CN101397178B - Livestock and poultry raising sewage disposal process and disposal system thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a livestock and poultry breeding sewage treatment process and a treatment system thereof. The livestock and poultry breeding sewage treatment process is characterized in that it includes the following steps: 1) pretreatment of sewage; 2) the sewage after acidification adjustment tank stays in the red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device for 12 to 15 days for anaerobic fermentation, and uses The near-medium temperature fermentation process removes the organic matter in the sewage, and the generated biogas is recycled; 3) After anaerobic fermentation, the effluent biogas slurry enters the multi-level biomimetic oxidation ditch, and the retention period of the sewage in the multi-level biomimetic oxidation ditch is 3 to 6 4) The effluent treated by the multi-stage imitation ecological oxidation ditch enters the multi-stage artificial geological rapid infiltration system, and the natural vertical flow passes through the percolation medium from top to bottom, and the effluent meets the standard discharge . The invention has the characteristics of low cost, low energy consumption and high processing efficiency.

Description

Livestock and poultry breeding sewage treatment process and its treatment system

technical field

The invention relates to a livestock and poultry breeding sewage treatment process and a treatment system thereof.

technical background

With the continuous progress of social economy and science and technology, the livestock and poultry breeding industry is developing rapidly in the direction of industrialization and scale. However, while bringing greater economic benefits to society, its harm to the environment cannot be ignored. The pollutants discharged by the livestock and poultry breeding industry have the characteristics of high concentration and large discharge volume. The waste discharged by it has high concentration of organic matter, high suspended solids, high content of ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus, and all indicators have exceeded the national discharge standard by several times or even Dozens of times, it has become a larger source of pollution than industrial wastewater and domestic sewage, and is an important source of water pollution. According to statistics, the annual excrement production of my country's livestock and poultry breeding industry is as high as 2.5 billion tons, the loss rate of excrement entering the water body is as high as 25%-30%, the discharge of COD (chemical oxygen demand) reaches 93.7 million tons, and the discharge of breeding wastewater More than 10 billion tons, far exceeding the sum of the discharge of industrial wastewater and domestic wastewater in China.

At present, the treatment modes of aquaculture sewage include field return mode, natural treatment mode and standard discharge treatment (industrial treatment) mode.

Returning to the field refers to the direct application of sewage to the land. Although this model has the advantages of simplicity and economy, there are problems such as large land use area, low treatment efficiency, incomplete treatment, spread of pathogenic microorganisms, and odor pollution. Long-term application can lead to the accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus, and toxic and harmful substances in the soil. Accumulate and may pollute the surrounding water environment through runoff. Although the process is simple and the cost is low, this mode has the characteristics of low treatment efficiency, incomplete treatment, and high risk of environmental pollution. It can no longer meet the sewage treatment requirements of the modern intensive farming industry.

The natural treatment mode refers to the use of natural treatment methods such as oxidation ponds and artificial wetland systems. The natural treatment mode is often applied to low-concentration domestic sewage treatment, but for livestock and poultry sewage with high COD, high nitrogen and phosphorus, pathogenic microorganisms and insect eggs, it is often combined with anaerobic treatment process. Although the use of constructed wetlands or oxidation ponds to treat sewage has the advantages of less investment and no power operation, but the sludge generated during the anaerobic treatment of livestock and poultry sewage is easy to clog the constructed wetland matrix. Generally, if the constructed wetland operates for about half a year, the sewage purification effect will decline, and the matrix must be renewed, resulting in repeated investment. Oxidation ponds have poor operational stability and are prone to water quality deterioration. In addition, artificial wetlands and oxidation ponds require a large area of land, which is difficult to meet the conditions for farms with limited land area.

Standard discharge mode (industrial treatment mode) refers to a class of methods that use anaerobic, aerobic, anaerobic-aerobic and other processes to treat aquaculture sewage for the purpose of standard discharge. At present, the anaerobic processes used to treat pig sewage at home and abroad mainly include anaerobic filter (AF), upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB), composite anaerobic reactor (UASB+AF), and expanded granular sludge bed reactor. (EGSB), upflow sludge bed reactor (USR), upflow anaerobic sludge bed filter (UBF), CSTR (completely mixed anaerobic digester), semi-mixed anaerobic reactor, etc. These anaerobic treatment technologies can effectively remove pathogenic microorganisms and most organic matter in pig sewage, but there are often problems such as high equipment construction costs, high operation and maintenance costs, and it is often difficult to balance treatment costs and efficiency. After anaerobic treatment, livestock and poultry sewage needs to undergo aerobic treatment to further degrade COD, especially nitrogen and phosphorus removal, in order to meet the discharge standards. If conventional aerobic aeration is adopted, the cost of investment, power consumption, process management, equipment maintenance, etc. will be high, and the technical requirements will be high, which is difficult for enterprises to accept.

Most of the large amount of heavy metals used in feed additives in the livestock and poultry breeding process cannot be absorbed, but are excreted into the environment. The wastewater from livestock and poultry breeding contains high concentrations of heavy metals. Long-term large-scale discharge will increase the content of heavy metals in soil and plants and seriously pollute the environment. At present, the relatively mature methods for treating heavy metal wastewater include chemical precipitation, activated carbon adsorption and ion exchange. The chemical precipitation method can quickly remove heavy metal ions in sewage, but there are problems such as high operating costs, high concentration of heavy metal ions in the effluent, and secondary pollution of sediments. Ion exchange method and activated carbon adsorption method have the advantages of good effluent quality, but when the treated sewage contains other cations, the selectivity to heavy metals is poor, and there are also disadvantages of high operation and material costs. At present, there is no technology specially applied to the treatment of heavy metals in livestock and poultry sewage.

