CN115613028A - Laser cladding alloy powder based on aluminum bronze alloy surface and laser cladding method - Google Patents
Laser cladding alloy powder based on aluminum bronze alloy surface and laser cladding method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- RZJQYRCNDBMIAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Zn].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn] Chemical class [Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Cu].[Zn].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Ag].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn] RZJQYRCNDBMIAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
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- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of laser beam processing, in particular to laser cladding alloy powder based on an aluminum bronze alloy surface and a laser cladding method of the powder. The alloy powder comprises the following components in parts by mass: 27 to 31 TiC, 1 to 2 free C, 0.6 to 1.0C, 14 to 17 Cr, 2.5 to 4.5B, 3 to 4.5 Si, 12 to 15 Fe and 25 to 39.9 Co. The laser cladding alloy powder based on the aluminum bronze alloy surface contains higher content of Co, ti, B and other elements and a small amount of free C, so that the cladding layer has the advantages of strong high temperature resistance, strong wear resistance, high hardness, compact structure, refined crystal grains, less pores, less cracks and the like, and simultaneously, the metal bonding body formed by the cladding layer and the aluminum bronze alloy workpiece substrate shows good thermodynamic stability and metallurgical compatibility; the method for laser cladding the powder can greatly improve the working reliability of the workpiece and effectively reduce the production cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser beam processing, and possibly relates to processing of metal powder, in particular to laser cladding alloy powder based on an aluminum bronze alloy surface and a laser cladding method of the powder.
Background
The laser cladding is an advanced surface modification technology, and is a technology which utilizes high-energy laser beams to melt metal base materials added on the surface and surface thin layers of the base materials to form a coating which has special functions and low dilution rate and is combined with the base materials to form metallurgical bonding, so that excellent performances such as wear resistance, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, high temperature resistance and the like are obtained on the surface of a metal workpiece. The laser cladding can prepare a high-performance coating on a low-cost material, so that the energy consumption can be reduced, and the cost is saved. The laser cladding forms metallurgical bonding, and compared with the conventional surface coating strengthening process, the laser cladding has the following remarkable characteristics:
1. the cladding layer has typical rapid solidification characteristics such as compact structure, refined grain and the like;
2. the heat input and distortion are small, and the dilution rate of the coating is low;
3. selective cladding can be carried out, the material consumption is low, and the cost performance is excellent;
4. the laser beam can be aimed at a region which is difficult to access for cladding;
5. the process is easy to realize automation.
In recent years, with the rapid development of material science, computer technology and numerical control technology, the advantages and characteristics of laser cladding enable the technology to show great application potential in the aspects of part repair, gradient functional material preparation, three-dimensional printing and direct forming of parts and the like.
The composite powder composed of the self-fluxing alloy powder and the metal ceramic powder can be used for preparing a ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite coating by means of a laser cladding technology, and the composite coating combines the toughness and the good manufacturability of metal and the excellent wear-resisting, corrosion-resisting, high-temperature-resisting and oxidation-resisting properties of a ceramic material. Cladding composite powder is a research hotspot in the technical field of laser cladding at present. TiC has the characteristics of high hardness, high modulus, high melting point, thermodynamic stability and the like, and thus is widely used as a ceramic reinforcing phase of a composite material. However, the mechanical properties of the existing TiC-containing composite powder after laser cladding on the surface of an aluminum bronze alloy workpiece can not meet the requirement of surface fatigue wear resistance under a high-temperature working condition.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to further improve the mechanical property of the surface of the processed aluminum bronze alloy workpiece, the invention provides laser cladding alloy powder based on the surface of the aluminum bronze alloy and a laser cladding method of the powder.
According to one aspect of the invention, the invention provides cobalt-based titanium reinforced phase laser cladding alloy powder based on an aluminum bronze alloy surface, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 27 to 31 percent of TiC, 1 to 2 percent of free C, 0.6 to 1.0 percent of C, 14 to 17 percent of Cr, 2.5 to 4.5 percent of B, 3 to 4.5 percent of Si, 12 to 15 percent of Fe and 25 to 39.9 percent of Co.
