CN108575357B

CN108575357B - Cutting propagation method of Vanilla magnifica

Info

Publication number: CN108575357B
Application number: CN201810323704.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 钟志祥; 王青锋; 胡光万; 李红林
Original assignee: Wuhan Botanical Garden of CAS
Current assignee: Wuhan Botanical Garden of CAS
Priority date: 2018-04-11
Filing date: 2018-04-11
Publication date: 2020-09-15
Anticipated expiration: 2038-04-11
Also published as: CN108575357A

Abstract

The invention discloses a Vanilla planifolia (Vanilla planifolia) of VanillaVanilla polylepis) The cutting propagation method comprises the following steps: 1) selecting healthy vanilla planifoliaCutting robust cutting shoots containing 3-5 nodes from stems; 2) inserting 2-3 sections below the cutting slips into a substrate, and enabling the substrate and the cutting slips to be in close contact with each other, wherein the substrate is building sand with the particle size of 0.5-2 mm; 3) selecting a shadow shed with the shading degrees of 40-60% at the top and the side, and controlling the growth conditions to 40-80% of humidity and 18-30 ℃; 4) after cuttage, watering thoroughly for the first time, and watering once every 10 days later. The method is simple and easy to implement, the rooting rate can reach more than 80%, and the method is suitable for mass propagation of the Vanilla planifolia.

Description

Cutting propagation method of Vanilla magnifica

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant vegetative propagation, and particularly relates to a vegetative cutting propagation method of Vanilla planifolia.

Background

Vanilla magnifica (Vanilla polylipis) is a plant of the genus Vanilla of the family Orchidaceae, and is distributed in southeast African countries such as Congo, Kenya, Angora, Maraviv, Zanbia, Zimbabwe, etc., where it grows in warm forests at altitudes of 1200 m to 1500 m, and even in forests at altitudes of 2000 m in small quantities. The plant belongs to climbing herbaceous plants, likes a semi-yin environment, has fleshy leaves, smooth leaves and stems, a internode length of 15 cm, a stem diameter of 2.5 cm, a flower diameter of 12 cm, a longest fruit pod of 15 cm and a width of 1.5 cm, and flowers and fruits are large in the plant.

The fruits of plants of the genus vanilla are called vanilla beans, which are the raw material from which the spices are extracted, and the vanilla bean tincture obtained by extraction thereof is an indispensable spice for the cigarette industry and the food industry, also called "food spice queen". Some kinds of fruits also have the effects of calming endogenous wind, relieving spasm, tranquilizing and resisting convulsion. Vanilla planifolia (Vanilla polylipis) may be of high value in the industry due to the large size of the fruit. In addition, the flower has larger potential in gardening and appreciation due to the larger size of the flower.

Because of the increasing concern about the potential value of Vanilla plepis, many people begin to breed the Vanilla plepis, but the Vanilla plepis is a tropical high-altitude species (warm and humid throughout the year) and naturally distributed in Africa, so that the drawing of materials is difficult, and the cultivation in China is limited by natural conditions, so that successful cultivation and propagation are not easy. In nature, the Vanilla planifolia (Vanilla polylipis) is mainly propagated sexually, and if artificially planted, in order to shorten the propagation period, a vegetative propagation method such as cuttage can be adopted. However, the successful reproduction of Vanilla pulchella (Vanilla polylipis) has been reported only rarely in the world, and the successful cuttage has not been reported.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a cutting propagation method of Vanilla planifolia, which shortens the propagation period by means of vegetative propagation and ensures that the cutting survival rate is over 80 percent.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the cutting propagation method of the vanilla planifolia comprises the following steps:

1) selecting strong stems of vanilla planifolia, and cutting cuttings containing 3-5 nodes (the internode is short, such as shorter than 3cm, and 5 nodes can be cut);

2) inserting 2-3 sections at the lower end of the cutting into a substrate, and enabling the substrate and the cutting to be in contact and compact, wherein the substrate is construction sand with the particle size of 0.5-2 mm;

3) selecting a shadow shed with the shading degrees of 40-60% at the top and the side, and controlling the growth conditions to 40-80% of humidity and 18-30 ℃;

4) after cuttage, watering thoroughly for the first time, and watering once every 10 days later.

Preferably, the growth conditions in the step 3) are controlled to be 40-70% of humidity, 25-30 ℃ of temperature and 45-55% of shading degree.

Preferably, the vanilla planifolia branches with the stem diameter of more than 0.3cm are selected as the cuttings.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

the method is a cuttage technology for reporting the Vanilla planifolia (Vanilla polylipis) for the first time, the rooting rate can reach more than 80 percent, the method is suitable for mass propagation, and the large-scale cultivation of the Vanilla planifolia is greatly promoted.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments:

1) selecting robust stems of Vanilla polylipis, and cutting robust cuttings containing 3-5 nodes (the internode is short, for example, the internode is shorter than 3cm, and 5 nodes can be cut; the thickness of the cutting is preferably more than 0.3 cm);

4) watering thoroughly for the first time after cuttage to make the matrix reach the saturated water content in the field, and watering once every 10 days later, and rooting can be carried out after 2-4 weeks.

Cutting the cutting slips and preparing cutting medium according to the general steps of cutting, performing water management according to the requirements, and respectively placing the cutting slips under different conditions of a control group and 3 groups: example 1, shade 40% + temperature 25 ℃ + air humidity 70%; example 2, shade 60% + temperature 30 ℃ + air humidity 40%; example 3, shade 40% + temperature 30 ℃ + air humidity 40%; example 4, the shade of 60% + temperature 28 ℃ + air humidity 80%, after 2-4 weeks, the rooting and seedling formation were counted, and the results are shown in the following table:

TABLE 1 rooting percentage of Vanilla planifolia under different conditions

Examples	Degree of shade	Temperature of	Humidity of air	Rooting rate	Remarks for note
						Control group	Full light	32℃	35％	38％
Example 1	40％	25℃	70％	82％	Atomizing moisturizing
						Example 2	60％	30℃	40％	80％
Example 3	40％	30℃	40％	85％
						Example 4	60％	28℃	80％	83％

As can be seen from Table 1, the conditions of illumination, temperature, humidity and the like meet the requirements, the rooting rate is 80% or more, and the rooting rate of the control group is much lower.

Claims

1. The cutting propagation method of Vanilla planifolia is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) selecting a robust stem of the vanilla planifolia, and cutting a robust cutting shoot containing 3-5 nodes;

3) selecting a shadow shed with the shading degrees of 45-55% at the top and the side, and controlling the growth conditions to be 40-70% of humidity and 25-30 ℃;

2. The cutting propagation method of Vanilla planifolia according to claim 1, wherein Vanilla planifolia branches with stems of more than 0.3cm in diameter are selected as cutting slips.