Since my country's livestock and poultry sewage treatment technology is relatively backward, funds are insufficient, and treatment facilities are seriously lagging behind, it is obviously not in line with my country's national conditions to directly adopt the industrial standard model. Develop and integrate a set of cost-effective, low energy consumption, less maintenance, which can effectively remove COD, nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metals in livestock wastewater, achieve sewage discharge standards, and effectively recover nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients. Combination of livestock and poultry sewage treatment Technology is an urgent problem to be solved for the sustainable development of my country's livestock and poultry industry.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a livestock and poultry breeding sewage treatment process and a treatment system thereof with low cost, high treatment efficiency and low energy consumption.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is: livestock and poultry breeding sewage treatment process, which is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

1) Sewage pre-treatment: The sewage from livestock and poultry breeding flows into the drainage ditch after being discharged, and after the debris is removed through the grille in the drainage ditch, it enters the grit chamber for sedimentation; the sewage is deposited in the grit chamber to remove solids in the sewage and then enters the sump ; After the sewage is evenly mixed in the sump, it enters the acidification adjustment tank. The organic matter and macromolecular substances are acidified and hydrolyzed in the acidification tank to prepare for the subsequent anaerobic tank to produce biogas, and precipitate and remove insoluble pollutants in the sewage. The acidification adjustment tank The supernatant in the medium enters the follow-up red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device;

The water intake method of the sewage pretreatment is intermittent water intake, the water intake method is twice a day, after the first water intake for 2 hours, there is an interval of 6 hours, and then the second water intake, the water intake time is 2 hours; After the second water intake, there is an interval of 14 hours, and the water intake and interval are alternately carried out;

2) The sewage after the acidification adjustment tank stays in the red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device for 12 to 15 days for anaerobic fermentation, and uses the near-medium temperature fermentation process to remove the organic matter in the sewage, and the generated biogas is recycled; the red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation The water intake method of the oxygen fermentation device is continuous water intake;

3) After the anaerobic fermentation of the red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device, the effluent biogas slurry enters the multi-level imitation ecological oxidation ditch, and the sewage in the multi-level imitation ecological oxidation ditch is fully dissolved oxygen and Oxygenation, the residence period is 3 to 6 days, degrades organic matter, and removes nitrogen and phosphorus;

4) The effluent treated by the multi-stage imitation ecological oxidation ditch enters the multi-stage artificial geological rapid infiltration system, and the natural vertical flow passes through the infiltration medium from top to bottom, and the effluent is discharged up to the standard.

A livestock and poultry breeding sewage treatment system that realizes the above process, which includes a sewage pretreatment system, an anaerobic fermentation device for red mud plastic, a multi-stage imitation ecological oxidation ditch, a multi-stage artificial geological quick infiltration system, an air storage bag, and a booster; The sewage pre-treatment system includes a drainage ditch, a screen, a grit chamber, a sump, and an acidification adjustment tank. One end of the drainage ditch is connected to the sewage outlet of livestock and poultry breeding, and the other end of the drainage ditch is connected to the input end of the grit chamber. , there is a grid in the drainage ditch; the output end of the grit chamber is connected with the input end of the sump, the output end of the sump is connected with the input end of the acidification adjustment tank, and the lower end of the acidification adjustment tank is provided with a mud pipe , the acidification adjustment tank is connected with the scum drying field by the mud pipe; the output end of the acidification adjustment tank is connected with the input end of the red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device by the first sewage pipe; the red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device is connected There is a biogas collection cover, one end of the biogas pipe is connected to the biogas collection cover, the other end of the biogas pipe is connected to the input end of the gas storage bag, and the output end of the gas storage bag is connected to the input end of the supercharger. The output end of the machine is connected with the biogas user; the sewage output end of the red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device is connected with the input end of the multi-stage biomimetic oxidation ditch through the second sewage pipe, and the output end of the multi-stage imitation eco-oxidation ditch is connected with the multi-stage biomimetic oxidation ditch. The input ends of the artificial geological rapid infiltration system are connected.

Principle of the present invention is:

1. Sewage pre-treatment: Intercept longer fibers, wool and other debris in livestock and poultry sewage through grilles, grit chambers, sump tanks, acidification adjustment tanks, etc., remove larger particles and sand in livestock and poultry sewage, and effectively reduce organic loads , to shorten the anaerobic retention period of sewage; the grille is used to block debris and needs to be cleaned regularly, the sewage is diverted through the water flow baffle, and the flow rate is reduced to achieve the purpose of rapid settlement of solids; there is a stirring device in the sump; In the pool, the macromolecular pollutants in the sewage have been initially hydrolyzed and acidified to prepare for the anaerobic treatment of sewage; the acidification adjustment pool stores and adjusts the water quality and water volume before anaerobic fermentation treatment, reduces the toxicity of disinfection water, and reduces the organic Concentration, so that concentrated, intermittent water into a balanced, continuous water, balance the hydraulic load, improve the effect of anaerobic fermentation.