The elements added in the cobalt-based titanium enhanced phase alloy powder for laser cladding have respective effects, co can dissolve a lot of alloy elements, can keep better structural stability, and can form intermetallic compounds with ordered structure, so that a cladding layer has higher high-temperature strength; the Cr element has the functions of solid solution strengthening and passivation, can improve the corrosion resistance and the high-temperature oxidation resistance, and redundant Cr easily forms a hard phase with C, B, so that the hardness and the wear resistance of a cladding layer can be improved; a small amount of Si and B elements have the functions of deoxidation, reduction and slagging and have the function of hardening and strengthening the cladding layer; tiC is a main hard phase of the cladding layer, and can remarkably improve the hardness and the wear resistance of the cladding layer; the micro free C can improve the thermodynamic stability of metallurgical bonding metal bonds formed between TiC and aluminum bronze alloy in the powder components in the laser cladding process, so that the metallurgical compatibility of the powder and the aluminum bronze alloy in the laser cladding process is strengthened, and the overall performance of a cladding layer is greatly improved.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a laser cladding method using the above laser cladding alloy powder, the method including: the laser head of the laser is aligned to the surface of the aluminum bronze alloy workpiece to be cladded; uniformly feeding the cobalt-based titanium enhanced phase alloy powder to the surface of the aluminum bronze alloy workpiece aligned with the laser head by using a coaxial powder feeding device; the laser emits laser beams to irradiate and melt the cobalt-based titanium enhanced phase alloy powder, so that the alloy powder forms molten drops and is continuously cladded on the surface of the aluminum bronze alloy workpiece to be cladded according to a preset track to form a cladding coating; and the laser head scans the surface of the aluminum bronze alloy workpiece in a preset range to complete the continuous cladding of the surface of the aluminum bronze alloy workpiece in the preset range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of a continuous laser cladding method for the surface of an aluminum bronze alloy workpiece.
According to the technical scheme, the cobalt-based titanium reinforced phase alloy powder for laser cladding based on the aluminum bronze alloy surface and the method for laser cladding the powder have the following beneficial effects:
(1) The cobalt-based titanium enhanced phase alloy powder for laser cladding based on the aluminum bronze alloy surface contains higher content of Co, ti, B and other elements, the hardness of a cladding layer can be effectively improved, and the hardness of the obtained cladding layer can reach more than HV 500;
(2) The cobalt-based titanium reinforced phase alloy powder for laser cladding based on the surface of the aluminum bronze alloy improves the thermodynamic stability of metallurgical bonding metal bonds formed between TiC and the aluminum bronze alloy in the powder component in the laser cladding process by utilizing the free state of carbon element, namely free C, so that the metallurgical compatibility of the powder and the aluminum bronze alloy in the laser cladding process is enhanced.
(3) The cobalt-based titanium enhanced phase alloy powder for laser cladding based on the aluminum bronze alloy surface contains higher content of Ti and Cr elements, and can effectively improve the corrosion resistance of a cladding layer.
Detailed Description
The following examples further describe embodiments of the present invention in detail. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The cobalt-based titanium reinforced phase alloy powder for laser cladding comprises the following components in parts by mass: 30g TiC, 2g free C, 1g C, 14g Cr, 3g B, 4g Si, 14g Fe, 64g Co.
Example 2
The cobalt-based titanium reinforced phase alloy powder for laser cladding comprises the following components in parts by mass: 28g TiC, 1g free C, 1g C, 15g Cr, 4.5g B, 4.5g Si, 12g Fe and 63g Co.
Example 3
The cobalt-based titanium reinforced phase alloy powder for laser cladding comprises the following components in parts by mass: 29g TiC, 2g free C, 2g C, 16g Cr, 3g B, 3g Si, 13g Fe and 63g Co.
The method for laser cladding of the cobalt-based titanium reinforced phase alloy powder comprises the following specific contents:
step A, preheating cobalt-based titanium reinforced phase alloy powder for laser cladding to 120 ℃ before sending out, preserving heat for 2-4 hours, and drying.
And step B, performing oil removal, rust removal and preheating treatment on the surface of the aluminum bronze alloy workpiece.
And C, aligning a laser head of the laser to the surface of the aluminum bronze alloy workpiece. Semiconductor pumped solid laser and CO for laser 2 Lasers and semiconductor lasers.
And D, uniformly feeding alloy powder for laser cladding to the surface of the aluminum bronze alloy workpiece aligned with the laser head. The alloy powder can be sent out by adopting a synchronous lateral or synchronous coaxial powder feeding mode. When the powder is synchronously fed laterally, the powder feeding direction, the laser incidence direction and the relative movement direction of the aluminum bronze alloy workpiece are in the same plane. When the powder is coaxially fed, the powder feeding direction is the same as the laser incidence direction. The powder feeding amount is adjusted according to the scanning speed, and the powder feeding amount/the scanning speed is kept unchanged basically, so that a good cladding coating is ensured to be formed, the single-layer cladding thickness is maintained between 0.5mm and 1mm, and the formation of defects such as coating cracks, air holes and the like can be inhibited. Preferably, the laser scanning speed is 120 to 300mm/min, and the alloy powder delivery speed is 20 to 40g/min.
