CN108569769A - A kind of vertical current constructed wetland methane utilizing system - Google Patents
A kind of vertical current constructed wetland methane utilizing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108569769A CN108569769A CN201710751314.9A CN201710751314A CN108569769A CN 108569769 A CN108569769 A CN 108569769A CN 201710751314 A CN201710751314 A CN 201710751314A CN 108569769 A CN108569769 A CN 108569769A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
- C12M23/34—Internal compartments or partitions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of vertical current constructed wetland methane utilizing systems, pretreated sanitary sewage is passed through in system processing, enter collecting region after three water treatment processes and a water quality survey process successively, each water treatment process matrix is divided into five layers, respectively coating, planting layer, absorbed layer, separating layer and filter layer.Progress of the annual winter anaerobic fermentation that an area (1) is handled in operation prepares biogas, it handles 2nd area (2) and prepares biogas in the 2nd year winter progress anaerobic fermentation of operation, processing 3rd area (3) carries out anaerobic fermentation in the 3rd year winter of operation and prepares biogas.The system realizes that sewage disposal and biogas utilization are combined, and plays the value of artificial swamp to the greatest extent, and winter biogas utilization while greatly improves the permeability of artificial swamp matrix, the effective blockage problem for alleviating artificial swamp.The artificial wet land system method is simple, and construction cost is low, and application value is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates in Environmental Science and Engineering environmental ecology technical field more particularly to a kind of perpendicular flow artificial it is wet
Ground methane utilizing system.
Background technology
China city and country life sewage yield are big, and with the raising of the level of consumption, the trend of growth is presented.Manually
The advantages that wetland is low because having construction cost, high treating effect, operation and maintenance facilitate, receives significant attention.Artificial swamp is not only
It realizes the purification of sewage, while obtaining the biomass multiple effect of landscape effect and plant.Especially to the processing of low-pollution water, effect
Fruit is apparent, at low cost.Promotional value is higher.
Sanitary sewage is mainly purified by the industrial equipment of sewage treatment plant at present, and operating cost is high, is had in sewage
Machine pollutant cannot be effectively used, and added value is low.And Sewage treatment in constructed wetland is at low cost, pollutant is inhaled by plant
After receipts, biomass is obtained.However in actual moving process, artificial swamp has the shortcomings that easily to block and take up a large area.It hangs down
The development and application of direct current artificial swamp, substantially increases the ability of Sewage treatment in constructed wetland, while reducing occupation of land
Area.However blockage problem be always restrict Artificial Wetland Techniques development basic reason, currently frequently with method be replace
Matrix, heavy workload are of high cost.Caused by substrate clogging is mostly by organic matter, it removes in artificial swamp matrix
Organic matter be current research emphasis.The effective organic matter using in artificial swamp matrix is realized recycling, is improved
The added value of artificial swamp, to pushing the progress of Artificial Wetland Techniques, the processing life of realization low cost and effectively improving
Living environment of people etc. will all be of great significance.Biogas treatment related with artificial swamp mainly authorizes or disclosed at present
Patent includes that a kind of artificial swamp resource recovery utilizes the system (number of applying for a patent：201621358752.6), a kind of micro- life of combination
Rural domestic sewage treatment system (the number of applying for a patent of object fuel cell and anaerobic manpower wetland：201520131872.1), people
Work marsh sewage treatment system and its method (number of applying for a patent for purifying sewage：201510885723.9), in conjunction with microorganism fire
Expect the rural domestic sewage treatment system (number of applying for a patent of battery and anaerobic manpower wetland：201510269360.6), Yi Zhongxu
The artificial swamp sewerage disposing system (number of applying for a patent of batch operation：201310189368.2), at artificial wetland high-efficiency sewage
Method and system (the number of applying for a patent of reason collaboration methane waste product oxidation：201310158512.6), the mountain of discharge of methane can be controlled
The ground city artificial marsh sewage treatment system (number of applying for a patent：201210134240.1), a kind of raising artificial wetland winter fortune
Method (the number of applying for a patent of row effect：201110287165.8), methane-generating pit-biofilm reactor-artificial wetland treatment pig
Field waste water system (the number of applying for a patent：201020165600.0), the application of constructed wetland plant biomass resource (applies for a patent
