CN108578489A - 一种超临界反溶剂制备山里红叶提取物超细微粉的方法 - Google Patents

一种超临界反溶剂制备山里红叶提取物超细微粉的方法 Download PDF

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CN108578489A
CN108578489A CN201810340760.5A CN201810340760A CN108578489A CN 108578489 A CN108578489 A CN 108578489A CN 201810340760 A CN201810340760 A CN 201810340760A CN 108578489 A CN108578489 A CN 108578489A
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sorbic acid
acid wastewater
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罗猛
牟璠松
邢文淼
迟淮书
宋卓悦
杨璇
阮鑫
陈民
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Northeast Forestry University
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种超临界反溶剂制备山里红叶提取物超细微粉的方法。具体而言,采用超临界CO2反溶剂制备方法,用适量的溶剂将山里红叶提取物溶解后,通过改变山里红叶提取物溶液浓度、溶液流速以及结晶釜温度、结晶釜压力等参数,制备出粒径为100nm~400nm、具有改善溶出度、提高生物利用度的山里红叶提取物超细微粉。

Description

一种超临界反溶剂制备山里红叶提取物超细微粉的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种制备山里红叶提取物超细微粉的方法,具体涉及使用超临界CO2反溶剂法(The Supercritical Anti-solvent,SAS)制备山里红叶提取物超细微粉的方法,用于生产具有改善山里红叶提取物生物利用度的超细微粉。
背景技术
山里红叶中可以分离出多种活性物质,如多酚、三萜、花青素和有机酸等。其中,酚类物质包括绿原酸,牡荆素-4″-O-葡萄糖苷,牡荆素-2″-O-鼠李糖苷,荭草苷,芦丁,牡荆素和金丝桃苷等。研究表明,牡荆素具有增加冠状动脉血流量,保护心脑血管系统等重要作用。山里红叶中牡荆素-4″-O-葡萄糖苷和牡荆素-2″-O-鼠李糖苷含量远高于牡荆素,然而他们的药理活性却不及牡荆素,因此可以采用化学转化技术将其转化为牡荆素,提高其生物活性。因提取物颗粒较大,水溶性差,口服生物利用度低,影响其药效发挥,可通过减小粒径的方法有效提高山里红叶提取物生物利用度。本文采用SAS法,以超临界CO2为抗溶剂,以无水乙醇、甲醇、DMSO中的一种或几种为溶剂,通过降低溶剂的溶解能力,使溶质以粒子形式析出,从而制备成超细微粉。
SAS法制备山里红叶提取物超细微粉不仅可以提高其生物利用度,且CO2可循环利用,适合工业化生产。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于用一种SAS法制备山里红叶提取物超细微粉。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:山里红干燥叶粉碎后加50%乙醇提取两次 (55~60℃),每次2小时,第一次加10倍量,第二次加8倍量,滤过,合并滤液,回收乙醇至滤液无醇味,加入2mol/L HCL常温放置5h,待反应完全后减压浓缩至干,得到山里红叶提取物。
采用超临界CO2反溶剂法,用无水乙醇、甲醇、DMSO中的一种或几种为溶剂,将山里红叶提取物溶解,溶液浓度范围为10g/L~30g/L;CO2通入结晶釜设定压力为10Mpa~30Mpa,结晶釜温度为35℃~70℃;恒流泵将溶液打入结晶釜同时继续通入CO2,山里红叶提取物溶液流速为2mL/min~8mL/min;待溶液进样结束,继续通入CO2,保压-运行至排干残留溶剂,当结晶釜内逐步降压至标准大气压后,打开结晶釜收集山里红叶提取物超细微粉。
本发明方法制备山里红叶提取物超细微粉的粒径为100nm~400nm,得率达到90%以上,且易溶于水,具有良好的生物利用度。
本发明的优点:
(1)本发明制备的山里红叶提取物超细微粉粒径小,生物利用度高,利于人体吸收。
(2)本发明制备的山里红叶提取物超细微粉收率较高,无溶剂残留,且CO2可循环利用,且工艺合理,操作方便。
附图说明