2. Enter the pre-treated sewage into the red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device, and use the near-medium temperature fermentation process to remove most of the organic matter in the sewage, reduce CODcr, and generate a large amount of clean energy-biogas;

The red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device uses red mud plastic as the anaerobic fermentation covering, which has the characteristics of good heat absorption, good heat preservation, acid and alkali resistance, foldable, easy repair, long life, good sealing, and convenient transportation. Due to the good heat absorption and heat preservation performance, the internal temperature of the tank is relatively high, and the fermentation is at a near-medium temperature, the cycle is greatly shortened, and the gas production rate is high, and the operation is stable all year round.

3. Multi-level ecological imitation oxidation ditch: use natural dissolved oxygen, UV redox, plant purification and seepage and other natural degradation processes to remove organic matter, and can partially remove nitrogen and phosphorus; multi-level ecological imitation oxidation ditch is an ecological imitation treatment In the multi-level imitation ecological oxidation ditch, the sewage is fully dissolved and oxygenated through the baffle ditch and natural vertical flow in the multi-level imitation ecological oxidation ditch. The power of the whole system comes from the natural water level drop, no equipment, no energy consumption, low investment , less maintenance, good effect and so on.

4. Multi-level artificial geological quick infiltration system: the water from the multi-level imitation ecological oxidation ditch enters the multi-level artificial geological quick infiltration pool, and the natural vertical flow method passes through the percolation medium from top to bottom, and through physical filtration, adsorption, volatilization, chemical Decomposition and transformation, microbial degradation, absorption, etc. remove residual pollutants such as heavy metals, nitrogen and phosphorus, and make the effluent meet the standard.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: through the pretreatment process, the solid-liquid separation of livestock and poultry sewage is carried out in time, the sinking (floating) slag is removed, the water quality is adjusted, the water quantity is adjusted, the COD removal rate reaches 25%, and the subsequent anaerobic and aerobic treatment is effectively improved. Effect, saving follow-up investment. The red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device of the same specification is 55% cheaper than the steel plate anaerobic device, and 25% cheaper than the concrete anaerobic device, which reduces investment costs and has a good fermentation effect. The removal rates of CODcr and BOD ₅ are respectively 80% and 90%, high gas production rate (this link focuses on removing COD and insect eggs, etc., and can generate a large amount of clean energy biogas). The operation of the multi-stage imitation ecological oxidation ditch does not require any equipment, no energy consumption, can run for a long time, and can recover some nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus; the removal rate of nitrogen in sewage can reach 60%, and the removal rate of phosphorus can reach about 20% . The multi-stage artificial geological rapid infiltration system can remove COD, nitrogen, phosphorus, and heavy metals in the effluent of the multi-stage imitation ecological oxidation ditch without power, and the removal rates are 60%, 80% and 90% respectively, (this link Focus on removing phosphorus and heavy metals).

It adopts a complete combination process of sewage pretreatment, red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device, multi-stage imitation ecological oxidation ditch, and multi-stage artificial geological rapid infiltration system. It has stable operation, good treatment effect, low cost, low energy consumption, and does not require special equipment. Maintenance and other characteristics, the removal of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and heavy metals is good, and all indicators of the effluent can meet the "Discharge Standards of Pollutants for Livestock and Poultry Breeding Industry (2001)" (realize sewage discharge standards, environmental protection), suitable for large-scale Treatment of high-concentration organic wastewater from chemical farms.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the livestock and poultry breeding sewage treatment system realizing the process of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the plan view that realizes the multi-stage imitation ecological oxidation ditch of technique of the present invention, multi-stage artificial geological rapid infiltration system;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view along line D-D of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view along line E-E of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a partial sectional view of the diafiltration medium in the quick osmosis tank;

In the figure: 1-grid, 2-grit chamber, 3-collection tank, 4-acidification adjustment tank, 5-first sewage pipe, 6-sludge pipe, 7-scum drying field, 8-biogas pipe , 9-air storage bag, 10-supercharger, 11-red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device (or red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation tank), 12-second sewage pipe, 13-multi-stage imitation ecological oxidation ditch, 14-Multi-stage artificial geological quick seepage system, 15-The third sewage pipe, 16-The fourth sewage pipe, 17-The first water collecting channel on the right, 18-The first level quick seepage tank on the right, 19-The second quick seepage on the right Pool, 20-right third-stage quick-seepage pool, 21-left first catchment canal, 22-spray main pipe, 23-spray branch pipe, 24-left first-stage quick-seepage pond, 25-left second-stage quick-seepage Pool, 26-left third-stage quick seepage tank, 27-outlet hole, 28-fourth collecting channel, 29-output pipe, 30-gravel layer, 31-nylon mesh, 32-functional packing layer, 33-ore sand layer.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the livestock and poultry breeding sewage treatment process includes the following steps:

1) Sewage pre-treatment: The sewage from livestock and poultry breeding flows into the drainage ditch after being discharged, and after removing sundries (long fibers, wool, etc.) through the grille in the drainage ditch, it enters the grit chamber for sedimentation; The solids (such as dung, sediment, scum and other large solids, which are deposited in the grit chamber) enter the sump; the sewage is mixed evenly in the sump and then enters the acidification adjustment tank, and the organic matter and macromolecular substances are in the acidification tank Under the action of acid-producing bacteria, it is acidified and hydrolyzed (no need to add acid to adjust the pH value in this link), to prepare for the subsequent biogas production in the anaerobic tank, and then to remove insoluble pollutants in the sewage by sedimentation, and to acidify the upper water in the adjustment tank. The clear liquid enters the follow-up red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device in a balanced manner through the outlet regulator;

