CN108589023A - 一种环保型高吸水毡的加工方法 - Google Patents

一种环保型高吸水毡的加工方法 Download PDF

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CN108589023A
CN108589023A CN201810378515.3A CN201810378515A CN108589023A CN 108589023 A CN108589023 A CN 108589023A CN 201810378515 A CN201810378515 A CN 201810378515A CN 108589023 A CN108589023 A CN 108589023A
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water absorption
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黄雪红
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Nantong Textile Vocational Technology College
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4266Natural fibres not provided for in group D04H1/425
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/425Cellulose series
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/73Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
    • D06M11/76Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon oxides or carbonates
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/02Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/04Vegetal fibres

Abstract

本发明公开了一种环保型高吸水毡的加工方法,本发明的工艺流程如下:蒲公英纤维改性→烘干→成网前准备→铺网→加固→成卷→成品包装。本发明采用改性蒲公英纤维生产无纺毡,作为农业育种、林业育苗的高吸水、补水材料,规避了蒲公英纤维不可纺的缺陷,充分利用蒲公英纤维产量较大,纤维加工成本低,收集方便,易降解、抗菌除臭、生态环保等优势,使这种新型生物质纤维得到应用。

Description

一种环保型高吸水毡的加工方法
技术领域
本发明属于纺织行业面料领域,具体涉及一种环保型高吸水毡的加工方法。
背景技术
蒲公英纤维是一种尚未开发利用的新型纤维材料。蒲公英绒纤维是由自身生长出的种子上的纤维。蒲公英绒纤维有长刺,具有与羽毛纤维类似的结构特点。蒲公英纤维不适宜于纺纱加工,由于其产量较大纤维加工成本低,收集方便,加上纤维本身所具有的蓬松性能,纤维与植物植株均具有清凉去火、抗菌保健的功效,为纤维的开发和利用提供了新的资源。在研究蒲公英纤维的理化特性时,发现蒲公英纤维进行改性后,吸水性能非常好,保水性是常规纤维的几十倍,比高吸水树脂要差,而且蒲公英纤维易降解、成本低、清凉去火、抗菌除臭是一种不可多得的生态、环保、保健、高吸水材料。
无纺布是一种非织造布,它是直接利用高聚物切片、短纤维或长丝将纤维通过气流或机械成网,然后经过水刺,针刺,或热轧加固,最后经过后整理形成的无编织的布料。高吸水性无纺布是近年来开发的一种含有强亲水性基团并具有一定交联度的功能性高分子材料。缺水地区农业育种、林业育苗的高吸水材料主要采用高吸水树脂。由于高吸水树脂保水性太强,且不易降解,也有一定的缺陷。
发明内容
发明目的:为了解决现有技术的不足,本发明提供了一种环保型高吸水毡的加工方法。
技术方案:一种环保型高吸水毡的加工方法,本发明的工艺流程如下:蒲公英纤维改性→烘干→成网前准备→铺网→加固→成卷→成品包装;
所述的蒲公英纤维改性:
纯碱2-4g/L;
浴比1:10;
加热到80-90℃;
保温10-15min;
水洗,用醋酸中和至pH=7-8。
作为优化:所述的纤维烘干:温度90-100℃、时间20-25min。
作为优化:所述的成网前准备:粗开松--精开松--进入气压棉箱--喂入梳棉机--梳棉
作为优化:所述的铺网:将纤维单网交叉折叠,达到幅宽200-300厘米,克重300-500克/平方米。
作为优化:所述的针刺:刺钩和刺针反复穿刺,产生挤压,形成具有一定强力,厚度为2-4毫米的非织造品。
作为优化:所述的成卷:打卷机打卷,卷长40-45米。
有益效果:本发明采用改性蒲公英纤维生产无纺毡,作为农业育种、林业育苗的高吸水、补水材料,规避了蒲公英纤维不可纺的缺陷,充分利用蒲公英纤维产量较大,纤维加工成本低,收集方便,易降解、抗菌除臭、生态环保等优势,使这种新型生物质纤维得到应用。
本发明开发利用新型天然纤维材料,变废为宝。蒲公英纤维易降解,是一种生态环保的生物质材料,在无毒的形态中进入下一步环境循环。蒲公英天然易得,成本低,跟高吸水树脂相比,价廉物美。蒲公英纤维加工成本低,收集方便,可以反复使用,为新型天然纤维的应用提供了方向,符合生态、环保、低碳、健康的要求。对蒲公英纤维进行改性,使蒲公英纤维有较强的吸水、保水功能。本发明中的无纺毡透气:由100%纤维组成具多孔性,透气性佳,利于水分渗透。蒲公英纤维抗菌、抗化学药剂:抗菌、碱腐蚀,防止细菌及虫类的侵蚀,不霉蛀,成品不因侵蚀而影响强度。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,以使本领域的技术人员能够更好的理解本发明的优点和特征,从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚的界定。本发明所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例,基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例
本发明将蒲公英纤维用纯碱进行改性,得到吸水性强的改性蒲公英纤维,生产无纺毡,作为农业育种、林业育苗的高吸水、补水材料,规避了蒲公英纤维不可纺的缺陷,充分利用蒲公英纤维产量较大,纤维加工成本低,收集方便,易降解、抗菌除臭、生态环保等优势,使这种新型生物质纤维得到应用。
具体实施例1
本发明的工艺流程如下:蒲公英纤维改性→烘干→成网前准备→铺网→加固→成卷→成品包装;
1、蒲公英纤维改性
纯碱 2g/L
浴比 1:10
加热到 80℃
保温 10min
水洗,用醋酸中和至pH=7
2、纤维烘干
温度 90℃
时间 20min
3、成网前准备
粗开松--精开松--进入气压棉箱--喂入梳棉机--梳棉
4、铺网
将纤维单网交叉折叠,达到幅宽200厘米,克重300克/平方米。
5、针刺
刺钩和刺针反复穿刺,产生挤压,形成具有一定强力,厚度为2毫米的非织造品
6、成卷
打卷机打卷,卷长40米。
7、检验包装。
具体实施例2
本发明的工艺流程如下:蒲公英纤维改性→烘干→成网前准备→铺网→加固→成卷→成品包装;
1、蒲公英纤维改性
纯碱 4g/L
浴比 1:10
加热到 90℃
保温 15min
水洗,用醋酸中和至pH=8
2、纤维烘干
温度 100℃
时间 25min
3、成网前准备
粗开松--精开松--进入气压棉箱--喂入梳棉机--梳棉
4、铺网
将纤维单网交叉折叠,达到幅宽300厘米,克重500克/平方米。
5、针刺
刺钩和刺针反复穿刺,产生挤压,形成具有一定强力,厚度为4毫米的非织造品
6、成卷
打卷机打卷,卷长45米。
7、检验包装。
具体实施例3
本发明的工艺流程如下:蒲公英纤维改性→烘干→成网前准备→铺网→加固→成卷→成品包装;
1、蒲公英纤维改性
纯碱 3g/L
浴比 1:10
加热到 84℃
保温 12min
水洗,用醋酸中和至pH=7
2、纤维烘干
温度 94℃
时间 23min
3、成网前准备
粗开松--精开松--进入气压棉箱--喂入梳棉机--梳棉
4、铺网
将纤维单网交叉折叠,达到幅宽240厘米,克重400克/平方米。
5、针刺
刺钩和刺针反复穿刺,产生挤压,形成具有一定强力,厚度为3毫米的非织造品
6、成卷
打卷机打卷,卷长43米。
7、检验包装。