Number：201010187068.7), the methane-generating pit-biofilm reactor-artificial wetland treatment piggery wastewater technique (number of applying for a patent：
201010152262.1), a kind of organic sewage artificial wetland treatment and the non-grain energy plant cultivating technology of high yield (apply for a patent
Number：201010121074.2), the constructed wetland domestic sewage processing method and processing device (number of applying for a patent：200710048845.8)、
Artificial marsh sewage treatment system (the number of applying for a patent：201520996420.X), the artificial swamp pipe of high-efficient denitrification and dephosphorization a kind of
Road system (the number of applying for a patent：201520798531.X), at a kind of Mountainous City artificial swamp sewage that can control discharge of methane
Reason system (the number of applying for a patent：201220194941.X) and constructed wetland plant biomass resource the application (number of applying for a patent：
201210412248.X) etc..The above patent is all the building method about artificial swamp, these methods are to sanitary sewage
Processing has the effect of certain, all considers leading to the problem of for biogas in artificial swamp, but because there are method complexity, occupation of land faces
Big, of high cost, the easy blocking of product, particularly resource utilization rate are low, one or more defects such as added value is low, promote and apply by
Limitation.Therefore, it is simple to develop a kind of method, construction cost is low, added value is high, safeguards and easy to maintenance and can effectively purify life
The vertical current constructed wetland technology of sewage living, to promoting raising and the sanitary sewage disposal technology of artificial swamp construction level
Progress is all of great significance.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland Systems and domestic sewage processing methods, realize vertical current
It while artificial swamp handles efficient domestic sewage, realizes that sanitary sewage disposal secondary resourceization utilizes, and then pushes artificial
The progress of wetland variation sanitary sewage technology；The processing method is simple for process, and floor space is small, should not block, and added value is high, builds
It makes at low cost；Operation and maintenance are convenient, have higher application value.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of vertical current constructed wetland methane utilizing system, it is characterised in that：This vertical current constructed wetland is divided into five layers of base
Matter, one layer of matrix are coating, and two layers of matrix is plantation layer, thereon planting plants, and three layers of matrix is absorbed layer, and four layers of matrix is
Separating layer, five layers of matrix are filter layer；The bottom and side of entire artificial swamp are respectively provided with waterproof layer, and each treatment region is set into
The mouth of a river and water outlet；Sewage is successively by 3rd area of one area of processing, 2nd area of processing and processing, into after 4th area of processing adjustment water quality,
Finally enter collecting region.
One area of processing, 2nd area of processing, 3rd area of processing, 4th area of processing are identical with the length of side of collecting region, the length of side 35
~50m.
The average thickness of one layer of matrix of matrix be 50~100mm, the average thickness that two layers of matrix be 100~
200mm, the average thickness that three layers of matrix are 300~400mm, and the average thickness that four layers of matrix is 50~100mm, five thickness of matrix
Degree is 200~300mm.
The matrix of one layer of the matrix uses fine sand, a diameter of 0.1~0.25mm；The matrix that two layers of matrix is by plant straw
Stalk is mixed with after low-temperature carbonization with clinker, carbonization process be first by stalk be ground into particle size range be respectively 1~
Then 3mm is carbonized under 300~350 DEG C of temperature conditions, carbonization time is 20~30min, and when preparation, matter is mixed in clinker
It is the straw-stem active charcoal after 35~50% charings to measure number.
It is that stalk is ground into particle size range difference first that the matrix of three layers of the matrix, which uses activated carbon, carbonization process,
It for 4~8mm, is then carbonized under 350~450 DEG C of temperature conditions, carbonization time is 35~50min.
It is 0.5~2mm that four layers of the matrix, which uses coarse sand, grain size, and five layers of matrix uses rubble, and the grain size of rubble is 5
~9mm and 9~15mm, mixed proportion are respectively 35~70%：30~65%.
The waterproof layer uses HDPE geomembranes, side that cut-pff wall, cut-pff wall is used to use in the bottom of artificial swamp
Cement, bentonite, coarse sand and clay are mixed with, mixed proportion be in clay be added mass fraction be 7~10% cement,
1~3% bentonite and 3~6% coarse sand, wall thickness are 0.2~0.4m.
The plant is well developed root system, growth cycle is long, adapts to north-south climate condition, is absorbed to nitrogen phosphorus in sanitary sewage
The strong water plant of ability.