The water intake method of the sewage pretreatment is intermittent water intake, the water intake method is twice a day, after the first water intake for 2 hours, there is an interval of 6 hours, and then the second water intake, the water intake time is 2 hours; After the second water intake, there was an interval of 14 hours, and the water intake and interval were alternated; the water intake mode after the acidification adjustment tank has changed from intermittent water intake in the sewage pretreatment stage to continuous water intake, thereby reducing the imbalance of water quality and quantity The impact on the subsequent anaerobic fermentation tank;

2) The sewage after the acidification adjustment tank stays in the red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device for 12 to 15 days for anaerobic fermentation, and the organic matter in the sewage is removed by using a near-medium temperature fermentation process (existing technology), and the biogas produced Recycling; the water intake mode of the red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device is continuous water intake;

3) After the anaerobic fermentation of the red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device, the effluent biogas slurry enters the multi-level imitation ecological oxidation ditch, and the sewage passes through the baffle ditches and the natural vertical flow in the multi-level imitation ecological oxidation ditch [Multi-level imitation ecology The oxidation ditch is composed of 2 to 12 biomimetic oxidation ditches. The first level of biomimetic oxidation ditch to the last level of biomimetic oxidation ditch are arranged in order from high to low and connected with each other (that is, natural vertical flow mode). The drop between the ecological oxidation ditches is 0.4-0.6m; each level of imitation ecological oxidation ditch adopts the baffled ditch method], fully dissolves oxygen and fills oxygen, and its retention period is 3-6 days, degrades organic matter, and removes nitrogen and phosphorus;

4) The effluent treated by the multi-stage imitation ecological oxidation ditch enters the multi-stage artificial geological rapid infiltration system, and the natural vertical flow passes through the infiltration medium from top to bottom, and the effluent is discharged up to the standard.

The livestock and poultry breeding sewage treatment system that realizes the above process includes a sewage pretreatment system, a red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device 11, a multi-stage imitation ecological oxidation ditch 13, a multi-stage artificial geological rapid infiltration system 14, an air storage bag 9, a booster Press 10; the sewage pre-treatment system includes drainage ditch, grille 1, grit chamber 2, sump 3, acidification adjustment tank 4, one end of the drainage ditch is connected with the livestock and poultry breeding sewage outlet, and the other end of the drainage ditch is connected with The input end of the grit chamber 2 is connected, and a grille 1 is provided in the drainage ditch; the output end of the grit chamber 2 is connected with the input end of the sump 3, and the output end of the sump 3 is connected with the input end of the acidification regulating pool 4 The lower end of the acidification adjustment tank 4 is provided with a mud pipe 6 (a control valve is provided on the top), and the acidification adjustment tank 4 is connected with the scum drying field 7 by the mud pipe 6; the output of the acidification adjustment tank 4 is connected by The first sewage pipe 5 is connected with the input end of the red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device 11 (the output end of the first sewage pipe 5 is provided with an outlet regulator); One end of the pipe 8 is connected with the biogas collection cover, the other end of the biogas pipe 8 is connected with the input end of the air storage bag 9, the output end of the air storage bag 9 is connected with the input end of the supercharger 10, and the supercharger 10 The output end of the red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device 11 is connected to the output end of the biogas user; the sewage output end of the red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device 11 is connected with the input end of the multi-level imitation ecological oxidation ditch 13 by the second sewage pipe 12, and the output end of the multi-level imitation ecological oxidation ditch 13 It is connected with the input end of the multi-stage artificial geological rapid infiltration system 14 .

The length and width of the grid 1 is 0.4m × 0.4m, and the horizontal steel bar and the vertical steel bar are welded into a mesh structure, the horizontal steel bar is a thin steel bar, the vertical steel bar is a thick steel bar, and the thick steel bar The gap between the strips is 25mm, and the gap between the thin steel bars is 15mm. When installing, the inclination angle with the vertical plane is 45°～60°.

The grit chamber 2 has a length and width of 2m×1m, a depth of 0.8m (effective depth), a brick-concrete structure, and a water flow baffle at the entrance of the grit chamber. The grit chamber adopts the existing technology.

Said sump 3 is underground cylindrical, brick-concrete structure, with a depth of 2.3-3.5m (effective depth), and an effective volume of 20-40m ³ .

The acidification adjustment tank 4 adopts a semi-underground brick-concrete structure, the depth is 2.5m (effective depth), and the hydraulic retention time is 1 day; the top of the acidification adjustment tank is provided with a scum inclined plate, and the bottom is provided with an inverted cone and sludge discharge pipe.

