0.2cm, microhardness can characterize present invention preparation and apply
The wear-resisting property of layer.
Chemical property detection method is as follows：First with wire cutting machine by the coating being prepared be cut into 26.5mm ×
The sample of 57mm × 7mm, sanding and polishing coating sample surface, then on CHI660E electrochemical workstation, using 3.5wt.%
NaCl solution beta alloy coating polarization curve, corrosion potential can characterize the corrosion resistance of prepares coating of the present invention
Energy.
Table 1
It is found that the present invention uses 45# steel as cladding matrix in a creative way compared with comparative example 1 and 2, it is used cooperatively
6 alloy powder of Stellite carries out laser melting coating under laser effect as cladding material, using coaxial powder-feeding method, in 45#
Steel surface forms a laminated gold plating, and the performance of the coating comprehensive cladding matrix and cladding material, hardness is higher, in hot environment
There is down good corrosion resistance and wear-resisting property.
It is found that laser function during laser melting and coating technique compared with Examples 1 to 3, comparative example 3 and 4 and Fig. 2~3
Rate has larger impact to the quality of cladding layer, and when laser power is excessive, matrix surface temperature is increased, and deformation and cracking phenomena add
It is acute；And laser power it is too small when, only surface covering melts, and matrix is unmelted, and local pilling, cavity etc. occurs in clad layer surface at this time
Surface cladding purpose is not achieved in phenomenon；The present invention uses STAUBLTX90 type digital control laser device, reasonable strict control laser function
Rate, within the scope of laser power provided by the invention, cladding layer be not only not in cracking, deformation the problems such as, and matrix with
Cladding material sufficiently melts, and clad layer surface is smooth, has excellent performance.
It is found that the present invention uses laser melting and coating technique in 45# steel surface system compared with embodiment 4~9 and comparative example 5~10
Standby coating, various process parameters in reasonable strict control laser cladding process are wide in specific laser power, scanning speed, hot spot
Under the conditions of degree, powder feed rate, effectively prevents coating and generate stomata, prevent coating cracking, ensure the compactness of coating, be prepared into
To coating microhardness reach as high as 535HV, the reachable -760mV of corrosion potential.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate technical solution of the present invention example, and is not
Restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the art, on the basis of the above description also
It can make other variations or changes in different ways.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.It is all
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc. within the spirit and principles in the present invention should be included in right of the present invention and want
Within the protection scope asked.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of preparation method of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating, which is characterized in that specifically include following steps：
S1. cladding substrate pretreated；
S2. cladding material is dried；
S3. cladding material is melted simultaneously with cladding matrix skin using laser combination coaxial powder-feeding method, form one after cooling
Laminated gold plating is to get the high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating；
Wherein, cladding matrix described in step S1 is 45# steel；Cladding material described in step S2 is 6 alloy powder of Stellite.
2. the preparation method of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cladding matrix is located in advance
The concrete operation step of reason is：Cladding matrix surface is bright and clean with the polishing of 600 mesh sand paper, then clean surface is removed with ethanol solution
Greasy dirt and rusty stain.
3. the preparation method of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the ethanol solution it is dense
Degree is 95%, and the processing time is 5 min.
4. the preparation method of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Stellite 6 is closed
The granularity at bronze end is 40~100 μm.
5. the preparation method of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the Stellite 6 is closed
Bronze end is made of C, Cr, Si, W, Fe, Mo, Ni, Mn, Co element, content is respectively 1.2%, 29%, 1.2%, 4.5%, 3%, 1%,
3%, 1%, Co surplus.
6. the preparation method of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that at dry described in step S2
The technological parameter of reason is：Drying temperature is 80 DEG C, and drying time is 30 min.
7. the preparation method of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that laser described in step S3
For STAUBLTX90 type digital control laser device, the power of the laser is 450 ~ 550 W.
8. the preparation method of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that laser described in step S3
Selected spot width is 1 ~ 5 mm, 7 ~ 9 mm/s of scanning speed, overlapping rate 50%, using argon gas as protective gas, argon
Throughput is 22 L/h, and powder feed rate is 1.798 ~ 2 g/min.
9. a kind of high rigidity that the preparation method such as any one of claim 1 ~ 8 high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating is prepared is resistance to
Corrosion resistant coating.
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| WO2021179533A1 (en) * | 2020-03-07 | 2021-09-16 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for preparing anti-corrosion surface layer of metal material in marine environment by using laser |
| CN115613028A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2023-01-17 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | Laser cladding alloy powder based on aluminum bronze alloy surface and laser cladding method |
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| CN110270688A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-09-24 | 南京中科煜宸激光技术有限公司 | Steel mill's heat resistant and wear resistant anticorrosion bearing ring and its compound increasing material manufacturing method |
| WO2021179533A1 (en) * | 2020-03-07 | 2021-09-16 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for preparing anti-corrosion surface layer of metal material in marine environment by using laser |
| US11939679B2 (en) | 2020-03-07 | 2024-03-26 | Guangdong Ocean University | Method for preparing an anticorrosive surface layer of a metal material in a marine environment by laser |
| CN115613028A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2023-01-17 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | Laser cladding alloy powder based on aluminum bronze alloy surface and laser cladding method |
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