One area of processing carries out anaerobic fermentation in the annual winter of operation and prepares biogas, 2nd area of processing in operation the
2 year winter carried out anaerobic fermentation and prepares biogas, and 3rd area of processing carry out anaerobic fermentation in the 3rd year winter of operation and prepare biogas, locate
It manages 4th area and adjusts water quality after 1~2 week, purified water enters collecting region, is used for urban afforestation, dust on the roads and field irrigation
Water.
After one area of the processing is run 8 years, after 2nd area of processing are run 10 years with 3rd area of processing, two layers of matrix and matrix are replaced
Three layers, the matrix after replacement, which is concentrated, carries out producing methane through anaerobic fermentation, and fermentation system fertilizer is carried out after biogas utilization, is granulated and advances in system fertilizer
Row screening, the coarse sand after screening are used for the incorporation material of one layer of matrix, and incorporation mass fraction is 5~10%.
Advantageous effect：The present invention can effectively improve clean-up effect of the vertical current constructed wetland to sewage, realize simultaneously
The recycling of organic matter in sewage；The construction cost of vertical current constructed wetland is reduced, vertical current constructed wetland is reduced and blocks
Intractable drawback；The method of the present invention is simple, easy to maintain, and service life is long, and operability is strong.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the vertical current constructed wetland methane utilizing system structural plan figure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the vertical current constructed wetland methane utilizing system cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention.
In figure, 1, one area of processing, 2,2nd area of processing, 3,3rd area of processing, 4,4th area of processing, 5, collecting region, 6, water inlet, 7,
Water outlet, 8, one layer of matrix, 9, two layers of matrix, 10, three layers of matrix, 11, four layers of matrix, 12, five layers of matrix, 13, waterproof layer,
14, plant.
Specific implementation mode
Vertical current constructed wetland of the present invention uses subregion multistage filtering, improves the clean-up effect of sanitary sewage, and winter carries out
Anaerobic fermentation consumes the organic matter filtered in matrix, while obtaining biogas energy, improves the permeability of Wetland Substrate, effectively
Alleviation vertical current constructed wetland blocking, Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland Systems of the present invention, each grade matrix use unlike material, operation
After blocking, by replacing overlayer matrix, the update of artificial swamp is realized, the processing method is simple for process, and construction cost is low, safeguards
Convenient, operational effect is notable, and application value is higher.
Below in conjunction with example, the present invention is further described, and specific implementation step is as follows：
Example 1：Town domestic sewage processing and biogas utilization
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, this vertical current constructed wetland is divided into five layers of matrix, and one layer 8 of matrix is coating, matrix two
Layer 9 is plantation layer, planting plants 14 thereon, and three layer 10 of matrix is absorbed layer, and four layer 11 of matrix is separating layer, and five layer 12 of matrix is
Filter layer；The bottom and side of entire artificial swamp are respectively provided with waterproof layer 13, each treatment region setting water inlet 6 and water outlet 7；
Sewage finally enters receipts by three areas 3 of one area 1 of processing, two areas 2 of processing and processing into after four areas 4 of processing adjustment water quality successively
Collect area 5.
The length of side for handling an area 1, two areas 2 of processing, three areas 3 of processing, four areas 4 of processing and collecting region 5 is 50m.
The average thickness of one layer of 8 matrix of matrix is 100mm, and the average thickness that two layer 9 of matrix is 200mm, three layer 10 of matrix
Average thickness be 400mm, the average thickness that four layer 11 of matrix be 100mm, five layer of 12 thickness of matrix be 300mm.
The matrix that one layer 8 of matrix uses fine sand, a diameter of 0.1~0.25mm；The matrix that two layer 9 of matrix is passed through by straw
It is mixed with clinker after crossing low-temperature carbonization, carbonization process is respectively 1~3mm for stalk is ground into particle size range first, so
It is carbonized under 350 DEG C of temperature conditions afterwards, carbonization time 20min, when preparation, the charcoal that mass fraction is 35% is mixed in clinker
Straw-stem active charcoal after change.
It is respectively 4 for stalk is ground into particle size range first that the matrix that three layer 10 of matrix, which uses activated carbon, carbonization process,
Then~8mm is carbonized under 450 DEG C of temperature conditions, carbonization time 35min.
Four layer 11 of matrix uses coarse sand, and grain size is 0.5~2mm, and matrix uses rubble for five layer 12, and the grain size of rubble is 5~
9mm and 9~15mm, mixed proportion are respectively 35%：65%.