The described red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device 11 can adopt existing equipment. The design hydraulic retention time of red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device (or called red mud plastic production anaerobic fermentation device) 11 is 12 to 15 days, with 6 grids (as shown in Figure 2), and the size of each grid can be appropriate depending on the local terrain. Adjustment, the effective water depth is generally 3.8m, the underground concrete structure is adopted, and the roof of the pool is covered with arched red mud plastic. The near-medium temperature fermentation process is used to remove most of the organic matter in the sewage and generate a large amount of biogas. In view of the low fermentation efficiency of the existing red mud plastic fermentation technology, the hydraulic retention time is appropriately increased to 12-15 days. In view of the shallow pool body, which is easily affected by the low temperature in winter, the depth of the pool body is deepened, and some pools on the ground Add convenient and cheap thermal insulation materials on the external wall, such as ordinary plastic foam, etc., and add a thermal insulation greenhouse outside the entire anaerobic fermentation device. The thermal insulation greenhouse adopts a steel frame structure and the material is a greenhouse PC board.

The multi-level biomimetic oxidation ditch 13 is an improvement on the prior art, and consists of 2 to 12 biomimetic oxidation ditches (each biomimetic oxidation ditch adopts the prior art). 1), in view of the shortcomings of the existing ecological imitation oxidation ditch shallow dissolved oxygen and thin layer drop oxygenation effect is poor, the original ecological imitation oxidation ditch is established in different levels according to the local natural terrain drop; the first level of ecological imitation oxidation ditch to The last level of ecological imitation oxidation ditch is arranged in order from high to low and connected with each other (that is, natural vertical flow mode). The way of flowing ditches; the step-by-step reduction is adopted to strengthen the oxygen-dissolving function of sewage flow and drop oxygenation. The multi-level ecological imitation oxidation ditch 13 in Fig. 2 is a series of three phases, and each group has two ecological imitation oxidation ditches. 2) Aiming at the shortcomings that the aquatic plants used in the existing imitation ecological oxidation ditch are easy to die in winter, resulting in poor nitrogen and phosphorus removal effects, a kind of fast growth speed can be used to efficiently use nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage throughout the year to grow, And can be used as the plant of livestock and poultry feed such as " yellow water dragon ". The biodegradability of the effluent biogas slurry after anaerobic fermentation of sewage is poor, and it is difficult to remove it by a single biochemical degradation method. At the same time, organic matter is degraded through multiple filter screens and aquatic plants are planted on the surface of the water body, and nitrogen and phosphorus are removed. It adopts the form of natural vertical flow and baffle ditches, and is mainly composed of several parts such as filter screen, baffle plate, overflow plate, sludge caisson, sludge return slope, and aquatic plants. The depth of the multi-level biomimetic oxidation ditch is 0.4-0.6m, the height difference between each level is 0.4-0.6m, and the width is 1.0-1.5m. The residence period of sewage in the multi-level biomimetic oxidation ditch is 3-6 days. Degrade organic matter, and remove nitrogen and phosphorus.

As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the multi-stage artificial geological rapid seepage system 14 includes a third sewage pipe 15, a fourth sewage pipe 16, a left quick seepage tank group, and a right quick seepage tank group ;The left quick osmosis pool group is composed of 2 to 5 left quick osmosis pools, and the right quick osmosis pool group is composed of 2 to 5 right quick osmosis pools; the left quick osmosis pool group and the right quick osmosis pool group operate alternately;

In this example, the right quick seepage pool group adopts to be made up of 3 right quick seepage pools (i.e. the right first stage quick seepage pool 18, the right second stage quick seepage pool 19, the right third stage quick seepage pool 20); The first level quick seepage pool 18, the right second level quick seepage pool 19, and the right third level quick seepage pool 20 are all brick-concrete structures, the right first level quick seepage pool 18, the right second level quick seepage pool 19, and the right third The first-stage quick-seepage pools 20 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom, and the drop between two adjacent quick-seepage pools is 0.8-1.0m; Infiltration tank 20 is all provided with infiltration medium; The upper end right side in the right first stage quick seepage tank 18 is provided with right first catchment channel 17 (the right among Fig. 4 is the right side, left is the left side), the first The output ports of the four sewage pipes 16 communicate with the first water collection canal 17 on the right, and the input ports of the fourth sewage pipe 16 communicate with the output ends of the multi-stage imitation ecological oxidation ditch 13. The fourth sewage pipe 16 is provided with a control valve. The upper end of the first-stage quick-seepage pool 18 is provided with a water spray main pipe, and one end of the water spray main pipe communicates with the first right water collection canal 17, and the water spray main pipe is provided with a water spray branch pipe, and small holes are evenly distributed on the water spray branch pipe , the water spray main pipe and the water spray branch pipe are positioned at the top of the diafiltration medium in the first-level quick seepage pool 18 of the right respectively; The left side wall of the first-level quick seepage pool 18 is provided with water outlet, and the water outlet on the left side wall of the right first order quick seepage pool 18 communicates with the second water collecting channel on the right; The upper end is provided with a water spray main pipe, and one end of the water spray main pipe communicates with the second right water collection canal. The water spray main pipe is provided with a water spray branch pipe, and small holes are evenly distributed on the water spray branch pipe. The water spray main pipe and the water spray branch pipe are respectively located in the Above the diafiltration medium in the right second stage quick seepage pool 19; The right side of the upper end in the right third stage quick seepage pool 20 is provided with the right third catchment channel, the left side wall of the right second stage quick seepage pool 19 The top is provided with a water outlet, and the water outlet on the left side wall of the right second stage quick seepage pool 19 communicates with the right third water collecting channel; One end of the main pipe communicates with the right third water collecting channel, the water spray main pipe is provided with a water spray branch pipe, and small holes are evenly distributed on the water spray branch pipe, and the water spray main pipe and the water spray branch pipe are respectively located in the right third stage quick seepage pool 20. The top of the infiltration medium; the left side wall of the right third stage quick seepage tank 20 is provided with a water outlet hole, and the water outlet hole on the left side wall of the right third stage quick seepage tank 20 communicates with the fourth water collecting channel, the fourth episode The water channel is located outside the left side wall of the third-level quick seepage tank 20 on the right;

