CN108118334A - A kind of method that superelevation rate laser melting coating prepares cobalt-based wear-and corrosion-resistant coating - Google Patents
A kind of method that superelevation rate laser melting coating prepares cobalt-based wear-and corrosion-resistant coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN108118334A CN108118334A CN201711405796.9A CN201711405796A CN108118334A CN 108118334 A CN108118334 A CN 108118334A CN 201711405796 A CN201711405796 A CN 201711405796A CN 108118334 A CN108118334 A CN 108118334A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of methods for preparing cobalt-based wear-and corrosion-resistant coating using superelevation rate laser melting coating, belong to technical field of surface.The present invention is by selecting the position of suitable Co-based alloy powder, adjustment powder convergent point and laser spot, adjusting the methods of technological parameter, it can quickly and accurately produce that surface smoothness is good, thickness is small, flawless cobalt-based wear-and corrosion-resistant coating, superelevation rate laser melting coating is realized, achievees the purpose that improve production efficiency, save production cost.
Description
Technical field
This method belongs to advanced manufacture, green manufacture technology field, and in particular to prepared by a kind of superelevation rate laser melting coating
The method of Co-based alloy coating.
Background technology
There is cobalt-base alloys higher intensity, wearability, good resistance to thermooxidation, corrosion and heat resistant and cold-and-heat resistent to hand over
Change ability is usually used in the fields such as the energy, petrochemical industry, metallurgy, aerospace as high temperature alloy.With stainless steel and nickel-base alloy phase
Than cobalt-base alloys shows more excellent hot corrosion resistance at 1000 °C or more, can exist as excellent protective materials
Substitute stainless steel and nickel-base alloy under high temperature operating conditions.Co-based alloy coating is prepared on the surfaces such as carbon steel or titanium alloy, it can
Significantly improving the resistance to corrosion of matrix at high temperature, achieving the purpose that reduce cost and improving the service life.
At present, the method for preparing Co-based alloy coating mainly has two methods of thermal spraying and laser melting coating.Wherein thermal spraying
The coating porosity of preparation is higher, low density；Although traditional laser melting and coating technique can prepare the relatively thin coating of high quality,
Inefficiency, it is of high cost, also limit the popularization of its industry.
Traditional laser melting and coating technique is that alloy powder is heated and melted rapidly with matrix surface under laser beam effect
Change, light beam removes rear self-excitation and is cooled into that dilution rate is extremely low, is in the face coat of metallurgical binding with basis material, so as to significantly change
A kind of surface reinforcing method of wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, heat-resisting, the anti-oxidant and electrical characteristic of kind matrix surface etc..Its laser beam portion big absolutely
Point energy acts on basis material and forms molten bath, and powder is synchronously into keeping solid particle state before molten bath, into molten
Liquid is just fused into behind pond, laser beam is quickly cooled down solidification formation with basis material after leaving be in the cladding layer of metallurgical binding.
There are the above problems such as inefficiency, of high cost for conventional laser cladding, it is therefore desirable to seek a kind of better laser
The method that cladding prepares Co-based alloy coating.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of method that superelevation rate laser melting coating prepares Co-based alloy coating, can realize in the short time
The quick preparation of large area Co-based alloy coating is completed, while the performance, size, structural requirement of material is met, greatly
Improve work efficiency.It should be noted that the ultrahigh speed in the present invention is for existing laser melting coating speed, it should
Ultrahigh speed specifically refers to laser scanning linear velocity more than or equal to 20m/min.
The ultrahigh speed laser melting and coating technique of the present invention is a kind of new, efficient laser melting and coating technique, and laser beam lacks portion
Energy is divided to act on basis material and forms shallower molten bath, and most of energy has been acted on dusty material, and powder is made to exist
Temperature rises to fusing point and melts before into molten bath, is combined in droplets with basis material, then is cooled down by matrix itself
Solidification.Due to that need not form deeper molten bath in matrix surface, therefore compared with conventional laser melting and coating technique, laser energy consumption is apparent
Decline, work efficiency also improves dozens or even hundreds of times.The high solidification rate of powder molten drop, makes coating in preparation process
Substantially it is not oxidized, it ensure that the performance of coating.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the side that a kind of superelevation rate laser melting coating prepares cobalt-based wear-and corrosion-resistant coating is provided
Method, which is characterized in that the step of this method includes：
（1）It is spare to Co-based alloy powder screening and purified treatment, the vacuum preservation after drying and processing；
（2）Set the technological parameter of superelevation rate laser melting coating；
（3）By the flawless matrix clamping of any surface finish on the swing mechanism of numerical control device, and adjust hot spot（Laser spot）
And amyloid plaque（Co-based alloy powder convergent point）Compared with the position of matrix clad can fusion so that the energy of cobalt-based laser beam more than 80%
Amount has been acted on dusty material；
（4）Using coaxial powder-feeding ultrahigh speed laser cladding method, by step（1）The Co-based alloy powder cladding of gained is to matrix table
Face obtains cobalt-based wear-and corrosion-resistant coating.