Waterproof layer 13 the bottom of artificial swamp use HDPE geomembranes, side use cut-pff wall, cut-pff wall using cement,
Bentonite, coarse sand and clay are mixed with, and mixed proportion is that the swelling of cement, 3% that mass fraction is 7% is added in clay
Soil and 6% coarse sand, wall thickness 0.4m, plant 14 use water hyacinth and cattail.
It handles an area 1 and carries out anaerobic fermentation in the annual winter of operation and prepare biogas, the 2nd year in operation of two areas 2 of processing
Winter carries out anaerobic fermentation and prepares biogas, and three areas 3 of processing carry out anaerobic fermentation in the 3rd year winter of operation and prepare biogas, handle
Four areas 4 adjusted water quality after 2 weeks, and purified water enters collecting region 5, for urban afforestation water.
After one area 1 of the processing is run 8 years, after two area 2 of processing is run 10 years with three areas 3 of processing, two layer of 9 He of matrix is replaced
Three layer 10 of matrix, the matrix after replacement, which is concentrated, carries out producing methane through anaerobic fermentation, and fermentation system fertilizer is carried out after biogas utilization, is made in fertilizer processed
It is sieved before grain, incorporation material of the coarse sand after screening for one layer 8 of matrix, incorporation mass fraction is 5%.
Using foregoing invention device, town sewage is handled, water quality reaches after processing《Urban wastewater treatment firm pollutes
Object discharge standard》(GB18918-2002) level-one B standard, winter biogas utilization, per day production methane quantity 256mg/m2, detest
After aerobe fermentation, infiltration coefficient improves 36%.
Example 2：Rural domestic sewage treatment and biogas utilization
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, an area 1, two areas 2 of processing, three areas 3 of processing, the length of side for handling four areas 4 and collecting region 5 are handled
It is 35m.
The average thickness of one layer of 8 matrix of matrix is 50mm, and the average thickness that two layer 9 of matrix is 100mm, three layer 10 of matrix
Average thickness is 300mm, and the average thickness that four layer 11 of matrix is 50mm, and five layer of 12 thickness of matrix is 200mm.
The matrix that one layer 8 of matrix uses fine sand, a diameter of 0.1~0.25mm；The matrix that two layer 9 of matrix is passed through by straw
It is mixed with clinker after crossing low-temperature carbonization, carbonization process is respectively 1~3mm for stalk is ground into particle size range first, so
It is carbonized under 300 DEG C of temperature conditions afterwards, carbonization time 30min, when preparation, 35% straw-stem active charcoal is mixed in clinker.
It is respectively 4 for stalk is ground into particle size range first that the matrix that three layer 10 of matrix, which uses activated carbon, carbonization process,
Then~8mm is carbonized under 350 DEG C of temperature conditions, carbonization time 50min.
Four layer 11 of matrix uses coarse sand, and grain size is 0.5~2mm, and matrix uses rubble for five layer 12, and the grain size of rubble is 5~
9mm and 9~15mm, mixed proportion are respectively 70%：30%.
Waterproof layer 13 the bottom of artificial swamp use HDPE geomembranes, side use cut-pff wall, cut-pff wall using cement,
Bentonite, coarse sand and clay are mixed with, mixed proportion be in clay be added mass fraction be 10% cement, 1% it is swollen
Profit soil and 3% coarse sand, wall thickness 0.2m, plant 14 use reed and raupo.
It handles an area 1 and carries out anaerobic fermentation in the annual winter of operation and prepare biogas, the 2nd year in operation of two areas 2 of processing
Winter carries out anaerobic fermentation and prepares biogas afterwards, and three areas 3 of processing carry out anaerobic fermentation and prepare biogas in the winter behind the 3rd year of operation,
It handles four areas 4 and adjusts water quality after 1 week, purified water enters collecting region 5, sprinkles water for urban road.
After one area 1 of the processing is run 8 years, after two area 2 of processing is run 10 years with three areas 3 of processing, two layer of 9 He of matrix is replaced
Three layer 10 of matrix, the matrix after replacement, which is concentrated, carries out producing methane through anaerobic fermentation, and fermentation system fertilizer is carried out after biogas utilization, is made in fertilizer processed
It is sieved before grain, incorporation material of the coarse sand after screening for one layer 8 of matrix, incorporation mass fraction is 10%.