The left quick osmosis pool group adopts to be made up of 3 left quick osmosis pools in this example (i.e. the left first level quick osmosis pool 24, the left second level quick osmosis pool 25, the left third level quick osmosis pool 26); The first level quick seepage pool 24, the left second level quick seepage pool 25, and the left third level quick seepage pool 26 are brick-concrete structures, the left first level quick seepage pool 24, the left second level quick seepage pool 25, the left third The first-stage quick-seepage pools 26 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom, and the drop between adjacent two-stage quick-seepage pools is 0.8-1.0m; Infiltration tank 26 is all provided with infiltration medium; The upper end right side in the left first stage quick seepage tank 24 is provided with left first catchment channel 21 (the right among Fig. 5 is the right side), the third sewage pipe 15 The output port communicates with the left first water collecting channel 21, the input port of the third sewage pipe 15 communicates with the output end of the multi-stage imitation ecological oxidation ditch 13, and the third sewage pipe 15 is provided with a control valve; The upper end in the pool 24 is provided with a water spray main pipe, and one end of the water spray main pipe communicates with the left first water collecting channel 21, and the water spray main pipe is provided with a water spray branch pipe, and the water spray branch pipe is evenly distributed with small holes, the water spray main pipe, The water spray branch pipe is respectively positioned at the top of the diafiltration medium in the left first stage quick seepage pool 24; The left side wall of 24 is provided with outlet hole, and the outlet hole on the left side wall of left first stage quick seepage pool 24 communicates with left second water collection canal; The water main pipe, one end of the water spray main pipe communicates with the left second water collection canal, the water spray main pipe is provided with a water spray branch pipe, and small holes are evenly distributed on the water spray branch pipe, and the water spray main pipe and the water spray branch pipe are respectively located in the left second fast The top of the infiltration medium in the infiltration tank 25; the upper end right side in the left third-level quick-infiltration tank 26 is provided with the left third water collecting channel, and the left side wall of the left second-level quick-infiltration tank 25 is provided with a water outlet , the outlet hole on the left side wall of the left second stage quick seepage pool 25 communicates with the third left water collecting canal; The third water collection channel is connected, the water spray main pipe is provided with a water spray branch pipe, and small holes are evenly distributed on the water spray branch pipe, and the water spray main pipe and the water spray branch pipe are respectively located above the percolation medium in the left third-stage quick seepage tank 26 ; The left side wall of the left third stage quick seepage pool 26 is provided with water outlet, and the water outlet hole on the left side wall of the left third stage quick seepage pool 26 communicates with the fourth water collecting channel, and the fourth water collecting channel is located at the left third Outside the left side wall of the quick seepage pool 26, the output pipe 29 communicates with the fourth water collecting channel 28.

Described infiltration medium comprises ore sand layer 33, functional packing layer 32, crushed stone layer 30, ore sand layer 33, functional packing layer 32, crushed stone layer 30 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom; The thickness of mineral sand layer is 0.3m , the material of the ore sand layer is any one or a mixture of two or more (including two) of marble sand, river sand, and granite, and the mixture of two or more is an arbitrary ratio; the thickness of the functional filler layer is 0.5m , the functional filler layer is composed of a denitrification layer and a dephosphorization layer, the volume ratio of the denitrification layer to the dephosphorization layer is 2:1, and the denitrification layer is located on (or under) the dephosphorization layer; the denitrification layer The material is mainly a mixture of high-efficiency denitrification mineral materials such as zeolite, vermiculite, and modified fly ash. The volume ratio of zeolite, vermiculite, and modified fly ash is 3:2:1~5:2:1; The material of the dephosphorization layer is steel slag, blast furnace slag, or a mixture of the two, and the mixing ratio of the two is arbitrary; the crushed stone layer is a supporting layer, and the material of the crushed stone layer is shale and limestone , any one of the gravels or a mixture of two or more types (including two types), the mixture of two or more types is in any proportion, the thickness of the gravel layer is 0.1m; the filler particle size of the gravel layer is 1.0-2.0 cm, the material particle size of the functional filler layer is 0.8-2.0 mm, and the filler particle size of the ore sand layer is 0.5-1.0 mm.

A nylon mesh 31 is arranged between the mineral sand layer 33 and the functional packing layer 32 , and a nylon mesh 31 is arranged between the functional packing layer 32 and the gravel layer 30 . (The layers are separated by nylon mesh).

The height of each level of quick seepage tank is 0.9 meters, and the height of the system is 2.7 meters. The wall of the quick seepage tank is 0.2 m higher than the infiltration medium as the protection height. Each quick seepage tank is 14.4m long and 2.5m wide. The two groups are arranged side by side, and the dual-module alternate operation mode is adopted.