And E, emitting laser by the laser to melt the alloy powder for laser cladding, and forming a cladding coating on the surface of the aluminum bronze alloy workpiece. The laser output power needs to be greater than 3000W. When the laser power is increased, the laser scanning speed and the defocusing amount can be properly increased, and the power/light spot area and the power/scanning speed are ensured to be kept stable. Preferably, the power of the laser is 3000W-6000W, and the laser spot is a circular spot with the diameter of 3 mm-5 mm.
And F, scanning the surface of the aluminum bronze alloy workpiece in the preset range by the laser head to realize continuous cladding of the surface of the aluminum bronze alloy workpiece in the preset range. When the aluminum bronze alloy workpiece is cylindrical: the aluminum bronze alloy workpiece should be rotated along the X axis, and then the laser head is moved along the X axis to scan the surface of the aluminum bronze alloy workpiece, wherein the X axis is the direction of the length of the aluminum bronze alloy workpiece. When the aluminum bronze alloy workpiece is in a flat plate shape: and the laser head moves to a specified length along the X axis, the laser is closed, the laser head moves to the next starting point, the laser is continuously emitted to scan the aluminum bronze alloy workpiece, the coating formed by one-time laser scanning is a single-pass cladding coating, and the X axis is parallel to the direction of the aluminum bronze alloy workpiece. The scanning path is parallel line segments arranged side by side.
Preferably, the cladding coating of the current pass covers part of the coating of the previous pass, forming a lap joint. The lap joint rate was 30%.
Furthermore, the above definitions of the various elements and methods are not limited to the specific structures, shapes or methods mentioned in the embodiments, which may be easily replaced by those skilled in the art, for example: the cobalt-based titanium reinforced phase alloy powder for laser cladding can also be used for laser cladding of metal matrixes with other shapes.
In summary, the invention provides a cobalt-based titanium enhanced phase alloy powder for laser cladding and a laser cladding method using the same. The stand column obtained by cladding the cobalt-based titanium reinforced phase alloy powder for laser cladding has good formability, the coating is not easy to generate crack defects, can form good metallurgical bonding with a metal matrix, has higher hardness and corrosion resistance, and particularly has the hardness of more than HV500, thereby having good application prospect.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The laser cladding alloy powder based on the aluminum bronze alloy surface is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 27 to 31 percent of TiC, 1 to 2 percent of free C, 0.6 to 1.0 percent of C, 14 to 17 percent of Cr, 2.5 to 4.5 percent of B, 3 to 4.5 percent of Si, 12 to 15 percent of Fe and 25 to 39.9 percent of Co.
2. The alloy powder for laser cladding based on aluminum bronze alloy surface according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of all components is between-140 and +320 mesh.
3. The method for laser cladding of alloy powder based on aluminum bronze alloy surface according to any of claims 1 or 2, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(A) Preheating the alloy powder to 120 ℃, preserving heat for 2-4 hours, and drying;
(B) Carrying out oil removal, rust removal and preheating treatment on the surface of the aluminum bronze alloy workpiece;
(C) The laser head of the laser is aligned to the surface of the workpiece to be clad with the aluminum bronze alloy;
(D) Uniformly feeding the laser cladding alloy powder based on the aluminum bronze alloy surface to the surface of the aluminum bronze alloy workpiece aligned with the laser head by using a coaxial carrier gas powder feeding device;
(E) The laser emits laser beams to irradiate and melt the laser cladding alloy powder based on the surface of the aluminum bronze alloy, so that the alloy powder forms molten drops and is continuously cladded on the surface of the aluminum bronze alloy workpiece to be cladded according to a preset track to form a cladding coating;
(F) And the laser head scans the surface of the aluminum bronze alloy workpiece in a preset range to complete the continuous cladding of the surface of the aluminum bronze alloy workpiece in the preset range.
4. The laser cladding method of claim 3, wherein when the laser cladding alloy powder based on the aluminum bronze alloy surface is uniformly fed to the surface of the aluminum bronze alloy workpiece aligned with the laser head, the amount of the alloy powder fed is such that the single-layer cladding thickness is between 0.5mm and 1 mm.
5. The laser cladding method according to claim 3, wherein the laser scanning speed is 120-300 mm/min, and the powder feeding rate of the alloy powder for laser cladding is 20-40 g/min.
6. The laser cladding method of claim 3, wherein the laser power is greater than 3000W, and the laser spot is a circular spot with a diameter of 3mm to 5 mm.
7. The laser cladding method of claim 3, wherein a shielding gas for the cladding layer during the laser cladding process is argon gas.
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2022
- 2022-07-06 CN CN202210796427.1A patent/CN115613028A/en not_active Withdrawn
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| CN108893735A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-11-27 | 湖南工业大学 | A kind of preparation method of high-hardness corrosion-resistant coating |
| CN113416952A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-09-21 | 马鞍山市申马机械制造有限公司 | TiC reinforced metal matrix composite alloy powder for laser cladding of nodular iron castings and preparation method thereof |
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