Claims (6)

1.一种环保型高吸水毡的加工方法,其特征在于:本发明的工艺流程如下:蒲公英纤维改性→烘干→成网前准备→铺网→加固→成卷→成品包装;
所述的蒲公英纤维改性:
纯碱2-4g/L;
浴比1:10;
加热到80-90℃;
保温10-15min;
水洗,用醋酸中和至pH=7-8。
2.根据权利要求1所述的环保型高吸水毡的加工方法,其特征在于:所述的纤维烘干:温度90-100℃、时间20-25min。
3.根据权利要求1所述的环保型高吸水毡的加工方法,其特征在于:所述的成网前准备:粗开松--精开松--进入气压棉箱--喂入梳棉机--梳棉
4.根据权利要求1所述的环保型高吸水毡的加工方法,其特征在于:所述的铺网:将纤维单网交叉折叠,达到幅宽200-300厘米,克重300-500克/平方米。
5.根据权利要求1所述的环保型高吸水毡的加工方法,其特征在于:所述的针刺:刺钩和刺针反复穿刺,产生挤压,形成具有一定强力,厚度为2-4毫米的非织造品。
6.根据权利要求1所述的环保型高吸水毡的加工方法,其特征在于:所述的成卷:打卷机打卷,卷长40-45米。
CN201810378515.3A 2018-04-25 2018-04-25 一种环保型高吸水毡的加工方法 Pending CN108589023A (zh)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1085072A (en) * 1963-11-29 1967-09-27 Ici Ltd Fabrics
CN105386323A (zh) * 2015-12-15 2016-03-09 耿云花 一种医疗用抗菌服
CN106377442A (zh) * 2016-11-29 2017-02-08 广西大学 一种蒲公英纤维化妆棉的制备方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1085072A (en) * 1963-11-29 1967-09-27 Ici Ltd Fabrics
CN105386323A (zh) * 2015-12-15 2016-03-09 耿云花 一种医疗用抗菌服
CN106377442A (zh) * 2016-11-29 2017-02-08 广西大学 一种蒲公英纤维化妆棉的制备方法

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
刘高: "亲油性纤维材料性能及应用", 《山东纺织经济》 *
徐蔚: "有色棉产品的精练工艺研究", 《东华大学学报(自然科学版)》 *

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