The multi-stage artificial geological rapid infiltration system 14: Although most of the organic substances have been removed from the sewage treated by the multi-stage imitation ecological oxidation ditch, the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metals is still high, and it needs to enter the multi-stage artificial geological rapid infiltration system. Infiltration system for further treatment, multi-stage artificial geological quick infiltration system efficiently removes residual pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and heavy metals.

After pretreatment, the sewage is evenly distributed on the surface of the quick seepage tank through the water distribution pipe, and the natural vertical flow mode passes through the percolation medium from top to bottom, and the pollutants pass through physical filtration, adsorption, volatilization, chemical decomposition and transformation, microbial degradation, The absorption and other functions change from complex to simple, from large molecules to small molecules, from unusable to usable, absorbing, and continuous renewal and recycling. In particular, the organic substances trapped in the filter material make microorganisms multiply, and the microorganisms are further adsorbed. , forming a biofilm composed of bacterial micelles and a large number of fungal hyphae, and the removal of pollutants mainly depends on the biofilm on the surface of the filter material. When the sewage flows through, the natural minerals and industrial waste residues in the filter material will absorb organic matter and flocculate the biofilm, and a large amount of dissolved organic matter and suspended matter will be retained. Water quality is purified. Oxygenation of the system is achieved by alternating dry and wet water distribution, and the cycle of anaerobic and aerobic biodegradation is completed. While the organic matter is degraded, the biofilm is constantly renewed due to metabolism, achieving a dynamic biological metabolic balance, and accelerating nitrification and denitrification. Efficiency, long-term maintenance of the removal of pollutants, to achieve long-term efficient and stable operation of the system.

The main features of the multi-stage artificial geological rapid infiltration system are:

1. The system is mainly designed for the terminal treatment of livestock and poultry sewage with high nitrogen and phosphorus content. The concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in livestock and poultry sewage treated by ordinary biological methods is several times higher than that of domestic sewage. It is impossible to directly use the CRI system to achieve nitrogen and phosphorus efficient removal. The zeolite, vermiculite, modified fly ash, steel slag, water-quenched slag and other geological and mineral materials and industrial waste slag used in this system have the ability to efficiently remove nitrogen and phosphorus, which not only has a high hydraulic load, but also ensures that the treated water reaches "Livestock and Poultry Wastewater Discharge Standards" requirements.

2. The operation of the system does not require any cost. Using the natural terrain drop, the sewage infiltrates naturally by gravity, reducing the operating costs caused by the energy consumption of the pump. It is suitable for sewage treatment of various scales of farms, especially in mountainous areas with rural characteristics Or livestock and poultry farm sewage treatment projects in hilly areas.

3. The system adopts a modular operation mode, and the two systems operate alternately (left quick seepage tank group, right quick seepage tank group). Once blocked, it can be switched to the backup system immediately through the valve to avoid blockage and cause paralysis of the whole process. The main reason for clogging is that the growth rate of the biofilm is too fast and the concentration of organic matter in the influent is too high, which leads to the imbalance of organic matter metabolism and is difficult to repair quickly. By stopping the input of organic matter and degrading it for a certain period of time, the system can recover by itself, so the system adopts dual modules run alternately.

The system has a high hydraulic load of about 1.2m/d (m ³ /m ² ·d), and can reach a hydraulic load of 1.0-1.5m consistent with the existing CRI technology when the influent concentration is higher than that of domestic sewage /d(m ³ /m ² ·d). The CRI system distributes water 4 times a day, and each time distributes water for 15-20 minutes. It is frequently flooded and dried up frequently. The water pump has to be started and run many times a day, which consumes a lot of energy. The multi-stage artificial geological rapid infiltration system is not limited by the fixed water distribution cycle, and the hydraulic load of the system can be adjusted accordingly according to the local geographical conditions, topographical conditions, changes in the inflow and outflow water quality, and the difference in flushing time of livestock and poultry sewage. to achieve the best conditions for stable operation.

Claims (7)