According to a further aspect of the invention, the step（1）In, Co-based alloy powder requirement is particle size range for 15~
50 μm, sphericity be more than 90%.
According to a further aspect of the invention, the step（1）In, the technique of the drying and processing is 120~150 by powder
After DEG C 1.5~3.5h of scope inside holding and cool to room temperature with the furnace.
According to a further aspect of the invention, the step（3）In, the hot spot and amyloid plaque compared with matrix clad can fusion position
It puts and hot spot is required to be overlapped with amyloid plaque in the position higher than 0.5~2mm of clad can fusion.
According to a further aspect of the invention, further include：（5）Keep column linear velocity, feed of every rotation and laser spot
Position is constant, and laser power is reduced to 800~1500W, carries out laser remolten to cladding coating under the conditions of powder of not bothering to see me out, obtains
Smooth surface is bright, the coating without pit and crackle.
According to a further aspect of the invention, the technological parameter is：Spot diameter is 1~3mm, and leg surface linear velocity is i.e. molten
Cover rate for 20~75m/min, 0.2~0.4mm of feed of every rotation, laser power is 1100~1600W, powder feeding rate for 5~
25g/min。
According to a further aspect of the invention, the particular content of technical solution of the present invention is：
The step of this method is：
（1）To Co-based alloy powder screening and purified treatment, the powder that particle size range is more than 90% for 15~50 μm, sphericity is obtained
End, then by 120~150 DEG C of holding temperature, 1.5~3.5h of soaking time drying and processing after vacuum preservation, it is spare；
（2）The technological parameter of superelevation rate laser melting coating is set, concrete technology is：Spot diameter be 1~3mm, leg surface line
Speed, that is, cladding rate is 20~75m/min, and 0.2~0.4mm of feed of every rotation, laser power is 1100~1600W, and powder feeding is fast
Rate is 5~25g/min；
（3）By the flawless matrix clamping of any surface finish on the swing mechanism of numerical control device, and adjust hot spot and amyloid plaque is opposite
The position of matrix clad can fusion：It is required that hot spot is overlapped with amyloid plaque, away from 0.5~2mm of clad can fusion；
（4）Using coaxial powder-feeding ultrahigh speed laser cladding method, step is used（2）The technique is by step（1）The cobalt of gained
Base alloy powder cladding obtains the coating that thickness is 0.15~0.45mm to matrix surface；
（5）Keep column linear velocity, feed of every rotation and focal position of laser constant, laser power is reduced to 800~
1500W carries out laser remolten under the conditions of powder of not bothering to see me out to cladding coating, obtains smooth surface light, the painting without pit and crackle
Layer.
The present invention is compared with the advantage of conventional laser cladding method：Cladding rate is high, can significantly improve production effect
Rate；Simultaneously because larger overlapping rate, the coating surface flatness after laser remolten is smooth higher than traditional cladding coating
Degree, production cost can simultaneously be reduced by further improving production efficiency；Most of energy of conventional laser cladding by Matrix absorption and
The energy of high rate laser cladding is largely absorbed by metal powder, therefore dilution rate is low, and coating composition of the present invention is by matrix material
Material influences smaller, while substrate temperature gradient smaller, deflection smaller, is conducive to the subsequent assembling of column, and coating is not oxidizable,
Performance is more superior.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described With reference to embodiment.Specific embodiment described herein is only used
To explain the present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The present invention provides a kind of methods that superelevation rate laser melting coating prepares cobalt-based wear-and corrosion-resistant coating.Preferably, this method
The step of include：
（1）It is spare to Co-based alloy powder screening and purified treatment, the vacuum preservation after drying and processing；
（2）Set the technological parameter of superelevation rate laser melting coating；
（3）By the flawless matrix clamping of any surface finish on the swing mechanism of numerical control device, and adjust hot spot（Laser spot）
And amyloid plaque（Co-based alloy powder convergent point）Compared with the position of matrix clad can fusion so that the energy of cobalt-based laser beam more than 80%
Amount has been acted on dusty material；
（4）Using coaxial powder-feeding ultrahigh speed laser cladding method, by step（1）The Co-based alloy powder cladding of gained is to matrix table
Face obtains cobalt-based wear-and corrosion-resistant coating.