Using the above method, domestic sewage in rural areas is handled, water quality reaches after processing《Urban wastewater treatment firm pollutes
Object discharge standard》(GB18918-2002) level-one A standards, winter biogas utilization, per day production methane quantity 186.5mg/m2,
After anaerobic fermentation, infiltration coefficient improves 52.3%.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Essence of the invention is not being departed from
Spirit and principle within made by all any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should be included in protection scope of the present invention it
It is interior.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of vertical current constructed wetland methane utilizing system, it is characterised in that：This vertical current constructed wetland is divided into five layers of matrix,
One layer of matrix (8) is coating, and two layers of matrix (9) is plantation layer, and planting plants (14), three layers of matrix (10) are to absorb thereon
Layer, four layers of matrix (11) are separating layer, and five layers of matrix (12) is filter layer；The bottom and side of entire artificial swamp are respectively provided with anti-
Water layer (13), each treatment region setting water inlet (6) and water outlet (7)；Sewage is successively by processing one area (1), 2nd area of processing
(2) and processing 3rd area (3) finally enters collecting region (5) into after processing 4th area (4) adjustment water quality.
2. handling an area (1), processing 2nd area (2), processing 3rd area (3), processing 4th area (4) as described in claim 1 and collecting
The length of side in area (5) is identical, and the length of side is 35~50m.
3. the average thickness of one layer of (8) matrix of matrix as described in claim 1 is 50~100mm, two layers of matrix (9) is averaged
Thickness is 100~200mm, and the average thickness of matrix three layers (10) is 300~400mm, and the average thickness of matrix four layers (11) is
50~100mm, five layers of (12) average thickness of matrix are 200~300mm.
4. the matrix of matrix as described in claim 1 one layer (8) uses fine sand, a diameter of 0.1~0.25mm；Two layers of matrix
(9) matrix is mixed with after low-temperature carbonization with clinker by straw, and carbonization process is that stalk is ground into grain first
Diameter range is respectively 1~3mm, is then carbonized under 300~350 DEG C of temperature conditions, and carbonization time is 20~30min, when preparation,
It is the straw-stem active charcoal after 35~50% charings that mass fraction is mixed in clinker.
5. it is first to crush stalk that the matrix of matrix as described in claim 1 three layers (10), which uses activated carbon, carbonization process,
It is respectively 4~8mm at particle size range, is then carbonized under 350~450 DEG C of temperature conditions, carbonization time is 35~50min.
6. it is 0.5~2mm that four layers of matrix (11) as described in claim 1, which uses coarse sand, grain size, five layers of matrix (12) is using broken
The grain size of stone, rubble is 5~9mm and 9~15mm, and mixed proportion is respectively 35~70%：30~65%.
7. waterproof layer (13) as described in claim 1 uses HDPE geomembranes, side to use antiseepage in the bottom of artificial swamp
Wall, cut-pff wall are mixed with using cement, bentonite, coarse sand and clay, and mixed proportion is that addition mass fraction is 7 in clay
~10% cement, 1~3% bentonite and 3~6% coarse sand, wall thickness be 0.2~0.4m.
8. plant (14) as described in claim 1 is well developed root system, growth cycle is long, adapts to north-south climate condition, to life
The strong water plant of nitrogen phosphorus absorbability in sewage.
9. processing one area (1) carries out anaerobic fermentation in the annual winter of operation and prepares biogas, processing two as described in claim 1
Area (2) carries out anaerobic fermentation in the 2nd year winter of operation and prepares biogas, and processing 3rd area (3) is detested in the 3rd year winter of operation
Aerobe fermentation prepares biogas, and processing 4th area (4) adjusted water quality after 1~2 week, and purified water enters collecting region (5), for urban afforestation,
Dust on the roads and farmland irrigation water.
10. after handling an area (1) operation as described in claim 1 and claim 98 years, handling 2nd area (2) and 3rd area of processing
(3) after running 10 years, matrix two layers (9) and matrix three layers (10) are replaced, the matrix after replacement, which is concentrated, carries out anaerobic fermentation production natural pond
Gas carries out fermentation system fertilizer after biogas utilization, is sieved before system fertilizer is granulated, the coarse sand after screening is for one layer of matrix (8)
Incorporation material, incorporation mass fraction are 5~10%.
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