1. livestock and poultry breeding sewage treatment process is characterized in that it comprises the following steps: 1) Sewage pre-treatment: The sewage from livestock and poultry breeding flows into the drainage ditch after being discharged, and after the debris is removed through the grille in the drainage ditch, it enters the grit chamber for sedimentation; the sewage is deposited in the grit chamber to remove solids in the sewage and then enters the sump ; After the sewage is evenly mixed in the sump, it enters the acidification adjustment tank, where the organic matter and macromolecular substances are acidified and hydrolyzed in the acidification tank to prepare for the subsequent anaerobic tank to produce biogas, and to precipitate and remove insoluble pollutants in the sewage; acidification adjustment tank The supernatant in the medium enters the follow-up red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device; The water intake method of sewage pretreatment is intermittent water intake; 2) The sewage after the acidification adjustment tank stays in the red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device for 12 to 15 days for anaerobic fermentation, and uses the near-medium temperature fermentation process to remove the organic matter in the sewage, and the generated biogas is recycled; the red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation The water intake method of the oxygen fermentation device is continuous water intake; 3) After the anaerobic fermentation of the red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device, the effluent biogas slurry enters the multi-level imitation ecological oxidation ditch, and the sewage in the multi-level imitation ecological oxidation ditch is fully dissolved oxygen and Oxygenation, the residence period is 3 to 6 days, degrades organic matter, and removes nitrogen and phosphorus; 4) The effluent treated by the multi-stage imitation ecological oxidation ditch enters the multi-stage artificial geological rapid infiltration system, and the natural vertical flow passes through the infiltration medium from top to bottom, and the effluent meets the standard discharge; The multi-level ecological imitation oxidation ditch is composed of 2 to 12 ecological imitation oxidation ditches. The drop between ecological oxidation ditches is 0.4-0.6m; plants that use nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage are planted in the imitation ecological oxidation ditch; The multi-stage artificial geological rapid osmosis system includes a left quick osmosis pool group and a right quick osmosis pool group; the left quick osmosis pool group consists of 2 to 5 left quick osmosis pools, and the right quick osmosis pool group consists of 2 to 5 right Composition of quick seepage pools; the left quick seepage pool group and the right quick seepage pool group run alternately; Described infiltration medium comprises ore sand layer (33), functional packing layer (32), crushed stone layer (30), ore sand layer (33), functional packing layer (32), crushed stone layer (30) from above Arranged sequentially from bottom to bottom; the thickness of the ore sand layer is 0.3m, and the material of the ore sand layer is any one or a mixture of two or more of marble sand, river sand, and granite. The thickness of the packing layer is 0.5m. The functional packing layer is composed of denitrification layer and phosphorus removal layer. The volume ratio of denitrification layer to phosphorus removal layer is 2:1; the materials of denitrification layer are mainly zeolite, vermiculite and modified Fly ash is mixed, the volume ratio of zeolite, vermiculite and modified fly ash is 3:2:1~5:2:1; the material of phosphorus removal layer is any one of steel slag, blast furnace slag or Mixing of the two kinds, the mixing ratio is arbitrary; the material of the gravel layer is any one of shale, limestone, gravel or a mixture of more than two kinds, and the mixing ratio of more than two kinds is arbitrary. The thickness of the crushed stone layer is 0.1m; the material particle size of the crushed stone layer is 1.0-2.0cm, the material particle size of the functional filler layer is 0.8-2.0mm, and the filler particle size of the ore sand layer is 0.5-1.0mm. 2. Realize the livestock and poultry breeding sewage treatment system of technology described in claim 1, it is characterized in that it comprises sewage pretreatment system, red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device (11), multistage imitation ecological oxidation ditch (13), multiple Level artificial geological rapid seepage system (14), air storage bag (9), booster (10); sewage pre-treatment system includes drainage ditch, grille (1), grit chamber (2), sump (3) . Acidification adjustment tank (4), one end of the drainage ditch is connected with the sewage outlet of livestock and poultry breeding, the other end of the drainage ditch is connected with the input end of the grit chamber (2), and a grille (1) is arranged in the drainage ditch ; The output end of the grit chamber (2) is connected with the input end of the sump (3), and the output end of the sump (3) is connected with the input end of the acidification regulation pond (4), and the acidification regulation pond (4) A mud pipe (6) is provided at the lower end, and the acidification adjustment tank (4) is connected with the scum drying field (7) by the mud pipe (6); the output end of the acidification adjustment tank (4) is connected by the first sewage pipe (5) communicate with the input end of the red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device (11); the red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device (11) is provided with a biogas collection cover, and one end of the biogas pipe (8) is connected with the biogas collection cover , the other end of the biogas pipe (8) is connected with the input end of the air storage bag (9), the output end of the air storage bag (9) is connected with the input end of the supercharger (10), and the supercharger (10) The output end is connected with the biogas user; the sewage output end of the red mud plastic anaerobic fermentation device (11) is connected with the input end of the multi-stage ecological imitation oxidation ditch (13) by the second sewage pipe (12), and the multi-stage imitation ecology The output end of the oxidation ditch (13) is connected with the input end of the multi-stage artificial geological rapid infiltration system (14). 3. The sewage treatment system for livestock and poultry breeding according to claim 2, characterized in that: the length and width of the grid are 0.4m×0.4m, and the horizontal steel bars and vertical steel bars are welded to each other to form a mesh structure , The horizontal steel bars are thin steel bars, the vertical steel bars are thick steel bars, the gap between the thick steel bars is 25mm, and the gap between the thin steel bars is 15mm. 4. The livestock and poultry breeding sewage treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the length and width of the grit chamber is 2m×1m, the depth is 0.8m, and the entrance of the grit chamber is provided with a water flow stop plate. 5. The livestock and poultry breeding sewage treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: said sump is an underground cylindrical shape with a depth of 2.3-3.5m and an effective volume of 20-40m ³ . 6. The livestock and poultry breeding sewage treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the acidification regulating tank adopts a semi-underground brick-concrete structure with a depth of 2.5m; the top of the acidizing regulating tank is provided with a scum slope plate, with an inverted cone caisson and a sludge discharge pipe at the bottom. 7. The sewage treatment system for livestock and poultry breeding according to claim 2, characterized in that: the multi-stage biomimetic oxidation ditch is composed of 2 to 12 biomimetic oxidation ditches, the first level biomimetic oxidation ditch to the last Levels of biomimetic oxidation ditches are arranged in order from high to low and connected with each other. The drop between two adjacent levels of biomimetic oxidation ditches is 0.4-0.6m; plants that use nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage are planted in the biomimetic oxidation ditch.

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