Preferably, the step（1）In, the Co-based alloy powder requirement is that particle size range is 15~50 μm, sphericity
More than 90%.
Preferably, the step（1）In, the technique of the drying and processing is in 120~150 DEG C of scope inside holdings by powder
After 1.5~3.5h and cool to room temperature with the furnace.
Preferably, the step（3）In, the hot spot and amyloid plaque compared with matrix clad can fusion status requirement hot spot with
Amyloid plaque is overlapped in the position higher than 0.5~2mm of clad can fusion.
Preferably, further include：（5）It keeps matrix linear velocity, feed of every rotation and focal position of laser constant, will swash
Luminous power is reduced to 800~1500W, and laser remolten is carried out to cladding coating under the conditions of powder of not bothering to see me out, obtain smooth surface it is bright,
Coating without pit and crackle.
Preferably, the technological parameter is：Spot diameter is 1~3mm, matrix surface linear velocity, that is, cladding rate for 20~
75m/min, 0.2~0.4mm of feed of every rotation, laser power are 1100~1600W, and powder feeding rate is 5~25g/min.
Preferably, alloy powder instills the molten bath of matrix surface and is combined with matrix in droplets.
In this method, laser beam small part energy, which is acted on basis material, forms shallower molten bath, and most of energy
Such as more than 80% laser beam energy has been acted on dusty material, and powder is made to rise to fusing point simultaneously into temperature before molten bath
Fusing, is combined in droplets with basis material, then by matrix itself cooled and solidified.Due to need not be in matrix surface shape
Into deeper molten bath, therefore compared with conventional laser melting and coating technique, laser energy consumption is decreased obviously, and work efficiency also improves tens very
To hundreds of times.The high solidification rate of powder molten drop, makes coating substantially not oxidized in preparation process, ensure that the property of coating
Energy.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method that cobalt-based wear-and corrosion-resistant coating is prepared on nuclear power sea water pump shaft surface using ultrahigh speed laser melting coating is provided,
Movable post basis material is 3Cr13, is comprised the following steps that：Movable post matrix first is processed with lathe turning, is machined to be less than finished product
Then diameter 0.4mm is reused sharp with the superelevation rate laser cladding method of coaxial powder-feeding in matrix surface cladding cobalt-based coating
The powder that light remelting method melt painting surface is not completely melt ensures Coating Surface Roughness.Its specific process step is：
（1）To Co-based alloy powder screening and purified treatment, the powder that particle size range is more than 90% for 15~45 μm, sphericity is obtained
End, then by 130 DEG C of holding temperature, soaking time 2h drying and processing after vacuum preservation, it is spare；
（2）The technological parameter of superelevation rate laser melting coating is set, concrete technology is：Spot diameter is 1.2mm, leg surface linear speed
Degree is that cladding rate is 50m/min, feed of every rotation 0.25mm, laser power 1500W, powder feeding rate 20g/min；
（3）By any surface finish without the matrix clamping of greasy dirt, zero defect, diameter less than finished diameter 0.4mm on numerically-controlled machine tool, and
Adjust the position of hot spot and amyloid plaque with respect to matrix clad can fusion：Hot spot is made to be overlapped with amyloid plaque in the position higher than clad can 1mm fusion；
（4）Using coaxial powder-feeding ultrahigh speed laser cladding method, step is used（2）The technique is by step（1）The cobalt of gained
Base alloy powder cladding obtains the wear-and corrosion-resistant coating that thickness is 0.35mm to matrix surface；
（5）Not powder feeding carries out laser remolten to cladding coating surface, keeps column linear velocity 50m/min, feed of every rotation
0.25mm and focal position of laser are constant, and laser power is reduced to 1350W carries out laser remolten to cladding coating, obtains surface
The smooth bright, coating without pit and crackle.