附图1扫描电子显微镜照片(a.山里红叶提取物;b.山里红叶提取物超细微粉)
附图2傅立叶变换红外光谱曲线(a.山里红叶提取物;b.山里红叶提取物超细微粉)
附图3 X-射线衍射线(a.山里红叶提取物;b.山里红叶提取物超细微粉)
附图4溶出度曲线(a.山里红叶提取物;b.山里红叶提取物超细微粉)
附图5大鼠体内药物浓度-时间曲线(a.山里红叶提取物;b.山里红叶提取物超细微粉)
具体实施方案
实施例1:
山里红干燥叶粉碎后加50%乙醇提取两次(55~60℃),每次2小时,第一次加10倍量,第二次加8倍量,滤过,合并滤液,回收乙醇至滤液无醇味,加入2mol/L HCL常温放置5h,待反应完全后减压浓缩至干,得到山里红叶提取物。
超临界CO2反溶剂法制备山里红叶提取物超细微粉过程如下:首先检查超临界系统的气密性,打开CO2进口阀,启动冷凝罐开关,然后启动结晶釜和分离釜的加热器,设置温度分别为60℃,35℃,-6℃。待冷凝罐、结晶釜和分离釜内达到预定温度后,钢瓶中CO2通过高压泵和冷凝罐进入结晶釜内,使结晶釜内达到20MPa预定压力。系统稳定后,取用无水乙醇配制好的浓度为1mg/mL的山里红叶提取物溶液100mL,以1mL/min的流速由高压输液泵从釜顶通过喷嘴喷入结晶釜内,含有溶剂的CO2经节流阀进入分离釜。在分离釜中实现溶剂的回收,CO2则经管路回到冷凝罐,循环利用。100mL山里红叶提取物溶液进样完成后再继续加入100mL无水乙醇清洗管路,确保样品完全进入结晶釜内。待100mL无水乙醇进样完成后,停止通入CO2,关闭进入分离釜的节流阀,结晶釜保压20min,再将分离釜下面的阀门打开,将溶剂排出。保压结束后,打开节流阀,继续通CO2,运行10min,然后将分离釜下面的阀门打开,将溶剂排出。重复保压-运行操作,最终排干残留溶剂。操作完成后,关闭CO2进口阀,缓慢将压力降至标准大气压后打开结晶釜取出产品,即得到山里红叶提取物超细微粉,粒径为100nm~200nm。
参照《中华人民共和国药典》四部(2015版)溶出度与释放度测定法,分别称取山里红叶提取物和山里红叶提取物超细微粉75mg,以900mL蒸馏水为溶出介质,温度为(37±0.5)℃,转速为50r/min,依法操作,分别于10、20、30、45、60、120、180min时取样品液,测定总黄酮在500nm波长处的吸光度,计算累计溶出度,并绘制溶出曲线。实验结果表明,此工艺制备的山里红叶提取物超细微粉的溶出度比山里红叶提取物提高2.7倍。
将10只大鼠随机分为2组,将大鼠在相同的温度、湿度、饮食条件下,饲养1周。实验前12h禁食,自由饮水。根据大鼠的体质量,分别给予山里红叶提取物(对照组)和山里红叶超细微粉(实验组),给药剂量均为50mg/kg。采取眼底静脉取血,间隔时间为给药后0.5、 1、2、4、6、8、10、12、24h取血1mL,置于肝素钠抗凝离心管中。将取出的大鼠血样,放入离心管中(含肝素钠),3000r/min,离心10min。取上清100μL于1.5mL离心管中,加甲醇300μL,涡旋振荡混匀3min,10000r/min离心10min,取上清10μL进HPLC检测。计算出含量,并绘制药物-时间曲线。实验结果表明,此工艺制备的山里红叶提取物超细微粉的生物利用度比山里红叶提取物提高2.1倍。

Claims (4)

1.一种超临界反溶剂制备山里红叶提取物超细微粉的方法,其特征在于:主要是采用超临界CO2反溶剂法,用适量的溶剂将山里红叶提取物溶解后,通过改变山里红叶提取物溶液浓度、溶液流速以及结晶釜温度、结晶釜压力等参数,控制山里红叶提取物超细微粉的形貌、粒度分布和得率。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种超临界反溶剂制备山里红叶提取物超细微粉的方法,其特征在于:所述的溶剂为无水乙醇、甲醇、DMSO中的一种或几种的组合。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种超临界反溶剂制备山里红叶提取物超细微粉的方法,其特征在于:所述的山里红叶提取物溶液浓度为10g/L~30g/L,溶液流速为2mL/min~8mL/min。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种超临界反溶剂制备山里红叶提取物超细微粉的方法,其特征在于:所述的结晶釜温度为35℃~70℃,结晶釜压力为10Mpa~30Mpa。
CN201810340760.5A 2018-04-17 2018-04-17 一种超临界反溶剂制备山里红叶提取物超细微粉的方法 Pending CN108578489A (zh)

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