The present invention prepares cobalt-based wear-and corrosion-resistant coating using superelevation rate laser melting and coating technique on nuclear power sea water pump shaft, applies
Layer does not occur the defects of stomata, crackle, and the preparation high allowance of precision is small, simplifies manufacturing process flow.Cladding speed of the present invention
Rate is high, can significantly improve production efficiency；Simultaneously because larger overlapping rate, the coating surface flatness after laser remolten
Higher than traditional cladding coating flatness, production cost can simultaneously be reduced by further improving production efficiency；Conventional laser cladding
Most of energy by Matrix absorption and the energy of high rate laser cladding is largely absorbed by metal powder, therefore dilution rate is low,
Coating composition of the present invention is influenced smaller, while substrate temperature gradient smaller, deflection smaller, after being conducive to column by basis material
Continuous assembling, coating is not oxidizable, and performance is more superior.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method that superelevation rate laser melting coating prepares cobalt-based wear-and corrosion-resistant coating, which is characterized in that the step of this method
Including：
（1）It is spare to Co-based alloy powder screening and purified treatment, the vacuum preservation after drying and processing；
（2）Set the technological parameter of superelevation rate laser melting coating；
（3）By the flawless matrix clamping of any surface finish on the swing mechanism of numerical control device, and adjust hot spot（Laser spot）
And amyloid plaque（Co-based alloy powder convergent point）Compared with the position of matrix clad can fusion so that the energy of laser beam more than 80% is made
With on dusty material；
（4）Using coaxial powder-feeding ultrahigh speed laser cladding method, by step（1）The alloy powder cladding of gained to matrix surface,
Obtain cobalt-based coating.
2. the method that a kind of superelevation rate laser melting coating according to claim 1 prepares cobalt-based wear-and corrosion-resistant coating, special
Sign is, the step（1）In, the Co-based alloy powder requirement is that particle size range is more than 90% for 15~50 μm, sphericity.
3. the method that a kind of superelevation rate laser melting coating according to claim 1 prepares cobalt-based wear-and corrosion-resistant coating, special
Sign is, the step（1）In, the technique of the drying and processing be by powder 120~150 DEG C of scope inside holdings 1.5~
After 3.5h and cool to room temperature with the furnace.
4. the method that a kind of superelevation rate laser melting coating according to claim 1 prepares cobalt-based wear-and corrosion-resistant coating, special
Sign is, the step（3）In, the hot spot and amyloid plaque are compared with the status requirement hot spot of matrix clad can fusion with amyloid plaque in height
It is overlapped in the position of 0.5~2mm of clad can fusion.
5. the side of cobalt-based wear-and corrosion-resistant coating is prepared according to a kind of superelevation rate laser melting coating of claim 1-4 any one of them
Method, it is characterised in that further include：（5）Keep column linear velocity, feed of every rotation and focal position of laser constant, by laser
Power is reduced to 800~1500W, and laser remolten is carried out to cladding coating under the conditions of powder of not bothering to see me out, and obtains smooth surface light, nothing
The coating of pit and crackle.
6. the side of cobalt-based wear-and corrosion-resistant coating is prepared according to a kind of superelevation rate laser melting coating of claim 1-4 any one of them
Method, it is characterised in that the technological parameter is：Spot diameter is 1~3mm, leg surface linear velocity, that is, cladding rate for 20~
75m/min, 0.2~0.4mm of feed of every rotation, laser power are 1100~1600W, and powder feeding rate is 5~25g/min.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN108950540A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-07 | 亚琛联合科技（天津）有限公司 | A kind of combined machining method of ultrahigh speed laser melting coating and surface remelting |
| CN109321785A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-02-12 | 常州大学 | A method of cobalt-based coating is prepared on cobalt-base alloys surface |
| CN113235087A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-10 | 芜湖舍达激光科技有限公司 | Process for zinc pot roller shaft sleeve surface laser cladding |
| CN115613028A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2023-01-17 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | Laser cladding alloy powder based on aluminum bronze alloy surface and laser cladding method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108950540A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-07 | 亚琛联合科技（天津）有限公司 | A kind of combined machining method of ultrahigh speed laser melting coating and surface remelting |
| CN109321785A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-02-12 | 常州大学 | A method of cobalt-based coating is prepared on cobalt-base alloys surface |
| CN113235087A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-10 | 芜湖舍达激光科技有限公司 | Process for zinc pot roller shaft sleeve surface laser cladding |
| CN115613028A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2023-01-17 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | Laser cladding alloy powder based on aluminum bronze alloy surface and laser cladding method |
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Application publication date: 20180605 |